北京市昌平区高二下学期期末英语试卷2

昌平区2021—2022学年第二学期高二年级期末质量抽测英语试卷本试卷共12页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题卡交回。第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。DisappointmentisFollowedbyUnexpectedConnectionMydaughterwithhertwofriendsdrovetothenatureparkforahike.Onreturningtotheparkinglotafterthehike,they___1___,totheirdisappointment,thattheircarwindowswerebroken.Shatteredglasswaseverywhereandtheir___2___andiPadwerestolenfromthecar.Withoutasecondthought,theycalledthepolice.Thepolicetriedtheirbesttoinvestigate,hopingtofindsomeclues.Yetthemethodstheytriedweren’t___3___evenwhengiventhedevicelocationsviafindingapps.Thateveningmydaughtergota___4___fromaladyonsocialnetworks.Shesaidshehad___5___apureandabackpackonthestreetwithIDcardandcreditcardsinit.Wewerethinkingoverthe___6___ofthiscaller.Shehadcalledfromtheneighbouringcity.Mydaughterdecidedtocallherthenextdayandlearnmoreaboutherinsteadof___7___.Thenextdaywecalledherasplanned.It___8___thatladywasanelementaryschoolteacherandagreedtomeetmydaughteratapolicestation.Onarrivalthekindteachergavemydaughterallthebelongingsshehadfound.Thisteacherwasindeedpracticingwhatshe___9___!Whatanexampleshesettogooutofherwayfora___10___,tomaketheefforttoconnectandfollowthrough.1.A.considered B.discovered C.admitted D.ignored2.A.purse B.book C.phone D.computer3.A.important B.necessary C.helpful D.powerful4A.message B.way C.sign D.chance5.A.inspected B.lost C.thrown D.found6.A.target B.determination C.intention D.ambition7.A.ending B.doubting C.hoping D.following8A.turnedout B.cameacross C.cameout D.turnedup9.A.masters B.creates C.monitors D.teaches10.A.volunteer B.partner C.stranger D.friend第二节（共10小题；每小题分，共15分）A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Alotofmytimeisspentdoingwildlifesurveys,whichmeanstryingtofigureouthowmanyanimalsorfishareinacertainarea.Thisis___11___(hard)thanjustsimplycountingthembecauseanimalsarewellhiddenand___12___(frequent)moveinandoutofourstudyareas.Soweusevarioustechniques,likebandingbirdsandradio-trackingturtlestohelpusunderstandtheirhabits.Weuseallthisinformation___13___(help)managethesepopulations.B阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Withmostofusleadingbusylives,theideaofvolunteeringmayseemlikeadaunting(艰巨的)task.Butinrecentyears,there___14___(be)asignificantincreaseinyouthsvolunteeringacrosstheglobe.InChina,youngpeoplearevolunteeringinareasranging___15___educationandsciencepopularizationtoanimalrescueandenvironmentalprotection.Doyouwanttobeoneofthose___16___serveothersanddogood?C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。TodayI___17___(stop)byaladywhoaskedmeifIcouldhelpherfindhermobilephone,whichshehadlost.Shelatertoldmethatshehadturned80thisyear.Ididmybest,___18___(search)inandaroundhercarandherbags.Ialsotriedcallingherphone.Unfortunately,wecouldnotfindit.Ikepthercompanyuntilshe___19___(calm)downandletherusemyphonetocallafriend.IfeltabitlikeIletherdown,___20___IhopeIwasabletoprovidealittlecomfortandcompanyduringherstressfultime.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AOurScienceCenterFieldTripisheretofillyourtimewithfunonlineandon-siteSTEM(science,technology,engineeringandmath)programs.SciTechDaysSciTechDayswillbedeliveredononeFridayeachmonthforgrades6-12thisyear.YoucangototheScienceCentertodiscoverexcitingcareerpathswithinnovatorsinSTEMfieldsandinteractwithSTEMexperts.YoualsohavetheoptiontovirtuallybringtheScienceCentertoyou.TherecordedinterviewsofSTEMinnovatorsandexpertsareavailableonourofficialwebsite.Pricing:.$5perpersonperon-siteSciTechDay.Bundleoffouron-siteSciTechDays:$15totalforfourdaysperperson.freeforonlineSciTechDayExhibitExplorationsWithexhibittours,andliveinstructionfromourteamofscienceeducators,eachvirtualfieldtripexperienceispackedwiththeeducationalSTEMlessonsfoundineveryScienceCenterprogram—allstreameddirectlytoyou!Pricing:$3perpersonperexhibitionexplorationMakerWorkshopsTheon-siteMakerWorkshopsgivesyoufromgrades6anduptheopportunitytoexperiencetheSTEMbasedmakermovement.Hereyoucantakeyourdesignsfromcomputerscreenstoroboticmachines.Hereyoulearnhowthecomputer-controlledmachineworldswhilefinishingyouruniqueprojects.Pricing:$8perpersonperMakerWorkshopSTEMAdventureYoucanenjoyanexcitingthemedlearningexperiencethatincludesaguidedexhibittourand30-minutehands-on,minds-onworkshop.Youcanlearnhowtocreatesustainableenergyandkeepdangerouschemicalsoutofyourenvironmentsandbodies!Trackhowplasticsflowintowaterwaysandlearnhowtopreventit.Thisprogramisforgrades1-5.Pricing:freeGiveusacallat812-637-6909!OurteamisavailableMonday-Friday9am-5pmtohelpyoubooktheprogramthatbestfitsyou.21.WhatcanwelearnaboutSciTechDaysactivities?ATheyneedtobepurchasedeverymonth. B.Theyaresuitableforstudentsofallages.C.Theycanbeexperiencedmonthlythisyear. D.Theymakestudentsdecideonthefuturecareer.22.Forstudentsenjoyinghands-onactivitiesinGrade7,theymayprefer________.A.SciTechDays B.ExhibitExplorationsC.MakerWorkshops D.STEMAdventure23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toarousestudents'enthusiasmofscience.B.Torankthepopularactivitiesamongstudents.C.Tocallonstudentstoenrichtheirfreetime.D.ToattractstudentstoattendSTEMprograms.BDuringmyearlychildhoodyears,IwouldspendtimewithmydadinAlabama,fishingandhikingthroughthewoods.ThisiswhereIfoundmyfirstboxturtlecrossingabusyroad.Irescuedtheanimaloutofharm’sway.Withoutmoneyforafter-schoolprogramsandsports,Iwouldspendmysparetimecatchingcrawfish,frogs,andmakinghome-madefishingpoles.Iwouldcatchsmallfishputtheminbarrels,andusethemtocatchlargerfish,primarilysunfish,crappie,andcatfish.ImovedbacktoChicagointhe3rdgradeandbecamesaddenedthatIwasunabletoswimatlocalbeachesandeatfishthatwerecaughtfromLakeMichigan.WhenIstartedhavingbehavioralissuesinelementaryschool,myteacherswouldsendmetomyguidanceteacherDr.DeborahHawestodomathandscienceprojects.Iwouldintentionallydisrupt(扰乱)theclass,knowingthatIwouldgetsentdowntoherofficeforguidance.Dr.Haweswaspassionateaboutscienceandmath.Hergoalwastohelpeverystudentrealizetheimportanceofthesesubjects,andhowtheyrelatetoeverydayliving.Asaresult,shewasabletoconvincemetoparticipateinsciencefairprojectcompetitions.Surprisingly,Ididincrediblywellatthosecompetitionsandreceivednumerousawardsthroughoutthecityatlargercompetitions.Itwasafter8thgradethatDr.Hawesconvincedmetotransfertoanotherhighschoolwhichisfamousforitsagriculturalsciences.Thisbyfar,wasoneofthebestdecisionsIhaveevermadeinmylife.ItwaswhileattendingthishighschoolthatIbecameinterestedinthestudyofenvironmentalandanimalsciences.Mytimeherewaswhatstimulatedmyinterestinanimalscienceandconservationandmotivatedmetocontinuemyeducationinalocaltopuniversity,whereIwasawardedapartialscholarship.IcompletedaBachelorofSciencedegreeinAnimalSciencein2004.In2008,IearnedaMasterofSciencedegreewhileconductingresearchonturtlenests.Asagraduatestudentfrom2006to2008,Iguidedhighschoolandcollegestudentsbyhelpingthemdesignresearchprojectsfocusingonreptiles(爬行动物).In2009,IbecametheSavannaDistrictsfirst-everWildlifeBiologist.Iamstationedatoneofthemostvisitedrefuges(保护区)inthenation,whichattractsmillionsofhunters,fishermen,andotheroutdoorenthusiastsfromacrossthenation.24.Whatdoweknowaboutthewriter?A.Hegothisfirstboxturtleonthewayhome.B.Hefelttroubledbyhisbehavioralproblems.C.Heenjoyedtheoutdoortimeinearlychildhood.D.Herefusedtojoinafter-schoolactivitiesinAlabama.25.WhydidthewriterlikeDr.Hawes?A.Shefueledhispassionforscience. B.Shemadehimrealizetheimportanceofeducation.C.Shehelpedhimwinafullscholarship. D.Sheimprovedhisrelationshipwithotherteachers.26.Whichistherightorderoftheevents?a.Itransferredfrommyformerschool.b.Ihelpedstudentsdesignresearchprojects.c.IgottheBachelor'sDegreeinafamousuniversity.d.Iperformedwellinsciencefairprojectcompetitions.e.IbecametheSavannaDistrictsfirstWildlifeBiologist.A.adbce B.dabce C.adcbe D.dacbe27.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Interestisthebestteacher. B.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. D.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind.CIbetyourgrandparentsneverimaginedtheywouldseethedaywhentheycouldpluginacarlikealamp.Nomoresmellygasoline(汽油)!Nomorewastegasespollutingtheatmosphere!Onewaytoaddresstheclimatecrisis,wearetold,istoelectrifytransport.Thiswillremoveourdependenceonfossilfuelslikegasolinethatpollutetheatmosphereandtrapgreenhousegasesthatmakeourplanetwarmer.Currently,electricvehiclesmakeup2percentoftheglobalcarmarket.TheU.S.planstohaveatleasthalfofallvehiclessoldintheU.S.runcompletelyonelectricityby2035andstopmakinggas-poweredcarswithinthenext20years.However,electriccarsuse1-2kgofmagnets(磁体)topowerthemandeachofthesemagnetsusesspecialmaterials.Itturnsoutthatgettingtherequiredsuppliesisharderthanyouthink.Let’sfindoutwhy.Rareearthmetals(alsocalledRareEarthElementsorREEs)havestrongmagneticpropertiesthatmakethemidealforpoweringmanyofthedevicesweusetoday,suchassmartphones,computersandelectriccarbatteries.REEsaren’treallyrare,atleastnotinthewayyoumightthink.EventherarestREEis125timesmorecommonthangold!REEsare“rare”becausetheyaremostlyfoundonlyinsmallquantities.Generally,theyarefoundinarareigneousrock(火成岩)calledcarbonate(碳酸盐),whichcontains17minerals—whichmustallbeseparated.Theprocessishard,dirtyandcanbeveryexpensive.Keepinmind,however,thatproducingandprocessingaredifferentsteps.Producingistheactofminingmetals;processingistheactofseparatingtheminerals.ManycountriesminecarbonateincludingtheUnitedStates,Australia,BrazilandCanada.Chinaaloneproduces63percentofREEstoday,whichisdownfromahighof90percent!Chinanowcontrols85percentofREEsprocessing.ThatisbecausetheproducingcountriessendtheirREEstoChinaforprocessing.Electriccarsareincreasinginpopularitywithmanytraditionalcarcompaniesintroducingall-electricmodels.ThisswitchwillincreasethedemandforREEswhichispromptingcarcompaniestoworkdirectlywiththeminestosavecosts.Manypeoplestillhaveconcernsabouttheenvironmentaleffectsofincreasedmining.Thoughseveralcompaniesareworkingtogogreen,miningisknowntohaveahistorywithknowndangerssuchaspollutionandtheriskofdeadlyaccidents.Theminingofthesemetalsisevenknowntoproduceradioactive(放射性的)wastewater!Anewchapterinclimatehistoryispossibleifminingcanbedonesafely.Infewerthanahundredyears,mostcarsontheroadwilluseelectricityortwodifferenttypesofpower.Thetraditionalcars,harmfultotheenvironment,willbeathingofthepast.28.Whyisithardtogetrequiredsuppliesforelectriccars?A.Becausetheyarenotascommonasgold.B.Becausethestepofproducingisverydifficult.C.Becausetheyarealsousedinmanyotherfields.D.Becausetheyarehardtoseparatefromcarbonate.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.TherearemorecountriesprocessingREEsthanminingthem.B.Electriccarsmaygetmorewidelyusedifminingcanbesafer.C.CarcompaniesprefertoseekprofessionalteamstomineREEs.D.Electriccarsaccountforalmosthalfoftheglobalcarmarketnow.30.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheChallengesofElectricCars B.TheFutureofRareEarthMetalsC.TheHistoryofRareEarthMetals D.TheDevelopmentofElectricCarsDTheterm“metaverse(元宇宙)”isthelatestpopularwordtocatchthetechindustry’simagination.NealStephensoncoinedthisterminhisnovelSnowCrash:“Inthelingo,thisimaginaryplaceisknownasthemetaverse.Hirospendsalotoftimeinthemetaverse.”Initscurrentmeaning,itgenerallyreferstotheconceptofaworldofendless,interconnectedvirtualcommunitieswherepeoplegathertosocialize,playandwork,usingVRheadsets,ARglasses,smartphoneappsorotherdevices.Itisa“virtualenvironment”youcangoinsideof—insteadofjustlookingatonascreen.Italsocouldbeagame-changerforthework-from-homeshiftduringtheCOVID-19epidemic.Insteadofseeingco-workersonavideocall,employeescouldjointheminavirtualoffice.Abigreasonwhymetaverseispopularwithyoungpeopleisthemorerealgamingexperience.Gamerswillfeelthattheythemselvesareplayinginanalternateworldratherthancontrollingagamecharacter.Thiscreatesareal-timeexperienceforalltheplayers.Inaddition,ithasmorefar-reachingsignificance.Someadvocatesbelievethatblockchain(区域链)technologyanddecentralized(分散式的)appswillbethekeystounlockingthenextbigstepforwardfortheWeb:themetaverse,aplacewhereAR,VR,next-generationdatanetworksanddecentralizedfinancingandpaymentsystemscontributetoamorerealisticdigitalworldwherepeoplecansocialize,workandtradedigitalgoods.Itisknownthatmanyproductsneedtobetestedanditcostsalot.Withmetaverse,thevariablesandenvironmentcanbechangedwithinthedigitalworldtoobtainmorecomprehensiveresultsandthenewproductwillbetestedwithminimumcost.Inthemedicalfield,usingmetaversepatientsjustdonothaveanyneedtovisitdoctorsphysically.Theycanjustinteractwiththemfacetofaceinreal-timeinthedigitalworld.Additionally,thenewcomertomedicinecanlearnandpracticeinsidethealternateworldbygainingexperiencebeforetheycantakeonreal-worldtasks.MetaversebringsmanynewandadvancedtechnologiessuchasVRheadsets,blockchainandotherrequirements.However,everyindividualonthisplanetdoesnothaveaccesstoadvancedtechnologies.Forexample,fastInternetconnectivityisoneofthemandatory(强制性的)requirementsforparticipatinginthemetaverse.MajorityofpeopleworldwidecannotaccessfastInternetandcannotcapitalizeonthefullpotentialofthemetaverse.Furthermore,withtheobjectiveofintroducingimmersiveexperiencestousers,themetaversemakesthegapbetweenrealandvirtualworldslessclear.Italsobringsthepossibilitiesofinfluencingthewaysinwhichpeopleperceiverealrelationshipsandinteractions.Despitethearguing,metaverseisanewwindfallforthefuturedevelopmentoftheInternet.Thecompaniescanseizetheopportunitythatthemetaversepresentstoconnectwithaudiencesinwaysthatwereneverpossiblebeforeandprovideexcitingandmemorablebrandexperiences.31.TheauthormentionsNealStephenson’snoveltoshow________.A.theeffectofmetaverse B.theoriginofmetaverseC.thedefinitionofmetaverse D.thepopularityofmetaverse32.WhatisthepurposeofParagraph4?A.Toshowthepotentialofthemetaverse.B.Tostatethelimitationsoftheuseofmetaverse.C.Tointroducenewandadvancedtechnologies.D.Toteachhowtohaveaccesstoadvancedtechnologies.33.Whatcanweinferaboutmetaverse?A.Ithelpspeopledeveloprealrelationshipsandinteractions.B.Itprovidescheaperlaborcosttomakeproducttestingeasier.C.Itcanbeacceptedinmedicalfieldforitshelptodoctorsandpatients.D.Itiswelcomedbecausepeopleprefertocontrolacharacterinagame.34.Whatisauthor’sattitudetowardsmetaverse?A.Neutral. B.Approved. C.Opposed. D.Doubtful.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑，选项中有两项为多余选项。Thetelevisionthismorningwasdisplayingsomenewadventuremovieaboutthehuntforatreasureshipfullofgold.___35___Mostofmaincharactershavethedreamofbecominganovernightmillionaire.LaterinthedayIwasatthegasstationinlinetopayforafillingupmycarwhentheguyinfrontofmetradedahandfulofcashforahandfulofhopeintheformofLottotickets.Wheredidthisdesirefortreasurecomefrom?IknowImyselfamguiltyofit.AsaboyIwouldwalkinthewoodsanddaydreamoffindingburiedtreasurethere.ThenasanadultIwouldfantasizeaboutsomeunknownrelativeleavingmeafortuneorofmytwoself-publishedbooksbecomingbestsellers.___36___However,whenIseealltherichandfamouspeopleontelevisionIcanseethattheyaren’tthathappyandthattheyhavetheirownuniquesetofproblems.___37___Therereallyisatruetreasureouttherethatwillmakeourlivessomuchbetterandthemostamazingthingofallisthistreasureisabsolutelyfree.Thistreasureislove.Thereissomuchlovearoundusandwhenweinvitetheloveintoourheartsandliveswebecomerich,ourdaysarefilledwithsmiles,andourlivesarefullofjoy.Whenwehaveloveinsideus,theproblemsofthislifelosetheirpoweroverus.___38___Thenhowshallwelookfortreasure?Thetruetreasureoflifeisalreadyinsideofyou.___39___Andthefunnythingisthatthemoreyoushareitwithothers,themoreofityouhavewithinyourself.Embraceloveforyouthen.Shareitwiththeworld.Itisatreasurethatdoesnotdecayordisappear.Itisatreasurethatlastsforever.A.Whileourlivesmaynotbeperfect,wearehappy.B.Youjustneedtoopenthechestandspenditlikecrazy.C.Itdoesn’tnecessarilymeanweneedtodigholestofindtreasure.D.Maybetherealproblemisthatwearealllookingforthewrongtreasure.E.ItremindedmeofalltheothermoviesjustlikeitIhadseenovertheyears.F.Treasureisusuallydefinedasgatheredwealthintheformofmoneyorjewels.G.Perhapswealljustthinkthathavingalotofmoneywillsolveallofourproblems.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。AReflectionaboutChangeChangecanbeexcitingandhard.Itisalsoafactoflifeintheworldofeducation.Iamalibrarianatahighschool.Ihaveworkedasalibrarianforthepastelevenyears.Thisyearmyschoolisgoingthroughatremendoustransition.Thereisanewschoolbuildingbeingconstructedwithamid-yearmoveplanned.Additionally,duetosomerestructuring,Iamworkingwithanewteachingpartnerandtwonewgradelevels.Thisisallincrediblyexcitingbutalsobringsalevelofuncertaintytoo.Icouldlookatthisinanegativeway,butinstead,Iamgoingtofocusontheupsidetothistransition.SohereIsharesomewaysIamembracingthischange.Workingwithteachers,thatIhavenothadanopportunitytoworkwithbefore,will