广东省惠州市汝湖中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析

广东省惠州市汝湖中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试题含解析一、选择题1.Doingyourhomeworkisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisespeciallytrue___itcomestoclassroomtests.A.before

B.since

C.when

D.after参考答案：C2._____theScottish，WelshandIrishassociationsareopposedtoisaBritishteamtakingpartinthe2012OlympicsinLondon.A.That

B.As

C.What

D.Whether参考答案：C3.Something________wrongwiththecar,andit________notstart.

A.being;could

B.going;should

C.was;might

D.went;would

参考答案：D解析：两句之间有and，前面应该用完整的句子结构；would／willnot可表示无可奈何的感觉，“偏不，就是不”。

4.—WillyoubeabletoseeJennifer’sparentswhenthefirstclassisover?

—I’mafraidnot.I_______alectureonBritishliteratureinthehallthen.A.willattend B.amattending

C.willbeattending D.amgoingtoattend参考答案：C5.Footballfansarealwaysarguingoverthose______goalsintheWorldCup.A．confidential

B．controversialC．contemporary

D．contradictory参考答案：B考查形容词辨析。A“机密的”；B“有争议的”；C“当代的”；D“矛盾的”。句意“足球球迷们总是因这些有争议的得分而争吵。”故选B。6.26．Todaythepublicismuchconcernedabouttheway_______．

A．natureisbeingruined

B．whichnatureisruined

C．onwhichtoruinnature

D．ofnaturetoberuined参考答案：A略7.Acurveisaline______nopartisstraightandwhichhasnoangle.A.that

B.whose

C.inwhich

D.ofwhich参考答案：D8.

Thestudentscarryingbookscomeinfirst,___________?

A.don'tyou

B.don'tthey

C.willthey

D.willyou参考答案：D9.________intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.

A．Whatisrequired

B．Whatrequires

C．ItisrequiredD．Itrequires参考答案：C略10.—Ihaveafavourtoaskofyou. —______. A.Goahead

B.It’sapleasure

C.Helpyourself

D.Ask,please参考答案：A.略11.ThehospitalinHarbinisalready______ofshockingmistreatment,asa74-year-oldmandiedofheartfailure,after67daysoftreatmentwhichcostthefamily5.5millionyuan.A.acquired

B.charged

C.accused

D.punished参考答案：C12.Maryonlyseemscold；

yougettoknowher,sheisnice.

A．but

B．once

C．until

D．since参考答案：B13.Shewasputintoprisonbecauseshe_____statesecretstotheenemy.

A.gaveup

B.gaveout

C.gavein

D.gaveaway参考答案：D14.Hardworkisno

ofanexcellentschoolrecord．Youhavetoadoptaflexibleapproachtoyourlearning．A．guarantee

B．connection

C．permission

D．consequence参考答案：A略15.—DidZhouLibosayanythingthat_____youinMrZhouLiveShow?

—Notreally.ActuallyIsleptthroughhisperformance.A.adaptedto

B.attachedto

C.referredto

D.appealedto参考答案：D16.I’dliketofindajob,___whereIcandosomethingseriousbutinteresting.A.theone

B.one

C.which

D.that参考答案：B二、新的题型17.阅读下面短文并回答问题，然后将答案写到答题卡指定的位置上（请注意问题后的词数要求）。

NewYorkCityhaslotsandlotsofbuildings,andmanypeoplelivethere-almost8millionpeople!Humanbeingstakealotofthingsfromtheearth,andtheyalsoputalotofthingsbackintoit,includingthingsthatpollutetheairoruseupnaturalresources．

“Eco－friendly,,"or"green"buildingsinNewYorkCityaregoodfortheenvironment．“Green”livinghelpssavenaturalresources,makestheaircleaner,andhelpsusbreathebetter．

Wespendabout90percentofourdayindoors,wheretheairqualitycanactuallybemuchworsethanitisoutside．

Certainbuildingshavemoreaccesstonaturaldaylight,appliancesthatuselessenergy,andencouragepeopletouseenvironmentallyfriendlypractices．Greenbuildingsgivethepeoplewholiveinthemcleanerairtobreathe,andsomeevenhavesensorsthatturnlightsonandoffwhenyouwalkintoorleavearoom．Thebuildingsalsocaptureandreuserainwater．

TheAlbaneseOrganizationbuiltthefirstgreenresidentialbuildinginNorthAmericain2003．ItiscalledtheSolaire,andislocatedinBatteryParkCity．Now,in2013,theyarebuildinganothernewgreenbuildinginBatteryParkCitycalledtheVisionaire,whichissoenvironmentallyfriendlythatitisbeingcalledAmerica's“greenest"high－risebuilding．Thebuildingpurifiesandreuseswater,using50%lesswaterthanatypicalhigh－risebuilding．Someofthebuilding'selectricityispoweredbythesun,andthefreshairisfilteredtotakepollutantsout．Thebuildingsthemselveswereallbuiltusingrecycledmaterialsfromotherconstructionprojects,sothatthosematerialsdonotjustendupinagarbageclump．Itcostsmoreforcompaniestomakethesebuildings,sothepeoplewholiveinthemhavetopaymore,too.Butreducedenergybillshelpyousavemoney．Andifyouhaveallergies（过敏）,youmayendupsavingondoctors'bills,too,sincethesebuildingsarehealthiertolivein．“Ihaveahistoryofasthma（哮喘）andhypersensitivity(高度过敏)toodorsandallergensintheair,"saidaVisionaireresident,RodMcCowan,52．“Theairiscrispandpure．IcantellI'mbreathingbetter．"56．Whatkindoflifedoestheauthorsuggestinthis,passage?(nomorethan2words）57．WhatdoestheAlbaneseOrganizationspecializein?（nomorethan6words）58．HowdoestheVisionairesavewater?（nomorethan5words）59．Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?

（nomorethan6words）60．Whydoestheauthorsay"green"buildingsarehealthieraccordingtothelasttwoparagraphs?（nomorethan9words）参考答案：56.Greenliving.57.Itspecializesinbuildinggreenbuildings.58.Itpurifiesandreuseswater.∕Bypurifyingandreusingwater.59.Green∕Eco-friendlybuildingsinNewYorkCity.60.Becausetheyhavecrispandpureairinthem.∕Becausetheairinthemiscrispandpure.解析：56.Greenliving.根据第二段第二句“Green”livinghelpssavenaturalresources,

makestheaircleaner,

andhelpsusbreathebetter．57.Itspecializesinbuildinggreenbuildings.根据第五段的第一句TheAlbaneseOrganizationbuiltthefirstgreenresidentialbuildinginNorthAmericain2003．抓住核心词语builtthefirstgreenresidentialbuilding。然后按照要求保留关键信息builtgreenbuildings.58.Itpurifiesandreuseswater./Bypurifyingandreusingwater.根据第六段第一句Thebuildingpurifiesandreuseswater,using50%lesswaterthanatypicalhigh－risebuilding．59.Green/Eco-friendlybuildingsinNewYorkCity.根据第二段第一句“Eco－friendly,,"or"green"buildingsinNewYorkCityaregoodfortheenvironment．可知文章主要谈论了纽约的环保型建筑。60.Becausetheyhavecrispandpureairinthem./Becausetheairinthemiscrispandpure.根据最后一句“Theairiscrispandpure．IcantellI'mbreathingbetter．"三、阅读理解18.DNAleftatacrimescenecouldbeusedinthefuturetobuildupapictureofanoffender’sface,itwasrevealedtonight.AfirststeptowardsgeneticmugshotshasbeentakenbyresearchersintheUSwholinkspecificDNAmarkerswithfaceshape.Toidentifythegenes,theyfocusedonknownmutations(突变)thatcausechangesofthefaceandhead.Normalversionsofthesegeneswerefoundtoinfluenceindividualfeatures.

Forinstance,onegeneaffectedthelips,anothertheshapeandconfigurationofbonesaroundtheeyes,andathirdtheappearanceofthemid-faceandskull.Intotal,20geneshad“significanteffects”onfacialappearance.LeadscientistProfessorMarkShriver,fromPennsylvaniaStateUniversity,said:“WeuseDNAtomatchtoanindividualoridentifyanindividual,butyoucangetsomuchmorefromDNA.Currentlywecan’tgofromDNAtoaface,orfromafacetoDNA,butitshouldbepossible.”Theimplicationsarefarreaching,raisingthepossibilityofcreatingadatabankoffacialtypesbasedongeneticmarkers.DNAfromacrimescenecouldthenbeusedtoproducearoughimageofthefaceofanoffenderorvictim.Suchgeneticmugshotsmaybemorereliablethancomputer-generated“e-fits”basedonwitnesses’recollections.Otherusesofthetechniquemightincludeprovingtheidentityoffathersinpaternitycases,orvisualisingourremoteancestorsfromfossilDNA.ThescientistswroteintheonlinejournalPublicLibraryofScienceGenetics:“Suchpredictivemodellingcouldbeforensicallyuseful;forexample,DNAleftatcrimescenescouldbetestedandfacespredictedinordertohelptonarrowthepoolofpotentialsuspects.Further,ourmethodscouldbeusedtopredictthefacialfeaturesofdescendants,deceasedancestors,andevenextincthumanspecies.Inaddition,thesemethodscouldprovetobeusefuldiagnostictools.”TheteamdevelopedamodelwhichfirstestablishedarangeofphysicalfaceshapesfrompeopleofmixedWestAfricanandEuropeanancestryfromtheUS,BrazilandCapeVerde.Measurementsweretakenofthousandsofpointco-ordinatesongridsplacedover3Dimagesofthefaces.Statisticalmethodswerethenusedtodeterminetherelationshipbetweenfacialdifferencesandtheeffectsofgender,ethnicancestryandindividualgenevariants.59.Theunderlinedword“mugshots”inthesecondparagraphmostprobablymeans_________.A.differentfaces B.characteristics C.picturesoffaces D.genders60.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.DNAhasbeenusedtobuildupapictureofanoffender’sface.B.ItmaybemucheasiertocatchcriminalswiththehelpofDNA.C.Inall,20geneshad“significanteffects”onfacialappearance.D.Onegenecanaffectmorethanonepartofyourface.61.AccordingtoProfessorMarkShriver,weknow________