2023年北京化工研究院考研英语练习题100道（附答案解析）

年北京化工研究院考研英语练习题100道（附答案解析）

第1题【单选题】Thedeclineinmoralstandards,whichhaslongconcernedsocialanalysts,hasatlast________theattentionofaverageAmericans.A、clarifiedB、cultivatedC、characterizedD、captured【正确答案】D【答案解析】本题的四个选项意思各不相同，但能与题句空格后的名词attention搭配并符合题意的只有一个。capture“捕获，吸引（注意力）”。根据题意，正确答案应选D。第2题【单选题】Ican’tgetmycar________oncoldmornings,soIhavetotry________theradiatorwithsomehotwater.A、run;tofillB、running;fillingC、running;tofillD、ran;filling【正确答案】B【答案解析】getmycarrunning意为“使我的车发动起来”;trydoing表示“试一试做某事的办法”;trytodo意为“努力去做某事”。第3题【单选题】Shelookssad.Couldyoupleasetellme_____thatpreventsherfrombeingashappyasbefore?A、whatitisB、itiswhatC、howitisD、itishow【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。强调句型的特殊疑问句为“疑问词＋is+that/who从句”，同时这个疑问句作tellme的宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，故用whatitis。本句意为“你能告诉我是什么事阻止了她像以前快乐吗？”第4题【单选题】Don'tinvolveotherpeople_______yourtrouble.A、inB、againstC、toD、for【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：别把别人牵涉进你的麻烦中去。involvesbinsth：把某人卷入…中，答案选A。第5题【单选题】Secondaryschoolhaditsownshareofchallenges.Iwasatallkidandwasn'tgoodatanysport,exceptlooking.Ilovedbasketballandtennis.ThefirstdayIheldaracket,andIwasdisgracedbymyopponent.HewonsixstraightsetswithoutsweatandthereIwas,sweatingbadlylikeI'drunamarathon,whereasIhadn’tevenmadeasinglepoint.Stanleywasdisgracedbyhisclassmateina___________.A、basketballgameB、tennisgameC、marathongameD、footballgame【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解和事实细节题。通过关键词disgrace，考生可迅速定位至本段，再通过本段的关键词racket，可以判定正确答案是网球比赛。第6题【单选题】Ifyoukeepon,you’llsucceed______wishyousuccessintheexaminations.A、intimeB、atonetimeC、forthesametimeD、sometimes【正确答案】A【答案解析】intime意为“soonerorlater”即“早晚，终究”。intime另一个意思是及时。第7题【单选题】Wateris[absent]inthisarea.A、ampleB、assiduousC、affluentD、deficient【正确答案】D【答案解析】[absent]缺少的；deficient不足的；有缺陷的；不充分的。第8题【单选题】He’sunlucky,andhe’salwayssuffering______luckoneafteranother.A、asickB、anillC、sickD、ill【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中的名词有可数与不可数之分，luck是不可数名词，用来修饰贬义的luck形容词有bad，poor或ill，这时ill的词义是：不好的。第9题【单选题】Shortlyaftertheaccident,two______policeweresenttothespottokeeporder.A、dozensofB、dozensC、dozenofD、dozen【正确答案】D【答案解析】英语中一些表示数字的名词的前面如果用了数词，这些名词必须是单数形式，如dozen(一打)，score(二十)和head(头)等。但是如果这些名词用来指某些可数名词时，这些名词呈复数形式，其后应加上介词of。第10题【单选题】—Whatdoyouthinkofthemanagerofyourcompany?—Oh,heis______managerwho’spleasanttoworkwith.It’s______pleasuretoworkwithhim.A、the,aB、a,aC、a,theD、不填,a【正确答案】B【答案解析】前半句表示“他是那种很好共事的人”，两空均用不定冠词。第11题【单选题】Thetall,well-dressedgentlemanstandingbeforemewascertainlyafarcryfromtheoldseawolfofmyimagination.A、站在我面前的这位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，当然是像我想象中的老海狼发出的一声遥远的呼唤了。B、一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生站在我面前，发出的一声遥远的呼唤，像我想象中的老海狼。C、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我先前想象的老海怪完全不同。D、站在我面前的是一位身材高大、衣着讲究的先生，与我想象中的老海怪一样发出了长长的叫声。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。“standingbeforeme”是现在分词短语，作定语，修辞“gentleman”，译成汉语可放在句首。“afarcryfromsth/doingsth”是习语，意思是：averydifferentexperiencefromsth/doingsth与某事物[做某事物]大不相同。“wolf”是狼的意思，“seawolf”在这里是指海员，海员因长期在海上航行，在常人眼里有点怪异，译作“海怪”比较贴切。第12题【单选题】Whatmight_____forthisstrangephenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第13题【单选题】Thecountrywasaplacewheremenworkedfromdawntodark,andthelabourerlivednotinthesun,butinpovertyanddarkness.A、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者并不是沐浴在阳光下，而是生活在贫困和黑暗之中。B、在农村，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫困和黑暗。C、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是生活在阳光下，而是挣扎在贫穷和黑暗之中。D、在这个国家，人们从早到晚都得干活，劳动者不是沐浴在阳光下，而是贫穷和黑暗。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题考查的知识点为理解原意。有些很普通的词语，我们很熟悉，一见到，便首先想到他们最基本的含义或最常见的含义。在此题中，“country”并不是“国家”，而是指“农村”。第14题【单选题】ThewesternmediawasastonishedtoseethatChina’sGDP________byalmost40%justintwoyears’time.A、flourishedB、floatedC、soaredD、roared【正确答案】C【答案解析】soar“高涨，猛增”。根据题意，正确答案应选C。第15题【单选题】Thegroupdoesnot[advocate]theuseofviolence.A、supportB、matterC、suitD、reach【正确答案】A【答案解析】[advocate]提倡，主张，拥护；support支持，支撑，支援。第16题【单选题】Attwenty-two,hehadfirstlearnedwhatitistoaNegro.A、他22岁时，生平第一次尝到了对待黑人的滋味。B、他22岁时，生平第一次懂得了如何做一个黑人。C、他22岁时，生平第一次知道了黑人意味着什么。D、他22岁时，生平第一次知道是如何对待黑人的。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。本题解题的关键是whatitistoaNegro，表示的意思是：对待黑人的滋味。第17题【单选题】Egypt,wrotetheGreekhistorianHecataeus,isthegiftoftheNile.A、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及是尼罗河送来的礼物。B、埃及，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：是尼罗河的礼物。C、埃及是尼罗河的礼物，希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道。D、希腊历史学家赫卡泰奥斯写道：埃及，礼物来自尼罗河。【正确答案】A【答案解析】wrotetheGreekhistorianHecataeus是插入语，为使译文通顺易懂，把插入语处理成主句形式，其余部分作其宾语从句。第18题【单选题】Tomwasseriouslyill.________hewasabsentfromschool.A、HewasbecauseB、ThatwaswhyC、ThatwasbecauseD、Thatwasthat【正确答案】B【答案解析】在这个题目中，后半部分讲的是结果，“这就是他为什么缺席”，所以在这里我们要选择答案B。第19题【单选题】Ontheafternoonofthateventfulday,Istoodontheporch,dumb,expectant.A、那是一个多事的下午，我怀着期待的心情，一声不响地站在门廊里。B、在那个多变故的下午，我怀着期待的心情，一声不响地站在门廊里。C、在那个有重要意义的下午，我一声不响，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里。D、那是一个有事的下午，我一声不响，怀着期待的心情站在门廊里【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本题考查的知识点为理解原意。一个词往往有许多意思，在不同的场合意思不同。eventful在这里应译作“有重要意义的”；dumb在这里不是强调她不能说话，而是说她没有说什么，所以译作“一声不响”；expectant在汉语里很难找到相应的形容词，所以译作“怀着期待的心情”，用作状语。第20题【单选题】Beltsofparklandslinethreesidesoftheareaandfourlargeopensquaresoflawnsandtreesbreaktheregularityofthecitybuildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第21题【单选题】Whilewecannotclosethegulfbetweenus,wecantrytobridgeitsothatwemaybeabletotalkacrossit.A、当我们无法弥合我们之间的鸿沟时，我们可以搭一座桥，以便越过它进行会谈。B、在我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟时，我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈。C、虽然我们不能弥合双方之间的鸿沟，我们却能够设法搭一座桥，以便我们能够越过它进行会谈。D、虽然我们可以修一座桥，为的是能够进行会谈，但我们却无法弥合双方之间的鸿沟。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。本句虽然用了连词while，但分句与主句之间是一种让步关系，因此while可译为“虽然”。此句中的bridge用作动词，这是一种形象的说法，译为“搭一座桥”。第22题【单选题】UsedtoTVshows,manypeopledonothavethe______toreadabookthatrequiresthinking.A、courageB、wisdomC、patienceD、freedom【正确答案】C【答案解析】考查名词。havethepatiencetodosomething表示有耐心做某事。第23题【单选题】Giveitto________youthinkcandotheworkwell.A、whothatB、whoeverC、whomeverD、whom【正确答案】B【答案解析】whomever与whoever的区别在于前者只能作宾语，后者可以做主语或宾语。第24题【单选题】Actuallyindustrycanv[ary]agooddealoverthecenturies.A、alterB、improveC、alertD、perish【正确答案】A【答案解析】v[ary]改变；improve改善，增进；提高…的价值。第25题【单选题】—IfIhadn’tbeencaughtintheheavyrain,Icouldhavebeenbackby7o’clock.—Whatapity!Stella______heretoseeyou.A、isB、wasC、wouldbeD、hasbeen【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查动词时态。题干对话中第一句表达与过去事实相反的假设，第二句陈述的是过去的事实。第26题【单选题】Whenyouareachildofthemountainsyourself,youreallybelongtothem.Youneedthem.A、你自己如果是大山之子，你就会属于它们。你需要它们。B、你要是在山里长大的，你就对山有感情，你就离不开它。C、你要是亲自在山里长大，就会对山有归属感，就离不开它。D、当你自己是一个山里孩子的时候，你就真正属于它们并需要它们。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为理解原意。在特定的上下文里，理解一个词或一个短语的含义，往往不仅要靠语言知识，有时还要靠你的社会历史知识，甚至还要靠发挥一点想象力。achildofthemountains应译为“山里长大的”；belongtothem译为“对山有感情”。第27题【单选题】Thenumberofpeopleinvited________fifty,butanumberofthem________absentfordifferentreasons.A、were,wasB、was,wasC、was,wereD、were,were【正确答案】C【答案解析】Thenumberof：…的数目。视作单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。anumberof：许多的。所以它后面的谓语动词用复数形式。所以答案选C。第28题【单选题】Thereisalotofluckindrillingforoil.A、以钻探的方法找石油有很大的偶然性。B、以钻探的方法找石油全靠运气了。C、钻探石油有很大的偶然性。D、钻探石油是很幸运的事。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。drillingforoil表示“钻探石油”；alotofluck本意表示的是“运气”，在本句中可以翻译为“偶然性”。第29题【单选题】Thatconsciousnessisbeingtransformedinto________.A、actionB、actC、deedD、activity【正确答案】A【答案解析】句意：那种觉悟正被转化成行动。action意为“行为，行动”，不作具体强调；act意为“所做的事，行为”，指比较具体的行为；deed意为“行为，功绩”，强调与语言相对应；activity意为“活动”，指具体化的行动。第30题【单选题】Althoughtheresearchershaveonlyjustmadethetechnicaldetailsofthemicroscopepublic,itisalreadyonsale.Itiscurrentlythesizeofarefrigeratorandtakesseveralminutestoscanacircuit,butXiaoandSchragareworking________.A、totaketinychipswerequireB、tomakingchipsanysmallerC、toshrinkittothesizeofadesktopcomputerandcutthescanningtimeto30secondsD、ofconductingelectricity【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。这部分所说的体积的减小和所需时间的缩短恰好与前半句中提到的冰箱大小的体积和所需数分钟的时间形成了对比。即：目前它大约像冰箱那么大，而且要用几分钟扫描一个电路，但是他们正在努力使它缩小到台式计算机那么大，把扫描时间缩短到30秒。第31题【单选题】Thefloodwentdown,leavingthevillage________destroyed.A、mainlyB、completelyC、exactlyD、thoroughly【正确答案】B【答案解析】mainly主要的。completely完全的（强调整体性）。thoroughly彻底的（强调无疏漏）。第32题【单选题】Iwashalfwaybacktothehospitalwherethedoctorwasworking______Susancaughtupwithme.A、whenB、whileC、untilD、though【正确答案】A【答案解析】考查状语从句辨析。本句考查时间状语从句，while后接延续性动词，而catchupwith为瞬间动词，所以排除while。第33题【单选题】Heisnotsuchaman________wouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A、thatB、whichC、whoD、as【正确答案】D【答案解析】as引导定语从句时通常构成such…as或thesame…as固定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。第34题【单选题】DuringthesepastfewyearsIusedAssociatedContenttotrywriting.Ifoundwritingforthatsitewasnotmycupoftea.However,myexperiencetherewaspositiveasIwasrewardedwithevenmorelearningopportunitiesjustbydippingmytoesintothewater.ThroughAssociatedContentIwasintroducedtotheworldofblogging.Idecidedtolearnhowtosetupablogmyself.NowI’minterestedinbloggingandcontinuetoworkasawriter.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofusingthesiteAssociatedContent?A、TowriteforthesiteYahoo!ContributorNetwork.B、Toknowmoreaboutotherwriters.C、Tohaveoneofhisarticlespublished.D、Tobecomeanetworkwriter.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的Idecidedtolearnhowtosetupablogmyself.NowI’minterestedinbloggingandcontinuetoworkasawriter确定D答案。A选项是作者偶然获得的结果，并非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的目的；C选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第35题【单选题】Wehaveto[modify]ourplanalittlebit.A、reduceB、sufferC、adjustD、utilize【正确答案】C【答案解析】[modify]修改，修饰；更改；adjust调整，使…适合。第36题【单选题】InthespiritoffranknesswhichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek,letusrecognizeattheoutsetthesepoints.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。whichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek限制性定语从句，修饰frankness。Ihope是定语从句中的插入语。Inthespiritof：本着…的精神。attheoutset：在开始的时候。第37题【单选题】Theexhibitionofpoorsportsmanship________asenseofdisgustinallwhowitnessedit.A、roseB、aroseC、arousedD、raised【正确答案】C【答案解析】同源动词辨析首先区分一下词性，A、B两词为不及物动词，C、D两词为及物动词。再区分各词的词义：A)rose“升起，起来；起床，上升，上涨”；B)arose“出现，产生，起来”；C)aroused“激起，引起”；D)raised“抬起，举起，提高；筹(钱)；抚养”。第38题【单选题】Whatmight_____forthisstrangephenomenon?A、fairB、extremeC、equalD、account【正确答案】D【答案解析】account解释。第39题【单选题】Thistelevisionprogramprovokedaspirited[debate]intheUnitedKingdom.A、disputeB、issueC、lumpD、prejudice【正确答案】A【答案解析】[debate]辩论；辩论会；dispute辩论；争吵。第40题【单选题】Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.Theword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething______.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题。本段第1句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生活中还是在教堂中，早期的生活时刻都在提醒着人们痛苦的存在(surroundedbyremindersofmisery)。段落最后一句话：givenallthis,theydidnotneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.此题的解题关键在于是否能理解该段属于总分总结构，除第1句和最后一句外，其他内容属于论据内容，因此this指的是段首句内容，“在这种情况下，人们不需要艺术也成为一个bummer”，由此可知，bummer也可作为痛苦的提示，只有B符合要求。第41题【单选题】—Willyougohometomorrowevening?—No,Iamgoingtoalecture,oratleastIamplanning_____.A、soB、toC、itD、that【正确答案】B【答案解析】考查省略。用不定式符号to代替个不定式togotoalecture。第42题【单选题】ShehadcometoEnglandto[pursue]anactingcareer.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】[pursue]继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第43题【单选题】________menhavelearnedmuchfromthebehaviourofanimalsishardlynew.A、ThatB、WhetherC、WhereD、When【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案为A，是由that引导的主语从句。第44题【单选题】Iftheywantto_____,that’sfinewithme.A、integrateB、sustainC、pressureD、license【正确答案】A【答案解析】integrate求积分；取消隔离；成为一体。第45题【单选题】TheISUwon’tfinallyapprovethenewsystemuntilitmeetsinJunebutalreadyUKSport,theBritishGovernment’ssportsbody,hasexpressedreservations."Iremaintobeconvincedthattherandomselectionsystemwouldoffertheguaranteesthateveryoneconcernedwithethicalsportislookingfor",saysJerryBingham,UKSport’sheadofethics.TheattitudeofthoseconcernedintheUKtothenewrulesproposedbyISUcanbebestdescribedas_______.A、indifferent.B、reserved.C、enthusiastic.D、positive.【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。根据本段第一句话可知英国对他们提出的新规则是持保留态度的。第46题【单选题】"Scientificconservatismsuggeststhatabiologicalexplanationshouldbethelastchoiceafterallnon-biologicalexplanationsareaddressed,"Allensaid."Wehavealotofworktodotoruleoutpossiblenon-biologicalexplanations.Itismorelikelythatachemicalprocess,withoutbiology,canexplaintheseresults."WhatcanbeinferredfromwhatAllensaid?A、ScientistshavedifferentargumentsoverwhetherthereislifeonTitan.B、ScientistsallagreethatthereislifeonTitan.C、Scientistsallsuggestthatabiologicalexplanationisreasonable.D、Scientistsallagreethatanon-biologicalchemicalreactionisapossibleexplanation.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。推理判断题。答题原则：和原文完全一样的选项肯定不是答案，推理判断题是对现象的推断。题目中有绝对词语allmusteverymerelyhavetobarelyonly一般是错误的，排除BCD.根据Scientificconservatismsuggeststhatabiologicalexplanationshouldbethelastchoiceafterallnon-biologicalexplanationsareaddressed。推断出科学家就Titan上是否有生命的问题观点不同，与A一致。得到答案A。第47题Directions：Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutguncontrol．ChoosethemostsuitableheadingfromthelistA—Fforeachnumberedparagraph(1—5)．Thefirstandlastparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered．Thereisoneextraheadingwhichyoudonotneedtouse．MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEETl．(10points)[A]Variousdefinitionsoflaw—abidingcitizens[B]Contrastiveproof：historicalvs．realistic[C]Personalclaimforguncontrol[D]N02Amendment[E]Supportersforguncontrol[F]AssumptionproposedWiththepossibleexceptionofabortion，noothercurrentissuehassplitthecountryintotwolikethedebatesurroundingguncontrol．Bothsidesareequallyadamant．Thepro-gunside，asrepresentedbytheNationalRifleAssociation(NRA)，continuestoopposeallguncontrolmeasuresprimarilyonthegroundsthatanylawrestrictinggunownershipisunconstitutional．1．___________Proponentsofguncontrolarguethatgunviolenceisanepidemicoutofcontrolacrossthecountry，andcallonfederallawmakerstostemtheflowofbloodwithanti-gunlegislation．Thissidewonacrucialbattleinthedebatetwoyearsagowiththepassageofthesocalled“BradyBill,”Federallegislationthatbannedtheproductionandsaleofsomesemiautomaticriflesandinitiatedawaitingperiodandbackgroundcheckforgunbuyers.However,morerecentlythannowRepublican-controlledCongress，withthebackingoftheNRA，hasreignitedthatbattlewithplanstorepealtheBradyBill．2．____________ThesecondamendmenttotheconstitutionguaranteesAmericanstherighttokeepandbeararmswithoutgovernmentinterference．Guncontroladvocatesseemreadyandeagertodisregardthisfightwhichiscurrentlybeingexercisedby70mil1onAmericans．3.____________Ibelievethatthegovernment’sstruggletokeepgunsoutofthehandofjuvenilesandcriminalsisaworthyone,butwhenitcomestounconstitutionalinterrogationthenit’ssettingoutofcontrol．Thegovernmentiscurrentlytryingtoimplementlawsthatwillkeepweaponsoutofthehandsofeveryone．ThepeopleoncapitalhillsaythattheywantasaferAmerica，theywanttheyouthofAmericatogrowupinacaringnon-violentenvironment,yetalltheyreallywantisamoreproductivebestinitsclassnation．4．___________HistoryprovesthatCriminalbehaviorcannotbecontrolledbythegovernmentattemptingtoregulateinanimateobjects.Inotherwords，criminalswillalwaysfindawaytogetaholdofdrugs，guns．Proof：drugsmaybeillegalyetwestillhaveoneheckofaproblemwiththem；thus，ifgunsofsomesortaremadeillegalthen，wewillprobablyendupwithoneheckofagunproblem．Ibelievethatitsnotthattheyneedagunorthinkit’scool,Ithinkitisjustthethrillofbreakingthelawandrebelling．5.___________Takeintoconsiderationthishypothesis：punishmentshouldbeasortof“aftermarket"typedeal，whereyoushouldnotbepunishedforhavingagun．Thepunishmentshouldbeoverlysevereforusingaguninanimpropermanner．Peopleshouldnotfearguns；theyshouldfearusingagun.【正确答案】1--5EDCBF【答案解析】1．【答案】E【解析】此文章说的是对枪械管制态度的两个阵营，首段首先写的是反对此种管制一方的态度，紧接着第2段写支持枪支管制一方的态度，故选项E为正确答案。2．【答案】D【解析】文章承接选项D，NO2Amendment写第二次宪法修正案的内容，选项D为正确答案。3．【答案】C【解析】文章中“Ibelieve…"即个人观点，选项C为正确答案。4．【答案】B【解析】文章写了“historyproves…”和“proof”即历史证明和证据，与选项B中的“historicalvs．realistic”相照应，为正确答案。5．【答案】F【解析】文章中“hypothesis”与选项E中“assumption”为同义词，即“假设”为正确答案。第48题【单选题】Parentsoftendecideonthebasisofwhattheirchildrenwant.Cathy,amothertoldus,“Mychildrenhavepackedlunches,becausetheysaytheyhateschooldinners.Imake3packedluncheseverymorning,soourkitchenislikeasandwichbarinthemorning.”However,anothermother,Susanmadeherchoicebasedonthenutritiousvalueofthefood.Shesaid,“Mydaughteralwayshasschooldinners.IthinksheprobablygetshealthierfoodbyhavingacookedlunchatschoolthanshewouldifImadeafewsandwiches.”WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A、Katzthinkschipsaregoodforhiskids.B、Susan’sdaughterlikeseatingsandwiches.C、Cathymayhaveatleastthreechildren.D、Jamielikesburgersandpizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是Imake3packedluncheseverymorning…可知Cathy有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故选项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第49题【单选题】Onereasoniseconomic.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.Havingmorechildrenmeanshavingmoreworkersinthefieldsandsomeonetotakecareoftheparentsinoldage.Inanindustrialeconomy,thesituationisdifferent.Manychildrendonothelpafamily;instead,theyareanexpense.Thus,industrializationhasgenerallybroughtdownthebirthrate.ThiswasthecaseinItaly,whichwasindustrializedquiterecentlyandrapidly.Intheearlypartofthetwentiethcentury,Italywasapoor,largelyagriculturalcountrywithahighbirthrate.AfterWorldWarⅡ,Italy'seconomywasrapidlymodernizedandindustrialized.Bytheendofthecentury,thebirthratehaddroppedto1.3childrenperwoman,theworld'slowest.Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,alargefamily_______.A、canbeanadvantageB、maylimitincomeC、isn’tnecessaryD、isexpensive【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。对照本段Inatraditionalagriculturaleconomy,largefamiliesarehelpful.大的家庭是有帮助的，选项中最接近意思的是A，成为一个优势，答案是A。第50题【单选题】JamesBrindleywasapioneerintheartofbuildingcanalsor,asitwasthencalled,‘navigation’.A、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigation。B、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigation。C、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把建筑运河叫作navigation。D、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫作navigation。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。本题考查的知识点为重复与代称。原文buildingcanals，但汉语里常见的搭配是“开凿运河”，如译作“建筑运河”，就不顺了。原文后半句用it代替buildingcanals，译文重复“开凿运河”而不用代词，这样译是比较清楚的。第51题【单选题】Alarge________ofthesunlightneverreachestheearthwhileinfra-redheatgivenoffbytheearthisallowedtoescapefreely.A、ratioB、proportionC、rateD、fraction【正确答案】B【答案解析】proportion“部分，份儿”，指部分与整体的关系，如：Alargeproportionofthedolphinsinthatareawilleventuallydie.根据题意，正确答案应为B。第52题【单选题】Iamsurethatyouareasking."Howdoesarocketfly?"Ifyouwanttoknow,getaballoonandthenblowitupuntilitisquitebig.Donottieuptheneckoftheballoon.Letgo!Theballoonwillflyoffthroughtheairveryquickly.Theairinsidetheballoontriestogetout.Itrushesoutthroughneckoftheballandthispushestheballoonthroughtheair.Itdoesnotneedwingslikeanairplane.Arocketcanflytothemoonbecause______.A、itlookslikeaballoonB、itismuchlighterthananairplaneC、itdoesn'thavewingsD、itworkslikeanuntiedballoon【正确答案】D【答案解析】本段都在讲述气球的飞行原理，来解释火箭的工作原理，因此选D。第53题【单选题】Theyarebright,_____,ableandconfident.A、latentB、revolutionC、subsequentD、intelligent【正确答案】D【答案解析】intelligent智能的；聪明的；理解力强的。第54题【单选题】Wehavea_____agreementwithher.A、uniformB、versionC、verbalD、utmost【正确答案】C【答案解析】verbal口头的；言语的；动词的；照字面的。第55题【单选题】ThecarhonkedatmeuntilIfastenedmyseatbelt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】until在否定句中表示的意思是“直到…才”；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思，所以比较恰当的用法应该是B项。A项虽然有“直到”的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第56题【单选题】Fatherhadnomorethana[superficial]knowledgeofmusic.A、widespreadB、shallowC、reluctantD、subsequent【正确答案】B【答案解析】[superficial]表面的；肤浅的；shallow浅的；肤浅的。第57题【单选题】Thedevastatingfloodsanddroughtsthatimposedarecurrenttaxofsufferingonthefarmersonlongeroccur．Egyptianagriculturehasbeentransformed，andindustryisbenefitingfrompowergeneratedbythedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子中taxofsuffering属于比喻，把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的tax，而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B和D项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第58题【单选题】ShehadcometoEnglandto[pursue]anactingcareer.A、striveB、removeC、quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】[pursue]继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第59题【单选题】LateoneSundayafternooninSeptember1999,OseolaMcCarty,anelderlycleaningladypassedawayinthelittlewoodenframehousewhereshehadlivedandworkedmostofherlife.Itmayseemlikeanordinaryendtoahumblelife,buttherewassomethingquiteexceptionalaboutthiswoman.Inthesummerof1995,McCartygave$150,000,mostofthemoneyshehadsavedthroughoutherlife，totheUniversityofSouthernMississippiinherhometown.ThemoneywastohelpotherAfricanAmericansthroughuniversity.Shehadstartedhersavingshabitasayoungchildwhenshewouldreturnfromschooltocleanandironformoneywhichshewouldthensave.Thiswomanshockedandinspiredtheworldbecause_______.A、shehadmanagedtosavesomuchmoneyB、shegavehermoneytoAfricanAmericansC、shegaveherlifesavingstohelpothersthroughuniversityD、sheonlyspentmoneyoncheapthings【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D中出现，根据经验排除D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话therewassomethingquiteexceptionalaboutthiswoman说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲Inthesummerof1995,McCartygave$150,000,mostofthemoneyshehadsavedthroughoutherlife，totheUniversityofSouthernMississippiinherhometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A和B表达都不全面，答案是C。第60题【单选题】________today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A、WouldheleaveB、WasheleavingC、WerehetoleaveD、Ifheleaves【正确答案】C【答案解析】这是虚拟语气的倒装形式，把if去掉，助动词提前。第61题【单选题】OnaSeptemberdayin1991,twoGermanswereclimbingthemountainsbetweenAustriaandItaly．Highuponamountainpass，theyfoundthebodyofamanlyingontheice.Atthatheight(10,499feet，or3,200meters)，theiceisusuallypermanent，but1991hadbeenanespeciallywarmyear．Themountainicehadmeltedmorethanusualandsothebodyhadcometothesurface．Itwaslyingfacedownward.Theskeleton(骨架)wasinperfectcondition,exceptforawoundinthehead.Therewasstillskinonthebonesandtheremainsofsomeclothes．Thehandswerestillholdingthewoodenhandleofanaxandonthefeettherewereverysimpleleatherandclothboots．Nearbywasapairofglovesmadeoftreebark(树皮)andaholderforarrows．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph2?A、TheIcemanlivedapoorlife．B、TheIcemancouldhavediedfromthewoundinthehead．C、TheIcemanwasstruckdeadfrombehind．D、TheIcemanwaskilledwhileworking.【正确答案】B【答案解析】推理判断的答案不会偏离主题，但答案在文章中肯定没有。长选项可以作为答案的参考。第62题【单选题】Beltsofparklandslinethreesidesoftheareaandfourlargeopensquaresoflawnsandtreesbreaktheregularityofthecitybuildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第63题【单选题】Thebenefitofitwould[compensate]danger.A、补偿B、支持C、惊奇D、允许【正确答案】A【答案解析】compensatevt.补偿，赔偿；付报酬。第64题【单选题】—Whenshallwemeetagain?—Makeit_____dayyoulike;it’sallthesametome.A、oneB、anyC、anotherD、some【正确答案】B【答案解析】anyday指“任意选择的一天”，故正确答案为B。第65题【单选题】InthespiritoffranknesswhichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek,letusrecognizeattheoutsetthesepoints.A、本着我希望将成为本周我们会谈的特色的坦率精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。B、我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的。本着这种坦率的精神，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。C、本着坦率的精神，我希望我们这个星期的会谈将是坦率的，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。D、本着坦率的精神，我希望本周我们的会谈具有特色，让我们在一开始就认识到这样几点。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。whichIhopewillcharacterizeourtalksthisweek限制性定语从句，修饰frankness。Ihope是定语从句中的插入语。Inthespiritof：本着…的精神。attheoutset：在开始的时候。第66题【单选题】Shewasa_____girlanddidnotpanic.A、specificB、dominantC、sensibleD、epidemic【正确答案】C【答案解析】sensible明智的；通情达理的；合乎情理的；意识到的，能感觉到的。第67题【单选题】Inhisclosing[remarks],thechairmanexpressedhisthankstoallthosewhohadcontributedtothesuccessoftheconference.A、commentsB、speechC、criticismD、lecture【正确答案】B【答案解析】[remarks]致辞。speech讲话，演说。参考译文：在闭幕词里，主席向所有为大会的成功举办作出过贡献的人士表示了感谢。第68题【单选题】Peopleinearliererasweresurroundedbyremindersofmisery.Theyworkeduntilexhausted,livedwithfewprotectionsanddiedyoung.IntheWest,beforemasscommunicationandliteracy,themostpowerfulmassmediumwasthechurch,whichremindedworshippersthattheirsoulswereindangerandthattheywouldsomedaybemeatforworms.Givenallthis,theydidnotexactlyneedtheirarttobeabummertoo.Theword“bummer”(Line5,paragraph5)mostprobablymeanssomething______.A、religiousB、unpleasantC、entertainingD、commercial【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。词义理解题。本段第1句指出，生活在古代的人们被痛苦提示包围着，接着具体论证无论在现实生