with复合结构专项练习

-.z.with复合构造with复合构造是学生学习英语时经常接触的句型，也是考察的热点。请看下面的句子。Therewasanelectricbellthatdidnotwork，withacardne*ttoitbearingthename"Mr.JamesDillinghamYoung〞。在这个句子中，with+名词+介词短语构成复合构造在句子中作状语。Nowwewereonourfeetwithanother500milestogo.在这个句子中，with+名词+todo构成复合构造在句子中作状语。1.with复合构造的构成with+宾语+宾语补足语，构成with复合构造，宾语可以是名词或是代词，宾语补足语可以是介词短语、过去分词、现在分词、形容词、动词不定式、副词。且with后面的宾语与其后的宾语补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系。1〕With+宾语+介词短语Hewasasleepwithhisheadonhisarms.2〕with+宾语+过去分词〔宾语与宾补之间是被动关系〕Alltheafternoonheworkedwiththedoorlocked.Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.3〕with+宾语+现在分词〔宾语与宾补之间是主动关系〕Withwintercomingon，it'stimetobuywarmclothes.4〕with+宾语+todo〔不定式做宾补有"将来〞的含义〕Ican'tgooutwithallthesedishestowash.5〕with+宾语+形容词/副词WithJohnaway，we'vegotmoreroom.Andersonwaslyingonthebedwithallhisclotheson.2.with复合构造的作用with复合构造在句子中作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。请阅读下面的句子。1〕Wesatonthedrygrasswithourbackstothewall.〔作伴随状语〕2〕Shecouldnotleavewithherpainfuldutyunfulfilled.〔作原因状语〕3〕Helayinbedwithhisheadcovered.〔作方式状语〕4〕Jacksoonfellasleepwiththelightstillburning.〔作伴随状语〕5〕Iwon'tbeabletogoonholidaywithmymotherbeingill.〔作原因状语〕6〕Hesatwithhisarmsclaspedaroundhisknees.〔作方式状语〕注：with复合构造在句子中还可以作定语，阅读下面的句子。1〕TherewasaletterforLannywithaSwissstamponit.〔作定语修饰letter〕2〕Itwasavaststretchofcountrywithcitiesinthedistance.〔作定语修饰astretchofcountry〕--------------------------------------------------------------------------------介词with复合构造相关的高考试题：1.(NMET.2000)_________productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanothere*cellentyear.A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Through[解析]答案C。此题考察介词with的复合构造"with+n/pron+prep.phrase(介词短语)〞的用法。"as〞作为连词，意为"因为、由于〞，其后必须跟从句；作为介词，意为"作为〞，从语法和句意方面都不能用。而for和through在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在这里应用with，意思是"因为、由于〞。句意是：由于生产〔产品〕上升了60%，这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。2.(Beijing.2004)________twoe*amstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.A.BesidesB.WithC.AsforD.Becauseof[解析]答案B。这道题也是考察介词with复合构造用法的。从句子的构造看这里必须要填一个介词，而不能填连词，"asfor〞意思是"至于、关于〞；becauseof意思是"由于、因为〞，其后不能跟复合构造，所以不能选择C和D。在所给的选项中只有with才符合构成"with+n/pron+todo〞构造。句意是：由于担忧这两门考试，本周末我得真的用功了1>"with+n/pron+v-ing〞这一构造在句子中作伴随状语，说明情况，其中现在分词表示主动或正在进展的动作。例如：①________ourfood________,wehadtowalktoavillageforhelp.〔成都毕业班第一次诊断试题〕A.Since;runsoutB.Because;runoutC.With;runningoutD.For;runningout[解析]答案C。"since、because、for〞作"由于、因为〞讲，是连词，其后只能跟从句，不能跟复合构造，所以不能选A、B、D。由于runout是不及物动词短语且与ourfood之间存在主谓关系所以只能用runningout构造，with在这里表示原因，故答案是C。句意是：在我们的食物快要用完的情况下，我们不得不向附近的村子求援。②.Whenmotherwentintothehouse,shefoundherbabywassleepinginbed,________hislipsmoving.A.asB.withC.forD.through[解析]答案B。该题是考察介词短语用作状语用法的。"as〞作为连词，意为"因为、由于〞，其后必须跟从句；作为介词，意为"作为〞，从语法和句意方面都不符合；而for和through在这里从语法和句意方面也不能用。在所给的选项当中，只有with才可以构成这一复合构造，用作表示伴随情况的状语，应选B。句意是：当妈妈走进房子的时候，她发现自己的孩子正睡在床上，嘴唇一直在动。2>."with+n/pron+v-ed.〞这一构造在句子中作原因状语，其中过去分词表示被动或完成了的动作。例如：①---Youshouldhavepreparedyourspeechforthemeeting,MrsSmith.---Yes,Iknow.ButhowcouldI______themeetingdatefi*edsosoon.〔2005东北三校联考〕A.whileB.asC.afterD.with[解析]答案：D。在所给的选项当中，只有as与with有"由于、因为〞之意，而as是连词，其后必须跟从句，所以不能用在这里。只有with符合这一用法，构成复合构造，用作表示原因的状语，代词I之后省略了动词prepare。句意是：因为会议日期确定的太快了，我还没有准备好。②________moreandmoreforestsdamaged,someanimalsandplantsarefacingthedangerofdyingout.(2005石家庄市高三调研试题〕A.AsB.ForC.WithD.By[解析]答案C。此题考察with复合构造"with+n/pron+v-ed.〞的用法，在这里表示原因。as和for常常引导的是一个表示原因的句子，而介词by显然没有这种用法。句意是：由于越来越多的森林遭到破坏，一些动植物正面临着灭绝的危险。③Manylargecities,suchasLiverpoolandNewYork,havehade*perimentsofthiskind,________oldfactoriesturnedintosuccessfulartcenters.〔南京市高三模拟试题〕A.forB.withC.asD.like[解析]答案B。此题也是考察with复合构造用法的,表示一种伴随情况。介词for与as虽具有"由于、因为〞之意，但其后要跟从句，，like没有"由于、因为〞之意，应该排除A、C、D，答案是B。句意是：随着旧工厂被成功地改制为艺术中心，许多大城市〔如利物浦和纽约〕都做着这方面的尝试。3>"with+n/pron+todo〞这一构造在句子中作原因状语，其中不定式表示将要发生的动作。例如：______somuchhomeworktodo,Iwon'thavetimetogotoseethefilmtonight.A.WithB.ToC.ForD.In[解析]答案A。这里用介词with的复合构造作状语表示原因，而to、for、in则没有这种复合构造用法，故排除B、C、D，答案是B。句意是：由于有许多家庭作业要去做，今晚我没有时间去看电影了。再如：Withnothingtodo,IsatdownwatchingTV.4>"with+n/pron+prep.phrase.〞这一构造在句子中作伴随状语，表示状态或说明情况或作定语。例如：①_________andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctor'shelptoendherlife.(2005年江苏省高考试题)A.HavinggivenuphopeofcureB.WithnohopeforcureC.TherebeinghopeforcureD.Inthehopeofcure[解析]答案B。此题考察with的复合构造作状语的用法。逗号前的内容作状语，该局部是由介词with构成的短语及现在分词短语sufferingfromtheterribledisease构成的，介词with有两个宾语，分别是nohopeforcure和nowaytoreduceherpain。句意是：这位病人由于没有治愈的希望和减轻其痛苦的方法，她饱受疾病煎熬，于是请求大夫完毕她的生命。②Johnstartstoworkveryclearlyinthemorningandgoesonworkinguntillateintheafternoon_______abreakatmidday.A.forB.withC.inD.as[解析]答案B。此题考察介词短语作状语。即"with+n/pron+prep.phrase〞。句意是：约翰早上开场工作，中午稍作休息后又接着工作到下午稍晚些时候。5>."with+n/pron+adj〞这一构造常作伴随性状语，表示状态。例如：Itwascoldoutside,theboyranintotheroom________hisnosered.A.toB.onC.inD.with[解析]答案D。这个句子是考察with的复合构造用法的，用with+名词〔nose〕+形容词〔red〕作状语表示伴随情况。而to、on、in作为介词则没有这种用法，故排除A、B、C，答案为D。句意是：外面天气很冷，那个男孩跑进了屋子时，鼻子红红的。再如：Tom'sfatherisusedtosleepingwiththewindowopen.6>."with+n/pron+adv〞这一构造在句子中常作伴随状语,表示情况或状态。例如：_______alltherepresentatives(代表)stillnotthere,themeetingwaspostponedforseveralmonths.A.WithoutB.WithC.ByD.Because[解析]答案B。这里应填入一个介词构造以表示原因或状态，而在所给的选项中without具有否认意义，不能用在这里；by则表示方式、手段等；because后则要跟从句，只有with具有这种用法，所以选B。句意是：在代表仍然不在场的情况下，会议被推迟了好几个月。类似的，再如：Withsomanystudentsaway,wehavegotmoreroom.7>"with+n/pron+n〞在句中作定语或状语。如：Hediedwithhissonyetaschoolboy.1.BBCEnglishbroadcastsprogrammesforChina_______e*planationinChinese.A.inB.forC.withD.as2.Theyoungwoman_______ababysleepinginherarmswaswanderinginthestreet.A.withB.becauseC.onD.like3.Everyoneshouldgotosleepwiththelightturnedoff.A.asB.withC.forD.on4._______somanyhomeworktodo,Marywon’thavetimetoplaywithherfriendsthismorning.A.WithoutB.WithC.ByD.Because5._______thedooropen,thenoiseofthemachinesisalmostdeafening.A.BecauseB.AsC.WithD.Becauseof6._______hismotherout,hehadtostayathomealone.A.AsB.ForC.BecauseD.With7._______allthingsconsidered,herproposalisofgreaterthanhisA.LikeB.WithC.OnD.Without8._______timepermitting,wewillvisittheSummerPalace.A.ByB.OnC.WithD.Aswith复合构造专项练习〔一〕1.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork_______,hegladlyacceptedit.〔2007〕A.finishedB.FinishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished2.Nowthatwe’vediscussedourproblem,arepeoplehappywiththedecisions________"(2009全国卷1)A.takingB.TakeC.takenD.totake3.Youhavenoideahowshefinishedtherelayrace_______herfootwoundedsomuch.(2008)A.forB.WhenC.withD.while4.----Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.----Sorry.Withsomuchwork_______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.(2007)A.filledB.FillingC.tofillD.beingfilled5.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______,hegladlyacceptedit.〔2007安徽〕A.finishedB.FinishingC.havingfinishedD.wasfinished6.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise_______.〔2005〕A.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon7._______andnowaytoreduceherpainandsufferingfromtheterribledisease,thepatientsoughtherdoctor’shelptoendherlife.〔2005江西〕A.HavinggivenuphopeofcureB.WithnohopeforcureC.TherebeinghopeforcureD.Inthehopeofcure8.________twoe*amstoworryabout,Ihavetoworkreallyhardthisweekend.(2004)A.WithB.BesidesC.AsforD.Becauseof9.Itwasapitythatthegreatwriterdied_______hisworksunfinished.(2004)A.forB.WithC.fromD.of10.______productionupby60%,thecompanyhashadanothere*cellentyear.(2000全国卷)A.AsB.ForC.WithD.Throughwith复合构造专项练习〔二〕一请选择最正确答案1〕Withnothing_______toburn，thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.A.leavingB.leftC.leaveD.toleave2〕Thegirlsattherequitesilentandstillwithhereyes_______onthewall.A.fi*ingB.fi*edC.tobefi*ingD.tobefi*ed3〕Iliveinthehousewithitsdoor_________tothesouth.〔这里with构造作定语〕A.facingB.facesC.facedD.beingfaced4〕Theypretendedtobeworkinghardallnightwiththeirlights____.A.burnB.burntC.burningD.toburn二：用with复合构造完成以下句子1〕_____________〔有很多工作要做〕，Icouldn'tgotoseethedoctor.2〕Shesat__________〔低着头〕。3〕Thedaywasbright_____.〔微风吹拂〕4〕_________________________，〔心存梦想〕hewenttoHollywood.三把以下句子中的划线局部改写成with复合构造。1〕Becauseourlessonswereover，wewenttoplayfootball._____________________________.2〕Thechildrencamerunningtowardsusandheldsomeflowersintheirhands._____________________________.3〕Mymotherisill，soIwon'tbeabletogoonholiday._____________________________.4〕Ane*amwillbeheldtomorrow，soIcouldn'tgotothecinematonight._____________________________.with复合构造专项练习〔三〕1.BBCEnglishbroadcastsprogrammesforChina_______e*planationinChinese.A.inB.forC.withD.as2.Theyoungwoman_______ababysleepinginherarmswaswanderinginthestreet.A.withB.becauseC.onD.like3.Everyoneshouldgotosleepwiththelightturnedoff.A.asB.withC.forD.on4._______somanyhomeworktodo,Marywon’thavetimetoplaywithherfriendsthismorning.A.WithoutB.WithC.ByD.Because5._______t