定语从句简要讲解

主语（subject）：表示句子所说的是“谁”或“什么事物”，一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当

例句1：MysisterWangWeiandIhavedreamedabouttakingagreatbiketrip.

例句2：StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.谓语（predicate）:说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或者“怎么样”，一般由动词充当例句1：StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.

例句2：Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.宾语（object）：宾语一般用在及物动词的后面，表示动作，行为的对象，一般由名词，代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当例句1：Twoyearsago,sheboughtanexpensivemountainbike.

例句2：Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.定语（attribute）:用来修饰名词或代词，常放在名词前面，也可以放在后面（称后置定语），定语一般由形容词，代词或相当于形容词的词或短语充当例句1：Twoyearsago,sheboughtanexpensivemountainbike.

例句2：Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.状语（adverbial）:用来修饰动词，形容词或副词，一般表示行为发生的时间，地点，目的，方式，程度，原因或结果等。例句1：Twoyearsago,sheboughtanexpensivemountainbike.例句2：Somepeoplesawbrightlightsinthesky.

例句3：Tomdidn,tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.补语（complement）：一般分为主语补足语和宾语补足语，起补充说明的作用

例句1：Theycameback,coldandhungry.例句2：Thehuntercaughtthetigeralive.表语（predicative）：表语是用来说明主语的特征，状态等，补充说明主语。表语一般与连系动词构成系表结构，常用的连系动词有：be(am/is/are;was/were)

状态系动词look,feel,smell,sound,taste感官系动词keep,remain,stay,stand,lie持续系动词（意为保持）become,get,go,grow,turn变化系动词appear,seem表像系动词（意为看起来像）prove,turnout终止系动词（意为结果是）

例句1：Mynameis

Wangkun.

例句2：Halfamillionpigsandmillionsofchickenswere

dead.

例句3：Leavesturn

yellowinautumn.

1.Mybrotherhasbecomeadoctor.2.Theseflowerssmellfragrant.(fragrant:芳香的)基本句型一：主+系+表

1.Everybodylaughed.

2.Thechildrenaresleeping.基本句型二：主+谓在“主+谓”结构中，谓语动词通常是不及物动词（IntransitiveVerb）

1.Iwantaticket.

2.Liverpool(利物浦队)wonthegame.基本句型三：主+谓+宾在“主+谓+宾”结构中，谓语动词通常是及物动词(TransitiveVerb)，随后须跟宾语。

1.Marylentmeherpen.

2.Isenthimatelegram.(telegram:电报)基本句型四：主+谓+宾+宾

1.Wemadehimourmonitor.

2.Theypaintedthewallspink.基本句型五：主+谓+宾+宾补1.Thewaterroseandfell.2.Thechickentastesgood.3.Sheanswerdthequestion.4.Theyelectedhimpresident.(elect:选举)5.Myparentsgavemeabirthdaypresent.

主+谓主+系+表主+谓+宾主+谓+宾+宾补主+谓+宾+宾WhoisSunWukong?ThemanwhoholdsthegoldencudgelisSunWukong.WhoisTangMonk?ThemanwhositsonawhitehorseisTangMonk.

1.ThemanwhoholdsthegoldencudgelisSunWukong.

2.ThemanwhositsonawhitehorseisTangMonk.定语从句：起定语作用，修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。定语从句往往用关系代词或关系副词引导。

1.Doyouknowtheman____________wasinjuredintheaccident?2.Theboy__________wejustsawisthemonitorofClassThree.修饰人修饰物修饰人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom(口语中可用who,可省)which(可省)that(可省)定语whose(或ofwhom)whose(或ofwhich)who/that（关系代词作主语）whom/that（关系代词作宾语）

1.Maryisdrivingacar___________cantravel160kilometersanhour2.Hehasnotfoundthemobile___________helostlastweek.修饰人修饰物修饰人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom(口语中可用who,可省)which(可省)that(可省)定语whose(或ofwhom)whose(或ofwhich)which/that（关系代词作主语）which/that（关系代词作宾语，可省略）

1.Areyouthegentleman_________umbrellaIborrowedyesterday.2.Nobodywantsthehouse_______roofhasfallenin.修饰人修饰物修饰人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom(口语中可用who,可省)which(可省)that(可省)定语whose(或ofwhom)whose(或ofwhich)whose（关系代词作定语）whose（关系代词作定语）1.Theman__________isshakinghandswithmyfatherisapoliceman.2.Thisisthescientist________nameisknownallovertheworld.3.Theteacher___________youarewaitingforiscoming.4.Guilinisacity__________hasahistoryof2,000years.who/thatwhosewhom/thatwhich/that只能用that而不用which引导定语从句的情况。1.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时

Thisisthemostdeliciousfood_______Ihaveeverhad.2.先行词是不定代词，all,little,few,much,everything,anything,nothing,none等时

All_______canbedonehasbeendone.3.先行词被all,every,no,theonly,thevery,thelast等修饰时

Theonlything_______shecoulddowastogotothepoliceforhelp.4.先行词既指人又指物时

Sometimesweshouldignorethepersonsandthings_______upsetus.5.当主句是以who,which开头的特殊疑问句时

Whichofthebooks______youboughtisthemostuseful？只能用which而不用that引导定语从句的情况。1.引导非限制性定语从句时Football,_______isveryinteresting,isplayedallovertheworld.2.当关系代词前有介词时。Thisisthehousein_______MoYanoncelived.3.当先行词本身就是that时That_______youtoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.4.在限制性定语从句中，如果有两个定语从句，其中一句的关系词是that,那么另外一句的关系词就需用which.LetmeshowyouthenovelthatIborrowedfromthelibrary________wasnewlyopen.只能用who而不用that引导定语从句的情况1.先行词是指人的不定代词时，如one,anyone,noone,all,nobody,anybody,none等

Sheistheone______comesfromStockholm.2.在therebe结构中，先行词指人时Thereisayounglady_____isinastateofshock.3.一个句子中带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that,另一个宜用who.Theboythatyoumetlastnightisthegroupleader______studiesveryhard.将下列句子合并成一句话1.Iwillneverforgettheday.Wefirstmetontheday.2.Theschoolisnotfarfromhere.Theyareworkingintheschool.3.Hedidn,tgivethereason.Hecamesoearlyforthereason.Iwillneverforgettheday_________wefirstmet.whenIwillneverforgetthedayon________wefirstmet.