2023年考研考博-考博英语-东北师范大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案

2023年考研考博-考博英语-东北师范大学历年高频考题黑钻摘选版附带答案（图片大小可自由调整）答案解析附后第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题ThreeEnglishdictionariespublishedrecentlyalllayclaimtopossessinga“new”feature.TheBBCEnglishDictionarycontainsbackgroundinformationon1,000peopleandplacesprominentinthenewssince1988;theOxfordAdvancedLearner'sDictionary:EncyclopedicEditionistheOALDplusencyclopedicentries;theLongmanDictionaryofEnglishLanguageandCultureistheLDOCEplusculturalinformation.Thekeyfactisthatallthreedictionariescanbeseentohaveadistinctly“cultural”aswellaslanguagelearningcontent.Thatbeingsaid,thewayinwhichtheyapproachtheculturalelementisnotidentical,makingdirectcomparisonsbetweenthethreedifficult.Whilethereissomecommongroundbetweentheencyclopedic/culturalentriesfortheOxfordandLongmandictionaries,thereisacleardifference.OxfordlaysclaimtobeingencyclopediconcontentwhereasLongmandistinctlyconcentratesonthelanguageandcultureoftheEnglish-speakingworld.TheOxforddictionarycanthereforestandmorevigorousscrutinyforculturalbiasthantheLongmanpublicationbecausethelatterdoesnothesitateaboutviewingtherestoftheworldfromtheculturalperspectivesoftheEnglish-speakingworld.TheculturalobjectivesoftheBBCdictionaryareinturnmoredistinctstill.Basedonananalysisofover70millionwordsrecordedfromtheBBCWorldServiceandNationalPublicRadioofWashingtonoveraperiodoffouryears,their1,000briefencyclopedicentriesarebasedonpeopleandplacesthathavefeaturedinthenewsrecently.TheintendedusertheyhaveinmindisaregularlistenertotheWorldServicewhowillhaveareasonablestandardofEnglishandadevelopedskillinlisteningcomprehension.Inreality,though,theBBCdictionarywillbepurchasedbyafarwiderrangeoflanguagelearners,aswilltheothertwodictionaries.Wewillbefacedwithasituationwheremanyoftheusersofthesedictionarieswillattheveryleasthavedistinctsocio-culturalperspectivesandmayhaveworldviewswhicharetotallyopposedandevenhostiletothoseoftheWest.Advancedlearnersfromthiskindofbackgroundwillnotonlyevaluateadictionaryonhowuser-friendlyitisbutwillalsohavedefiniteviewsaboutthescopeandappropriatenessofthevarioussocio-culturalentries.1.Whatfeaturesetsapartthethreedictionariesdiscussedinthepassagefromtraditionalones?2.TheLongmandictionaryismorelikelytobecriticizedforculturalprejudicebecause（

）.3.TheBBCdictionarydiffersfromOxfordandLongmaninthat（

）.

4.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat,inapproachingsocio-culturalcontentinadictionary,specialthoughtshouldbegivento（

）.

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?问题1选项A.Thecombinationoftwodictionariesintoone.B.Thenewapproachtodefiningwords.C.Theinclusionofculturalcontent.D.Theincreaseinthenumberofentries.问题2选项A.itsscopeofculturalentriesgoesbeyondthecultureoftheEnglish-speakingworldB.itpayslittleattentiontotheculturalcontentofthenon-English-speakingcountriesC.itviewstheworldpurelyfromthestandpointoftheEnglish-speakingpeopleD.itfailstodistinguishlanguagefromcultureinitsencyclopedicentries问题3选项A.ithasawiderselectionofencyclopedicentriesB.itismainlydesignedtomeettheneedsofradiolistenersC.itlaysmoreemphasisonlanguagethanoncultureD.itisintendedtohelplistenersdeveloptheirlisteningcomprehensionskills问题4选项A.thelanguagelevelsofitsusersB.thenumberofitsprospectivepurchasersC.thedifferenttastesofitsusersD.thevariousculturalbackgroundsofitsusers问题5选项A.Differentwaysoftreatingsocio-culturalelementsinthethreenewEnglishdictionaries.B.Acomparisonofpeople’sopinionsontheculturalcontentinthethreenewEnglishdictionaries.C.TheadvantagesoftheBBCdictionaryoverOxfordandLongman.D.Theuser-friendlinessofthethreenewEnglishdictionaries2.单选题Tohim,NewYorkwasaplace（

）broughtbacktomindpainfulmemories.问题1选项A.whereB.inwhichC.thatD.there3.单选题Basicresearchprovidesthe（

）fundofscientificknowledge,onwhichtheappliedresearchersdrawtogivesocietyarichrateofinterest.问题1选项A.capitalB.endowedC.enhancedD.initiative4.单选题Soldiersactin（

）totheordersoftheirofficers.问题1选项A.obligationB.objectionC.offenceD.obedience5.单选题Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingisnotyourexperience,yourgrades,whatclassesyoutook,yourextracurricularactivities,oranyoftheotherbasicnecessities.Thoseskillsarewhatgotyoutheinterview.Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingcanbesummedupinoneword:attitude.Ifyouwanttoriseaboveotherswithbetterexperience,bettergrades,orbetteranything,youwillneedtoworkondevelopingahighlypositiveworkattitude.Yourattitudedetermineswhetheryouwill“makethecut”orbediscarded.Remember,thereareplentyofcompetitorswiththeabilitytodoalmostanygivenjob—especiallyattheentrylevel.Thewaymostemployersdifferentiateattheentrylevelisbycandidates’attitudestowardthejob.Yourattitudeisoftenwhatrecruiterswillrememberwhenthedusthassettledafterreviewingten,twenty,orevenonehundredcandidates—theonewhowassincerelywillingtoputforthhisverybesteffort.Ifyouhavetheattitudeofwantingtodoyourverybestforthecompany,ofbeingfocusedonthecompany’sneeds,ofputtingyourselfforthasthepersonwhowillbecommittedanddedicatedtofulfillingtheirneeds,youwilllikelybetheonechosen.’Whyisattitudesoimportant?Becausemostcompaniesalreadyhavetheirfallshareofmulti-talentedsuperstarswhocareaboutnoonebutthemselves.Askanymanagerwhothemostvaluablememberofhisteamis,andhewillpointnottotheoverratedsuperstar,buttothepersonwhohasthe‘cando’attitude,thepersonwhocanbecountedoninanysituation,thepersonwhotrulystrivesforexcellence.Givemeateamplayerwhoisachievingat99%andIwilltakeheroveraflashysuperstarwhoisrunningat50%efficiencyanydayoftheweek.Andsowill99%ofallhiringmanagers.Sodon’tworryifyouarenot“superstar”quality.Ifyoucanshowmeinyourwordsandactions,thatyouarereadytoputforthyourverybestefforttowardachievingexcellence,youwillbechosenoverthesuperstar.Youcanshowyourwinningattitudeinthewayyoupresentyourself.Incorporatetheactualwords“positive“excellence,”and“strivingtobethebest”intoyourinterviewlanguage.Thenshowbyyourstoriesandexampleshowthesewordspositivelyaffectyourlife.Showmewhenandwhereandhowyouhaveputforthextraeffortaboveandbeyondthecallofduty.Showmehowyoubeatadeadline,howyouexcelledinaproject,orhowyoumadeadifferencebygoingtheextramile.Ifyoucanshownie,bywordsandexamples,your“cando”attitude,itisyouIwillhire,whileallofthesuperstarswillreceivepoliterejectionletterstoaddtotheirgrowingcollections.1.Whatisthekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingaccordingtothispassage?2.Whichofthefollowingstatementiscorrectintheauthor’sopinion?3.Whoisthemostvaluablememberofhisteamtoamanager?4.Inaninterview,whatmakesyouleaveagoodimpressionontheinterviewer?5.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?问题1选项A.Coursestakenbefore.B.Avariedexperience.C.Apositiveworkattitude.D.Interviewees’capability.问题2选项A.Thereareinadequatecompetitorswiththeabilitytodoalmostanygivenjob,especiallyattheentrylevel.B.Mostinterviewersgenerallydependonthecandidates?attitudestowardthejobtochoosetheemployees.C.MostemployerstellthedifferencebetweencandidatesbytheirentrylevelD.Betterexperienceandbettergradesbecomethemostimportantelementstobechosen.问题3选项A.Themulti-talentedsuperstar.B.ThepersonwhotrieshisbestforexcellenceC.Thepersonwhocountsonhimselfanddoesnotcooperatewithothers.D.Theflashystarwhomakesthecompanyfamous.问题4选项A.Yourboastingwords.B.Thewordssuchaspositiveattitude,excellence,andstrivingtobemybest.C.Yourownstories.D.Wordsandexamplestoshowyourpositiveattitude.问题5选项A.YourAttitudeDeterminesWhetherYouWill“MakeTheCut”orBeDiscarded.B.HowtoFindaGoodJob.C.TheMostImportantAspectofInterviewing.D.ASuccessfulInterviewing.6.单选题Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject.Tooclosearelation,andthewritermayloseobjectivity.Notcloseenough,andthewritermaylackthesympathynecessarytoanyefforttoportrayamind,asoul---thequalityoflife.Whoshouldwritethebiographyofafamily,forexample?Becauseoftheirclosenesstothesubject,familymembersmayhavespecialinformation,butbythesametoken,theymaynothavethedistancethatwouldallowthemtobefair.Similarly,aking，sservantmightnotbethebestonetowriteabiographyofthatking.Butaforeignermightnothavetheknowledgeandsympathynecessarytowritetheking'sbiography—notforareadershipfromwithinthekingdom,atanyrate.Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask.Thebiographerhastoworkwiththepositionheorshehasintheworld,adjustingthatpositionasnecessarytodealwiththesubject.Everypositionhasstrengthsandweaknesses:tothrive,awritermusttrytobecomeawareofthese,evaluatethemintermsofthesubject,andselectapositionaccordingly.Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive:theyattempttoshowthattheirsubjectsareonlyhuman,nobetterthananyoneelse.Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus,toinviteustobecomebetterthanweare.ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBibleareinthisclass.Biographersmayclaimthattheiraccountis“authentic”one.Inadvancingthisclaim,theyarehelpedifthebiographyis“authorized”bythesubject.Thispresumablyallowsthebiographerspecialaccesstoprivateinformation.“Unauthorized”biographersalsohavetheirappeal,however,sincetheycansuggestanindependenceofmindinthebiographer.Inbookpromotions,the“unauthorized”characterizationusuallysuggeststheprospectofjuicygossipthatthesubjecthadhopedtosuppress.Asubjectmighthaveseveralbiographies,evenseveral“authentic”ones.Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife,perhapsnoteventhesubject,andthishasbeenprovedbythehistoryofbiography.1.Accordingtotheauthor,anidealbiographerwouldbeonewho（

）.2.TheauthorcitesthebiographiesofJesusintheBibleinordertoshowthat（

）.

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue,accordingtothepassage?4.Anunauthorizedbiographyislikelytoattractmorereadersbecause（

）.

5.Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson（

）.问题1选项A.knowsthesubjectverywellandyetmaintainsaproperdistancefromhimB.isclosetothesubjectandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywritingC.isindependentandknowsthetechniquesofbiographywritingD.possessesspecialprivateinformationandissympathetictowardthesubject问题2选项A.thebestbiographiesaremeanttotransformtheirreadersB.biographiesareauthenticaccountsoftheirsubjects’livesC.thebestbiographiesarethoseofheroesandfamousfiguresD.biographiescanseverdifferentpurposes问题3选项A.Anauthenticbiographyseldomappealstoitsreaders.B.AnauthenticbiographyisoneauthorizedbythesubjectC.Noonecanwriteaperfectbiography.D.Authorizedbiographieshaveawiderreadership.问题4选项A.itportraysthesubjectbothfaithfullyandvividlyB.itcontainsinterestinginformationaboutthesubject’sprivatelifeC.itrevealsalotofaccuratedetailsunknowntotheoutsidersD.itusuallygivesasympatheticdescriptionofthesubject’scharacter问题5选项A.thedifficultyofabiographerinfindingtheproperperspectivetodohisjobB.thesecretofabiographertowinmorereadersC.thetechniquesrequiredofabiographertowriteagoodbiographyD.thecharacteristicsofdifferentkindsofbiographies7.单选题Itbeingnotonlypossiblebuteveneasytopredictwhichten-year-oldboysareatgreatestriskofgrowinguptobepersistentoffenders.Whatarewedoingwiththeinformation?JustaboutthelastthingthatweshoulddoistowaituntiltheirtroubleshaveescalatedinadolescenceandthenattackthemwiththeprovisionsofthenewCriminalJusticeBill.Ifthisbillbecomeslaw,magistrateswillhavethepowertoimposeresidentialcareorders.Moreyoungpeoplewillbedrawnintoinstitutionallifewhenalltheevidenceshowsthatthisworsensratherthanimprovestheirprospects.Theintroductionofshortsharpshocksindetentioncenterswillsimplygivemoreyoungpeopleatasteofsomethingelsethedon'tneed;thewholeregimeofdetentioncentersisoneoftougheningdelinquents,andifyouwanttotrainsomeonetobeanti-establishment."Ican'tthinkofabetterwaytodoit,"saysthewriterofthisreport.TheCambridgeInstituteofCriminologycomesupwithfivekeyfactorsthatarelikelytomakefordelinquency:alowincomefamilyalargefamily,parentsdeemedbysocialworkerstobebadatraisingchildren,parentswhothemselveshaveacriminalrecord,andlowintelligenceinthechild.Notsurprising,thefactorstendtooverlap.Ofthe63boysinthesamplewhohadatleastthreeofthemwhentheywereten,halfbecamejuveniledelinquents—comparedwithonlyfifthofthesampleasawhole.Threemorefactorsmakethepredictionmoreaccurate:beingjudgedtroublesomebyteachersattheageoften,havingafatherwithatleasttwocriminalconvictionsandhavinganothermemberofthefamilywithacriminalrecord.Ofthe35menwhohadatleasttwoofthesefactorsintheirbackground,18becamepersistentdelinquentsand8morewereintroublewiththelaw.Amongthosekeyfactors,farandawaythemostimportantwashavingaparentwithacriminalrecord,evenifthathadbeenacquiredinthedistantpast,eventhoughveryfewparentsdidotherthancondemndelinquentbehaviorintheirchildren.Theroleoftheschoolsemergesasextremelyimportant.Themostreliablepredictionofallonthefuturesofboyscamefromteachers'ratingsofhowtroublesometheywereattheageoften.Iftheinformationisthereintheclassroomtheremustbearesponsethatbringsmoreattentiontothosetroublesomechildren:asearchforthingstogivethemcreditforotherthanacademicachievement,arefusaltoallowthemtogoonplayingtruant,andafosteringofambitionandopportunitywhichshouldstartearlyintheirschoolcareers.1.Accordingtotheauthor,delinquencyshouldbetackled（

）.2.Thenumberofyoungoffenderscouldbereducedbythewayof（

）.

3.Whatistheoutcomeresultofputtingyoungoffendersintodetentioncenters?4.Ten-year-oldchildrenlikelytobecomeoffendersareusually（

）.

5.Thewriterconcludesthatpotentialoffenderscouldbehelpedby（

）.问题1选项A.beforeadolescenceB.duringinstitutionaltreatmentC.duringadolescenceD.whentheproblembecomesacute问题2选项A.newlegalmeasuresB.betterresidentialcareC.briefperiodsofharshpunishmentD.examinationoftheirbackgrounds问题3选项A.TheybecomemoreviolentB.TheyreceiveusefultrainingC.TheybecomeusedtoinstitutionsD.Theyturnagainstsociety问题4选项A.spoiltchildrenfromsmallfamiliesB.brightchildreninapoorfamilyC.dullchildrenwithmanybrothersandsistersD.childrenwhoseparentshaveacquiredwealthdishonestly问题5选项A.spendingmoretimeatschoolB.moreencouragementatschoolC.moreactivitiesoutsideschoolD.strictertreatmentfromteachers8.单选题Theartistandtheauthorbothtriedto（

）,thesplendorofthesunset问题1选项A.depictB.narrateC.describeD.tell9.单选题Nuclearscienceshouldbedevelopedtobenefitthepeople（

）harmthem.问题1选项A.morethanB.otherthanC.betterthanD.ratherthan10.单选题Humanrelationshavecommandedpeople’sattentionfromearlytimes.Thewaysofpeoplehavebeenrecordedininnumerablemyths,folktales,novels,plays,andpopularorphilosophicalessays.Althoughthefullsignificanceofahumanrelationshipmaynotbedirectlyevident,thecomplexityoffeelingsandactionsthatcanbeunderstoodataglanceissurprisinglygreat.Forthisreasonpsychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences.“Intuitive”knowledgemayberemarkablypenetratingandcansignificantlyhelpusunderstandhumanbehavior,whereasinthephysicalsciencessuchcommonsenseknowledgeisrelativelyprimitive.Ifweerasedallknowledgeofscientificphysicsfromourmodemword,notonlywouldwenothavecarsandtelevisionset,wemightevenfindthattheordinarypersonwasunabletocopewiththefundamentalmechanicalproblemsofpulleysandlevers.Ontheotherhandifweremovedallknowledgeofscientificpsychologyfromourworld,problemsininterpersonalrelationsmighteasilybecopedwithandsolvedmuchasbefore.Wewouldstill“know”howtoavoiddoingsomethingaskedofusandhowtogetsomeonetoagreewithus;wewouldstill“know”whensomeonewasangryandwhensomeonewaspleased.Onecouldevenoffersensibleexplanationsforthe“whys"ofmuchoftheself'sbehaviorandfeelings.Inotherwords,theordinarypersonhasagreatandprofoundunderstandingoftheselfandofotherpeoplewhich,thoughunformulatedoronlyvaguelyconceived,enablesonetointeractwithothersinmoreorlessadaptiveways.Kohler,inreferringtothelackofgreatdiscoveriesinpsychologyascomparedwithphysics,accountsforthisbysayingthat“peoplewereacquaintedwithpracticallyallterritoriesofmentallifealongtimebeforethefoundingofscientificpsychology”.Paradoxically,withallthisnatural,intuitive,commonsensecapacitytograsphuman,relations,thescienceofhumanrelationshasbeenoneofthelasttodevelop.Differentexplanationsofthisparadoxhavebeensuggested.Oneisthatsciencewoulddestroythevainandpleasingillusionspeoplehaveaboutthemselves;butwemightaskwhypeoplehavealwayslovedtoreadpessimistic,debunkingwritings,fromEcclesiastestoFreud.Ithasalsobeenproposedthatjustbecauseweknowsomuchaboutpeopleintuitively,therehasbeenlessincentiveforstudyingthemscientifically;whyshouldonedevelopatheory,carryoutsystematicobservations,ormakepredictionsabouttheobvious?Inanycase,thefieldofhumanrelations,withitsvastliterary,documentationbutmeagerscientifictreatment,isingreatcontrasttothefieldofphysicinwhichtherearerelativelyfewnonscientificbooks.1.Accordingtothepassage,ithasbeensuggestedthatthescienceofhumanrelationswasslowtodevelopbecause（

）.2.Whichofthefollowingclaimssupportstheauthor’sstatementthat“Psychologyholdsauniquepositionamongthesciences，’？3.Accordingtothepassage,anunderstandingoftheselfcanbe（

）.

4.Theauthorimpliesthatattemptstotreathumanrelationsscientificallyhavethusfarbeenrelatively

（

）.

5.Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorassumesthatcommonsenseknowledgeofhumanrelationsis（

）.问题1选项A.intuitiveknowledgeofhumanrelationsisderivedfromphilosophyB.earlyscientistsweremoreinterestedinthephysicalworldC.scientificstudiesofhumanrelationsappeartoinvestigatetheobvious.D.thescientificmethodisdifficulttoapplytothestudyofhumanrelations问题2选项A.Thefullmeaningofahumanrelationshipmaynotbeobvious.B.Commonsenseunderstandingofhumanrelationscanbeincisive.C.Intuitiveknowledgeinthephysicalsciencesinrelativelyadvanced.D.Subjectivebiasisdifficulttocontrolinpsychologicalresearch.问题3选项A.highlybiasedduetounconsciousfactorsB.improvedbyspecializedtrainingC.profoundevenwhenvaguelyconceivedD.irrelevantforunderstandinghumanrelations问题4选项A.unilluminatingB.paradoxicalC.pessimisticD.encouraging问题5选项A.equallywelldevelopedamongalladultswithinagivensocietyB.biasedinsofarasitisbasedonmythsandfolktalesC.typicallyunrelatedonanindividual’sinteractionswithotherpeopleD.usuallysufficientlyaccuratetofacilitateinteractionswithothers第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】第1题:C第2题:C第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。由第一段可知三本词典都有不同于以往的特点，即都增添了文化方而的内容。故选C。2.细节事实题。第三段指出:TheOxforddictionarycanthereforestandmorevigorousscrutinyforculturalbiasthantheLongmanpublicationbecausethelatterdoesnothesitateaboutviewingtherestoftheworldfromtheculturalperspectivesoftheEnglish-speakingworld(因此，牛津词典比朗文同典更经得起对文化偏见的严格审视，因为后者总是以英语国家的视角來评判其他国家的文化现象)。因此,可以看出朗文字典只是从英语国家的文化观点去审视其他国家的文化。故选C。3.细节事实题。第三段第六句指出：TheintendedusertheyhaveinmindisaregularlistenertotheWorldServicewhowillhaveareasonablestandardofEnglishandadevelopedskillinlisteningcomprehension(他们认为的目标使用者是经常收听国际广播的听众，而他们通常具有一定的英语水平和较强的听力理解能力),因此选B“主要目的在于满足广播听众的需要”。4.判断推理题。由文章最后一段可知，这三本字典会有各种各样的读者购买，这些读者的社会文化背景也会是各种各样的，他们中一定有些人生活在世界观与之相反甚至敌视的文化背景下。这些高级学习者不仅可以根据这本字典是否合用来评价它，而且对各种社会文化词条的内容和准确性都有自己的看法，也就是说字典的编纂者要考虑到这些。故选D“用户的不同文化背景”。5.主旨大意题。文章指出英国BBC广播公司字典、朗文当代高级词典、牛津高阶英语词典三大词典都有新版本面市，都有不同于以往的特点，即都增添了文化方而的内容。但是三本字典的侧重方面不同，用户群体不一样，各自增加新内容的角度与方式也不相同。故A“新出版的三本英语字典处理社会文化内容的不同的方法”比较能概括文章主旨。2.【答案】C【解析】句意:于他而言，纽约是一个有痛苦记忆的地方。语法题。考查定语从句。先行词为Place,在主句中作表语,所以定语从句中关系词用that。3.【答案】A【解析】句意:基础研究为科学知识提供了资本基金，应用研究人员从中提取资本基金后以高利率回报社会。形容词辨析。Capitalfund资本基金;endowedfund捐助基金;enhancedfund增强型基金;initiativefund项目基金。因此A符合句意。4.【答案】D【解析】句意:士兵们遵照上级军官的命令行动。短语辨析。Inobligationto有义务;inobjectionto反对;inoffenceto违反;inobedienceto遵照,服从。故选D。5.【答案】第1题:C第2题:B第3题:B第4题:D第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewing定位至第一段:Thekeyelementtosuccessfulinterviewingcanbesummedupinoneword:attitude(面试成功的关键因素可以总结为一个词：态度)。故选C。2.细节事实题。第二段指出:Remember,thereareplentyofcompetitorswiththeabilitytodoalmostanygivenjob—especiallyattheentrylevel(记住，有很多竞争对手几乎能胜任任何特定的工作，尤其是入门级的工作)，因此A项错误。第二段:Thewaymostemployersdifferentiateattheentrylevelisbycandidates'attitudestowardthejob(大多数面试人员一般根据候选人员的工作态度来选择应聘者),故B项正确。因此推测C项(大部分雇主通过应聘者的入门级别来区分他们)错误。根据上一题可知D项(更好的经验和分数（等级）变成了选择的最重要因素)错误。3.细节事实题。第三段:Askanymanagerwhothemostvaluablememberofhisteamis,andhewillpointnottotheoverratedsuperstar,buttothepersonwhohasthe'cando'attitude,thepersonwhocanbecountedoninanysituation,thepersonwhotrulystrivesforexcellence(问问任何一个经理，谁是他团队中最有价值的成员，他不会指那些被高估的超级明星，而是指那些有“能干”态度的人，在任何情况下都可以依靠的人，真正追求卓越的人)。故选B(争取优秀的人)。4.细节事实题。第四段:Thenshowbyyourstoriesandexampleshowthesewordspositivelyaffectyourlife(然后通过自己的经历和故事展示这些话如何积极地影响了你的生活)。因此选D(展示积极态度的话术和例子)。5.主旨大意题。文章的中心论点是:态度是面试成功的关键因素。因此A项(态度决定了你是达到标准还是被弃用)适合作文章标题。6.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:B第5题:A【解析】1.细节事实题。文章首句指出:Thebiographerhastodancebetweentwoshakypositionswithrespecttothesubject(传记作家必须与主人公保持适当距离，并要时常调整与主人公之间的距离).故选A“既要比较了解，又要保持一定距离”。2.判断推理题。题干关键词ThebiographiesofJesusfoundintheBible前面所在句为:Whentheirsubjectsareheroesorfamousfigures,biographersoftenrevealademocraticmotive(当主人公是英雄或著名人物吋，传记作者常常会流露出民主的动机)以及Otherbiographiesaremeanttochangeus(其它一些传记则有意要改变我们)。可知选择D“传记可以有不同的目的”。3.细节事实题。根据第一段内容可知传记作家和主人公的关系太近太远都不好;第二段第一句指出:Thereisnoidealpositionforsuchatask(要完成这一任务，没有最佳位罝);最后一段最后一句:Wesenseintuitivelythatnooneisinapositiontotell“the”storyofalife(我们直觉