广东省广州市越秀区2021-2022学年高一下学期期末英语试题（ 含答案解析 ）

第1页/共1页2021-2022学年越秀区第二学期学业水平调研测试高一年级英语试卷本试卷共10页，满分120分。考让用时120分钟。注意事项:1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、试空号、座位号填写在答题卡上，并用2B份笔填涂符题卡上的机应位置。因不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读理解”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。2.回答选择时，选出正确答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题日的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用像皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.回答非选择题时，必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用粉笔、圆珠笔成涂改液。写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试在和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题25分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AGraffitiHaveyoueverwrittenanythingonawall?It’snothingnewandforthousandsofyearshumanshavebeenwritingmessagesonwalls,bridges,andbuildingsasameansofexpressingthemselves.AncientGraffitiSomeofthefirstgraffitiartistsweretheVikings.YoucanreadsomeataprehistoricsiteinScotland.TheVikingsbrokeintotheburialsiteabout800yearsago,hopingtofindtreasure.Unfortunately,therewasn’tany;however,thecavewasagoodplacetoshelterfromtheterriblestormthatnight,wheretheVikingsleftmessagesonthewallstopassthetime.Interestingly,manyofthethingstheywrotearetypicalofmodern-daygraffiti,forexample,“Johnmadethiscross.”PoliticalGraffitiAttimes,graffitiisusedtomakepoliticalstatements.DuringWorldWar,peopleinoccupiedHollandpaintedorangevictory“V”signsonwallsinmajortowns.Here’sanotherexample:“Nomorewars!”AmericanGraffitiDuringthe1970sanewtypeofgraffitibecamepopularintheStates:tagging(标记).Bandsofyoungstersslippedawayintothestreetsatnightwithcansofpaintandlefttheirtagsonasmanywallsaspossible.Sometimestheyalsorespondedtootherpeople’sgraffiti.Somepeopleseethisformofgraffitiasanexampleofurbanart;othersseeitasanexampleofurbandecline.BritishGraffitiInBritain,oneofthemostpopularformsofgraffitiisknownas“toiletgraffiti”,whichiscommononthewallsofpublictoiletsalloverthecountry.Thegraffitioftenconsistsofafunnyorrudecomment.Occasionallyitwillbearesponsetoanotherpieceofgraffiti,oratothertimesitwillbeapoliticalcomment.1.WhydidtheVikingsleavemessagesattheprehistoricsite?A.Torelievetheirboredom.B.Tocauseasenseofmystery.C.Todisplaytheirstrength.D.Toshowtheirdisappointment.2.Whatconclusionhastheauthordrawnaccordingtothepassage?A.Rudecommentsarenotallowedonwalls.B.TheVikingscreatedtheveryfirstgraffiti.C.Politicalgraffitiresultedinmoreconflicts.D.Thereremainsomeargumentsabouttagging.3.Inwhichofthefollowingtypescanpeoplereplytograffiti?A.AncientGraffiti&BritishGraffitiB.AncientGraffiti&PoliticalGraffiti.C.AmericanGraffiti&BritishGraffiti.D.PoliticalGraffiti&AmericanGraffiti.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四种不同类型的涂鸦。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据“AncientGraffiti”下面的“Unfortunately,therewasn’tany;however,thecavewasagoodplacetoshelterfromtheterriblestormthatnight,wheretheVikingsleftmessagesonthewallstopassthetime.(不幸的是，没有任何宝藏；然而，那天晚上，这个洞穴是躲避可怕暴风雨的好地方，维京人在墙上留言打发时间)”可知，维京人在这个史前地点留下信息是想要打发时间，缓解自己的无聊。故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据“AmericanGraffiti”下面的“Duringthe1970sanewtypeofgraffitibecamepopularintheStates:tagging(标记).(20世纪70年代，一种新型涂鸦在美国流行起来：标记)”和“Somepeopleseethisformofgraffitiasanexampleofurbanart;othersseeitasanexampleofurbandecline.(有些人将这种涂鸦形式视为城市艺术的一个例子；其他人则将其视为城市衰落的一个例子)”可知，针对标记这种涂鸦形式，有些人认为这是艺术，有些人认为这是城市衰落的例子。由此可推测出，作者得出的结论是，仍然有一些关于标记的争论。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“AmericanGraffiti”下面的“Sometimestheyalsorespondedtootherpeople’sgraffiti.(有时他们也会回应别人的涂鸦)”和“BritishGraffiti”下面的“Occasionallyitwillbearesponsetoanotherpieceofgraffiti,oratothertimesitwillbeapoliticalcomment.(偶尔，这会是对另一幅涂鸦的回应，或者在其他时候，这将是一种政治评论)”可知，在美式涂鸦和英式涂鸦中，人们可以对其他的涂鸦做出回应。故选C。BWangShuangwasjustfivewhenherparentsdivorced,droppedheratheruncle’sandleft.Football,asitoftenis,becameanescape.Atseven,shewasspottedbycoachXuYilong,whofoundWangquickinherplayfulbehaviour.Astheonlygirlintheboys’team,Wang’sperformanceswereimpressive,earningherthenickname“IronGirl.”Andsoon,shesensedthesport’spower.Footballallowedherto“releaseherself”andrealize“whateverhappens,footballneverleavesyoualone.”However,lifewasneversmoothsailing.Theconstantjibes(嘲讽)fromsomepeople,whoalwaystriedtopushherdownanddestroyherhopes,affectedhersodeeplythatshelostconfidence.”TheyweresayingIhadnotalentatall.Gradually,Ifeltreallyso.“Wangoncewrote.Butneverdidshestopplaying.Whenshewascalleduptothenationalteam,aged17,Wangthought,“Me?Areyousure?”Whenaworld-famousclubwantedtosignher,shewas“excitedthatanexcellentcoachthoughtIwasgood.”Itwasonlythenthatshefeltconfidentinherabilities.“Ifeltrecognized.PerhapsIhadabitoftalentafterall.”Notany“bitoftalent”;thegeniusispraisedasChina’sonce-in-a-generationplayerChinaisapioneerofwomen’sfootballinAsiaandhaswonthecontinentalchampionshipeighttimes,includingsevenstraighttitlesbetween1986and1999.Thatwastheirgoldenage.Gradually,though,thedynastydeclined.ItishopedthatWangwillinspirethewomen’sfootballofthecountrytoitsformerheight.Coachesarealmostalwayshesitanttospeakaboutindividualplayers.ButwhencoachShuiwasaskedaboutWangbeforethematchagainstVietnam,shecouldn’tstopmentioningherinfluenceontheteam.Unfailinglyperformingonthebigstage,Wangdidnotletherteamdown.Whentheylackedaqualityball,shedeliveredtwohighassiststhatfinallyledherteamintothelast-fourclash(交锋).“Nobodyknowshowharditwas,“declaredWangafterthematch.“Weovercamedifficulties.Wealsoshowedourstrongspiritualpower.Iamproudofmyteam.”4.WhatcanweinferaboutWangfromthesecondparagraph?A.Sheearnedalivingonherown. B.Shefeltthepowerofsports.C.Shewaslaughedatbytheboys. D.Shefoundasenseofbelonging5.HowdidWangregainfaithinherabilities?A.Bywinningrecognition. B.Bygettingencouragement.C.Byplayinginthenationalteam. D.Byignoringotherpeople’sjibes.6.WhichwouldbestdescribecoachShui’sattitudetoWang?A.Caring. B.Unwilling. C.Favorable. D.Demanding7.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.WangShuang:ASteelRose B.WangShuang:AChildGeniusC.WangShuang:AFootballPioneer D.WangShuang:AGoldenAgeSuccessor·【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了足球运动员王霜五岁父母离婚，她从踢足球中找到了归属感，17岁被召入国家队时，自信大增，她的能力也得到了教练的认可。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“Footballallowedherto“releaseherself”andrealize“whateverhappens,footballneverleavesyoualone.”(足球让她“释放自己”，并意识到“无论发生什么，足球永远不会让你独自一人。”)”可推知，是足球让王霜释放自己，并意识到无论发生什么，足球永远不会让自己孤单。说明她在足球当中她找到了一种归属感。故选D项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Whenaworld-famousclubwantedtosignher,shewas“excitedthatanexcellentcoachthoughtIwasgood.”Itwasonlythenthatshefeltconfidentinherabilities.“Ifeltrecognized.PerhapsIhadabitoftalentafterall.”(当一家世界著名的俱乐部想签下她时，她“很兴奋，因为一位优秀的教练认为我很优秀”。直到那时她才对自己的能力感到自信。“我觉得自己被认可了。也许我还是有点天赋的。”)”可知，一位优秀的教练认为王霜很好，并想签下她，因此她通过赢得别人对自己的认可对自己的能力恢复了信心。故选A项。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Coachesarealmostalwayshesitanttospeakaboutindividualplayers.ButwhencoachShuiwasaskedaboutWangbeforethematchagainstVietnam,shecouldn’tstopmentioningherinfluenceontheteam.Unfailinglyperformingonthebigstage,Wangdidnotletherteamdown.(教练们几乎总是不愿谈论个别球员。但当主教练在与越南的比赛前被问及王时，她情不自禁地提到了她对球队的影响。在大舞台上，王没有让她的团队失望)”可知，水教练认为王霜对球队影响力很大，没有让她的团队失望，说明教练对王霜非常的称赞。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“Astheonlygirlintheboys’team,Wang’sperformanceswereimpressive,earningherthenickname“IronGirl.”(作为男队中唯一的女孩，王的表现令人印象深刻，为她赢得了“铁女”的绰号)”以及倒数第二段“Coachesarealmostalwayshesitanttospeakaboutindividualplayers.ButwhencoachShuiwasaskedaboutWangbeforethematchagainstVietnam,shecouldn’tstopmentioningherinfluenceontheteam.Unfailinglyperformingonthebigstage,Wangdidnotletherteamdown.(教练们几乎总是不愿谈论个别球员。但当主教练在与越南的比赛前被问及王时，她情不自禁地提到了她对球队的影响。在大舞台上，王没有让她的团队失望)”可知教练对王霜的能力非常的认可，对于一个影响力十足的女性足球运动员来说“铿锵玫瑰”的称号值得拥有。因此A项“王霜：铿锵玫瑰”适合作为文章标题。故选A项。CAsthesayinggoes:TheInternetisforever.Onceyou’veputsomethingonline—acreditcardnumber,asillyphoto,aheat-of-the-momentcommentonsocialmedia—itcancomebacktodisturbyou.Butwhataretherisks,really?“Therearetwoworst-casesituations,“saysRichardKlosowski,privacyandsecurityeditorofaproduct-recommendationservice.”Themostobviousoneisasecurityissue.Everyone’se-mailaddressandbasicdetailsareletoutsomewhereonline,andifyoureusepasswords,thatmeansacriminalorimmoralpersonwillhaveaneasiertimegettingintoyouaccounts.Theproblemisgettingworse:Identitytheftcasesmorethandoubledin2020,accordingtoasurveyconductedbyHarvarduniversity,withreportedfinanciallossesfromfraud(欺诈)overallclimbingto$3.3billionfrom$1.8billionin2019.“Thesecondworse-casesituationismoreprimal:embarrassment,”saysKlosowski.Andsometimesthepricks(刺痛)toourpridearefarmorepersonalthanfeelingashamedoveranawfulphoto.“Manyofusstoreourmostintimatethoughtsinadigitalnotesapp,drafte-mailsweneversend,orpouroutourprivatefeelingsintoadirectmessagetoafriend.Thisisthetypeofthingthatcanbedisclosedonline,eitherthroughaproviderbeingignoredorthroughyourownmisunderstandingoftheoften-confusingprivacysettingsinthesoftwareandservices.”Withthesesortsofslip-ups,thestakescanbehigh.Butyou’renotpowerless.Youcanstandupforyourprivacyandbegintotakecontrol,startingrightnow.8.Theunderlinedsaying“TheInternetisforever.”inParagraph1probablymeans_____A.Moreandmorepeoplecan’tlivewithouttheInternet.B.PeopleusetheInternettosolveproblemsallthetime.C.TheInternetisdevelopingsofastthatitwillexistforever.D.WhatpeopleusedtodoontheInternetcanbetracedback.9.Howdidtheauthorexpresstheworseningconditionsofthesecurityissue?A.Byquotingexperts.B.Byanalyzingthedata.C.Byprovidingexamples.D.Bymakingcomparison.10.AccordingtoKlosowski,whydopeoplefeelembarrassedonline?A.Theirprivatethoughtsandfeelinggetleakedonline.B.Theirprivatethoughtsarcwritteninandigitalnotesapp.C.Theirmessagesaresentwithprivatefeelingtotheirfriends.D.Theirprivacysettingsarepaidnoattentiontointhesoftware.11.Whatwillthefollowingpartofthispassagetalkabout?A.ThebenefitsthattheInternetbringtopeople.B.Theotherseriousproblemspeoplemeetonline.C.Moreexamplesofhowpeoplefeelembarrassedonline.D.Themeasurespeopleshouldtaketosolvetheproblems.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了放在网上的任何东西都有可能造成风险，产生安全问题和尴尬。然而你并不是毫无办法，你可以捍卫自己的隐私并开始掌控。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据下文的“Onceyou’veputsomethingonline—acreditcardnumber,asillyphoto,aheat-of-the-momentcommentonsocialmedia—itcancomebacktodisturbyou.(一旦你在网上放一些东西上——信用卡号码、一张愚蠢的照片、社交媒体上的热门评论——它就会回来打扰你。)”可知，曾经在网上做的事情都可以被追查到，反噬自身。由此可推测出，说“互联网是永恒的”意在表明在网上做的事情会保留痕迹，会被查出来。故选D。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Theproblemisgettingworse:Identitytheftcasesmorethandoubledin2020,accordingtoasurveyconductedbyHarvarduniversity,withreportedfinanciallossesfromfraud(欺诈)overallclimbingto$3.3billionfrom$1.8billionin2019.(问题越来越严重：根据哈佛大学的一项调查，2020年身份盗窃案件增加了一倍多，据报道，欺诈造成的财务损失从2019年的18亿美元攀升至33亿美元。)”可知，在描述安全问题恶化时，作者引用了哈佛大学的调查数据，身份盗窃案件增加一倍多，欺诈造成的财务损失从18亿美元攀升至33亿美元，通过分析这些数据展示情况的严重性。故选B。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Manyofusstoreourmostintimatethoughtsinadigitalnotesapp,drafte-mailsweneversend,orpouroutourprivatefeelingsintoadirectmessagetoafriend.Thisisthetypeofthingthatcanbedisclosedonline,eitherthroughaproviderbeingignoredorthroughyourownmisunderstandingoftheoften-confusingprivacysettingsinthesoftwareandservices.(我们中的许多人将自己最个人的想法存储在数字笔记应用程序中，起草却从未发送过的电子邮件，或将自己的私人感受直接发送给朋友。这是一种可以在网上被披露的事情，要么是通过一个被忽略的提供商，要么是你自己对软件和服务中经常令人困惑的隐私设置的误解)”可知，人们在网上储存的一切关于自己私人想法和感受的内容都可以被泄露，所以这会让人感到尴尬。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。最后一段“Withthesesortsofslip-ups,thestakescanbehigh.Butyou’renotpowerless.Youcanstandupforyourprivacyandbegintotakecontrol,startingrightnow.(有了这些疏漏，风险可能很高。但你并非无能为力。你可以维护自己的隐私并开始掌控一切，从现在开始)”指出，尽管上网可能导致自己的信息泄露，造成安全问题和尴尬，但你并非毫无办法，你可以开始维护自己的隐私并掌控一切。由此可推测出，接下来文章应该讲述人们可以采取的能够解决问题的措施。故选D。DInMay2012,Australia’sMacquarieDictionaryandtheMcCannAdvertisingAgencygatheredagroupoflanguageexpertstonameaphenomenoncommonintheageofthesmartphone.Theycalledthephenomenon“phubbing”,anddefined(定义)itas“theactofsnubbing(无视)someoneinasocialsettingbylookingatyourphoneinsteadofpayingattention”.It’snottheusualwaywordsbegintoexist.Amonthlater,thefirstexampleofphubbinginamajornewspaperappearedinalettertotheeditoroftheAge,publishedinMelbourne.Sincethen,thewordhasappearedinvariousmediaovertheworld.PhubbinghasyettobefullyadoptedintheU.S.,butwehavecollectedsomeevidenceofitinuse.On29September2015,JamesA.RobertswroteintheHufininglonPost,“Inthepresentcase,phubbingisacombinationofthewordsphoneandsnubbing.Tobephubbedistobesnubbedbysomeoneusingtheircellphonewhileinyourcompany.Thephubbingcouldbeaninterruptionofyourconversationwithsomeonewhenheorsheusestheircellphoneorisdistractedbyit(stealglanceswhentheythinkyou’renotlooking)insteadofpayingattentiontoyou.Maybeworse,you’vebeenphubbedifsomeoneusedtheircellphoneinsteadofcommunicatingwithyouwhilestayingclosetoyou.Oh,theshame.”Themeaningandvariousformsofthewordhaveyettosettleout.Isitphubbingifyou’restaringatyourtabletinsteadofyourphone?Isthesingularnoun(andthebaseformoftheverb)spelledphubb,asintheexampleabove,orphub,asinsomeothersources?Thesearethesortsofquestionswe’llneedanswerstobeforewe’rereadytoconsiderphubbinganditsrelationsforentry.Inthemeanwhile,youcanofcourseusephubbingifyoufeeltheneed.Itseemswealldothesedays.12.WhatisthefocusofParagraph1?A.Theusageofphubbing.B.Thebirthofphubbing.C.Theinluenceofphubbing.D.Thedefinitionofphubbing13.WhatmayphubbingprobablyleadtoaccordingtoJamesA.Roberts?A.Embarrassmentindailycommunication.B.Heavyrelianceoncellphones.C.Completeignorancebyyourfriends.D.Shameinusingcellphone.14.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraphabouttheword“phubb”?A.Itarousesheateddiscussion.B.Itprovestobesettled.C.It’snotincludedinadictionary.D.Itiswidelyused.15.Whichsectiondoesthearticleprobablybelongto?A.Science. B.Resource. C.Literature. D.Language.【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“phubbing”这个单词的产生、定义、用法等。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“InMay2012,Australia’sMacquarieDictionaryandtheMcCannAdvertisingAgencygatheredagroupoflanguageexpertstonameaphenomenoncommonintheageofthesmartphone.Theycalledthephenomenon‘phubbing’,anddefined(定义)itas‘theactofsnubbing(无视)someoneinasocialsettingbylookingatyourphoneinsteadofpayingattention’.(2012年5月，澳大利亚麦考瑞词典和麦肯广告公司召集了一组语言专家，为智能手机时代常见的一种现象命名。他们将这种现象称为‘phubbing’，并将其定义为‘在社交环境中，通过看手机而不是集中注意力来冷落某人的行为’)”可知，本段主要讲述的是“phubbing”这个单词的产生。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。第三段中JamesA.Roberts在说到交流过程中对方被手机分心而冷落了你的情况时，他用“Oh,theshame.(啊，太丢脸了)”进行评价。由此可推测出，他认为phubbing会导致在日常交流中出现尴尬。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Thesearethesortsofquestionswe’llneedanswerstobeforewe’rereadytoconsiderphubbinganditsrelationsforentry.(在我们准备考虑将phubing及其关联词输入词条之前，我们需要回答这些问题)”可推知，“phubbing”的关联词“phub”还没有进入词典。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“agroupoflanguageexpertstonameaphenomenoncommonintheageofthesmartphone(一组语言专家，为智能手机时代常见的一种现象命名)”可知，“phubbing”是一群语言专家创造出来的一个单词。通读全文可知，本文围绕“phubbing”这个单词展开，包括产生、定义、用法等，所以本篇文章属于语言范畴。故选D。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Doyoucompareyourselftootherpeople?PerhapsyourbestfriendreceivedsomethingyoureallywantedforChristmas,oryou’renotallowedtogotoaconcertbutyourbrotherorsisteris.Comparisonsarenormalandcansometimesbehelpful.____16____Whydoesfocusingyourselfmatter?Wetendtocompareourselvestootherswhoaredoingbetterornotaswellasourselves,butcomparingyourachievementstoyourpastself(whereyoustarted)andyourfutureself(whereyou’dliketogetto)canbemorepositive.____17____.Andyouwillbeexcitedaboutwhatyoumightdo.Focusingonyourowngoalsismorerewardingthanalwaystryingtocomeoutontop.Comparingyourselftothosearoundyouisnaturalandweoftendoitwithoutrealizing.Itcanhelpustomeasureourachievementandtoformfriendshipswithnewpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.____18____,especiallyonlineandonsocialmedia.Takingnoteofhowthecomparisonismakingyoufeelmatters,too.____19____,chooseadifferentrolemodelorfocusonyourownstrengthsandwhatyou’regoodat.Itcanhelptoboostyourself-esteemandyou`llbeinhighspiritsagainafterdoingso.Jealousyandenvyareordinaryemotions,butfocusingonimprovingyourownperformancecanhelpyoufeelsuccessful.____20____.Itcanhelpnotonlytoboostyourfriend’smoodbutcanalsohelpyoufeelgood.Itwillencourageyoutobuildeachotherup.A.WhenyoutakenotesB.IfyoubegintofeelquitelowC.Inaddition,celebratesuccesswithyourfriends.D.Also,learntocelebrateyourfriend’sachievementsE.Thiscanmakeyoufeelproudofwhatyou’veachievedF.However,focusingonyourownprogressisimportantforyourwell-beingG.Howeverit’simportanttoberealisticandrememberthatnobodyisperfect【答案】16.F17.E18.G19.B20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了和他人比较是一件很正常也很有帮助的事情，但关注自身的进步对自己的幸福也很重要。【16题详解】前文“Comparisonsarenormalandcansometimesbehelpful.(比较是正常的，有时也会有所帮助)”对比较表示肯定。下文“Whydoesfocusingyourselfmatter?(为什么关注自己很重要？)”引出了要关注自己。所以空处承上启下，与前文形成转折，并引出关注自己的重要性。F项“然而，关注自己的进步对你的幸福很重要”符合题意。故选F。【17题详解】前文“Wetendtocompareourselvestootherswhoaredoingbetterornotaswellasourselves,butcomparingyourachievementstoyourpastself(whereyoustarted)andyourfutureself(whereyou’dliketogetto)canbemorepositive.(我们倾向于将自己与比自己做得更好或做得不如自己的人进行比较，但将你的成就与过去的自己，即你开始的地方，和未来的自己，即你想达到的地方，进行比较可能会更积极)”强调了和自己比较会有更加积极的结果。E项“这会让你为自己所取得的成就感到自豪”对前文进行进一步评价，且选项中的“This”指代上文中的“comparingyourachievementstoyourpastself(whereyoustarted)andyourfutureself(whereyou’dliketogetto)”。故选E。【18题详解】前文“Itcanhelpustomeasureourachievementandtoformfriendshipswithnewpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.(它可以帮助我们衡量自己的成就，并与有相似兴趣的新人建立友谊)”说明了与他人比较的一些好处。结合空后的“especiallyonlineandonsocialmedia”可知，空处应和上文形成转折，G项“然而，重要的是要实事求是，记住没有人是完美的”符合题意，且“nobodyisperfect”和空后的“especiallyonlineandonsocialmedia”相照应。故选G。【19题详解】前文“Takingnoteofhowthecomparisonismakingyoufeelmatters,too.(注意这种比较给你的感觉也很重要)”讲要注意自身的感受。空后“chooseadifferentrolemodelorfocusonyourownstrengthsandwhatyou’regoodat(选择一个不同的榜样，或者专注于自己的优势和擅长的事情)”讲述了可以换一个比较对象或者把注意力放在自己身上。所以空处应是讲述自己的某种感受，B项“如果你开始感觉很低落”承上启下。故选B。【20题详解】下文“Itcanhelpnotonlytoboostyourfriend’smoodbutcanalsohelpyoufeelgood.(它不仅有助于提升你朋友的情绪，还可以帮助你感觉良好)”指出空处说的事情对朋友和自己的情绪都有好处，所以D项“而且，学会庆祝你朋友的成就”符合题意。故选D。第三部分语言应用(共2节，满分30分)第一节阅读下而短文，从每思所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以坑入空白处的最佳选项。“Haveyoucheckedtheoilinthecar?”myfatherusedtosaytome,hisversionof“Hello,hopeyouarewell.”Sometimesourphonecallswouldbeginwithaninquiryabouttheoilandendwithoneaboutthe____21____Fathershavealotoflovetogive,____22____it’softensuppliedthroughthemediumof____23____advice.Inmyexperience:It’smostlyaboutyourmotorvehicle.Mystudentcar—anoldgreenToyotaboughtfor$500—wasthevehicle____24____hispaternalaffections.Ibetit’s____25____beenso.BackinancientRome,thefatherwouldtestthesononthestateofhiscarriage.Whycan’tfathersjustsay“Iloveyou”or“It’sgreattoseeyou”?Thepointis:Youjusthaveto___26___fromthelanguagethatisFatherlish.Listencloselyenoughandthephrase“Iloveyou”canbe____27____intheslightlylengthier“IcouldcomearoundSaturdayand___28___theseal(密封圈)aroundthebasicofyourtoiletbecauseIassumethatthingisgettingreallysmelly.Theaffectionatephrase“Youmademylife____29____fromthemomentyouwereborn”mayberarelyheardbutthereisthemore____30____“I’llholdtheladderwhileyougettheleavesofftheroof.”WhenIwas17,IwentonmyfirstroadtripinthatToyota.Myfatherstoodonthecorner.“Highwaysare____31____”hesaid“sodon’ttryovertakinganythingfasterthanahorseandcarriage.Andtakeabreakeverytwo____32____.Andeverytimeyoustopforgas,youreallyshould____33____theoil.”Atthetimewethoughthisspeechwasprettyfunnyandwouldrepeat“horseandcarriage”everytimeIspeduptoovertakesomeotherspeedingvehicle.Dad’slonggonenow.Butafteralltheseyears,I____34____thathadIownedacopyoftheFatherlishtoEnglishdictionary.I’dhaveunderstoodthatthespeechmyfriendandIso____35____wassimplydad’sattemptataffection.21.A.love B.car C.advice D.oil22.A.but B.so C.because D.when23.A.amazing B.practical C.funny D.useless24.A.mixedwith B.testedwith C.filledwith D.putupwith25.A.hardly B.nearly C.never D.always26.A.translate B.learn C.speak D.hear27.A.copied B.heard C.seen D.said28A.buy B.replace C.bring D.draw29.A.busy B.excited C.better D.dull30.A.common B.meaningful C.useful D.ordinary31.A.fast B.expensive C.rare D.dangerous32.A.days B.minutes C.hours D.weeks33.A.buy B.use C.check D.need34.A.remember B.recognize C.reflect D.realize35.A.ignored B.forgot C.laughed D.owned【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.C25.D26.A27.B28.B29.C30.A31.D32.C33.C34.D35.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者的父亲总是用一些实际的建议来表达自己的爱意，父亲去世后，作者才意识到这一点。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时我们的电话以询问汽油的情况开始，以询问汽油的情况结束。A.love爱；B.car汽车；C.advice建议；D.oil汽油。根据上文“Haveyoucheckedtheoilinthecar?(你检查过车里的油了吗？)”可知，此处指询问汽油的情况。故选D。【22题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：父亲有很多爱要给予，但通常是通过实用的建议来提供的。A.but但是；B.so所以；C.because因为；D.when当……时候。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：父亲有很多爱要给予，但通常是通过实用的建议来提供的。A.amazing惊人的；B.practical实用的；C.funny有趣的；D.useless无用的。根据后文“Inmyexperience:It’smostlyaboutyourmotorvehicle.(根据我的经验：主要是关于你的机动车辆)”可知，父亲有很多爱要给予，但通常是通过实用的建议来提供的。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的学生车——一辆花500美元买的旧的绿色丰田——是充满他父爱的交通工具。A.mixedwith混合；B.testedwith测试；C.filledwith装满；D.putupwith忍受。根据后文“hispaternalaffections”可知，作者的车充满了父亲的爱，故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我打赌一直都是这样。A.hardly几乎不；B.nearly几乎；C.never从不；D.always总是。根据后文“BackinancientRome,thefatherwouldtestthesononthestateofhiscarriage.(在古罗马，父亲会测试儿子的马车状况)”可知，这种父爱的形式从古就有，一直是这样。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：关键是：你只需要从父亲式的语言中翻译出来。A.translate翻译；B.learn学习；C.speak说；D.hear听见。根据后文“fromthelanguagethatisFatherlish”以及上文，可知父爱很隐晦，要从语言中翻译出来。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细听，你会听到“我爱你”这句话——在稍微长一点的句子中——“我可以星期六来帮你换马桶底部的密封条，因为我想那东西真的很臭。”A.copied复制；B.heard听见；C.seen看见；D.said说。呼应上文“Listenclosely”指从后文的句子中听出父爱的意味。故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：仔细听，你会听到“我爱你”这句话——在稍微长一点的句子中——“我可以星期六来帮你换马桶底部的密封条，因为我想那东西真的很臭。”A.buy购买；B.replace取代；C.bring带来；D.draw绘画。根据后文“thesealaroundthebasicofyourtoiletbecauseIassumethatthingisgettingreallysmelly”可知，父亲在提出更换马桶的密封圈，故选B。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“从你出生的那一刻起，你让我的生活变得更美好”这句深情的话可能很少听到，但更常见的是“你把屋顶上的树叶弄掉时，我来扶着梯子。”A.busy忙碌的；B.excited激动的；C.better更好的；D.dull乏味的。根据上文“Theaffectionatephrase”可知，是充满爱意的话，所以想表达的是“从你出生的那一刻起，你让我的生活变得更美好”。故选C。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“从你出生的那一刻起，你让我的生活变得更美好”这句深情的话可能很少听到，但更常见的是“你把屋顶上的树叶弄掉时，我来扶着梯子。”A.common共同的，常见的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.useful有用的；D.ordinary普通的。根据上文“mayberarelyheardbutthereisthemore”中but表示转折，说明上文的很少听到，听到更常见的是后文“你把屋顶上的树叶弄掉时，我来扶着梯子。”故选A。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“高速公路很危险，”他说，“所以不要试图超过任何比马车快的东西。”A.fast快的；B.expensive昂贵的；C.rare少见的；D.dangerous危险的。根据后文“sodon’ttryovertakinganythingfasterthanahorseandcarriage.(所以不要试图超过任何比马车快的东西)”可知，父亲认为高速公路很危险，不要超速，故选D。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：每两个小时休息一下。A.days天；B.minutes分钟；C.hours小时；D.weeks周。上文“Highwaysare”提到在高速公路开车，所以是每两个小时休息一下。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次你停下来加油的时候，你真的应该检查一下油。A.buy购买；B.use使用；C.check检查；D.need需要。呼应第一段“Haveyoucheckedtheoilinthecar?(你检查过车里的油了吗？)”指检查车里的油。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这么多年过去了，我意识到，如果我有一本《父亲式英语》词典，我就会明白，我和我的朋友如此忽视的那句话，只不过是父亲表达爱意的一种尝试。A.remember记得；B.recognize识别；C.reflect反映；D.realize意识到。后文“hadIownedacopyoftheFatherlishtoEnglishdictionary,I’dhaveunderstoodthatthespeechmyfriendandIso”主要是作者的感悟，即作者意识到父爱的表达被自己所忽视。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但这么多年过去了，我意识到，如果我有一本《父亲式英语》词典，我就会明白，我和我的朋友如此忽视的那句话，只不过是父亲表达爱意的一种尝试。A.ignored忽视；B.forgot忘记；C.laughed笑；D.owned拥有。根据第一段““Haveyoucheckedtheoilinthecar?”myfatherusedtosaytome,hisversionof“Hello,hopeyouarewell.”(“你检查过车里的油了吗？”我父亲过去常对我说，这是他版本的“你好，希望你一切都好。”)”可知，父亲如今已经去世，在父亲在世时，作者忽视了他父爱的表达方式，故选A。第二节(共10小题:每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。ThecityofRiodeJanciroopeneditsworld-famouscarnivalon20April.It____36____(postpone)fortwomonthsbecauseofCovid-19inBrazil,whichisthefirstcountry____37____(celebrate)thecarnivalintheworld.Itwassmaller____38____usualbecauseofthepandemic.Eachyeara“carnivalmonarch”____39____(know)asKingMomoischosentostarttheparty.Followingcarnivaltradition,Rio’smayor____40____(excite)presentedagiant“keytothecity”to2022’sKingMomo,“IproudlyannouncethegreatestshowonEarthisback."Rio’scarnivalusuallytakesplaceinlateFebruary.Thefestivalfeaturescelebrationswithlotsofdancersin____41____(colour)costumes.Thisyearoneofthebiggest____42____(parade)tookplaceon23AprilintheSambadromestadium.Theparadefeaturessambaschools____43____(compete)againsteachotherforprizes.Eachgroupofdancershasatheme—forinstance,onesambaschoolshowedtheirrespect____44____thefamousBraziliansingerElzaSoarea,_____45_____diedearlierthisyearCarnivalsignifiesthereturnofnormallife.There’snogreatertriumphthanthat.【答案】36.waspostponed37.tocelebrate38.than39.known40.excitedly41.colourful42.parades43.competing44.to45.who【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。4月20日，举世闻名的狂欢节在里约热内卢开幕。文章主要介绍了巴西狂欢节的一些情况。【36题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：巴西是世界上第一个庆祝狂欢节的国家，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，它被推迟了两个月。主语与谓语构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填waspostponed。【37题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：巴西是世界上第一个庆祝狂欢节的国家，但由于新冠肺炎疫情，它被推迟了两个月。名词前由序数词修饰，后跟不定式作后置定语。故填tocelebrate。【38题详解】考查比较级。句意：由于流感大流行，它比平时要小。根据上文smaller可知应用than，故填than。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：每年都会