九年级英语语法

被动语态ThePassiveVoice学习目标1、知道被动语态的定义和形式2、如何变主动语态为被动语态3、理解现在、过去和将来等时态的句子是如何变化的4、能使用好被动语态的句子WhatdoesMrzhangdoeveryday?MrZhangwashesbowlevery

day.主谓宾(受动者)Bowlis

washedbyMr

Zhang

every

day.改为被动语态被动语态基本用法当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词构成，时态通过be表现出来。be+P.P.被动语态的基本结构:有各种时态的变化TheyplayfootballonSunday.Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.Theyoftenusecomputersinclass.WemakethesemachinesinBeilun.FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.Computersareoftenusedbytheminclass.ThesemachinesaremadeinBeilun.你知道这些被动句的否定句和一般疑问句吗？1.They

make

shoesinthatfactory.主语+及物动词+宾语Shoes

aremade(bythem)inthatfactory.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词变为被动语态Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.主谓宾(受动者)Thelittlebaby

waslookedafterbyhimyesterday.Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.Wecleanedourclassroomjustnow.Theyusedthisroomforresting.Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.Ourclassroomwascleanedbyusjustnow.Thisroomwasusedforrestingbythem.2.They

bought

tencomputerslastterm．Tencomputers

werebought(bythem)lastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词Tomwillcleantheroomtomorrow.主谓宾(受动者)TheroomwillbecleanedbyTom

tomorrow.Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.Theheadmasterwillgiveatalkthisafternoon.Thefarmerswillgrowdifferentkindsofvegetablesnextspring.Asportsmeetingwillbehadbyusnextweek.Somephotoswillbetakenbychildrenintheschoolyardtomorrow.Atalkwillbegivenbytheheadmasterthisafternoon.Differentkindsofvegetableswillbegrownbythefarmersnextspring.3.They

willfinish

theworkintendays.Thework

willbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词4．Amy

cantakegoodcareof

Gina

．Gina

canbetakengoodcareof

byAmy.情态动词：S+can/may/must/should+be+过去分词1.Hecantakecareofthebaby.2.Lucymaydrawthepictures.3.Youmustturnoffthelights.4.TheyshouldlearnEnglishwell.Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.Thelightsmustbeturnedoffbyyou.Englishshouldbelearnedwellbythem.练习：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.TheymadecomputersintheU.S.A.3.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.4.Peopleusedmetalformakingmachines.5.TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.

被动语态中的特殊情况1.不及物动词带介词和介词宾语时，在变为被动语态时，仍然要带上介词。e.g.Thestudentslisten

totheteachercarefullyinclass.被动句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被动句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.

2.当动词带有复合宾语(有宾补)，

并且宾补是省去“to”的动词不定式时，在被动语态中应加上“to”。e.g.Theymakeusdoallthework.被动句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.e.g.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被动句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.这些动词真奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。（let，have，make，feel，see，watch，hear，notice…)3.当动词带双宾语时(一个宾语是指人，一个是指物)，将其中指人的宾语提前作被动句的主语时，另一个宾语按顺序照抄下来；如是将指物的宾语提前作被动句的主语，在被动句中则指人宾语前应加“to”或“for”

。常见加to的动词有give，send，teach，write，show，pass，ask，tell…常见加for的动词有make，draw，buy…e.g.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.

被动1Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.

被动2Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.

被动1Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.

被动2Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.练习：将下列句子变为被动句。

1.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.

LiLei’sfatherislistenedtocarefullybyLiLei.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.Thebabywaslookedafterbythemotherintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.Thethingsweretakencareofbyus.4.Theygaveussomework.

Weweregivensomeworkbythem.Someworkwasgiventousbythem.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.

Theyweremadetolaughallthetimebytheboy..1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.EXERCISES

areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebookintime.The

ticket

was

found

was

told5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.

wasmadetohave

canbe

used7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMust

be

finished9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.

we

were

given

were

giventous下列时态的被动语态构成

1.Lucyiswateringthetrees.

2.Theboywasmendinghisbike.3.Wehavefinishedourcompositions.

看一看想一想Someworkers

arepainting

theroomsnow．Therooms

arebeingpainted

bysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：

S+am/is/are+being+过去分词I

wasdoing

myhomeworkat8:00lastnight．Myhomework

wasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.过去进行时：

S+was/were+being+过去分词We

havemade

twentymorekeys．Twentymorekeys

havebeenmade

byus.现在完成时：

S+