高中英语选修八重点知识点总结

高中英语选修八重点知识点总结高中英语选修八重点知识1①课内高频词汇means(n.);手段→meaning(n.)意思→mean(v.)打算;意味→meaningful(adj.)有意义的boom(n.)(人口、贸易的)繁荣(vi.)处于迅速发展时期majority(n.)大多数;大半→major(adj.)主要的(v.)主修→minority(n.)()少数;少数民族→minor(adj.)较小的;次要的distinct(adj.)清晰的;明显的;明确的→distinction(n.)差别;区分;卓著5.indicate(vt.)指出;标示;表明;暗示→indication(n.)象征;标示;表明;暗示6.racial(adj.)人种的;种族的→race(n.)种族;比赛→racism(n.)种族主义;种族歧视7.elect(vt.)选择;决定做某事;选举某人→election(n.)选举appear(v.)看上去;出现→apparent(adj.)显而易见的;显然的;表面上的→apparently(adv.)显然地;显而易见地applicant(n.)申请人→apply(vi.)申请→application(n.);申请society(n.)社会→social(adj.)社会的→socialism(n.)社会主义→socialist(n.)社会主义punish(vt.)惩罚→punishment(n.)惩罚occur(vi.)发生;出现→occurence(n.)事件;发生的事→occurred(过去式/过去分词)13.luggage(n.)行李→()baggage(n.)行李;超重行李hire(vt.&n.)租用;雇用→(反义词)fire(vt.)解雇customs(n.)海关;关税;进口税→custom(n.)风俗;习惯→customer(n.)顾客;主顾16.slip(vi.)滑动;滑行;滑跤(n.)滑动;滑倒→slipper(n.)拖鞋→slippery(adj.)滑的②重点1.by_means_of用……方法;借助……2.keep_up坚持;维持;沿袭(风俗、传统等)3.team_up_with与……合作或一起工作4.take_in包括;吸收live_on继续存在make_a_life习惯于新的生活方式、工作等7.apply_for申请;请示得到8.back_to_back背靠背9.mark_out画线;标出……界线10.a_great_many许多③课内重点句型汇总itislikelythat...“很可能……”However,it_is_likely_that(很可能)NativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.why引导的表语从句，表示“……的原因”That_is_why(那就是为什么)todayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.3.过去分词作原因状语(必修五学习过的重点内容，需要加强巩固)Peoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworld,attracted_by(被吸引)theclimateandthelifestyle,stillimmigratetoCalifornia.4.名词性从句作介词的宾语Exactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhat_we_now_know_as(我们现在称之为)California,noonereallyknows.5.it作形式主语的主语从句It_is_believed_that(人们认为)beforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups,butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.高中英语选修八重点知识2课内高频词汇1.differ(vi.)不同;相异→difference(n.)不同;差异→different(adj.)不同的2.exact(adj.)精确的;准确的→exactly(adv.)精确地;准确地undertake(vt.)着手;从事;承担→undertook(过去式)→undertaken(过去分词)→undertaking(n.)任务;项目;事业regulation(n.)规则;规章;法规→regular(adj.)规则的;有规律的5.cast(vt.)扔;投;掷→cast(过去式/过去分词)altogether(adv.)总共;完全地object(vi.)反对;不赞成→objection(n.)不赞成;反对;异议8.moral(adj.)道德(上)的;伦理的→morally(adv.)道德上地;伦理上地9.accumulate(vt.&vi.)积累;聚积→accumulation(n.)积累;聚积10.assumption(n.)假定;设想→assume(vt.)假定;设想11.shortly(adv.)立刻;不久12.retire(vi.)退休;离开→retirement(n.)退休，退职;退役→retired(adj.)退休的;的13.bother(vt.)打扰(vi.)操心(n.)烦扰14.resist(vt.)抵抗;对抗→resistance(n.)抵抗力;反抗→resistant(adj.)有抵抗力的;耐……的15.obtain(vt.)获得;赢得→obtainable(adj.)可获得的;可得到的reason(n.)理由;原因→reasonable(adj.)合情理的;讲道理的;公道的→unreasonable(adj.)(反义词)不合情理的fair(adj.)公平的;适当的;合理的→fairness(n.)公平→fairly(adv.)公平地;相当地02重点短语1.pay_off得到好结果;取得成功;偿清2.cast_down沮丧;不愉快3.have_a_great_impact_on对……有重大影响4.object_to反对5.in_favor_of赞成;支持6.owe..._to_把……归功于……7.(be)_bound_to_(do)一定或注定(做)……8.o_one's_heart使……刻骨铭心9.from_time_to_time不时;偶尔10.bring...back_to_life使复生;使复活11.in_vain白费力气;枉费心机12.in_good/poor_condition状况很好(坏);情况很好(坏)03课内重点句型汇总1.while表对比关系，“然而;可是”一下必修五的倒装句)that引导同位语从句butotherswillsurviveandpassontheabilitytoresistthatdiseasetothenextgeneration.4.basedon...“建立在……的基础之上”，过去分词作状语Based_on(建立在……基础之上)whatweknownow,youcannotcloneanimalsthathavebeenextinctlongerthan10,000years.高中英语选修八重点知识3课内高频词汇distinguish(vi.&vt.)显示……的差别;使……有所不同;辨别→distinguished(adj.)杰出的;著名passive(adj.)被动的;消极的;被动语态的→activeadj.(反义词)积极的3.seize(vt.)抓住;捉住;夺4.freezing(adj.)冰冻的;严寒的→frozen(adj.)冷冻的;结冰的5.bear(vt.)忍受;忍耐;负担→bore(过去式)→born(过去分词)6.tap(vt.&vi.)轻打;轻拍;轻敲(n.)轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头7.practical(adj.)实际的;实践的;实用的→practise(v.)练习→practice(n.)练习，实践8.merciful(adj.)宽大的;仁慈的;慈悲的→mercy(n.)宽大;仁慈convenient(adj.)便利的;方便的;就近的→convenience(n.)便利;方便→inconvenient(adj.)(反义词)不方便的;引起麻烦的caution(n.)小心;谨慎→cautious(adj.)小心的;谨慎的→cautiously(adv.)小心地;谨慎地expectation(n.)预料;期待;期望→expect(v.)预料;期待;期望;认为→unexpected(adj.)未预料到的innocent(adj.)清白的;无罪的;天真的→innocence(n.)天真;清白13.associate(vt.)联想;联系(n.)同伴;伙伴→association(n.)协会;社团;联合;联想14.current(n.)(水或气)流;电流(adj.)现在的;当前的→currently(adv.)现时;当前;普遍地→currency(n.)流行;通货;货币;通用02重点短语1.call_up给……打电话2.set_about开始;着手3.dive_into迅速把手伸入;一心投入4.set_out_(to_do)开始(做)5.get_through设法联系上(尤指打通电话);(设法)做完;通过6.now_and_then偶尔;有时7.hang_on不挂断;紧紧握住;稍等8.out_of_order次序颠倒;发生故障9.ring_back回复电话10.ring_off挂断电话课内重点句型汇总thereseemstobe...“好像有……”ThefirstthingIdidwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme,butthere_only_seemed_to_be(看来只有)powdersdesignedtokillsnakes.“only+状语从句”引起的倒装Only_after_you_have_had_that_recognition(只有在已得到这种认可之后)canyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor.3.nor...until...“直到……才……”Nor_will_you_receive_a_patent_until(你才能获得专利，直到)asearchhasbeenmadetofindoutthatyourproductreallyisdifferentfromeveryoneelse's.4.It'samatterof...“这是……的问题”Nowit's_a_matter_of(只是)waitingandhoping.5.everytime“每次……”引导时间状语从句Every_time(每次)youdoyouwillbecertaintofindsomethingthatyouhaveneverseenbefore.6.祈使句+and/or+陈述句Follow_it_up(跟随它)，exploreallaroundit,andbeforeyouknowit,youwillhavesomethingworththinkingabouttooccupyyourmind.2.remark(n.)谈论;言论;评述(vt.&vi.)谈论;评论;说起→remarkable(adj.)显著的;引起注意的3.betray(vt.)显露出(本来面目);背叛→betrayal(n.)背叛shabby(adj.)破旧的;寒酸的acquaintance(n.)相识;了解;熟人→acquaint(v.)认识6.status(n.)身份;地位;职位→(形近词)statue(n.)雕像7.rob(vt.)抢劫;盗窃;剥夺→robbery(n.)抢劫(行为)10.fade(vi.&vt.)(使)褪色;减弱;逐渐消失11.hesitate(vi.)犹豫;踌躇→hesitation(n.)犹豫;踌躇fortune(n.)机会;运气;大笔的钱→fortunate(adj.)幸运的→fortunately(adv.)幸运地;幸好disgusting(adj.)使人反感的;令人厌恶的→disgusted(adj.)感到厌恶的→disgust(vt.)厌恶;嫌恶classify(vt.)分类;编排→classification(n.)分类;编排→classified(adj.)分类的;保密的15.effective(adj.)有效的→effect(n.)效果;作用horrible(adj.)可怕的;恐怖的→horror(n.)恐怖2重点短语1.in_disguise伪装(的);假扮(的)2.pass...off_as...(把某人)改变或冒充成……3.make_one's_acquaintance结识;与……相见4.generally_speaking一般来说5.in_terms_of就……来说;从……角度6.rob_sb._of_sth.抢劫某人某物7.show...in带或领……进来8.once_more再一次9.in_need_of需要……10.fade_out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊;渐淡11.in_amazement震惊地;惊讶地12.be_superior_to...优于……13.a_handful_of一把;几个14.shelter_from_rain避雨15.the_other_day几天前;那一天16.fancy_oneself自以为是3重点句型“while/when+现在分词”作时间状语While_watching(一边看),hemakesnotes.“beof+抽象名词”表示具有(某种特征或属性)的Willthatbe_of_any_use(有用处)toyou?whatif句式，“如果……又怎么样呢”What_if_I_was(如果我是又怎么样呢)?everytime引导时间状语从句，“每当……的时候”Buttheybetraythemselvesevery_time_they_open_their_mouths(每当张嘴的时候).5.“once+过去分词”的省略结构But,sir,(proudly)once_educated(一旦被)tospeakproperly,thatgirlcouldpassherselfoffinthreemonthsasaduchessatanambassador'sgardenparty.6.形容词(短语)作状语HenryHigginsandColonelPickeringaresittingdeep_in_conversation(深入的交谈).7.“if+haddone，主句用wouldhavedone”表示对过去的虚拟(选修六的虚拟语气需要小伙伴自己去回顾)4单元语法复习过去分词作状语过去分词作状语，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随等意义，此时相当于一个状语从句。1.时间状语Whenhewastoldhismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.(用分词改写)→Toldhismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.2.原因状语Astheywereencouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.→Encouragedbythespeech,theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstotakeupthestruggle.3.条件状语Ifheisgivenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.→Givenanotherchance,hewilldobetter.4.让步状语Althoughhewaslaughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.→Laughedatbymanypeople,hecontinuedhisstudy.5.方式或伴随状语Shewalkedoutofthehouseandshewasfollowedbyherlittledaughter.→Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.分词作状语有时可在前面加上when,while,if,once,though,unless等，以明确作何种状语。Unlessheisinvited,hewon'tgototheparty.→Unlessinvited,hewon'tgototheparty.当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不一致时，分词可以有自己独立的主语，二者构成独立主格结构。Whenourhomeworkwasfinished,wewenthome.→Ourhomeworkfinished,wewenthome.高中英语选修八重点知识5课内高频词汇1.alternative(n.)可能的选择(adj.)供选择的;其他的2.interrupt(vt.&vi.)打断……讲话;打岔;暂时中断或中止3.acute(adj.)有观察力的;敏锐的;严重的;深刻的4.assume(vt.)假定;设想;承担→assumption(n.)假定5.significance(n.)意义;意思;重要性;重要意义→significant(adj.)重要的6.somehow(adv.)以……方式;不知怎么地delete(vt.)删;删除applaud(vi.&vt.)鼓掌欢迎;赞赏→applause(n.)鼓掌9.accelerate(vi.&vt.)加速;促进→acceleration(n.)加速10.arrest(vt.)逮捕;吸引(n.)逮捕;拘留→arresting(adj.)引人注意的;很有吸引力的11.starvation(n.)挨饿;饿死→starve(vi.)挨饿;饿死12.accuracy(n.)精确;准确→accurate(adj.)准确的;精确的13.messy(adj.)凌乱的;脏的→mess(n.)凌乱;脏14.sharpen(vi.&vt.)(使)锋利;尖锐;清晰→sharp(adj.)锋利的;尖锐的→sharpener(n.)磨具;削具15.division(n.)分割;划分;分配;分界线→divide(vt.)划分;隔开;分割ripe(adj.)成熟的→ripen(v.)使……成熟;成熟receptionist(n.)接待员;招待员→receive(v.)收到;接待→reception(n.)接待处;欢迎18.systematic(adj.)有系统的;有计划的;有条理的→system(n.)系统;体系19.analysis(n.)(pl.analyses)分析→analyse(vt.)分析;分解2重点短语1.regardless_of不管;不顾2.at_most至多;最多3.cut_up切碎4.be_fed_up_with受够了;饱受;厌烦5.look_ahead向前看;为将来打算6.date_back_to追溯到……7.arrest_sb._for...因……而逮捕某人8.with_relief欣慰地;轻松地9.be_proud_of以……为骄傲10.turn_to_sb._for_help向某人求助11.keep_out阻止进入12.have_no_alternative_but_to_do...别无选择;只好……3重点句型1.Itseems(tosb.)that...“(对某人来说)似乎……”It_seems_that(看起来似乎)theyusedthesharpenedstonetoolstocutupan