每天读一点英文那些激励我前行身影

07：TearDownThisThankyou.Thankyou,veryChancellorKohl,erningMayorDiepgen,ladiesandgentlemen:Twentyfouryearsago,JohnF.KennedyvisitedBerlin,andspeakingtothepeopleofthiscityandtheworldatthecityhall.Wellsincethentwoothershavecome,eachinhisturntoBerlin.Andtoday,I,myself,makemysecondvisittoyourcity.WecometoBerlin,weAmericans,becauseit'sourdutytospeakinthisceofdom.ButImustconfess,we’redrawnherebyotherthingsaswell;bythefeelingofhistoryinthiscity--morethan500yearsolderthanourownnation;bythebeautyoftheGrunewaldandtheTiergarten;mostofall,byyourcourageand的国家还要久远500年的历史;是Grunewald和Tiergarten的美丽;的，是的Perhapsthecomposer,PaulLinke,understoodsomethingabouts.Yousee,likesomanysbeforeme,IcomeheretodaybecausewhereverIgo,whateverIdo:“IchhabnocheinenKofferinBerlin”[IstillhaveasuitcaseinBerlin.]OurgatheringtodayisbeingbroadcastthroughoutWesternEuropeandNorthAmerica.IunderstandthatitisbeingseenandheardaswellintheEast.TothoselisteningthroughoutEasternEurope,IextendmywarmestgreetingsandthegoodwilloftheAmericanpeople.TothoselisteninginEastBerlin,aspecialword:AlthoughIcannotbewithyou,Iaddressmyremarkstoyoujustassurelyastothosestandingherebeforeme.ForIjoinyou,asIjoinyourfellowcountrymenintheWest,inthisfirm,thisunalblebelief:EsgibtnureinBerlin.[ThereisonlyoneBerlin.]Behindmestandsawallthatencirclesthesectorsofthiscity,partofavastsystemofbarriersthatdividestheentirecontinentofEurope.FromtheBalticSouth,thosebarrierscutacrossGermanyinagashofbarbedwire,concrete,dogruns,andguardtowers.Farthersouth,theremaybenovisible,noobviouswall.Butthereremainarmedguardsandcheckpointsallthesame--stillarestrictionontherighttotravel,stillaninstrumenttoimposeuponordinarymenandwomenthewillofatotalitarianstate.却无时无刻不在那里执行监视——还在限制人们旅行的权利国家仍然在那里对普普通yourcity,wherethenewsphotoandtheevisionscreenhaveimprintedthisbrutaldivisionofacontinentuponthemindoftheworld.的同胞都天各一方。每个德国人都不得不面对这一处历史的伤疤。冯.维塞克总统曾，StandingbeforetheBrandenburgGate,everymanisaGermanseparatedfromhisfellowmen.然而今 EverymanisaBerliner,dtolookuponaBrandenburgGateisclosed."Welltoday--todayIsay:Aslongasthisgateisclosed,aslongasthisscarofawallispermittedtostand,itisnottheGermanquestionalonethatremainsopen,butthequestionofdomforallYet,Idonotcomeheretolament.ForIfindinBerlinamessageofhope,evenintheshadowofthiswall,amessageoftriumph.Inthisseasonofspringin1945,thepeopleofBerlinemergedfromtheirair-raidshelterstofinddevastation.Thousandsofaway,thepeopleoftheUnitedStatesreachedouttohelp.Andin1947SecretaryofState--asyou'vebeentold--GeorgeMarshallannouncedthecreationofwhatwould eknownastheMarshalln.Speakingprecisely40yearsagothismonth,hesaid:"Ourisdirectednotagainstanycountryordoctrine,butagainsthunger,poverty,desperation,and1947年国务——如同所了解的——.宣布了举世闻名的计划。40年前的这个月份，他说，“我们的政策不是针对任何国家或任何信条的，而是针IntheReichstagafewmomentsago,Isawadisycommemoratingthis40thoftheMarshalln.Iwasstruckbyasign--thesignonamyowngenerationcanrememberseeingsignslikeitdottedthroughoutthewesternsectorsofthecity.Thesignreadsimply:"TheMarshallnishelheretostrengthentheworld."Astrong,worldintheWest--thatdreambecamereal.Japanrosefromruinto eaneconomicgiant.Italy,France,Belgium--virtuallyeverynationinWesternEuropesawpoliticalandeconomicrebirth;theEuropeanCommunitywasfounded.的残骸简单地叙说到，“计划曾在这里帮助我们，强化自由世界的力量。”在西InWestGermanyandhereinBerlin,theretookceaneconomicmiracle,theWirtschaftswunder.Adenauer,Erhard,Reuter,andotherleadersunderstoodthepracticalimportanceofliberty--thatjustastruthcanflourishonlywhenthejournalistisgivendomofspeech,soprosperitycancomeaboutonlywhenthefarmerandbusinessmanenjoyeconomicdom.TheGermanleaders--theGermanleadersreducedtariffs,expandedtrade,loweredtaxes.From税，扩展了自由贸易，降低了国人的赋税。仅在1950到1960，西德和柏林这边人Wherefourdecadesagotherewasrubble,todayinWestBerlinthereisthegreatestindustrialoutputofanycityinGermany:busyofficeblocks,finehomesandapartments,proudavenues,andthespreadinglawnsofparkland.Whereacity'scultureseemedtohavebeendestroyed,todaytherearetwogreatuniversities,orchestrasandanopera,countlesstheaters,andmuseums.Wheretherewaswant,todaythere'sabundance--food,clothing,auto--thewonderfulgoodsoftheKudamm.¹Fromdevastation,fromutterruin,youBerlinershave,indom,rebuiltacitythatonceagainranksasoneofthegreatestonearth.NowtheSovietsmayhavehadotherns.Butmyfriends,therewereafewthingstheSovietsdidn'tcounton:BerlinerHerz,BerlinerHumor,ja,undBerlinerSchnauze.[Berlinerheart,Berlinerhumor,yes,andaBerlinerSchnauze.²]，，Inthe1950s--Inthe1950sKhrushchevpredicted:"WewillburyButintheWesttoday,weseeaworldthathasachievedalevelofprosperityandwell-beingunprecedentedinallhumanhistory.IntheCommunistworld,weseefailure,technologicalbackwardness,decliningstandardsofhealth,evenwantofthemostbasickind--toolittlefood.Eventoday,theSovietUnionstillcannotfeeditself.Afterthesefourdecades,then,therestandsbeforetheentireworldonegreatandinescapableconclusion:domleadstoprosperity.domrecestheancienthatredsamongthenationswithcomityandpeace.domisthevictor.Andnow--nowtheSovietsthemselvesmay,inalimitedway,becomingtounderstandtheimportanceofdom.WehearmuchfromMoscowaboutanewofreformandopenness.SomepoliticalprisonershavebeenCertainforeignnewsbroadcastsarenolongerbeingjammed.SomeeconomicenterpriseshavebeenpermittedtooperatewithgreaterdomfromstateArethesethebeginningsofprofoundchangesintheSovietstate?OraretheytokengesturesintendedtoraisefalsehopesintheWest,ortostrengthentheSovietsystemwithoutchangingit?We echangeandopenness;forwebelievethatdomandsecuritygotogether,thattheadvanceofhumanliberty--theadvanceofhumanlibertycanonlystrengthenthecauseofworldThereisonesigntheSovietscanmakethatwouldbeunmistakable,thatwouldadvancedramaticallythecauseofdomandpeace.GeneralSecretaryGorbachev,ifyouseekpeace,ifyouseekprosperityfortheSovietUnionandEasternEurope,ifyouseekliberalization:ComeheretothisMr.Gorbachev,openthisMr.Gorbachev--Mr.Gorbachev,teardownthisIunderstandthefearofwarandthepainofdivisionthatafflictthiscontinent,andIpledgetoyoumycountry'seffortstohelp etheseburdens.Tobesure,weintheWestmustresistSovietexpansion.So,wemustmaintaindefensesofunassailablestrength.Yetweseekpeace;sowemuststrivetoreducearmsonbothsides.，，Beginning10yearsago,theSovietschallengedtheWesternalliancewithagravenewthreat,hundredsofnewandmoredeadlySS-20nuclearmissilescapableofstrikingeverycapitalinEurope.TheWesternalliancerespondedbycommittingitselftoacounter-deployment(unlesstheSovietsagreedtonegotiateabettersolution)--namely,theeliminationofsuchweaponsonbothsides.Formanymonths,theSovietsrefusedtobargaininearnestness.Asthealliance,inturn,preparedtogoforwardwithitscounter-deployment,thereweredifficultdays,daysofslikethoseduringmy1982visittothiscity;andtheSovietslaterwalkedawayfromthetable.SS-20核，能把欧洲每个首都轰炸一遍。西方的回应是，让自己也拥有相应的军过艰难的时日，正如我1982年这个城市时的情形，者在街上;人从谈判Butthroughitall,theallianceheldfirm.AndIinvitethosewhoed--Iinvitethosewhotoday--tomarkthisfact:Becauseweremainedstrong,theSovietscamebacktothetable.Becauseweremainedstrong,todaywehavewithinreachthepossibility,notmerelyoflimitingthegrowthofarms,butofeliminating,forthefirsttime,anentireclassofnuclearweaponsfromthefaceoftheearth. AsIspeak,NATOministersaremeetinginIcelandtoreviewtheprogressofourproposalsforeliminatingtheseweapons.AtthetalksinGeneva,wehavealsoproposeddeepcutsinstrategicoffensiveweapons.AndtheWesternallieshavelikewisemadefar-reachingproposalstoreducethedangerofconventionalwarandtoceatotalbanonchemicalweapons.国之间，要力争战略防御机制达到这样的程度：为必须防御的提供防御保障;它Whilewepursuethesearmsreductions,IpledgetoyouthatwewillmaintainthecapacitytodeterSovietaggressionatanylevelatwhichitmightoccur.Andincooperationwithmanyofourallies,theUnitedStatesispursuingtheStrategicDefenseInitiative--researchtobasedeterrencenotonthethreatofoffensiveretaliation,butondefensesthattrulydefend;onsystems,inshort,thatwillnottargetpopulations,butshieldthem.BythesemeansweseektoincreasethesafetyofEuropeandalltheworld.Butwemustrememberacrucialfact:EastandWestdonotmistrusteachotherbecausewearearmed;wearearmedbecausewemistrusteachother.Andourdifferencesarenotaboutweaponsbutaboutliberty.WhenKennedyspokeattheCityHallthose24yearsago,domwasencircled;Berlinwasundersiege.Andtoday,despiteallthepressuresuponthiscity,Berlinstandssecureinitsliberty.Anddomitselfistransformingtheglobe.InthePhilippines,inSouthandCentralAmerica,democracyhasbeengivenarebirth.ThroughoutthePacific,marketsareworkingmiracleaftermiracleofeconomicgrowth.Intheindustrializednations,atechnologicalrevolutionistakingce,arevolutionmarkedbyrapid,dramaticadvancesincomputers ，在菲律宾、在中南美已经获得新生。跨过太平洋，自由市场在那里创造着一个接一个，InEurope,onlyonenationandthoseitcontrolsrefusetojointhecommunityofdom.Yetinthisageofredoubledeconomicgrowth,ofinformationandinnovation,theSovietUnionfacesachoice:Itmustmakefundamentalchanges,orit eToday,thus,representsamomentofhope.WeintheWeststandreadytocooperatewiththeEasttopromotetrueopenness,tobreakdownbarriersthatseparatepeople,tocreateasafer,rworld.AndsurelythereisnobettercethanBerlin,themeetingceofEastandWest,tomakeapeopleofBerlin:Today,asinthepast,theUnitedStatesstandsforthestrictobservanceandfullimplementationofallpartsoftheFourPowerAgreementof1971.Letususethisoccasion,the750thofthiscity,tousherinanewera,toseekastillfuller,richerlifefortheBerlinofthefuture.Together,letusmaintainanddevelopthetiesbetweentheFederalRepublicandtheWesternsectorsofBerlin,whichispermittedbythe1971agreement.，柏林自由的人们：今天，如同在过去一样人民在密切关注各方遵守1971年四方协约的执行。让我们利用这个机会，在庆祝这座城市奠立750日的时刻，共同呼唤一国之间，由1971年协定批准的纽带。，AndIinviteMr.Gorbachev:LetusworktobringtheEasternandWesternpartsofthecityclosertogether,sothatalltheinhabitantsofallBerlincanenjoythebenefitsthatcomewithlifeinoneofthegreatcitiesoftheworld.ToopenBerlinstillfurthertoallEurope,EastandWest,letusexpandthevitalairaccesstothiscity,findingwaysofmakingcommercialairservicetoBerlinmoreconvenient,morecomfortable,andmoreeconomical.WelooktothedaywhenWestBerlincan eoneofthechiefaviationhubsinallcentralWith--WithourFrench--WithourFrenchandBritishpartners,theUnitedStatesispreparedtohelpbringinternationalmeetingstoBerlin.ItwouldbeonlyfittingforBerlintoserveasthesiteofUnitedNationsmeetings,orworldconferencesonhumanrightsandarmscontrol,orotherissuesthatcallforinternationalcooperation.、成为会议的适合场所，各国可以在此地一堂，共同探权控制或其他需、Thereisnobetterwaytoestablishhopeforthefuturethantoenlightenyoungminds,andwewouldbehonoredtosponsorsummeryouthexchanges,culturalevents,andotherprogramsforyoungBerlinersfromtheEast.OurFrenchandBritishfriends,I'mcertain,willdothesame.Andit'smyhopethatanauthoritycanbefoundinEastBerlintosponsorvisitsfromyoungpeopleoftheWestern，没有更好的地方，比柏林更可以建立对未来的希望，启迪年轻人的心智了荣幸地在，Onefinalproposal,oneclosetomyheart:Sportrepresentsasourceofenjoymentandennoblement,andyoumayhavenotedthattheRepublicofKorea--SouthKorea--hasofferedtopermitcertaineventsofthe1988OlympicstotakeceintheNorth.Internationalsportscompetitionsofallkindscouldtakeceinbothpartsofthiscity.AndwhatbetterwaytodemonstratetotheworldtheopennessofthiscitythantoofferinsomefutureyeartoholdtheOlympicgameshereinBerlin,EastandWest.，1988年主办奥林比克运动会的时候，就曾欣然让北承办了一些赛事。各种国际Inthesefourdecades,asIhavesaid,youBerlinershavebuiltagreatcity.You'vedonesoinspiteofthreats--theSovietattemptstoimposetheEast-mark,theblockade.Todaythecitythrivesinspiteofthechallengesimplicitintheverypresenceofthiswall.Whatkeepsyouhere?Certainlythere'sagreatdealtobesaidforyourfortitude,foryourdefiantcourage.，。我曾，近四十年的时间里柏林人创造了伟大的城市，尽管承受着......，。ButIbelievethere'ssomethingdeeper,somethingthatinvolvesBerlin'swholelookandfeelandwayoflife--notmeresentiment.NoonecouldlivelonginBerlinwithoutbeingcompleydisabusedofillusions.Something,instead,thathasseenthedifficultiesoflifeinBerlinbutchosetoacceptthem,thatcontinuestobuildthisgoodandproudcityincontrasttoasurroundingtotalitarianpresence,thatrefusestoreleasehumanenergiesoraspirations,somethingthatspeakswithapowerfulvoiceofaffirmation,thatsays"yes"tothiscity,yestothefuture,yestodom.Inaword,IwouldsubmitthatwhatkeepsyouinBerlin--is"love."肯定地说：“是的!”一句话，我认为，能让守护在柏林的，是爱。LovebothprofoundandPerhapsthisgetstotherootofthematter,tothemostfundamentaldistinctionofallbetweenEastandWest.Thetotalitarianworldproducesbackwardnessbecauseitdoessuchtothespirit,thwartingthehumanimpulsetocreate,toenjoy,toworship.Thetotalitarianworldfind