2022北京师大附中高二（下）期中英语（教师版）

1/12022北京师大附中高二（下）期中英语本试卷有十道大题，考试时长120分钟，满分140分。一、听力理解(本大题共19小题，共19分。)第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whenwillthemeetingstart?A.At4:10.B.At4:00.C.At3:30.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makinganappointment.B.Askingforhelp.C.Offeringadvice.3.Wheredoesthisdialogueprobablytakeplace?A.Intheoffice.B.Atthebank.C.Attheairport.4.WhatisthewomanprobablygoingtodoonSunday?A.Doherwork.B.Watchamovie.C.Attendaparty.5.Whydoesthemancomebacktothetheater?A.Tolookforsomething.B.Tobuyaticket.C.Toseeaplay.第二节：听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehascaughttheflu.B.Hehastroublesleeping.C.Hehasgotastomachache.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Eatmorefreshfruits.B.Haveenoughwaterandrest.C.Takethemedicineonceaday.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatisthewoman?A.Acollegestudent.B.Asecretary.C.Anassistant.9.Whydoesthemanthinkthewomanistherightpersonforthejob?A.Shecanworkfulltime.B.Sheisthefirstonetoapply.C.Shehassimilarworkexperience.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthedialoguemainlyabout?A.Apark.B.Aposter.C.Anactivity.11.Whatiseverymemberrequiredtowear?A.Whiteshoesandblacktrousers.B.AwhiteT-shirtandbrownshoes.C.AbrownT-shirtandblacktrousers.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Classmates.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。13.WhatistheweatherlikeinNorthChinatoday?AB.C.14.WhatwillthetemperaturebeinBeijingtomorrow?A.-1℃.B.2℃.C.6℃.15.Whatisthespeaker'ssuggestiontothetravelersinthesoutheast?A.Goskiing.B.Takewarmclothes.C.Confirmtheflight.第三节：听下面一段对话，完成第16至19四道小题，每小题仅填写一个词，听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间，这段对话你将听两遍。RoomRentingPreferenceAone-bedroom16FacilitiesAfridgeandastoveDistancetoCityUniversityAten-minute17Rent$200a18Daytovisit19二、语法填空(本大题共15小题，共15分。)A阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。OliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood___1___(play)abigroleinhislife."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe'dsometimesletmehaveatry,"hesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're___2___(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem___3___youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.B阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Single-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey___4___(throw)away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears___5___(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapartintocountlesstinypieces,andfishcan___6___(accidental)eatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof___7___(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.C阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。Apieceofstone___8___(find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals___9___（live）alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere____10____（smart）thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.三、单词拼写(本大题共16小题，共8分。)根据首字母提示拼写单词，需在答题纸上填写整个单词，否则该题不得分。汉译英11.基因n.g__________12.损伤，伤害n.i_________13.快乐n.p_________14.文明n.c_________15.方便n.c_________16.展览n.e_________17.助手n.a_________18.纪念品n.s_________19.竞争的adj.c_________20.欣赏v.a_________21.节奏，韵律n．r_________22.相似的adj.s_________23.有责任心的adj.r_________24.分析v.a_________25.描述n.d_________26.残疾的adj.d_________四、中译英(本大题共10小题，共10分。)请根据中文提示默写短语。汉译英27.对……不耐烦________________28.对……很热情________________29.注意力集中于________________30.享受家里的诸多舒适________________31.有……共同之处________________32.养成好习惯________________33.提供丰富资源________________34.主动做……________________35.渴望做某事________________36.做某事有困难________________五、选词填空(本大题共8小题，共8分。)37.Manystudents_______theirproblems,buttheylackthecouragetoovercomethem.A.areconsciousof B.areembeddedinC.rentout D.dependon38.UniversityofNevadahasdevelopedand_______anewcurriculumtoeducatestudentsaboutwildfirescience.A.activated B.piloted C.weaved D.fled39.ThishouseinTokyo,knownasHouseNA,iscompletely_______.Everythingindoorsisexposedtoneighborsandpassersby.A.abundant B.luxurious C.addictive D.transparent40.Nowadaysthe________oftravellingisshiftedfromshoppingtofoodandscenery.A.autonomy B.barrier C.prospect D.priority41.Wheneverourteacher________howtousetheequipmentinlab,wearerequiredtoobservehiseverymoveverycarefully.A.demonstrates B.describes C.predicts D.evaluates42.Oneday,whenHelenwasplayingwithadoll,MissSullivangaveheranotherdollandspeltd-o-l-lintoherhand,tryingtomakeherunderstandthatd-o-l-l________toboth.A.assessed B.applied C.accessed D.announced43.ThePalaceMuseumhousesalargecollectionof________.A.cuisines B.antiques C.mascots D.excerpts44.Despitepreviousfailedattempts,thescientistsbelievedtheywouldmakeamajorbreakthroughinthe________experiments.A.critical B.subsequent C.delayed D.extended六、完形填空(本大题共10小题，共15分。)Jeremycannolongerread,driveacarorevenrecognizefaces.Butthe20-year-old,wholosthiscentralvisiontwoyearsago,can____45____hitasmallwhiteballintoaslightlylargerholefromaconsiderabledistance.JeremywasdiagnosedwithanextremelyrarediseasecalledLHON.Facedwiththeonsetofblindness,Jeremyadmitshe____46____intodepressionforacoupleofmonthsandfearedhe’dneverplaygolfagain.OnedayonTVhesawaguycryingbitterlywhohadjustlosthisfamilywhenaplanecrasheddownonhishouse.Jeremythought,“Ifthisguycanmakeitthroughthis,thenIcan____47____havingnocentralvision.”Thatbecamehismotto:“Thingscouldbe____48____.”Sosixmonthsafterlosinghissight,Jeremydecidedto____49____hisgolfclubagain.HehadplayedeverySundaysincetheageoftwelvewithhisDadLionel.Blindgolfbroughtthemevencloserbecause,unliketheregularversionofthesport,it’sa____50____game.Lionelactsashisson’ssightedcoachonthecourse.He____51____theholeandhazards（障碍）.Thenhepointsinthedirection,whileJeremyplaceshischinonhisdad’sshouldertogeta____52____ofthecorrectposition.TheyplayedtogetherandwontheWorldBlindGolfChampionship.Besides,Jeremyhasbeencollectingmoneyandraising____53____ofLHONwithsponsoredbikerides,half-marathonsandevenskydives.“That’sthegreater_____54_____ofmydoinganything,”hetoldCNN.45.A.casually B.seriously C.successfully D.accidentally46.A.ran B.looked C.slipped D.burst47.A.avoid B.suffer C.escape D.survive48.A.funnier B.worse C.simpler D.crazier49.A.lookfor B.showoff C.pickup D.dealwith50.A.team B.class C.mind D.strength51.A.clears B.measures C.discovers D.describes52.A.sense B.sign C.view D.mark53.A.levels B.awareness C.standards D.spirit54.A.challenge B.opportunity C.potential D.purpose七、阅读理解(本大题共14小题，共28分。)ASubscription:HowItWorksMagazineHowItWorksisascienceandtechnologymagazineburstingwithexcitinginformationaboutouruniverseandeverythinginit.Coveringawiderangeoftopicssuchasspace,nature,science,animalsandtechnology,themagazineisjam-packedwithincredibleandbreathtakingfactsreadytoexciteyourwildestcuriosity.Whatisinside?•GlobalEye—thelatestnews,developmentsandeventsfromtheworldofscienceandtechnology•AmazingImages—eachissueisloadedwithfantasticcutaways,illustrationsandphotography•Features—ourin-deptharticlesexplaintopicsinanexcitingandengagingwaythateveryonecanunderstand•BrainDump—gettheanswerstoallyourburning“howandwhy”questionsinourreaderQ&Asection•HowTo—yourguidetofunexperimentsandprojectstotryoutathomeWhytosubscribe?•BigSavingsAsasubscriber,you’llenjoybigsavingsonshoppricesandthehugeconvenienceofhavingeveryissuedeliveredhotoffthepress.Therearenohiddencostsandallpostageanddeliverycostsareincludedinourprices.•TreatYourselforFamily&FriendsAsubscriptionmakesathoughtfulgiftforbothfamilyandfriendsstraighttotheirdoor.Thisscienceandtechnologymagazinehelpsexplorethefascinatingworldaroundus.•NeverMissanIssueYoursubscriptioncanbecancelledatanytimewithin14daysofthedateofpurchase.Allmemberscanmanagetheirsubscriptionsviaourself-servicewebsite.Chooseyourpreferredsubscriptionpackage:Print:$8.93perissue,$116.00annually/13issuesDigital:$2.20perissue,$28.00annually/13issuesPrint+Digital:$9.31perissue,$121.00annually/13issuesWheretoreadthedigital?Yourpurchasehereatcanbereadonanyofthefollowingplatforms.Youcanreadhereonthewebsiteordownloadtheappforyourplatform,justremembertologinwithyourPocketmagsusernameandpassword.Ourpromisetoyou:Bestpriceguarantee:We’llrefundthedifferenceifyoufinditcheaperelsewhere.You’reincontrol:Manageyoursubscriptiononlineviaourdedicatedself-servicesite.55.Inwhichpartofthemagazinecanyoufindinstructionsonexperiments?A.GlobalEye. B.Features.C.BrainDump. D.HowTo.56.Howmuchshouldyoupayifyoumakeayearlysubscriptioninprint?A.$121. B.$116.C.$28. D.$8.93.57.Accordingtothepassage,subscribersofthemagazinecan_______.A.purchasethemagazineontheAppStoreB.beinformedofthelatestnewsinhumanityC.canceltheorderwithin14daysofitspurchaseD.getafullrefundiftheyfinditcheaperelsewhereBManypeoplehavefeltisolatedandafraidduringthepandemicthisyear,andtheWeberfamilyisnodifferent.But11-year-oldEmersonWeberhasahobbythathasturnedintoaremarkableantidote.Emersonwritesletters—lotsofletters.Onedaylastspring,sheevenwrotetoDoug,hermailcarrier.“Iwanttothankyoufortakingmylettersanddeliveringthem,”shesaid.“Youareveryimportanttome.”Innotimeatall,Emerson’ssimplethank-younotewassharedaroundtheUnitedStatesPostalService(USPS).Manyoftheworkerswhoreaditwroteherback.HerfatherwassomovedbytheresponsethathetooktoTwittertosharehisappreciationfortheoutpouringoflove.“Emerson,my11-year-old,isonabitofawildridewiththeUSPSandourlocalmailcarrier,Doug.”ThenextdayafterEmersongaveDougtheletter,apackagearrivedwithtwoletters.DoughadsharedEmerson’sletterwithhissupervisor,Sara,andtheybothwantedtosharehowtouchedtheywere.Thenextweek,theygotaletteraddressedto“Mr.andMrs.Weber”.ItseemedthatSarahadsharedEmerson’snoteasa“TokenofThanks”intheinternalUSPSnewsletter,andtherewerepostalfolksthatwantedtothankher.Thatday,thefamilysawDouggettingoutofthetruckwithtwoBOXESoflettersfromaroundthecountry.Theselettersweresodeeplyhuman.Theywerefilledwithfamily,pets,hobbies,community,andanoverwhelmingsenseofkindness.Buttherewassomethingmoreintheseletters.Peoplefeltseen—someforthefirsttimeinalongtime.“Iworkaloneinasmallruralpostoffice...”“Mykidsalllivefaraway...”“Notalotofpeoplethinkabouthowhardwework...”Onewrote,“Ican’ttellyouhowmuchitmeanstoreadyourletter...”Withdozensofnewpenpals,Emersondidwhatshedoesbest.Shewrote.SheacknowledgedthatthereWEREalotofletters,butshereadthemall.“I’mnotsharingthisbecauseI’maprouddad,”herfatherwroteonTwitter.“I’msharingitbecauseitisrelativelyeasy,ifwetakethetime,togiveotherstheonethingtheyneedtobewell—humanconnection.Emersondoesthisboldly.Herlessontomewassimple:It’sthesmallthingsthatmattermost.”Sendaletter.Makeacall.Takeastepofboldness.Foryourselforforothers.58.Mr.WebersharedEmerson’sstoryonTwitterbecause________.A.hewasmovedbythereaders’responseB.hewantedmorepeopletoreadtheletterC.hetookgreatprideinbeingEmerson’sfatherD.hewasthankfultoDougfordeliveringletters59.Whatdothelettersinthepassagesymbolize?A.Asenseofcommunity.B.Thecompanyoffamily.C.Abondbetweenpeople.D.Theoutpouringofcourage.60.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeEmerson?A.Selflessandpatient. B.Smartandmature.C.Determinedandproud. D.Lovingandgrateful.CGOINGTOUNIVERSITY

issupposedtobeamind-broadeningexperience.Thatstatementisprobablymadeincomparisontotrainingforworkstraightafterschool,whichmightnotbesoencouraging.Butisitactuallytrue?JessikaGolleoftheUniversityofTübingen,inGermany,thoughtshewouldtrytofindout.Herresult,however,isnotquitewhatmightbeexpected.Asshereportsin

PsychologicalScience

thisweek,shefoundthatthosewhohavebeentouniversitydoindeedseemtoleavewithbroaderandmoreinquiringmindsthanthosewhohavespenttheirimmediatepost-schoolyearsinvocational(职业的)trainingforwork.However,itwasnotthecasethatuniversitybroadenedminds.Rather,workseemedtonarrowthem.Dr.Gollecametothisconclusionaftersheandateamofcolleaguesstudiedtheearlycareersof2,095Germanyoungsters.Theteamusedtwostandardizedteststoassesstheirvolunteers.Onewasofpersonalitytraits,includingopenness,conscientiousness（认真）andsoon.Theotherwasofattitudes,suchasrealistic,investigativeandenterprising.Theyadministeredbothteststwice—oncetowardstheendofeachvolunteer’stimeatschool,andthenagainsixyearslater.Oftheoriginalgroup,382wereontheintermediatetrack,fromwhichtherewasachoicebetweentheacademicandvocationalroutes,anditwasonthesethattheresearchersfocused.Universitybeckonedfor212ofthem.Theremaining170chosevocationaltrainingandajob.Whenitcametothesecondroundoftests,Dr.Gollefoundthatthepersonalitiesofthosewhohadgonetouniversityhadnotchangedsignificantly.Thosewhohadundergonevocationaltrainingandthengotjobswerenotthatmuchchangedinpersonality,either—exceptinonecrucialrespect.Theyhadbecomemoreconscientious.Thatsoundslikeagoodthing,certainlycomparedwiththecommonpublicimageofundergraduatesasabunchoflazybones.Butchangesinattitudethattheresearchersrecordedwereratherworrying.Intheuniversitygroup,again,noneweredetectable.Butthosewhohadchosenthevocationalrouteshowedmarkeddropsininterestintasksthatareinvestigativeandenterprisinginnature.Andthatmightrestricttheirchoiceofcareers.Someinvestigativeandenterprisingjobs,suchasscientificresearch,are,indeedbeyondthedegreeless.Butmany,particularlyinGermany,withitstraditionofvocationaltraining,arenot.Theresearchersmention,forexample,computerprogrammersandfinance-sectorworkersascareersrequiringthesetraits.IfDr.Golleiscorrect,andchangesinattitudebroughtaboutbytheverytrainingGermanypridesitselfonarenarrowingpeople’schoices,thatisindeedamatterworthyofseriousconsideration.61.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplace“beckonedfor”inParagraph2?A.Examined. B.Attracted.C.Organized. D.Recognized.62.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?A.Thedegreelesshavenotchangedinpersonalities.B.Goingtouniversityisamind-broadeningexperience.C.Workingstraightafterschoolnarrowspeople’sminds.D.Collegestudentspridethemselvesontheireducation.63.Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,.A.collegestudentsenjoyaverygoodpublicimageB.theundergraduateshavechangedsignificantlyinattitudeC.thedegreelessaremuchbetteratdealingwithchallengingtasksD.peopleshowlessinterestininvestigativejobsduetovocationaltraining64.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsthefinding?A.Concerned. B.Optimistic.C.Unclear. D.Sceptical.DAlzheimer'sAIAnestimated5.7millionpeopleintheU.S.haveAlzheimer'sdisease-themostcommontypeofdementia(痴呆）－andthatnumberisexpectedtomorethandoubleby2050.Earlydiagnosisiscrucialforpatientstobenefitfromthefewtherapiesavailable.Butnoscanscandeliveraconclusivediagnosiswhileapersonisalive;insteaddoctorshavetoconductnumerousandcomplicatedclinicalandneuropsychologicaltests.SothereisgrowinginterestindevelopingartificialintelligencetoidentifyAlzheimer'sbasedonbrainimaging.ResearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco,havenowsuccessfullytrainedanAIalgorithm(算法）torecognizeoneoftheearlysignsofAlzheimer's-areductioninthebrain'sglucose（葡萄糖）consumption-inpositronemissiontomography(PET)imaging.ThealgorithmaccuratelypredictedaneventualAlzheimer'sdiagnosisinnearlyallthetestcases,accordingtothestudy.InPETimaging,averysmallamountofaradioactivecompoundareinjectedintothebody,producingthree-dimensionalimagesofmetabolism(新陈代谢）,circulationandothercellularactivities.PETiswellsuitedforanAIdiagnostictoolbecauseAlzheimer'sleadstosubtlechangesinthebrain'smetabolismthatbeginyearsbeforeneural(神经的）tissuestartstogodownhill,saysstudyco-authorJaeHoSohn,aradiologistatUCSF.Thesechangesare"veryhardforradiologiststopickup,"henotes.Thealgorithmwastrainedandtestedon2,100PETbrainimagesfromabout1,000people55yearsandolder.Theimagescamefroma12-yearstudythattrackedpeoplewhowouldultimatelybediagnosedwithAlzheimer's,aswellasthosewithmildmemorydeclinesandhealthycontrolparticipants.Thealgorithmwastrainedon90percentofthedataandtestedontheremaining10percent.Itwasthenretestedonasecond,independentdatasetfrom40patientsmonitoredfor10years.Thealgorithmwashighlysensitiveandwasabletorecognize81percentofthepatientsinthefirsttestgroupand100percentinthesecondwhowouldbediagnosedwithAlzheimer'ssixyearslater,onaverage.ThefindingswerepublishedinFebruaryinRadiology.Thealgorithmisbasedon"deeplearning,amachine-learningtechniquethatusesartificialneuralnetworksprogrammedtolearnfromexamples."Thisisoneofthefirstpromising,preliminary(初步的）applicationsofdeeplearningtothediagnosisofAlzheimer's,"saysChristianSalvatore,aphysicistatItaly'sNationalResearchCouncil,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.“Themodelperformsverywellwhenidentifyingpatientswithmildorlatediagnoses",hesays,“butcatchingitintheearlieststagesremainsoneofthemostcriticalopenissuesinthisfield."65PeopleareincreasinglyinterestedinusingAItoidentifyAlzheimer'sbecause______A.thenumberofpeoplesufferingfromdementiaismorethandoublingB.diagnosticmethodsthatarebothreliableandconvenientareinneedC.thereareonlyalimitednumberofeffectivetherapiesforthepatientsD.diagnosingAlzheimer'sdiseasethroughAIisstillanunexploredarea66.WhatcanwelearnaboutPETimaging?A.Itrecognizestheworseningoftheneuraltissue.B.Itreducestheglucoseconsumptioninthebrain.C.Itchangesthepatternofthebrain'smetabolism.D.Itphotographsvariouskindsofcellularactivities.67.AccordingtoParagraph4,_________.A.90%ofthepeopleinthestudyweretrainedonthealgorithmB.theparticipantsinthestudyconsistofpeoplebothyoungandoldC.81%ofthepeopleinthefirsttestgroupwerediagnosedwithAlzheimer'sD.thealgorithmmanagedtorecognizeallthepatientsinthesecondtestgroup68.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph5?A.ThealgorithmservesasapromisingtreatmentofAlzheimer's.B.DeeplearninghasbeenwidelyappliedindiagnosingAlzheimer's.C.TodetectAlzheimer'sinitsearlieststagescallsformoreexploration.D.WhethertousethemodeltodetectAlzheimer'sremainsacriticalissue.八、七选五(本大题共5小题，共10分。)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Howeverdifficultyoufindittoarrangeyourtime,itwillpayoffinthelongrunifyousetasideacertainpartofthedayforstudying－andsticktoit.___69___Butdon'tforgettomakesurethatyouhaveenoughleftforrecreationalactivitiesorsimplytobe“with”yourself:readinganovelorwatchingatelevisionprogramme.Aspartofyourweeklyschedule,itisalsoadvisabletoconsiderexactlywhatyouhavetodointhatweek,andmakesurethatyouhandlethemostsignificanttasksfirst.___70___Onaphysicallevel,makesureyouhaveanareaorspaceforstudying.___71___Ifyoualwaysstudyinthesameplace,preferablyaroomofyourown,youwillfinditeasiertoadjustmentallytotheactivitywhenyouenterthatarea.Youshouldhaveeverythingthatyoumightneedathand.Makesurethatallthephysicalequipmentthatyouuse,suchasadesk,chairetc.isatgoodheightforyou.Ifyouuseapersonalcomputer,thereareplentyofguidelinesavailablefromthemovementonangles,lightingandthelike.___72___Ifyouareworkingontopicyourteacherhasset,butfindingithardtoconcentrate,itmaybethatyouactuallyneedtotakeyourmindrightoffitforaperiodoftime.___73___Afteraperiodawayfromthetest,havingnotthoughtaboutitatall,youmayreturntoitrefreshedandfullofideas.A.It'swisetoleavetheeasierorlessurgentareasofyourworkuntillater.B.It'salltooeasytoreadsomethingandthenforgetwhereitcamefrom.C.Consulttheseandavoidthetypicalstudentachesandpains.D.“Airingthemind”canworkwonderssometimes.E.Makeuseofequipmentthatisavailabletoyou.F.Itisbesttomakeaweeklyschedule.G.Don'tdoitjustanywhere.九、阅读表达(本大题共4小题，共12分。)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Whatmakessomepeopleincapableofapologizingevenwhenthey’reclearlyinthewrong?Peoplewhocannotapologizeoftenhavedeepfeelingsoflowself-worth.Whentheirdelicateego(自我)cannotabsorbtheblowofadmittingtheywerewrong,theirdefensemechanismskickin—theymayplaceblameandevenargueaboutbasicfactstopreventthethreatofhavingtolowerthemselvesbyofferinganapology.Unfortunately,manyofusmistakenlyinterpretthesepeople’sdefensivenessasasignofpsychologicalstrength.That’sbecauseoutwardlytheyappeartobetoughindividualswhorefusetobackdown.Butthisdoesn’tshowthatthey’restrong—itshowsthatthey’reweak.Admittingthatwe’rewrongisemotionallyuncomfortableandpainfultooursenseofself.Inordertotakeresponsibilityandapologize,ourself-worthneedstobestrongenoughtoabsorbthatdiscomfort.Indeed,ifourself-worthishigherandmorestable,wecantoleratethetemporarydiscomfortthatsuchanadmissioninvolves—withoutthewallsaroundouregofallingdown.Butifourself-worthisseeminglyhighbutactuallybreakable,thatdiscomfortcangothroughourdefensivewallsandscoreadirecthittoourego.Indeed,themorefixedone’sdefensemechanismsare,themoredelicatetheegothey’reprotecting.Themistakeweoftenmakewhenfacedwithsomeonewho’shabituallyincapableofapologizingistobecomeangryandtrytowinourargumentwiththem.Butthesadrealityisthatwecanneverwin.Inthesesituations,thebestwecandoismakeourpointsascalmlyandasconvincinglyaswecanandthendisengagefromtheargumentwhenitbecomesunproductive—likewhentheydisagreewiththefacts,comeupwithsillyexcusesorturntomeanremarks.74.Whycan’tsomepeopleapologize?75.Whatdomanypeoplemistakenlythinkofanon-apologizer’sdefensiveness?76.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.►Whenyouaretryingtowinanargumentwithanon-apologizerthebestwayistoexpressyourangerandmakeyourpointascalmlyandconvincinglyaspossible.77.Inadditiontowhatismentionedinthepassage,whatelsecanyoudoifyourfriendrefusestoapologizetoyou?(Inabout40words)十、作文(本大题共1小题，共15分。)78.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你得知故宫正在招聘暑期英文讲解员，请你给相关部门负责人写一封申请信，内容包括：1)介绍你的基本信息；2)说明你优势。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。DearSir/Madam,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

参考答案一、听力理解(本大题共19小题，共19分。)第一节：听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whenwillthemeetingstart?A.At4:10.B.At4:00.C.At3:30.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makinganappointment.B.Askingforhelp.C.Offeringadvice.3.Wheredoesthisdialogueprobablytakeplace?A.Intheoffice.B.Atthebank.C.Attheairport.4.WhatisthewomanprobablygoingtodoonSunday?A.Doherwork.B.Watchamovie.C.Attendaparty.5.Whydoesthemancomebacktothetheater?A.Tolookforsomething.B.Tobuyaticket.C.Toseeaplay.第二节：听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话或独白你将听两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Whatistheman'sproblem?A.Hehascaughttheflu.B.Hehastroublesleeping.CHehasgotastomachache.7.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Eatmorefreshfruits.B.Haveenoughwaterandrest.C.Takethemedicineonceaday.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatisthewoman?A.Acollegestudent.B.Asecretary.C.Anassistant.9.Whydoesthemanthinkthewomanistherightpersonforthejob?A.Shecanworkfulltime.B.Sheisthefirstonetoapply.C.Shehassimilarworkexperience.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatisthedialoguemainlyabout?A.Apark.B.Aposter.C.Anactivity.11.Whatiseverymemberrequiredtowear?A.Whiteshoesandblacktrousers.B.AwhiteT-shirtandbrownshoes.C.AbrownT-shirtandblacktrousers.12.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Motherandson.C.Classmates.听第9段材料