2023年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案篇

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-全国医学统考考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题Blockedvesselshaveseveral（

）symptoms:chestpain,shortnessofbreath,andanabnormalcardiacstresstest.问题1选项A.classicB.conciseC.originalD.obscure2.单选题问题1选项A.Managementofcancerpatients.B.Reliefoftheworriesofcaregivers.C.Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving.D.Emotionalsupportforcancerpatients.3.单选题1.问题1选项A.About12pints.B.About3pints.C.About4pints.D.About7pints.4.单选题26-30问题1选项A.ThelinkbetweenobesityandbirthdefectB.ThelinkbetweenobesityanddiabetesC.TheriskofbirthabnormalitiesD.Theharmfuleffectsofobesity27.问题2选项A.NeuraltubedefectsB.HeartproblemsC.Cleftlipandpalate(唇腭裂)D.Diabetes28.问题3选项A.20millionB.200millionC.400millionD.40million29.问题4选项A.Aweight-losssurgeryB.AbalanceddietC.AchangeoflifestyleD.Moreexercise30.问题5选项A.WhyobesitycancausebirthdefectsB.HowobesitymaycausebirthdefectsC.WhyobesitycancausediabetesD.Howobesitymaycausediabetes5.单选题15.问题1选项A.Chemotherapy.B.Radiation.C.Injections.D.Surgery.6.单选题

GianlucaVialli,managerofChelseaFootballClub,expresseditexplicitlyenough:“Thefootisthetoolofthetradeofthefootballer.”Youmightthereforeexpectfootballerstotakeparticularlygoodcareoftheirfeet.ButresultspresentedatarecentconferenceofdermatologistsinAmsterdamsuggestotherwise.Professionalfootballersseemaslikelytosufferfromfungalinfectionsofthefootasotherpeople.

Onestudy,calledAchillesProject,lookedat76,475pairsoffeetbelongingtopeoplefrom18Europeancountries.Itfoundthat26%ofthesamplehadTineapedis,betterknownasathlete’sfoot,while30%hadOnychomycosis,aninfectionthatcausestoenailstobecomethickened,discoloredanddistorted.TheresultsshowedthatEastEuropeancountrieshaveconsistentlyhigherratesofinfection.Onaverage,30%ofBritons,GermansandBelgianshadsomeformoffungalinfection,comparedwith85%ofRussians,andlessthan10%ofSpaniards.

Furthermore,adultsundertheageof40whotookregularexercisehada40%greaterriskoffungalinfectionthanthosewhodidnot.Leisurecentersandswimmingpoolswereidentifiedaspotentialhealthhazardstotheverypeoplewhovisitthemtostayfit.Communalshowersandchangingroomsareperfectbreeding—groundsforthehighlyinfectiousfungithatspreadfootandnailinfection:upto1,500fungally-infectedskinfragmentspersquaremetershavebeenfoundinsomeleisurefacilities.Sweatysocksandwarm,dampsportsshoesprovideequallyhospitableenvironments.

Allofwhichgoessomewaytoexplainingthefootballers.Nodoubtallthattimespentinshowersandchanging-roomsispartlyresponsible.ButDr.Caputo,adermatologist,alsofoundanotherfactor:footballersareoftenreluctant,forsuperstitiousreasons,todiscardtheiroldboots.Hefoundthatplayersgetattachedtoparticularboots;iftheyscoreagoalwithone,theywillwearitagainandagain.Theriskofathlete’sfootmaybeasmallpricetopayforagoal.1.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?2.Accordingtothepassage,“AchillesProject”wasdesignedto（

）.3.FromthedescriptionofTineapedisandOnychomycosis,wearesurethat（

）.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbesafelyinferredconcerningtheleisurecentersandswimmingpools?5.WhatdidDr.Caputofindaboutfootballers?问题1选项A.Footballersdonotcarefortheirfeetasexpected.B.Footballers’feetaremoresensitivetofungalinfections.C.Footballersusuallycarefortheirfeetmorethanotherpeople.D.Footballers’feetaremorevulnerablethanthoseofotherpeople.问题2选项A.serveasaglobalscreeningforfootinfectionsB.collectasampleofinfectedathletesforresearchC.lookintotheconditionsoffeetinEuropeancountriesD.findmeasuresforreducinghighratesoffootinfections问题3选项A.TineapedisaffectsathletesmorethanOnychomycosisB.TineapedisandOnychomycosisarebothfungalinfectionsC.TineapedisisamoreseriousinfectionthanOnychomycosisD.Tineapedisismoresensitivetoanti-fungaldrugsthanOnychomycosis问题4选项A.Theycouldhelppeopleinonewayandharmtheminanother.B.Theydonotspreadinfectionsasmuchasotherpublicplaces.C.Theydonotperformadequatecheck-upsfortheirvisitors.D.Theyareunlikelytospreadfungalinfection.问题5选项A.Theyplaytoomuchtokeeptheirfeetclean.B.Theyusuallydonotthrowawaycomfortableboots.C.Theybelievesomeshoesmaybringthemgoodluck.D.Theyoftensticktohigh-pricedshoesforscoringgoals.7.单选题14.问题1选项A.Ageneralpractitioner.B.GynecologistC.Anorthopedist[ɔθə’pidɪst].D.Sheissurgeon.8.单选题9.问题1选项A.Toasklocalpeopleforhelp.B.TodoasRomansdoonlywheninRome.C.Trytoactlikethepeoplefromthatculture.D.Staywithyourcountryfellow.9.单选题6.问题1选项A.Toresignrightaway.B.Toworkonemoredayaschairman.C.Tothinktwicebeforehemakesthedecision.D.Toreceivefurthertraininguponhisresignation.10.单选题问题1选项A.Theadvantagesoflonelinessgenes.B.Thefeelingofbeinglonely.C.Peopletendingtofeellonely.D.Peoplewithlonelinessgenes.问题2选项A.ltmaymakeyoufeelbad.B.Itmeansyoucantolerateloneliness.C.ltmaymakeyoufeellonely.D.Itmeansyoucantoleratebadfeelings.问题3选项A.Hecanbealoneforalongtime.B.Healwaysfeelslonelyonweekday.C.Hefeelsaloneattheweekend.D.Helikesweekend.第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】C【解析】【选项释义】A.classic典型的；经典的B.concise简明的C.original原来的；首创的；新颖的D.obscure偏僻的；阴暗的【答案】C【考查点】形容词辨析。【解题思路】阻塞的血管有许多……症状：胸痛，气促，心脏应激性骤停。根据句意，应该是首发的症状，C选项original“原来的；首创的；新颖的”可引申为首发的意思。因此选C。【干扰项排除】A选项classic典型的；经典的，多用来指著作、理论等是经典的、典型的，所以排除；B选项concise简明的，多指简洁明了，不用来形容病症；D选项obscure偏僻的；阴暗的，不符合句意。【句意】阻塞的血管有很多首发症状：胸痛，气促，心脏应激性骤停。2.【答案】C【解析】15.M:DoctorWhite.I’vebeenacancerpatientandacaregiver,toa,cancerpatient.Iknowkayakingwashard.Whatwasgoingonemotionally?Thatseemedsohard.W:Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.Q:Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?【试题答案】C【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：这两个人在讨论什么？由文中“Whenyou’recaregiving,you’reundergoingchronicstress.You’reworryingaboutyourlovedone.（当你做护理时，你承受着长期的压力。你在为你在乎的人担心）”，可知C选项“Emotionalstrugglewhilecaregiving（护理过程中的情感斗争）”符合原文。A选项“癌症患者的管理”；B选项“减轻照顾者的忧虑”；D选项“对患者的情感支持”不符合原文。3.【答案】A【解析】W:Itwouldhelpmeifyoucouldgooverlastweekandgivemeanideahowmuchbeerdrankeachevening.M:Well,letmesee,Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening.Q:Howmuchbeerdidthemandrinklastweek?【解析】细节题。男士说：Iwentuptothepub4timeslastweek,anddrankabout3pintseachevening（我上周一共去酒吧4次，每晚喝3品脱啤酒），因此男士上周共喝了12品脱啤酒。4.【答案】第1题:A第2题:D第3题:C第4题:A第5题:B【解析】CatherineandothercolleaguesfromBritain’sNewCastleUniversitycombineddatafrom18studies(26)tolookattheriskofabnormalitiesofbabieswhosemotherswereobeseoroverweight.(27)Obesewomenwerenearlytwiceaslikelytohaveababywithneuraltubedefectswhicharecausedbytheincompletedevelopmentofthebrainorspinalcordthestudyfound.Foronesuchdefect,spinalbifida(脊柱裂),theriskmorethandoubled.Theresearchersalsodetectedincreasedchancesofheartdefect,cleftlipandpalate,wateronthebrain(脑积水)andproblemsinthegrowthofarmsandlegs.(28)TheWorldHealthOrganizationclassifiesaround400millionpeoplearoundtheworldasobese,including20millionundertheageof5,andthenumberisgrowing.ObesityraisestherisksofdiseasessuchastypeIIdiabetes,heartproblemsandisahealthconcernpilingpressureonanalreadyoverburdenednationalhealthsystem.Recentresearchhastightweighttootherproblemsduringpregnancy.(29)AteamfromtheRoundCorporationThinkTankinCaliforniareportedin2008thatwomenwhogetpregnantafterweightlosssurgerytendtobehealthierandlesslikelytodeliverababybornwithcomplicationscomparedtoobesewomen.(30)Furtherstudymayshowhowobesitymaycausetheseproblems,JulietatNewCastleUniversityresearcherwhoworkedonthestudysaidinatelephoneinterview.Womenwhoarethinkingabouttryingforababyneedtochecktheirownweightfirst,andthenthinkaboutseekinghelpiftheyareoverweight.26.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?【解析】全文围绕“肥胖的女性生的孩子更容易发生异常”展开，A选项“肥胖和出生缺陷”符合，故选A。27.Babieswhosemothersareobesemayhaveincreasedchancesofthefollowingdiseasesexcept?【解析】其余三种缺陷“neuraltubedefects,cleftlipandpalate,diabetes”文中都有提及，都有可能由母亲的肥胖引起，而糖尿病是针对母亲本人而言的，故选D。28.AccordingtotheWHO,howmanypeopleareclassifiedasobesearoundtheworld?【解析】文中提到世界卫生组织将约4亿人归为肥胖，故选C。29.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuggestionforobesewomenwhoplantohaveababy?【解析】那些做了减重手术的怀孕女性更健康，生的孩子更不容易有先天缺陷。30.Accordingtothetalk，whatmaybethefocusoffurtherstudies?【解析】将来的研究焦点可能在于“howobesitymaycausetheseproblems”，theseproblems指先天缺陷。

5.【答案】C【解析】W:Whatdoyouknowabouttreatmentsofcancer?M:Chemotherapy.Buttheatmakesyourhairfallout,doesn’tit?W:Yes,therearesomeunpleasantside-effects.I’mnotsureweneedtoconsiderthatatthisstage.Weshouldseewhetheraseriesofinjectionwillhelp.Q:Whattreatmentwillthemanprobablyreceivefirst?【解析】对话中女士说要先看看药物注射是否有效，患者的状况还不到进行化疗的程度。6.【答案】第1题:A第2题:C第3题:B第4题:A第5题:C【解析】1.【选项释义】Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?我们可以从第一段中学到什么？A.Footballersdonotcarefortheirfeetasexpected.A.足球运动员并不像预期的那样关心他们的脚。B.Footballers’feetaremoresensitivetofungalinfections.B.足球运动员的脚对真菌感染更敏感。C.Footballersusuallycarefortheirfeetmorethanotherpeople.C.足球运动员通常比其他人更关心自己的脚。D.Footballers’feetaremorevulnerablethanthoseofotherpeople.D.足球运动员的脚比其他人的脚更容易受伤。【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第一段第二、三、四句“因此，你可能会期望足球运动员特别照顾好他们的脚。但最近在阿姆斯特丹举行的一次皮肤病专家会议上的结果却表明，情况并非如此。职业足球运动员似乎和其他人一样容易患足部真菌感染。”由文中第一段第二句可知A选项“足球运动员并不像预期的那样在意自己的脚”符合题意。【干扰项排除】B选项“足球运动员的脚对真菌感染更敏感。”，文中提到“职业足球运动员似乎和其他人一样容易患足部真菌感染。”但并没有说足球运动员的脚更加容易感染，属于无中生有；C选项“足球运动员通常比其他人更关心自己的脚。”，文中可知运动员并不像预期那样在意自己的脚，该选项属于反向干扰；D选项“足球运动员的脚比其他人的脚更容易受伤。”第一段没有提及，属于无中生有。2.【选项释义】Accordingtothepassage,“AchillesProject”wasdesignedto（）.根据文章，“阿喀琉斯计划”被设计为____。A.serveasaglobalscreeningforfootinfectionsA.作为全球脚部感染的筛查B.collectasampleofinfectedathletesforresearchB.收集受感染运动员的样本进行研究C.lookintotheconditionsoffeetinEuropeancountriesC.调查欧洲国家人的脚部情况D.findmeasuresforreducinghighratesoffootinfectionsD.找出降低高脚部感染率的方法【答案】C【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第二段第一句和第二句“一项名为阿喀琉斯计划的研究调查了来自18个欧洲国家的人的76,475双脚。”，由此句中“18个欧洲国家的人的76,475双脚”可知该计划是为了C选项“调查欧洲国家人的脚部情况”。【干扰项排除】A选项“作为全球脚部感染的筛查”，原文中只提及了欧洲国家的脚部感染情况，该选项属于无中生有；B选项“收集受感染运动员的样本进行研究”，在文中并未提及只收集了足球运动员的样本，属于无中生有；D选项“找出降低高脚部感染率的方法”，由后文可知此计划是想找出感染的途径，该选项并未提及，属于无中生有。3.【选项释义】FromthedescriptionofTineapedisandOnychomycosis,wearesurethat（）.从足癣和甲真菌病的描述，我们确定____。A.TineapedisaffectsathletesmorethanOnychomycosisA.足癣对运动员的影响大于甲真菌病B.TineapedisandOnychomycosisarebothfungalinfectionsB.足癣和甲真菌病都是真菌感染C.TineapedisisamoreseriousinfectionthanOnychomycosisC.足癣是一种比甲真菌病更严重的感染D.Tineapedisismoresensitivetoanti-fungaldrugsthanOnychomycosisD.足癣对抗真菌药物比甲真菌病更敏感【答案】B【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第二段第二句“结果发现，26%的样本患有足癣，也就是人们熟知的香港脚，而30%的样本患有甲癣，一种会导致脚趾甲变厚、变色和变形的感染。”由此句以及前文提及“阿喀琉斯计划调查真菌感染”，可知这两种病都是属于真菌感染。所以B选项“足癣和甲真菌病都是真菌感染”符合题意。【干扰项排除】A选项“足癣对运动员的影响大于甲真菌病”，在文中并未提及属于无中生有；C选项“足癣是一种比甲真菌病更严重的感染”，在文中没有提及属于无中生有；D选项“足癣对抗真菌药物比甲真菌病更敏感”，在文中并未提及属于无中生有。4.【选项释义】Whichofthefollowingcanbesafelyinferredconcerningtheleisurecentersandswimmingpools?关于休闲中心和游泳池，下列哪项可以安全推断出来？A.Theycouldhelppeopleinonewayandharmtheminanother.A.它们可以以一种方式帮助人们，以另一种方式伤害他们。B.Theydonotspreadinfectionsasmuchasotherpublicplaces.B.它们不像其他公共场所那样传播感染。C.Theydonotperformadequatecheck-upsfortheirvisitors.C.他们没有为来访者进行充分的检查。D.Theyareunlikelytospreadfungalinfection.D.它们不太可能传播真菌感染。【答案】A【考查点】推理判断题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位至原文第三段第二句和第三句“想保持健康的人们经常去的休闲中心和游泳池，被认为存在潜在健康危害。公共淋浴间和更衣室是传播足部和指甲感染的高传染性真菌的完美温床。”由这两句可知休闲场所和游泳池可以使人们健康，也可以使人们感染真菌，即在健康方面帮助人们但是又容易让人们感染真菌。因此A选项正确。【干扰项排除】B选项“它们不像其他公共场所那样传播感染。”，原文中并未将这两个地方与其他公共场所进行比较，属于无中生有；C选项“它们没有为来访者进行充分的检查。”，文中没有提及，属于无中生有；D选项“它们不太可能传播真菌感染。”，文中提到“公共淋浴间和更衣室是传播足部和指甲感染的高传染性真菌的完美温床”，所以这两处地方容易传播真菌感染，该选项属于反向干扰。5.【选项释义】WhatdidDr.Caputofindaboutfootballers?卡普托医生对足球运动员有什么发现?A.Theyplaytoomuchtokeeptheirfeetclean.A.足球运动员他们踢球太多，以至于不能保持脚的干净。B.Theyusuallydonotthrowawaycomfortableboots.B.他们通常不会扔掉舒适的靴子。C.Theybelievesomeshoesmaybringthemgoodluck.C.他们相信一些鞋子可以给他们带来好运。D.Theyoftensticktohigh-pricedshoesforscoringgoals.D.他们经常为了进球而选择高价球鞋。【答案】C【考查点】事实细节题。【解题思路】根据题干信息可定位到最后一段第三句“但皮肤科医生卡普托还发现了另一个因素：由于迷信的原因，足球运动员通常不愿扔掉他们的旧靴子。”由此句可知C选项“他们相信一些鞋子可以给他们带来好运”符合原文。【干扰项排除】A选项“足球运动员他们踢球太多，以至于不能保持脚的干净。”，文中没有提及，属于无中生有；B选项“