2023年考研考博-考博英语-扬州大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2023年考研考博-考博英语-扬州大学考试历年高频考点真题荟萃带答案第1卷一.综合题(共10题)1.单选题

Don’tcarewhathesaid.Youknow,itwassaidina（）ofanger.

问题1选项A.fitB.rayC.grainD.layer2.单选题TheelectionofBarackObamaisavividillustrationoftheextenttowhichracialattitudes（）.问题1选项A.havebeenevolvedB.haveevolvedC.havebeeninvolvedwithD.havebeeninvolvedin3.单选题Inthepastfortyyears,weatherforecastinghasbecomealmost（）computerized.问题1选项A.centrallyB.totallyC.nationallyD.extremely4.单选题Thepartoftheenvironmentalmovementthatdrawsmyfirm’sattentionisthedesignofcities,buildingsandproducts.WhenwedesignedAmerica’sfirstso-called“green”officebuildinginNewYorktwodecadesago,wefeltvery（1）.Buttoday,thousandsofpeoplecometogreenbuildingconferences,andthe（2）thatbuildingscanbegoodforpeopleandtheenvironmentwillbeincreasinglyinfluentialinyearsto（3）.Backin1984wediscoveredthatmostmanufacturedproductsfordecorationweren’tdesignedfor（4）use.The“energy-efficient”sealedcommercialbuildingsconstructedafterthe1970senergycrisis（5）indoorairqualityproblemscausedbymaterialssuchaspaint,wallcoveringandcarpet.Sofar20years,we’vebeenfocusingonthesematerials（6）tothemolecules,lookingforwaystomakethem（7）forpeopleandtheplanet.Homebuilderscannowusematerials—suchaspaintsthatreleasesignificantly（8）amountsoforganiccompounds—thatdon’t（9）thequalityoftheair,water,orsoil.Ultimately,（10）,ourbasicdesignstrategyisfocusednotsimplyonbeing“lessbad”butoncreating（11）healthfulmaterialsthatcanbeeithersafelyreturnedtothesoil（12）reusedbyindustryagainandagain.Asamatterof（13）,theworld’slargestcarpetmanufacturerhasalreadydevelopedacarpetthatisfullyandsafely（14）.Lookatitthisway:Noone（15）outtocreateabuildingthatdestroystheplanet.Butourcurrentindustrialsystemsare（16）causingtheseconditions,whetherwelikeitornot.So（17）ofsimplytryingtoreducethedamage,weare（18）apositiveapproach.We’regivingpeoplehigh-quality,healthfulproductsandanopportunitytomakechoicesthathavea（19）effectontheworld.It’snotjustthebuildingindustry,either.（20）citiesaretakingtheseenvironmentallypositiveapproachestodesign,planningandbuilding.Portland,SeattleandBostonhavesaidtheywanttobegreencities.Chicagowantstobethegreenestcityintheworld.问题1选项A.aloneB.lonelyC.abandonedD.isolated问题2选项A.practiceB.ideaC.outlookD.scheme问题3选项A.goB.arriveC.comeD.continue问题4选项A.indoorB.indoorsC.inwardD.inwards问题5选项A.displayedB.exhibitedC.discoveredD.revealed问题6选项A.backB.nextC.downD.near问题7选项A.comfortableB.safeC.cautiousD.stable问题8选项A.reducedB.descendedC.revisedD.delayed问题9选项A.denyB.dissolveC.depressD.destroy问题10选项A.besidesB.anyhowC.howeverD.anyway问题11选项A.partiallyB.completelyC.exactlyD.superficially问题12选项A.orB.butC.andD.nor问题13选项A.interestB.principleC.factD.course问题14选项A.reprocessedB.researchedC.reusedD.recyclable问题15选项A.startsB.looksC.pullsD.makes问题16选项A.basicallyB.traditionallyC.originallyD.inevitably问题17选项A.becauseB.insteadC.outD.regardless问题18选项A.adjustingB.adoptingC.admittingD.adapting问题19选项A.functionalB.preciousC.beneficialD.sensible问题20选项A.EntireB.FullC.TotalD.Complete5.单选题Manytouristswere（）bythecity’scomplicatedtrafficsystem.问题1选项A.degradedB.bewilderedC.evokedD.diverted6.单选题Glassthathasbeentemperedmaybeupto（）.问题1选项A.fivetimesashardasordinaryglassB.ashardasordinaryglassfivetimesC.hardasordinaryglassasfivetimesD.asfivetimeshardordinaryglass7.翻译题1.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:(10%)Mostofushaveinheritedmoralityfromreligion,family,education,orsocietyingeneral,andusuallyfromallthesesources,becausetheysharecommontaboosagainstkilling,stealing,adultery,lying,andsoonandacommonbeliefinwhatconstitutespraiseworthybehavior.Insomerespects,however,thesesourcescanbeatoddswitheachother.Yournationalassessmentofasituationmayleadyouinonedirection,religion,inanother;andfamilytradition,instillanother.Lifepushusintosomanyquandariesthatdoingtherightthingineveryinstancebecomesexceedinglydifficult.8.写作题Directions:Writeacompositiononthetopic"TheSocialFunctionofHealth".Youshouldwriteatleast250wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinebelow:1.健康在个人行使社会功能中的作用。2.健康对于整个社会的作用。3.健康不仅是医学问题，更是社会问题。9.单选题Many（）cametothePresident’sreception.问题1选项A.personB.charactersC.peopleD.notables10.单选题Educatinggirlsquitepossiblyyieldsahigherrateofreturnthananyotherinvestmentavailableinthedevelopingworld.Women’seducationmaybeunusualterritoryforeconomists,butenhancingwomen’scontributiontodevelopmentisactuallyasmuchaneconomicasasocialissue.Andeconomics,withitsemphasisonincentives,providesguidepoststhatpointtoanexplanationforwhysomanygirlsaredeprivedofaneducation.Parentsinlow-incomecountriesfailtoinvestintheirdaughtersbecausetheydonotexpectthemtomakeaneconomiccontributiontothefamily:girlsgrowuponlytomarryintosomebodyelse’sfamilyandbearchildren.Girlsarethusseenaslessvaluablethanboysandarekeptathometodohouseworkwhiletheirbrothersaresenttoschool—theprophecybecomesself-fulfilling,trappingwomeninaviciouscircleofneglect.Aneducatedmother,ontheotherhand,hasgreaterearningabilitiesoutsidethehomeandfacesanentirelydifferentsetofchoices.Sheislikelytohavefewerbuthealthierchildrenandcaninsistonthedevelopmentofallherchildren,ensuringthatherdaughtersaregivenafairchance.Theeducationofherdaughtersthenmakesitmuchmorelikelythatthenextgenerationofgirls,aswellasofboys,willbeeducatedandhealthy.Theviciouscircleisthustransformedintoavirtuouscircle.Fewwilldisputethateducatingwomenhasgreatsocialbenefits.Butithasenormouseconomicadvantagesaswell.Mostobviously,thereisthedirecteffectofeducationonthewagesoffemaleworkers.Wagesriseby10to20percentforeachadditionalyearofschooling.Suchbigreturnsareimpressivebythestandardofotheravailableinvestments,buttheyarejustthebeginning.Educatingwomenalsohasasignificantimpactonhealthpractices,includingfamilyplanning.1.Theauthorarguesthateducatinggirlsindevelopingcountriesis（）.2.Bysaying“…theprophecybecomesself-fulfilling...”(Para.2),theauthormeansthat（）.3.Theauthorbelievesthataviciouscirclecanturnintoavirtuouscirclewhen（）.4.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutwomen’seducation?5.Thispassagemainlydiscusses（）.问题1选项A.troublesomeB.labor-savingC.rewardingD.expensive.问题2选项A.girlswillturnouttobelessvaluablethanboysB.girlswillbecapableofrealizingtheirowndreamsC.girlswilleventuallyfindtheirgoalsinlifebeyondreachD.girlswillbeincreasinglydiscontentedwiththeirlifeathome问题3选项A.womencaremoreabouteducationB.girlscangainequalaccesstoeducationC.afamilyhasfewerbuthealthierchildrenD.parentscanaffordtheirdaughters’education问题4选项A.Itdeservesgreaterattentionthanothersocialissues.B.Itisnowgiventoppriorityinmanydevelopingcountries.C.Itwillyieldgreaterreturnsthanotherknowninvestment.D.Ithasarousedtheinterestofagrowingnumberofeconomists.问题5选项A.unequaltreatmentofboysandgirlsindevelopingcountriesB.thepotentialearningpowerofwell-educatedwomenC.themajorcontributionsofeducatedwomentosocietyD.theeconomicandsocialbenefitsofeducatingwomen第1卷参考答案一.综合题1.【答案】A【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项afitof“突发一阵，阵发”；B选项arayof“一线”；C选项agrainof“一点点；一些”D选项alayerof“一层”。句意：不用管他说什么。你知道，这是在愤怒中说的。这里指“阵发的愤怒”，因此A选项正确。2.【答案】B【解析】考查句子结构。句意：巴拉克•奥巴马的当选从某种程度上来说是种族态度逐渐形成的生动的例证。根据句意可首先排除选项C和选项D；evolve意为“发展，进化，逐渐形成”，在本句中不需要使用被动语态，所以选项A不正确，本题选择B选项。3.【答案】B【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项centrally“在中心”；B选项totally“完全地”；C选项nationally“全国性地”D选项extremely“非常，极其”。句意：在过去的四十年里，天气预报已经几乎完全计算机化了。因此B项符合句意。4.【答案】第1题:A第2题:B第3题:C第4题:A第5题:D第6题:C第7题:B第8题:A第9题:D第10题:C第11题:B第12题:A第13题:C第14题:D第15题:A第16题:D第17题:B第18题:B第19题:C第20题:A【解析】1.考查近义词辨析。A选项alone“孤独的，单干的”；B选项lonely“寂寞的，偏僻的”；C选项abandoned“被抛弃的”；D选项isolated“偏远的，”。根据上下文：20年前，我们在纽约设计了美国第一个所谓的“绿色”办公大楼，我们感觉。但是现在，成千上万的人加入到绿色建筑会议…..。选项A符合语境。2.考查名词辨析。A选项practice“实践，练习”；B选项idea“想法，思想”；C选项outlook“展望，前景”；D选项scheme“计划，诡计”。分析句子结构可知，that在这里引导的是同位语从句做填空处所填词的同位语，由此可知，填空处填入的应该是抽象名词，选项B符合要求。3.考查固定搭配。yearstocome意为“在接下来的几年时间里”。选项C正确。4.考查固定搭配。indoor意为“室内的”；inward意为“向内的，内部的”。indooruse是固定用法，意为“室内使用”，所以选项A正确。5.考查近义词辨析。A选项display“显示，陈列”；B选项exhibit“展览，显示”；C选项discover“发现”；D选项reveal“揭露，暴露”。根据句意：20世纪70年代能源危机后建造的“节能”密封商业建筑，由于油漆、墙面涂料和地毯等材料造成的室内空气质量问题。选项D揭露问题更恰当。6.考查动词辨析。A选项backto“回到”；B选项nextto“紧挨着，旁边”；C选项downto“直到，下至”；D选项nearto“靠近，接近”。根据句意可知，这里指我们所关注的上至材料下至分子，所以选项C正确。7.考查形容词辨析。A选项comfortable“舒适的”；B选项safe“安全的”；C选项cautious“谨慎的”；D选项stable“稳定的”。根据原文可知，涉及到室内空气质量问题，当然是确保材料是安全可靠的，所以选项B正确。8.考查形容词辨析。A选项reduced“减少的”；B选项descended“下降的”；C选项revised“改进的”；D选项delayed“延时的”。根据句意可知，这里是指涂漆所释放的有机化合物的数量明显减少了，选项A正确。9.考查副词辨析。A选项deny“否定，拒绝”；B选项dissolve“溶解”；C选项depress“压抑，使沮丧”；D选项destroy“破坏，毁坏”。根据原文可知，现在的房屋建筑商所用的材料——比如释放有机化合物数量明显减少的涂漆——这些材料不会空气、水或土壤的质量。选项D符合语境。10.考查逻辑连接词。A选项besides“除了…，此外”；B选项anyhow“总之，无论如何”；C选项however“不管怎样，然而”；D选项anyway“无论如何”。上文提及新的材料不会破坏空气等的质量，下一句说到我们的基本设计策略不仅仅是关注于“不那么糟糕”，前后形成了转折关系，所以选项C符合原文语境。11.考查副词辨析。A选项partially“部分地”；B选项completely“完全地”；C选项exactly“恰好，正是”；D选项superficially“表面地”。句意：然而最终我们的基本设计策略不仅仅是关注于“不那么糟糕”，而是创造出完全安全的材料。选项B符合句意。12.考查固定搭配。根据前面的either可知，这里应该填入连词or，意为“要么…要么…”。原文句意：要么安全地返回到土壤，要么被工业重复利用。选项A正确。13.考查固定搭配。Asamatteroffact意为“事实上”。所以选项C正确。14.考查形容词辨析。A选项reprocessed“再加工的”；B选项researched“研究调查过的”；C选项reused“再生的”；D选项recyclable“可再循环的”。上文提到完全健康的材料要么安全地返回到土壤，要么被工业重复利用，也就是说这种材料是可以回收再循环利用的，所以选项D符合原文。15.考查固定搭配。startoutto意为“开始，计划”。所以选项A正确。16.考查副词辨析。A选项basically“主要地，基本上”；B选项traditionally“传统上，习惯上”；C选项originally“最初，起初”；D选项inevitably“必可避免地，必然地”。根据but可知前后构成转折，这里应该是说现在的工业体系不可避免地导致了这些情况。选项D符合语境。17.考查上下文语义。根据句意：因此，我们简单地试图减少损失，而是采取积极的方式。所以应该用insteadof“不是…而是….”符合语境，选项B正确。18.考查动词辨析。A选项adjust“调整”；B选项adopt“采取”；C选项admit“承认”；D选项adapt“适应”。根据句意可知，这里是采取积极的措施，选项B正确。19.考查形容词辨析。A选项functional“功能的”；B选项precious“珍贵的”；C选项beneficial“有益的”；D选项sensible“明智的”。根据前面的句意可知，我们提供给人们的是高质量、健康的产品，那这里所做出的选择当然是对社会产生有益的影响，所以选项C正确。20.考查语法结构。A选项Entire“全部的，整个的”，强调没有失去、减少或损坏的事物；B选项Full“完整的”，强调内容充实；C选项Total“总的，彻底的”，强调总量；D选项Complete“完整的，完全的”，强调完整性。这里是指整个城市，选项A最为恰当。5.【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。degrade“使降低，使堕落，”；bewilder“迷惑；把…弄糊涂，”；evoke意为“唤起，引起，”；divert意为“转移，分散。”句意：这个城市复杂的交通把许多游客搞得晕头转向。B项符合题意。6.【答案】A【解析】语法题。考查倍数表达：倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+其它。句意：钢化玻璃的硬度可能是普通玻璃的五倍。因此A项正确。7.【答案】我们大多数人从宗教、家庭、教育或一般社会中继承了道德，而且通常是从所有这些来源继承的，因为他们都有反对杀戮、偷盗、通奸、撒谎等的共同禁忌，也都相信什么是值得称赞的行为。然而，在某些方面，这些来源可能相互矛盾。你对国家形势的评估可能会把你引向一个方向，宗教或另一个方向;还有家庭传统。生活把我们推入如此多的困境，以至于在每个情况下做正确的事情变得极其困难。8.【答案】略9.【答案】D【解析】考查