自考综合英语二作文题大全

自考综合英语二作文题大全依照本人自考考试经验，每次考试作文题都不会极难，只要知道课文基本内容，文中出现人物性格，或者议论文关键句子，一些outline，关键单词就不会有什么问题。比较难议论文都不太会考（但不代表完全不会考，以下包含了31课全作文资料，全都准备就万无一失）常见一些语句：

frommypointofview…

foronething…，foranother……playanimportantpart/rolein…等…（假如为了应负考试话记住一组常见短语既可，当然你掌握越多越好咯~）能够在平时课文里累积.假如实在写不出为了凑字数话能够选择相同意思可是单词数较多短语，比如because就能够用onaccountof都有因为意思，等等.

较高分作文要求：短句、长句、从句结合。词汇尽可能丰富，句子结构能够用一些倒装句或者强调句。不要过多用简单句。适当加一些适合形容词副词来修饰。文章语句通顺，结构分明（能够分段写）。

重点文章（往年重复考文章）为红色标识

不太可能考为蓝色标识（不代表完全不考，可能性比较小而已）希望大家还是脚踏实地地把每课课后写作练习做一遍，参考一些往年例文，这些都有很大实践性益处。祝大家考试顺利！

LESSON1：TwelveThingsIWishTheyTaughtatSchool…arereallydeepquestions是很深奥问题…requirescourage…andknowledgeandpatience…问问题需要勇气…回答下列问题需要知识和耐心Discussideasindepthwith…和…讨论深奥问题Whatitisthatyoudon’tknow什么是你不知道It’smuchbraverto…thanto…问比不问勇敢得多keyskillastudentshouldacquire.学生应该有一个能力Everyonemakesmistakes每个人都会犯错…innotlearningfromyourmistake.尴尬是没有吸收教训Askingquestionsiathewayto…问问题是一个方式…canbeagatewaytorealinsights.答案是通往深刻看法一个路径Touchmoregreatworks多接触文学作品LESSON2：IconDifferenceHeroesIconsAheroesarenotedforenduringachievements,andself-sacrificemakeforthebenefitsofothers.Iconsaredistinguishedbytheircharm,goodlooksandlegendaryexperience.BHardtimeshelptoproducegreatheroes.Iconsarecreatedbythehighlypublicityofthemedia.CHeroesinspirerespectandworship,sincetheydaretodosomethingwecan’tdo.Iconsstimulateenvy,sincetheywouldbeexactlylikeuswithoutmedia.DThomasEdison，MarkTwainPrincessDianaHeroes：admiredfortheirfinequalityandcontributions.品质贡献Popicons：aremediasuperstars媒体明星legendarylifestories神话般生活故事goodlooks好看外表personalcharm个人魅力atragicdeath悲惨结局.Celebrities：havebeenpublicizedbymediafordifferentreasons因为各种不一样原因被媒体宣传.famousfortheirwell-knowness因为知名而知名.Factorstoshiftthehero-worshiptothecelebrity-worship：1.riseofnewformsofmedia新形式媒体崛起.2.thesituationsofAmerica美国国情coldwarisover冷战结束.overallcrimerateisdown犯罪率下降.povertyhasbeeneasedby…贫穷被平息.medicalscienceimproved医学科技进步.Anicon’sbeinginvitedtoatalkshowisnotduetotheirnaturaldesireandabilitytotalkbutaprooftoshowthattheyaresomebody。LESSON3：GO-GOAmericans（详见课后翻译）…generallyvaluetime通常都珍惜时间.…wanteveryminutetocount希望每分钟都被利用Noonestandsstill，ifnotmovingahead…laggingbehind（fallingbehind）

没有些人是静止不动，假如不前景就会后退.…alwaysinahurry总是很慌忙样子….asquicklyaspossible竟可能快.Attituderesultsinthewideuseoftelecommunications这种态度造成了电子社交广泛利用Towastetimeistowastelife，makethebestuseoflifetime.a.Americansseemtobealwaysinahurry.→Forexample,theyelbowtheirwaywhentheytrytocompleteerrands.→theyeatinahurryinordertomakeroomforothers→whentalkingbusiness,theywillnotwastetimeondinnersandgolfcourse.b.Americansalwayshavestrictschedule.→Theywillhaveoneappointmentfollowinghardontheheelofanotherandliveaccordingtoit.c.Americansproducealotoflabor-savingdevicesandprefertelecommunications.LESSON4：“TakeOver，Bos’n！”senseofresponsibility责任感.Outline：shipwreck→survivorsfloatingonalifeboat→Sidneykepthisgunaimedatothers→Barrettreadytojumpatthelastcanteenofwater→Sidneycouldn’tholdonanymore→theinstanthesunkintounconsciousness,hesaid”TakeOver,Bos’n!”→Intheend,theywererescued,andBarrettknewhecouldn’taffordtothinkonlyofhimselfasthemanincommand.LESSON5：AreYouGvingYourKidsTooMuch？First，manyparentshavefull-timejobandunabletospendmuchtimewiththeirkids.很多家长没有时间陪孩子.fellguiltyabouttheirkids对孩子有惭愧感.compensatebygiving…tokids赔偿孩子很多玩具和衣服.Second，parentsusuallywanttheirkidstoliveabetterlife.家长想让孩子享受愈加好生活.havewhattheyhad/whattheylongforbutwereunabletohave拥有她们有甚至她们渴望却得不到东西.Third，parentscan’tsaynotokids家长拒绝不了孩子.afraidthatkidswouldfeelunloved怕孩子以为没有被疼爱.afraidkidswouldbelaughed…自己孩子被别孩子嘲笑.…mayturnkidsintogreedy、ungrateful、self-centered、selfish溺爱孩子会把孩子变成贪婪忘恩负义自我为中人….lesscreativethanchildrenwithfewerplaythings.比那些拥有比较少玩具孩子缺乏创造性….beupsetwhentheirrequestswerenotsatisfied.当她们要求没被立刻满足时感到难过.Themorethingstheygive，themorelovetheirkidsget.

给越多物品，孩子就越感受到爱Becheerfulandincontroltorefuse…it’salongprocess…accepttheoccasionallyslips.LESSON6：CulturalShock（详见课后翻译）…isafeelingofconfusionandanxietycausedbycontactwithanotherculture.

因为不一样文化造成惶惑和焦虑感.Fourstages：honeymoon、crisis、recovery、adjustment.四个阶段:蜜月、危机、恢复、适应.Honeymoon：feelexcitedandeverythingseemsinteresting…Crisis：begintothinkthingsarenotasbrightaswethought.becomehomesick…Recovery：Youcancopewiththehostenvironmentonthebasisofsomemastery,competenceandcomfort.Adjustment：youfunctionautomaticallyinthenewculture.→youregaintheinitialpositiveregardyouhadinthehoneymoonstage.表现:

a.Theywillrejectthehostenvironmentandgrumbleaboutthedifficulties.

b.Regression:Homeenvironmentsuddenlytookontremendousimportanceanditusuallytakeatriphometobringthembackintoreality.

c.Somespecificindicatorsofcultureshockinclude:washinghandsexcessively,fitsofangeroverminorfrustrationandterriblelongingtogobackhomeandsoon.LESSON7&8TheModelMillionaireHughieErskine：awonderfulgood-looking、charmingguy帅气迷人.intellectually，hewasnotofmuchimportance.智力平平.sopoorandnoprofessor没钱没工作.LauraMerton：fellinlovewithHughie与休吉坠入爱河.herfatherdidn’tagreewiththeirengagementunlesshehad10thousandpounds.不一样意她们结婚除非休吉有一万英镑.故事情节：charmingbutuseless→hecouldneversettleddowntodoonething/kind-hearted→heslippedallhehadtoamiserable-lookingbeggarinhisfriend’sstudio.→itturnedoutthatthepoorbeggerwasamillionaire→sentapresent：10thousandpoundsforhiskindnessTwothingscombinetomakeamodelmillionaire：havealofofmoney有很多钱readinesstogive/arewillingtogive/tocontributetothehappinessofothers随时准备付出贡献.BaronHausberg：foundHughieisasympatheticandkind-heartedguy，Hewiselyusehismoneytohelpapersonwhodeserved.LESSON9：OnlyThreeMoreDays计划William,anAmericanreporter,intendedtotakeBerlindiariesoutofthecity→enoughinthemtogethimhanged→putdiariesatthebottomofthesuitcaseandputbroadcastscriptsandGeneralStaffmapsabove→phonedGestapoandaskedtobeinspected→atthecriticalmoment,hementionedhereportedonthegreatsuccessofGermanarmy→attheairport,duetodozensofsealsfromGestapo,hesuccessfullyflewoff.IfGestaposeizedsththeywouldbesatisfiedandwouldnotgoonwiththesearch.LESSON10：TheWashwoman…hadaverystrongsenseofduty有强烈责任感indomitablewilltofulfillthetaskshehadundertaken为完成责任而不屈不饶毅力.aninbornloveoflabor:foreverypieceoflaundrytocomeoutclean,shewillhandletentimesormore.→everypieceoflaundrywillbeascleanedaspolishedsilver.Stubbornness:shecouldhavelivedinthehomefortheaged,butsheinsistedonmakingalivingbyherself.→inspitethathersontreatedhercruelly,shenevercomplained.→shereturnedthelaundrytoitsrightfulownersevenwhenshewasseverelyill.Tobearespectedperson，whatkindofworkyoudoisnotimportant，whatcountsisattitude.LESSON11：HowIServedMyApprenticeshipHefeltveryproudthathehadbecomeacontributingmemberofhisfamily.

她为自己成为对家庭有贡献一元而感到自豪.Hewasfilledwithafeelingofsatisfactionbecausethemoneywasthehard-earnedrewardofhonestwork.充满了满足感…Hebelievedthathewouldgetintoabetterpositionsomeday.

相信自己会得到愈加好工作.关键词：foundhimselfgrownupwhen…拿到第一份工钱时发觉自己长大了.nolongeramereboybutquiteaman不不过一个男孩而是一个男人.Povertyisnotanevil，onthecontrary，itisthesoiluponwhichcertainvirtueareproduced.Thesevirtuehaveenabledthehumanracetoreachahigh-levelcivilization...enableschildrenofthepoortogrowupinthegenuinelovingcareoftheirparents.Atanearlyage，childrenofthepoorfamilybegantosharetheirparents’responsibilityofsupportingthefamily.Thishelpstodevelopasenseofresponsibilityinthem，thisiswhymanyoutstandingpeoplecomefrompoorfamilies.LESSON12：AFriendoftheEnvironment（详见课后翻译）Whenshewasyoung，shebegantolovebirds，plantsandanimals从小就喜欢大自然→thebiologycourseshetookwidenedherhorizonandmadeherawareofthewonderandexcitementofthescientificstudy生物课影响了她→aftergraduation，sheengagedinresearchontheoceancreaturesandpublished<TheSeaAroundUs>1951毕业后钻研于海洋生物研究而且出版了《我们周围海洋》→anotherbook<SlientSpring>1962，shesoundedawarning：ifamancontinuestousethepoisonouschemicalpesticidesindiscriminately，hewillwipeout（消亡）allbirdsandotheranimalsandplants.发出警告，拒绝用化学杀虫剂→arousedthepublicattentiontotheimportantissueofenvironmentalprotection引发社会关注环境保护问题.→andbecamealandmarkofman’sefforttosavetheearth成为人类努力拯救地球里程碑.LESSON13：WhoShallDwell？Themanandhiswifewerebothlovingparents.when…bothfirstthoughtoftheirkids.当核弹警报降临，父母同时都先考虑到自己孩子.However，theydidn’tagreewitheachotheronwhethertheyshouldsharetheirshelterwiththeirneighbours.她们对于该不该和邻居分享自家避难所而意见不一样Themanthought：aman’sprimarydutywastoprotecthisownfamily

父亲以为一个男人主要任务是保护自己家庭.Hiswifethought：wecan’tdenysafetytoourfriendswhenthecrisiscomes.

母亲以为我们不能在危机来暂时拒绝挽救朋友生命.Whenawomenbeggedthemtoletherdaughterin→theman’swifedashedoutandpushedthegirlin→themanchangedhermindandmadeabigdecision→hewentoutandshoved2kidsin→theiractionsexpressedtheirdevotiontoeachother.关键词：noonecoulddenyachildthechancetolive.LESSON14：CipherintheSnowOutline:Cliffdroppeddeadonhiswaytoschool→whennewscame,studentsandteachershadnoideawhohewas→principalsenthisfavoriteteachertohisfamily→step-fatherowedhisdeathtohissilence→Atschool,teachergavehimunfavorablecomment(lowIQ,slow-witted)→studentsexcludedhimfromactivities→hewasneverlegallyadoptedbyhisstep-father→Itwascrueleducationalsystemandlackofcarefromhisfamilyandschoolthatleadtohisdeath.残酷教育和缺乏关爱.crueleducationalsystem:whenhebeganschool，hisI.Q.wasaboveaveragethoughhewasabitshyandtimid，hewasnevergivenanopportunitytotakepartinactivitiesofanysortatschool.Thenhebegantobelievewhatteacherssaidabouthim.Finallyturnedintocipher.ThisrecognitionmadeJeanabigresolution：shetaughtherstudentsnotonlytheknowledgebutalsothewaytobehappierandmoreuseful.TeachersshouldbetheguidelikeJeandid.LESSON15：Bribery——AnInevitableEvil？（详见课后翻译）Offeringbribesreferstogivingorofferingsomeoneasumofmoneyorsomevaluablestomakehimdosomethingfavorable（有利，赞同）tothebribeofferer.

行贿是指向某人赠予钱或宝贵物品，使其做出有利于赠予者事.Briberyiswidespreadbecauseithelpscertainpeopletogetwhattheywant

行贿广泛性:让许多人得到她们想要东西.Forthegiver：briberyhelpstosecurecontracts帮助取得协议，tobreakintonewmarket进入新商业市场，togetthingssmoothlyandquickly做一些事快且无妨碍.Forthereceiver：itseemsasteadyflowofmoney.Ifeveryonerejectsbribes，therewouldbenosuchthingasbribery.

假如每个人都拒绝贿赂，就不会有类似事发生.Therootcauseofbriberyisman’sgreed.因为人类贪婪.LESSON16：ASocialEventOutline:RandyandCarolewereapromisingHollywoodcouple→theydidn’tgettheinvitationtothefuneralofScottyWoodrow→Itwasinthebestinterestsoftheircareersinceallthebignamesmightappear.→theythoughtoffoodpoisoning→theyknewMuriel,themaidwasinvited→theypersuadedhertotakethemtotheoccasionasherfamily→theysacrificedtheirdignity（尊严高贵）forvanity（虚荣心）.Itseemsthatlesswell-knownactorsandactressesoftendotheirbesttoestablishconnectionwithfamousactorsandactresses.Andonlyinthiswaytheycansucceedmorequickly比较不知名演员经常与有名演员建立好关系这么才能很快成功.ButIthinkactingskillsarethemostimportantfactorforsuccess.Sothemostimportantthingforabeginningactororactressistoimprovethemselves.演绎技巧才是最主要，一定要改进自己才能成功.LESSON1：Courtesy：KeytoaHappierWorldThree“basicingredients”ofcourtesy/politeness/goodmanner：astrongsenseofjustice强烈正义感,theabilitytoshareanotherperson’sinnerfeelings（compathy同情感）andthecapacitytotreatallpeoplealike能够一视同仁.Threethingshelpspeopleimprovetheirmanners：practicingcourtesy联络有礼貌行为tothinkinacourteousway对人有礼貌方式去思索问题toacceptcourtesygladly愉快地接收她人对你文明行为关键词：beconsiderateofothers为她人着想.identifywiththeirproblems体谅她人.don’tletotherpeople’sbadmannersgoadyouintoretaliating不要让她人不礼貌促使你产生报复感..例文Accordingtotheessay,acourteouspersonshouldpossesssomeessentialqualities,suchasastrongsenseofjustice,theabilitytoshareanotherperson’sinnerfeelingsandthecapacitytotreatallpeoplealike.2.Thatistosay,acourteouspersoniscarefulaboutobservingtherulesofacompetition,considerateofthefeelingsandtroubles,andinaddition,hewilltreatpersonswithgoodmannersinspiteoftheirstatus.3.Forexample,IhaveafriendwhomIthinkhasgoodmanners…LESSON2&3TheManWhoCouldWorkMiracles（详见课后翻译）Untilhewasthirtyyearsold，Fotheringaydidn’tbelieveinmiracles→butonedayhefoundthathecoulddothingsbyhiswill→atfirsthewasconfusedandworriedaboutthisextraordinarypower→butafterhedidanumberofusefulthingsbyhiswill→hisstateofmindpassedfromwondertodelight→onSunday，hetoldMr.Maydigabouthis…andshowedhimbyasortofexperiments，Mr.Maydigwasverysurprisedatitandurgedhimonworkingmiraclescontinuously→theirambitionenlarged→atlast，attherequestofthepriest，hestoppedtherotationoftheearth.→theearthdidstopbutthemovablesupontheearth’ssurfacehadn’tstopped→theykeptmovingrapidlyandcausedgreatdestruction（毁灭）→hefeltthathismiraclehadmiscarriedandorderedeverthingtobeputright→finally，helethimselflosehismiraculouspowerbyhiswillHisexperienceshows：ifitnotusedproperly，anypowerfulthingwouldnotbringbenefittohumanbeings，butdestruction.她经历说明：任何强有力东西，要是使用不妥就不会为人类造福。只会带来破坏.LESSON4ZeroHour：Forty-ThreeSecondsoverHiroshimaWhenshesawaB-29bomberapproaching，itdidn’tfrightenher，becauseshethoughtHiroshimawastheonlypeacefulcityduringthewar.开始不害怕But，then，Kazsawthebombfallingawayfromtheplaneanddriftingdowntowardsher..Thejourneytook43seconds.Aloudexplosionreverberated（V.反射，回响）intheair.Amushroomcloudroseovertheremainsofthecity.Kazwasflungtothegroundsoviolentlythathertwofrontteethbrokeoff.Shesunkintounconsciousness.Whenshecametoherself,shefoundtherewasadeadsilencearound,brokenonlybythecriesofthedying.Theirhousecrasheddown.Herfatherhadthefrontofhisbodyburnt.Whenherbrothercameback,shecouldbarelyrecognizehimthroughhiswounds.Asnightfell,sheandherbrothermadeforthemountainstolookforafriendofKaz'swhoofferedtotakethemin.ThereKazlookedbackandsawthecityonfire.Sheleftherbrotherbehindandrandownthehillsidetowardstheflamesforherparents.Thestreetswerefilledwiththedeadandthebarelyliving.ThenKazfellillwithallthesymptomsofradiationsickness.Sheranafever，hergumsandherbowelswerebleeding.Shefeltsickanddizzy，almostdrunk.finallysherecovered，buttheillnesshadnotreallylefther，ithadgoneintohiding.LESSON5FirstPrinciplesLaurahadparentswhokeptherbestinterestsinmind→Christmascoming,fatherwasoutofjob→motherdecidedtocutthebonetothelistandspentholidaysonafarm→itwaslargelyLaura’sdoingthattheyhadaunforgettableChristmas→sheacceptedcheapgiftsinsteadofballerinadress→sheassistedmotherinhousework→rompedwithbrotherandtalkedpoliticssensiblywithherfather→Ifyoukeepthebestinterestsofchildreninmind,theywon’tletyoudowninacrisis.Thefamily：TheWadeswereamiddle-classfamilyoffive，Henry，Emily，their14-year-olddaughterandtheir2youngersons.Christmasshouldbeanoccasiontoexpressone’sloveforone’sfamily是一个表示对家人爱场所andChristmasgiftsshouldbewhatonecanafford礼品也应该是负担得起价位andwhatisworthremembering更应该是值得纪念东西.LESSON6TheBeautyofBritain（详见课后翻译）

TherearethreemajorcharacteristicsofthelandscapeinEngland:a.variety:It’simmenselyvariedwithinasmallrange.b.Surprise:Youhavenevertotravellongwithoutbeingpleasantlysurprised.Forexample,oneasy-rollinglandscone-shapedhillsmightpopup.c.Compromise:Thecountrysideseemstoinsinuateintothecities.Eventhebuildingshaveakindofcoloringandirregularitytofititsnuglyintothelandscape.LESSON7SomeMeaningsofAuthenticLove（背书为主）爱指Lovemeans：…thatIknowthepersonIlove.了解我爱人.…thatIcareaboutthewelfareofthepersonIlove.关心我爱人健康幸福.…havingrespectforthedignityofthepersonIlove.尊重我爱人尊严.…havingaresponsibilitytowardthepersonIlove.对我爱人有责任感.…growthforbothmyselfandthepersonIlove.我和我爱人都要成熟发展.…makingacommitmenttothepersonIlove.对我所爱人作出承诺.…trustingthepersonIlove.信任我爱人.爱其它特质：Lovecantolerateimperfection.爱要容忍缺点.Loveisfreeing.爱是自由行为.Loveisexpansive.爱是博大.LovemeanshavingawantforthepersonIlovewithouthavinganeedforthatpersoninordertobecomplete.我需要我爱人，但并不是缺乏就不行，假如没有你就无法生存，那我就不能自由地爱你.LovemeansidentifyingwiththepersonIlove.能够了解我爱人.Loveisselfish.爱是以自我为出发点.Loveinvolvesseeingthepotentialwithinthepersonwelove.爱包含我能看到我爱人潜在能力.LESSON8HowIDesignedanA-BombinMyJuniorYearatPrincetonJohnPhillipswillbeoutifflunkingonemorecourse→hedecidedtodesignaworkablenuclearbombashisindependentproject→askedaphysicisttobehisadviser,whocomposedalistofreferencebooksforhim→wenttoWashingtonfordeclassifieddocuments→workeddayandnightonthedesign→twoproblemsstilltroubledhim,thearrangeoftheexplosivesandwhichexplosivetouse→whenpaperwasdue,ranthroughalltheoldcalculationsmathematically→phoneDuponttoconfirmhiscalculations→gotoneoftheonlyA.LESSON9FortyYearsOnIthinkgoadingisagoodwaytoprod（V.刺激）thechildrentobehavewell.Inaway,goadingispositive.Ashumanbeings,weallhavethesenseofself-respectandwillbeproudofourlittleachievement.Ifthereareoccasionsprodsintherear,wewillintimebeconsciousofourinefficiency（N.无能）,andthenpressourselvestoachievehigheraims.JustasitaffectedJohnandhiscousin,goadingfromtimetotimecanpreventchildrenfrombeingproudoftheirlittleachievement.Itcanmakethemmoremodestandprudent（adj.有远见，精明）.Themodestreceivebenefit,whiletheconceited（自负）reap（取得）failure.However,wecouldnotsayitiswithoutanyharm.Sometimesitmightbeharmful.Itmaydisappointchildrenandcausethemtoloseheart.Perhapstheywillcollapseafteronesetback（挫折）.Therefore,onlygoadingitselfisnotenough;itmustbecombinedwiththepropermethodtocarryitout.LESSON10OnFriendshipAmerican：FewAmericansstayputforalifetime.Theirfriendsflowinandoutofamericans’housewithlittleceremonyandlittlepersonalcommitment.mostpeople，oldandyoung，arecalledbyfirstnames.americansviewfriendshipmoretentatively，subjecttochangesinintensityaspeoplemove，changetheirjobs，marry，ordiscovernewinterests.French：…isaone-to-onerelationshipthatdemandsakeenawarenessoftheotherperson’sintellect，temperamentandparticularinterests….arenotmadepartoffamilylife.Germany：isamatteroffeeling，notsomucntopolishtheirwitsastosharetheirhopesansfearsanddreams.friendsusuallyarebroughtintothefamily.English：theirbasisissharedactivity.youcantakeupjustwhereyouleftoff.theycan’tputupwithmisjudgement.Friendship：chooseandischosen.specialindividualgiveandtake.Therearemanyimportantqualitiesinafriend;Inmyopinion,themostimportantonesarelistedasfollows:Firstofall,afriendshouldhaveakeenawarenessoftheotherperson’stemperamentandinterests.Withafriend,yourbestqualitieswillbedrawnoutandbeenhanced.Forexample,ifyouhaveafriendwhohasadeepappreciationofaplay,hewillencourageyoutodevelopthistasteandthereforeyourowntastewillbeintensifiedaccordingly.Next,afriendshouldhavesharedactivitieswithyou,whichmightbeofverydifferentkinds.Then,inthemiddleoftheactivity,whateveritmaybe,youwillfallintostepandthefriendcaneasilyanticipatewhatyouwilldodaybydayorinsomecriticalsituations.Lastbutnottheleast,afriendshouldlearnhowtogiveandtake,heshouldidentifywiththeotherperson’sdifferentcharacters,feelingsandevenshortcomings,andcareabouteachother’sgrowth.LESSON11&12SellingthePostMother’scharacter：self-reliant自立:shebroughttwochildrenupallbyherselfandmadesomethingofRussell.Strict严格:shealwayscited（citeV.引用）maximstogoadhersonwhenhecomplainedaboutdifficulties.Considerate考虑周到:whenshefoundRussellcouldn’tmakeasuccessintheworldofbusiness,shedidn’tsticktoitbutratherencouragedRusselltodosomethinghewasgoodat.DifferencebetweenyoungRussellandDorisTaketheexampleof“gumption”，BakerlackeditbutDorishadenoughofitforadozenpeople.

BakerlikedtodomostwaslyinginfrontoftheradioreadinghisfavoriteBigLittleBook.Incontrast，Dorislikedactivity.washingdishes、makingbeds、cleaningthehouseandsoon.Whenshewasonlyseven，shecouldcarryapieceofshortweightedcheesebacktothestore，threatenthemanagerwithlegalaction.Others：asalesmanshouldpossessaqualityofnever-say-quitspiritgumptioniaaspiritofimprovementLESSON13HowtoGrowOld（详见课后翻译）Therecipeforkeepingyouthistodevelopwideandkeeninterestsandactivitiesinwhichyoucanstillbeaffective.What’smore,youhavetoavoidtwothings.

A.Oneistoogreatanabsorptioninthepast.太沉溺于过去.oneshouldnotliveinmemories，inregretsforthegoodolddays，orinsadnessaboutfriendswhoaredead.one’sthoughtsmustbedirectedtothefuture，andthinkaboutwhatshouldbedone.

B.Anotherisclingingtoyourchildren.不依赖儿女.Ifyoustaywithyourchildtooclose,theymightconsideryouaburden.it’snousetellinggrown-upchildrennottomakemistakes，bothbecausetheywillnotbelieveyou，andbecausemistakesareanessentialpartofeducation.Oldmanshouldn’tbeafraidofdeath.Iftheyhavefinishedeverythingthatisinthemtodo,thefearofdeathmightbeignoble.翻译文Oldageisthelaststageofone’slife.Inthisstage，peopleusuallyfacemanyproblems.Inphysiology，oldmenwillgraduallylosetheirsight，hearing，memoryandstrength.Andtheywillprobablylosethe