Lesson+38+The+World+Is+a+Big+Place 冀教版英语八年级下册

Unit7KnowOurWorldLesson38TheWorldIsaBigPlaceListenandwritedownthewords.ReviewplanetbilliontotalincreasesurfaceIndianAtlanticArcticn.行星n.总计；总数adj.总的；总计的v.增加；增大n.表面；表层adj.印度的n.印度人n.&adj.大西洋（的）adj.北极的n.十亿；千兆Words&expressionsThinkHowmanycontinentsarethereintheworld?Whatarethey?Whatdoyouknowabouttheplacewhereyoulive?Let’senjoyasongSevencontinentssongWhatdoyouknowabouttheearth?Theearthisaplanet.

Onethirdoftheplanetisland.行星三分之一Partsofthislandareverydry.Theyarecalled

deserts.

沙漠Whatdoyouknowabouttheearth?Oceanscovertwothirdsoftheearth’ssurface.landocean三分之二表面，表层AfricaAsiaEuropeAustraliaAntarcticaTherearesevencontinentsontheearth:NorthAmericaAntarcticaiscoveredwith

snowandiceallyearround.Buttherearegreenforests,freshwaterandrichlandsontheothersixcontinents.被……覆盖全年，一整年SouthAmericaWhichcontinentisthelargestone/thesecondlargestone/thirdlargestone/...?ThePacificOceanTheIndianOceanTheArcticOceanOceanscovertwothirdsoftheearth’ssurface.Theearthhasonlyonebigocean,butweusethesenamesforitsdifferentparts:印度的；印度人大西洋（的）北极的TheAtlanticOceanTalkabouttheearthwithyourpartner.1.Howmanycontinentsarethereintheworld?Whatarethey?2.Whatarethefourmainoceansintheearth?3.Whatdoyouknowabouttheplacewhereyoulive?PairworkButnowtheearthfacesabigproblem.Intheyear2010,theworld’spopulationwasover7billion

intotal.Itisincreasingveryquickly.By2025,theworldmayhaveabout8billionpeople.Andby2050,theworld’spopulationmayreach9billion.billion十亿increase增加intotal总计，总共Theincreasingpopulationcausesmanyotherproblems,whatarethey?

ThinkListentothelessonandanswerthequestions.1.Whenwastheworld’spopulationover7billionintotal?2.Whenwilltheworldhaveabout8billionpeople?3.Whenmaytheworld’spopulationreach9billion?4.Howmanycontinentsdoestheworldhave5.Howmanyoceansdoestheworldhave?

Listening

Intheyear2010.

By2025.

By2050.Therearesevencontinents.Therearefouroceans.Theearthisaveryspecialplanet,anditfacesabigproblem.Intheyear2010,theworld’spopulationwasover7billionintotal.Itisincreasingveryquickly.By2025,theworldmayhaveabout8billionpeople.Andby2050,theworld’spopulationmayreach9billion.Thereisanotherproblem.Peoplecan’tliveeverywhereontheearth.Wecan’tliveinwater,andonlyaboutonethirdofourplanetisland.Butpartsofthislandareverydry.Thesedryplacesarecalleddeserts.Someareashaveveryhighmountains.Othershavealotofsnowandice.Itisnoteasytoliveinthoseplaces.Therearesevencontinents:Asia,Africa,Australia,Antarctica,Europe,NorthAmericaandSouthAmerica.Antarcticaiscoveredwithsnowandiceallyearround.Luckily,peoplecanliveontheothersixcontinents.Onthesecontinents,therearegreenforests,freshwaterandrichlands.Oceanscovertwothirdsoftheearth’ssurface.Theearthhasonlyonebigocean,butweusethesenamesforitsdifferentparts:thePacificOcean,theIndianOcean,theAtlanticOceanandtheArcticOcean.ThePacificOceanisthelargestone.Theearthisourhomenow,anditwillbeourhomeinthefuture.Itmustbetreatedwellforourchildrenandforourchildren’schildren,too!1Readthelessonandmatcheachparagraphwithitsmainidea.Paragraph1a.Sixofthesevencontinentsaregoodforpeopletoliveon.Paragraph2b.Weshouldtreattheearthwell.Paragraph3c.Anincreasingpopulationisabigproblemfortheearth.Paragraph4d.Twothirdsoftheearthiscoveredwithoceans.Paragraph5e.Peoplecannotliveeverywhereontheearth.ReadingWhatistheproblemtheearthfaces?Canpeopleliveeverywhereonthesevencontinents?3.Howmuchoftheworldiscoveredwithland?

4.Howmanyoceansarethereintheworld?Whatarethey?5.Whatislargestpartoftheocean?Thepopulationisincreasingveryquickly.No,theycan’t.Onethird.Readthelessonagainandanswerthequestions.Four.ThePacificOcean,theIndianOcean,TheAtlanticOcean,antheArcticOcean.ThePacificOcean.1.Intheyear2010,theworld’spopulationwasover7billionintotal.total作名词,意思是“总计”。intotal意思是“总共”,和inall同义。Theruleris1yuanandthepenis10yuan,sothetotalis11yuan.尺子1元钱,钢笔10元钱,所以一共是11元钱。Myfamilymembersare20peopleintotal.我家家庭成员共有20人。Languagepointsintotal=inall合计;总计

thetotalof大量;许多(谓单)atotalof+可数名词复数Over1,000peopleattendedthemeetingintotal.Atotaloftwentyletterswerereceivedlastmonth.上月共收到20封信。【拓展】total还可以作形容词,一般用在名词的前面作定语,表示“总共的,完全的”,副词形式是totally。Histotalmoneywasabout100yuan.他所有的钱大约是100元。Hehasatotallynewchange.他有了一个全新的改变。2.Itisincreasingveryquickly.（世界人口）正在迅速增长。increase可以作及物动词和不及物动词，意为“增加；增大”。

increaseby+倍数/百分数“增加了……倍/百分之……”increaseto+具体数字“增加到……”Thecompanyhas_________thepriceofitscars.Thenumberofthelaptop____________25%lastyear.Thepopulationhas_________(from300,000)_____70,000.000.increasedincreasedbyincreasedto3.Andby2050,theworld'spopulationmayreach9billion.并且截止到2050年，世界人口可能将达到90亿。

(1)“by＋时间”表示“到……为止；不迟于……”。根据不同的时间，使用不同的时态。Canyoufinishthisbytomorrow?在明天以前你能做完这件事吗？Hehasplanted100treesbynow.到现在为止他已经种了100棵树。

(2)billion意为“十亿”，前面有具体数字时，用单数形式；后面加of表示概数时，用复数形式。例如：twobillion20亿billionsof数十亿【拓展】与billion用法相同的词还有：hundred(百),thousand(千),million(百万)。4.Wecan’tliveinwater,andonlyaboutonethirdofourplanetisland.句中onethird意思是“三分之一”,也可以写作one-third。Onethirdofthestudentsintheclassaregirls.班上三分之一的学生是女生。【拓展】英语中分数的表达:(1)分子用基数词表示,分母用序数词表示,当分子大于1时,分母要用复数形式,如：onefifth五分之一；twoseventh七分之二。(2)表示“……中的几分之几”,一般用“分数+of+名词”这一结构。Onlythreetenthsofpeopleagreewithyou.只有十分之三的人同意你的观点。(3)当分数作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式由后面所接名词的形式来确定。若后面的名词是可数名词复数时,谓语动词用复数形式,若后面的名词是可数名词的单数或者不可数名词时,谓语动词则要用单数形式。TwofifthsofthestudentsarefromChina.五分之二的学生来自于中国。Threefourthsofmoneyisforeducation.四分之三的钱用于教育。【典例】(2019年甘肃天水中考)______ofthestudentsinourclass______goingtosummercampinBeijingnextweek.A.Twofifths,isB.Secondfifths,areC.Secondfifths,isD.Twofifths,are【解析】选D。考查分数的表达及主谓一致。句意：我们班五分之二的学生下周要去北京夏令营。英语中表达分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于一时，分母用序数词的复数形式。这里中心词是复数名词students，作主语时谓语用复数，故选D。D5.Antarcticaiscoveredwithsnowandiceallyearround.becoveredwith意思是“被……覆盖”，是被动语态，它的主动形式是“cover…with…”，意思是“用……覆盖……”。被动语态的基本结构为“be+及物动词的过去分词”。Inwinter,everythingiscoveredwithsnow.在冬天，一切都被雪覆盖了。Thefarmercoversthevegetableswithsomeplasticincoldweather.在寒冷的天气里，农民用塑料布盖上蔬菜。Allherhomeworkwasdoneintime.她的所有作业及时做完了。

【拓展】cover作动词时，还可以表示“占地”。Ourschoolcovers0.5squaremiles.我们学校占地0.5平方英里。【辨析】

becoveredwith与becoveredbybecoveredwith是系表结构，注重事物的状态。Themountainiscoveredwithsnowallyearround.这座山一年到头被雪覆盖着。becoveredby是被动语态，可变为相应的主动语态。Mostofthelandiscoveredbyforestsinthisarea.→Forestscovermostofthelandinthisarea.这个地区的大部分土地被森林覆盖着。

2Fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsofthewordsinthebox.increasedrysurfacebilliontotal1．Thenumberofswimmershereis__________quicklybecauseit’sveryhotthesedays.2．Theschoolhasa_______of900students.3．Ithinkitmaybethe________seasonoftheyear.4．The________ofourbodyisskin.Itprotectsus.5．Howmany________ofpeoplearethereintheworldnow?increasingtotal

driestsurfacebillionsLet’sDoIt!3Matchthesevencontinentswiththeircorrectdescriptions.EuropeSouthAmericaAsiaAfricaAustraliaAntarcticaNorthAmericaItisthebiggestcontinent.IthasthehighestpointontheearthintheHimalayas.Itisthesecondlargestcontinent.Manyelephants,giraffes,zebrasandlionslivethere.Itisthethirdlargestcontinent.Canada,MexicoandtheU.S.arethethreemajorcountriesonthiscontinent.Itisthefourthlargestcontinent.Thereare13countriesonthiscontinent.Itisthefifthlargestcontinent.TheSouthPoleisonthiscontinent.Itisthesixthlargestcontinent.Itisagoodplaceforpeopletotravelto.Itisthesmallestcontinent.Youcanfindkoalasandkangaroosthere.I.根据首字母或汉语提示，完成单词。1.Thebiggestoceanintheworldisthe