-新教材高中英语Unit3Warandpeace教学知识细解码学案（含解析）外研版选择性

Unit3Warandpeace1．violentadj.狂暴的，凶暴的→violencen．暴力2．callv．叫，喊；召唤；命名→recallv．回想，回忆起3．bareadj.刚好够的，勉强的；赤裸的→barelyadv.勉强才能4．liberatev.解放(城市、国家等)→liberationn．解放5．memoryn．记忆力；记忆中的事物；回忆→memorialadj.纪念的，追悼的memorialadj.纪念的，追悼的n.纪念碑，纪念物；纪念仪式①Thestatueisalastingmemorialtothosewhodiedinthewar.n.纪念物②ThenationbuiltagrandmemorialtothosewhofellintheNapoleonicwars.n.纪念碑③Thisisamemorialserviceinthedeadman'shonour.adj.纪念的，追悼的WordsAndPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(知识要点1)violentadj.狂暴的，凶暴的(教材P25)Agoodsoldierisnotviolent.一个好士兵是非暴力的。[例1]ItwasthemostviolentfilmthatIhaveeverseen.这是我看过的最暴力的一部电影。[例2]Themadmanwasviolentandhadtobelockedup.这个精神病患者很凶暴，不得不把他锁起来。[造句]猛烈的火山爆发致使1700人死亡。Theviolenteruptionkilled1，700people.[知识拓展](1)layviolenthandson 对……行凶，对……下毒手beviolentto/towards 对……粗暴(2)violencen. 暴力；暴行doviolenceto 损害；污辱；侵害withviolence 猛烈地[即学即练]单句语法填空①Shethoughtthatsomeofthemhadbeenlayingviolenthandsonme.②Heslammedthedoorwithviolence.③Myfatherwasviolentto/towardsmymotherwhenhewasdrunk.④Thesemodernbuildingsdoviolence(violent)tothebeautyoftheoldcity.[小片段填空]Isetouttomakeafilmwithout①violence，andDollsendedupbecomingthemost②violentfilmthatI'vemade.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点2)objectiven.目的，目标(教材P27)Theirobjectivewasclear:toreachtheNormandybeachesalongabout80kilometresofFrenchcoastline.他们的目标很明确：沿着法国大约80公里的海岸线到达诺曼底海滩。[例1]Wesucceededinourmainobjectiveofcuttingcosts.我们实现了削减费用的主要目标。[例2]Thelegislationhasfailedtoachieveitsstatedobjectives.这项法规没有达到它所宣称的目标。[造句]目标是把球弄到网里。Theobjectiveistogettheballintothenet.[知识拓展](1)acommonobjective 共同的目标achieve/meet/reachone'sobjective 达到目标；实现目标establishaclearobjective 制订一个明确的目标(2)objectn. 物体；对象；客体；宾语[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Thetwogroupsarepursuingacommonobjective.②Weneedtoestablishaclearobjective．我们需要制订一个明确的目标。③Thedepartmentneedsmoremoneytoreachitsobjectives．该部门需要更多资金以实现目标。[小片段填空]The①objectiveofthisgameistoescapetheroombyusingvarious②objectsthatarehiddenintheroom.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点3)recallv.回想，回忆起(教材P27)Onesoldierrecalledhowhebarelymadeitwithbombsfallingallaroundhim.一名士兵回忆说，当时他身边到处都是落下来的炸弹，他差点丧命。[例1]Trytorecallwhathappened.用心回忆一下，发生了什么事情。[例2]Iseemtorecallthatshesaidshewasgoingaway.我似乎记得她说过她打算离开。[造句]她还能清晰地记起初次见面的情景。Shecouldstillrecallthefirstmeetingclearly.[知识拓展]recalldoing... 回忆起做某事recall...to 把……召回到……；迫使(某人)恢复……recallthat... 回忆起……recallone'sschooldays/childhood 回忆起学生时代/童年[即学即练]单句语法填空①Johnrecalledattending(attend)schoolwithMary.②Sherecalledthathehadleftearly.③Hehasbeenrecalledtohisoldpost.eq\a\vs4\al(知识要点4)liberatev.解放(城市、国家等)(教材P27)BytheendofAugust1944，theAllieshadreachedtheRiverSeine，Pariswasliberated，盟军到达塞纳河，巴黎获得解放，德国人被从法国西北部赶走。[例1]Youshouldliberatethemindfromprejudice.你该解除心中的偏见。[例2]Theheatbringsaboutachemicalreaction，andoxygenisliberated.热量引起化学反应，释放出氧气。[造句]这个城市是1949年解放的。Thecitywasliberatedin1949.[知识拓展](1)liberatesb./sth. 解放或释放某人或某物liberate...from 把……从……中解放出来(2)liberationn. 解放[即学即练]单句语法填空①Thiswillliberatehimfromeconomicworry.②Beforeliberation(liberate)helivedonwildpotatoes.[小片段填空]I①liberatedthemanwhowasindespairanddesperatelystruggledfor②liberation．SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)过去完成进行时(教材P26)Byspring1944，theSecondWorldWarhadbeenragingacrosstheglobeforaboutfiveyears.到1944年春，第二次世界大战已经在全球肆虐了大约五年。句式分析：句中hadbeenraging为过去完成进行时，是由“hadbeen＋现在分词”构成。表示过去某一时间之前一直进行的动作。[例1]Iaskedwheretheyhadbeenstayingallthosedays.我问他们那些天是待在哪儿的。[例2]Shehadbeensufferingfromabadcoldbeforeshetooktheexam.她在考试之前一直患重感冒。[造句]直到那时他一直在翻译这些书。Uptothattimehehadbeentranslatingthosebooks.[知识拓展](1)过去完成进行时表示动作在过去某一时间之前开始，一直延续到这一过去时间。和过去完成时一样，过去完成进行时也必须以一个过去时间为前提。(2)表示过去反复的动作。[即学即练]完成句子①IhadbeenlookingforitfordaysbeforeIfoundit.这东西我找了好多天才找着的。②Hehadbeenwaitingfortwoweeks.Hewasstillwaiting.他已经等了两个星期。他还在等。③Hehadbeenmentioningyournametome.他过去多次向我提到过你的名字。eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)独立主格结构(教材P26)Code­named“OperationOverlord”，itwasthelargestcombinedsea，airandlandoperationinhistory，theaimbeingtofreenorth­westEuropefromGermanoccupation．代号为“霸王计划”，这是历史上规模最大的海陆空联合行动，目的是要将西北欧从德国占领下解放出来。句式分析：句中theaimbeingtofreenorth­westEuropefromGermanoccupation为“名词＋现在分词”构成的独立主格结构。[例1]Thequestionbeingsettled，wewenthome.问题解决之后，我们就回家了。[例2]Weshallplaythematchtomorrow，weatherpermitting.假设明天天气好，我们就进行比赛。[造句]班长病了，我们最好还是延期开会吧。Themonitorbeingill，we'dbetterputthemeetingoff.[知识拓展]独立主格结构形式为：(1)名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动或正在进行)(2)名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动或已完成)(3)名词/代词＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作)(4)名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Timepermitting(permit)，we'llgotoyourhouse.②Lotsofhomeworktodo(do)，Ihavetostayathomeallday.③Moretimegiven，weshouldhavedonethejobmuchbetter.如果给我们更多的时间，我们会把工作做得更好。④Themeetingover，theteacherswentoutonebyone.会议结束了，老师们一个个走了出来。eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式3)过去分词短语作状语(教材P27)Meanwhile，thousandsmorewerejourneyingacrosstheEnglishChanneltoNormandy，protectedbyfighterplanesintheskiesabovethem．与此同时，数千名士兵在战斗机的保护下，横渡英吉利海峡前往诺曼底。句式分析：句中protectedbyfighterplanesintheskiesabovethem为过去分词短语作伴随状语。[例1]Theteachercamein，followedbyagroupofstudents.老师进来了，后面跟着一群学生。(表示伴随)[例2]Usedwithcare，onetinwilllastforsixweeks.如果用得仔细的话，一罐够用六周。(表示条件)[造句]因为淋了一场大雨，所以他全身湿透了。Caughtinaheavyrain，hewasallwet.[知识拓展]过去分词短语通常在句中作时间、原因、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。[即学即练]单句语法填空/完成句子①Frightened(frighten)bythenoiseinthenight，thegirldidn'tdaretosleepinherroom.②Asked(ask)whyhedidit，themonitorsaiditwashisduty.③Surroundedbyhisstudents，theprofessorsattherecheerfully.那位教授在学生的簇拥下，兴高采烈地坐在那儿。④Defeatedagain，hedidn'tloseheart.尽管再次被击败，他也没有灰心。1．Withthesewordsringingintheirears，AlliedsoldierspreparedforwhatwouldbecomeknownasD­Day.分析：句中Withthesewordsringingintheirears为介词with的复合结构，其结构为“with＋n.＋doing...”，作伴随状语，whatwouldbecomeknownasD­Day为what引导的宾语从句。译文：这些话在他们的耳畔回响，盟军士兵为后来著名的诺曼底登陆日做好了准备。2．Althougheachyeartheyarefewerinnumber，theiroutstandingactsofcouragemeanthatwewillalwaysrememberthem—aswellasthosewholosttheirlivesonthebeachesofnorthernFrance.分析：句中Althougheachyeartheyarefewerinnumber为although引导的让步状语从句，thatwewillalwaysrememberthem为that引导的宾语从句，wholosttheirlivesonthebeachesofnorthernFrance为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词those。译文：尽管他们的人数每年都在减少，但他们杰出的勇敢行为意味着我们将永远记住他们——以及那些在法国北部海滩上牺牲的人。教材高考1.Buteveninthedepthsofwar，fewcouldhavebeenpreparedfortheviolenceandhorrortheywouldexperiencethere.(2019·江苏卷)AtsometimeinthepastYellowstonemusthaveblownupwithaviolencefarbeyondthescaleofanythingknowntohumans.2.Theirobjectivewasclear:toreachtheNormandybeachesalongabout80kilometresofFrenchcoastline.(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)Anotherwayofsettingrealisticgoalsistoanalyzeyourshortandlongtermobjectives，keepinginmindyourbeliefs，valuesandstrengths.3.Onesoldierrecalledhowhebarelymadeitwithbombsfallingallaroundhim：“Iwasthefirstoneout...”(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Whaleyrecallshowatthebeginningoftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.4.Onesoldierrecalledhowhebarelymadeitwithbombsfallingallaroundhim：“Iwasthefirstoneout...”(2018·浙江11月卷)Hebarelyunderstandsthem.，thousandsmorewerejourneyingacrosstheEnglishChanneltoNormandy，protectedbyfighterplanesintheskiesabovethem.(2019·天津卷)Touchedbytheirenthusiasticexpressionofaffection，Mabrythankedthemall.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Manycinema­goerswereastonishedbythefilm'sviolent(violence)andtragicend.2．Hecontinuedtoplacesecurityaboveallotherobjectives(objective).3．Ihadsomedifficultyatfirstrecalling(recall)whywewerethere.4．Wordwentoutthatalotoftanks(tank)wasonitsway.5．Myhometownwasliberated(liberate)inthespringof1949.6．Manyothermemorials(memorial)havebeenbuiltinhismemoryovertheyears.7．Hetookbarely(bare)enoughmoneytokeepthechildreninbread.8．Giventheopportunity，shemightwellhavebecomeanoutstandingartist.9．Seen(see)fromthetopofthehill，thecitylooksmorebeautiful.hadbeengambling(gamble)sincehewasten.Ⅱ.短语填空withviolence，liberate...from，besetfor，haveconfidencein，nothinglessthan1．Tobetrulyfree，hemustbeliberatedfromthesethings.2．Thestormknockedoveralotoftreeswithviolence．3．Themostimportantthingistohaveconfidenceinyourself.4．Yourfailurewasduetonothinglessthany