交通英语PPT（高职）完整全套教学课件

Unit1MeansofTransportationUnit1I.FocusonthetopicII.VocabularystudyIIII.ReadingoneIV.Task-drivenpracticeV.Readingtwo

VI.

WritingMeansofTransportationIVII.AchievementTestMeansofTransportationWorkinpairsHowdoyoucometocollege?Icometocollege...Mypartnercomes...

○byair ○byplane

○bytrain ○bytrain

○bysubway ○bysubway

○bybus ○bybus

○byship ○byship

○onfoot ○onfoot

○bytaxi ○bytaxi

○bybike ○bybikePart1FocusonthetopicWhydoyouchoosethismeansoftransport?Whatmeansoftransportationdoyoupreferwhenyoutravelaround?Part2VocabularystudyChoosethebestanswertocompletethefollowingsentences.1.Onlyteamworkwill（）ustomakethejobfinishedontime.enableB.availableC.ableD.ability2.Ourcountryhas（）thediplomaticrelationswithmanyothercountriesintheworld.essentialB.estimateC.establishedD.especial3.Hehastheambitionto（）thissmallandcompetitivecompany.dominantB.dominateC.domesticD.domain4.Nowadays,amore（）foreignpolicyisjustneededtoourcountry.A.flexibleB.flexibilityC.fleshD.flee5.Totightenthe（）policyisnecessaryforourcountryinthecurrentstage.A.implementB.immigrationC.impactD.immediatePart3ReadingoneTransport—VehicleandModesTransport,ortransportation,isthemovementofpeople,animalsandgoodsfromonelocationtoanother.Itenablestradebetweenpeople,whichinturnestablishescivilizations.Transportationinfrastructureconsistsofthefixedinstallationsnecessaryfortransport,includingroads,railways,airways,waterways,canalsandpipelinesandterminalssuchasairports,railwaystations,subwaystations,busstations,warehouses,truckingterminalsandseaports.Terminalsmaybeusedbothforinterchangeofpassengersandcargoandformaintenance.Part3ReadingoneAvehicleisanynon-livingdevicethatisusedtomovepeopleandgoods.Itmovesalongwiththecargoandriders.Unlessbeingpulledbyacableormuscle-power,thevehiclemustprovideitsownpropulsion;thisismostcommonlydonethroughasteamengine,combustionengine,electricmotor,ajetengineorarocket,thoughothermeansofpropulsionalsoexist.Vehiclesalsoneedasystemofconvertingtheenergyintomovement;thisismostcommonlydonethroughwheels,propellersandpressure.Vehiclesaremostcommonlystaffedbyadriver.Simplevehiclessuchasautomobiles,bicyclesorsimpleaircraft,mayhaveoneofthepassengersasadriver.Passengertransportvehiclemusthaveacompartmentforthepassengers.

Part3ReadingoneAmodeoftransportationisasolutionthatmakesuseofaparticulartypeofvehicle,infrastructureandoperation.Modesoftransportincludeair,rail,road,water,cable,pipelineandspace.Vehiclestravelingonthesenetworksmayincludeaircraft,trains,automobiles,busesandbicycles.Thetransportofapersonorofcargomayinvolveonemodeorseveralofthemodes.Eachmodehasitsownadvantagesanddisadvantages,andwillbechosenforatriponthebasisofcost,capability,routeandspeed.

Passengertransport,ortravel,isdividedintopublicandprivatetransport.Publictransportisscheduledservicesonfixedroutes,whileprivateisvehiclesthatprovideadhocservicesattheriders’desire.Thelatteroffersbetterflexibility,buthaslowercapacity,andahigherenvironmentalimpact.Travelmaybeaspartofdailycommuting,forbusiness,leisureormigration.Short-haultransportisdominatedbytheautomobileandmasstransit,whichconsistsofbusesinruralandsmallcities,supplementedwithcommuterrail,subway,tramsandrapidtransitinlargercities.Part3Readingone

Long-haultransportinvolvestheuseoftheautomobiles,trains,coachesandaircraft,thelastofwhichhavebecomepredominantlyusedforthelongest,includingintercontinentaltravel.Publictransportmayalsoinvolvetheintermediatechangeofvehicle,withinoracrossmodes,atatransporthub,suchasabus,subwayorrailwaystation.Taxisandbusescanbefoundonbothendsofpublictransportspectrum,whereasbusesremainthecheapermodeoftransportbutarenotnecessarilyflexible,andtaxisbeingveryflexiblebutmoreexpensive.Inthemiddleisdemandresponsivetransportofferingflexibilitywhilstremainingaffordable.(476words)Part3Readingone

DemandResponsiveTransport,DRT,又称“定制公交”或“门到门”运输,是一种先进的公共运输模式。DRT的显著特点是公交车辆的运营时间、路径由DRT的出行调度中心(TravelDispatchCenter,TDC)根据乘客预定的需求来优化决定,利用它，乘客可以“拼车”或共同实现“门到门”出行。这种模式没有固定的运营路线或没有固定的运营时间，故也称作非定线、准定线或柔性公共交通。NOTEReadForMainIdeasChoosethecorrectanswertocompletethefollowingstatements.1)Accordingtothereading,avehicleisanynon-livingdevicethatisusedtomove

peopleand.（

B）A.goodB.goodsC.foodD.rider2)Modesoftransportincludeair,rail,（

C）,water,cable,pipelineandspace.A.streetB.lordC.roadD.bridge3)Passengertransport,ortravel,isdividedinto（

D

）andprivatetransport.A.generalB.commonC.ordinaryD.publicReadForMainIdeasChoosethecorrectanswertocompletethefollowingstatements.4)Amodeoftransportationisasolutionthat（

B

）

aparticulartypeofvehicle,infrastructureandoperation.A.makesupB.makesuseofC.makesforD.makesin5)（

A）offersbetterflexibility,buthaslowercapacity,andahigherenvironmentalimpact.A.PrivatetransportB.PublictransportC.TrainD.PlaneReadForDetailsCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectwordsfromthereading.1)Transportationinfrastructureconsistsofthe（

fixed

）installationsnecessaryfortransport.2)Airports,railwaystations,subwaystations,busstations,warehousessandseaportsarealltransport（terminals

）.3)Vehiclesneedasystemofconvertingtheenergyinto（

movement

）.4)Passengertransportvehiclemusthavea（

compartment

）

forthepassengers.ReadForDetailsCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectwordsfromthereading.5)（

buses）remainthecheapermodeoftransportbutarenotnecessarilyflexible.6)Transport,ortransportation,isthe（

movement

）ofpeople,animalsandgoodsfromonelocationtoanother.7)（Terminals

）maybeusedbothforinterchangeofpassengersandcargoandformaintenance.8)Unlessbeingpulledbya（cable

）ormuscle-power,thevehiclemustprovideitsownpropulsion.ⅢMakeinferencesWorkwithapartner.Readeachstatementanddecidewhetherit’sT(True)orF(False).Thenshareyouranswerswiththeclass.1)Thetransportofapersonorofcargomustinvolveseveralofthemodes.□F2)Short-haultransportisdominatedbytheautomobileandmasstransit.□T3)Privatetransportoffersbetterflexibility,buthaslowercapacity,andahigherenvironmentalimpact.□T4)Fewvehiclesarecommonlystaffedbyadriver.□FMakeInferencesⅢMakeinferences5)Modesoftransportincludeair,rail,road,water,cable,pipelineandspace.□T6)Vehiclesdonotneedasystemofconvertingtheenergyintomovement.□F7)Publictransportmayalsoinvolvetheintermediatechangeofvehicle,withinoracrossmodes,atatransporthub,suchasabus,subwayorrailwaystation.□TMakeInferencesExpressOpinionsDoyouliketotravelbytrain?Check(√)youranswer.Thenchooseareasonoraddyourideas.Shareyouranswerwithapartner.□Yes,Ido.●It’ssafeandconvenient.●Thetrainticketisaffordable.●Icanmovearoundandmeetfriendsonthetrain.●____________________________________________________□No,Idon’t.●It’sslowerthantheplane.●High-speedtrainticketisexpensive.●Somedirecttrainsarecrowdedanduncomfortable.●____________________________________________________Part4Task-drivenpracticeListeningComprehensionListentotheannouncementsandcompletetheparagraphswithsuitablewords.Thenretellthem.Task1OnBusWelcometoBus106forDongzhimen.Pleaseletthedepartingpassengersgetoff

first

(first,fast)andboardinorder.PassengersusingICcardsplease

swipe(sweep,swipe)yourcards.ThenextstopisTianqiao.Pleasehaveyourticketsreadyforinspection.Wehopeyoungpeople

offer

(often,offer)yourseatstotheseniors,children,pregnantwomen,thesickandthedisabled.Thankyou.Task2OntheSubwayThenextstationisSihui,theterminusoftheline.Pleasegetreadyforyourarrival(arrival,arrive)andmakesureyouhaveallyourbelongingswithyou.Thedoorontheright

(left,right)sidewillopen.Pleasekeepclear(clear,near)ofthedoor.PassengerstransferringtoLine1pleasegothroughtheTransferHall.WelcometotakeBeijingsubwayonyournexttrip.Haveaniceday.Part4Task-drivenpracticeTask3AttheWaitingHallGoodmorning,everyone.Attention,please.TrainT209toHangzhouwilldepart(goout,depart)at9:15.Thetrainisnowstanding(standing,lying)atPlatform2.PassengerswhowilltaketrainT209arerequestedtocheckinatentrance(entrance,enter)No.3andboardthetrain.Part4Task-drivenpracticeOralCommunication

Listentothedialogues.Readthemloudlyandpracticetheminpairswithyourpartner.Task1TakingBusesA:Hey,youngman,haveyouevertakenthebusbefore?B:OfcourseIhave.Iwaswaitinginlinebuteveryonepushesnow.A:Anywayyoushouldletoldpeopleandladiesonfirst.B:Sorry,madam.Haveaseathere.A:It’sallright.Well,thanks.Whereareyougoing?B:IamgoingtoseetheYuyuanGarden.Part4Task-drivenpracticeA:Oh,youareonthewrongbus.Itgoestotheoppositedirection.B:Really?Oh,no.A:Don’tworry.Justgetoffatthenextstopandcrossthestreet.Thereisabusstopoverthere.TakeanotherBus930towardsShanghaiRailwayStationandgetoffatXinbeimenstop.B:Well,thankyouverymuch.A:You’rewelcome.Part4Task-drivenpracticeOralCommunication

Listentothedialogues.Readthemloudlyandpracticetheminpairswithyourpartner.Task2TaxisA:Iamafraidwe’regoingtobelateforthetrain.B:We’dbettergetataxi.It’sfasterthantakingthebusorthesubway.A:Iftherearenotrafficjams.Andhowmuchwillitcosttogettotherailwaystation?B:Aroundeightorninedollars.Itwillbemoreexpensivethanthebusorthesubway,butmoreconvenient.A:Allright.Taxi!Part4Task-drivenpracticeB:Totherailwaystation,please.Doyouknowtheway?Driver:Whichrailwaystation,please?TherearefiverailwaystationsinShanghai,now.A:Thenearestone.B:No!Theoneonyourtrainticket.Driver:Letmehavealook.That’sShanghaiWest.Part4Task-drivenpracticeTask3ByBikeA:Hi.Susan.Doyoucometoworkbybikeeveryday?B:Yes.Ithelpskeepmefitandhelpstheenvironment.A:Onelesscarontheroadmeanslesspollution.B:Right.Myhouseisnearthelake,it’sreallyaniceride,too.A:Howfarisit?B:About5kilograms.Ittakesmeabouthalfanhour.Part4Task-drivenpracticeTask3ByBikeA:Thatsoundsgood.IwishIcoulddoit,butmyhomeisfarinthesuburb.SoItakethemetro.B:You’redoingyourpartfortheenvironmentbyusingpublictransportation,too.A:True.Well,seeyouthen.B:Seeyou.Part4Task-drivenpracticePart5ReadingtwoHistoryofTransportationHumans’firstmeansoftransportwerewalkingandswimming.Thedomesticationofanimalsintroducesanewwaytolaytheburdenoftransportonmorepowerfulcreatures,allowingheavierloadstobehauled,orhumanstoridetheanimalsforhigherspeedandduration.Inventionssuchasthewheelandsledhelpedmakeanimaltransportmoreefficientthroughtheintroductionofvehicles.BeforetheIndustrialRevolution,watertransport,includingrowedandsailedvessels,wastheonlyefficientwaytotransportlargequantitiesoroverlargedistances.

Part5ReadingtwoThefirstformsofroadtransportwerehorses,oxenorevenhumanscarryinggoodsoverdirttracks.Thefirstwatercraftwerecanoescutoutfromtreetrunks.Earlywatertransportwasaccomplishedwithshipsthatwereeitherrowedorusedthewindforpropulsion,oracombinationofthetwo.Theimportanceofwaterhasledtomostcitiesthatgrewupassitesfortrading,beinglocatedonriversoratsea,oftenattheintersectionoftwobodiesofwater.UntiltheIndustrialRevolution,transportremainedslowandcostly.Part5ReadingtwoTheIndustrialRevolutioninthe19thcenturysawanumberofinventionsfundamentallychangetransport.Thefirsthighwayswereconstructedduringthe19thcenturywithmacadam.Theinventionofthesteamengine,closelyfollowedbyitsapplicationinrailtransport,madethespeedandcapacityoflandtransportincreasedrapidly.Thiscenturyalsosawthedevelopmentofthesteamshipthatspedupglobaltransport.Part5ReadingtwoAttheturnintothe20thcentury,withthedevelopmentofthecombustionengineandtheautomobile,roadtransportbecamemoreviable,allowingtheintroductionofmechanicalprivatetransport.In1903,thefirstcontrollableairplanewasinvented,andafterWorldWarI,itbecameafastwaytotransportpeopleandexpressgoodsoverlongdistances.AfterWorldWarII,theautomobileandairlinestookhighersharesoftransport,reducingrailandwatertofreightandshort-haulpassenger.Spaceflightwaslaunchedinthe1950s,withrapidgrowthuntilthe1970s,wheninterestdwindled.Part5ReadingtwoInthe1950s,theintroductionofcontainerizationgavemassiveefficiencygainsinfreighttransport,permittingglobalization.Internationalairtravelbecamemuchmoreaccessibleinthe1960s,withthecommercializationofthejetengine.Alongwiththegrowthinautomobilesandmotorways,thisintroducedadeclineforrailandwatertransport.AftertheintroductionoftheShinkansenin1964,high-speedrailinAsiaandEuropestartedtakingpassengersonlong-haulroutesfromairlines.(410words)Part6.WritingSentencesCompletethesentenceswiththewordsgivenbelowandchangethewordformswherenecessary.haulcontainerizationaccessiblevehicleviablecapacitydwindledomesticatedeclinepropulsion1.The­­vehiclewouldnothavethecapacitytomakethejourneyononetank

offuel.这辆车单靠一箱燃料无法跑完整趟旅程。

2.Shewaslatefortheinterviewafterbeing­­hauled

upforspeeding.由于超速驾车被拦下，她面试迟到了。

3.Wedomesticatedthedogtohelpuswithhunting.我们驯狗来帮助打猎。

Part6.WritingSentences4.The­­propulsionsystemconsistsoffiveF-1engines.推进系统包括五个F-1发动机。

5.Hermental­­capacityandtemperamentareasremarkableashis.她的才智和气质和他一样出众。

6.Theschemeiseconomically­­viable.这个计划从经济效益来看是可行的。

7.Thefactory’sworkforcehas­­dwindledfromover4,000toafewhundred.工厂雇员总数已经从4,000多人减少到了几百人。

8.Ithinkcontainerizationisoneofthebestloadingmethodsatpresent.我认为集装箱运输是目前最佳的运输方法之一。

Part6.WritingSentences9.Theremotedesertareais­­accessibleonlybyhelicopter.只有乘直升机才能进入那遥远的荒漠地区。

10.Thankfullythesmokingofcigarettesisonthedecline

.令人欣慰的是，吸烟量在逐渐下降。

Part6.WritingParagraphGothroughReadingTwo.Thenfillintheblankswithproperwords.Attheturn1)intothe20thcentury,withthedevelopmentofthecombustionengineandtheautomobile,roadtransportbecamemoreviable,allowingtheintroduction2)ofmechanicalprivatetransport.In1903,thefirstcontrollableairplanewasinvented,and3)afterWorldWarI,itbecameafastwaytotransportpeopleandexpressgoods4)overlongdistances.AfterWorldWarII,theautomobileandairlinestookhighersharesoftransport,reducingrail5)andwatertofreightandshort-haulpassenger.Spaceflightwaslaunchedinthe1950s,withrapidgrowth6)untilthe1970s,wheninterestdwindled.Part6.WritingCompositionSample1Ilikemanymeansoftransport,suchastrains,planes,carsandsoon,butmyfavoritemeansoftransportisunusual,horse.Twoweeksago,Isawagreatmovienamed“WarHorse”,thenIwasinterestedinhorseverymuch.Lastweek,IwenttotheForestParkandrodethehorse,WhenIrodethehorse,Ifeltveryhappy.Andhorsesdon’temitanyPM2.5.Ireallylikehorses.我喜欢许多的交通工具，如火车、飞机、汽车等等，但我最喜欢的交通工具却是不寻常的马。两个星期前，我看到一个很棒的电影名叫“战马”，之后我就对马非常的感兴趣。上周我去了森林公园，并且骑了马。当我骑着马，我觉得非常高兴。马也并不会产生PM2.5。我真的很喜欢马。Part6.WritingSample2Amongallmeansoftransportation,Ilikebicyclemost.It’scheapaswellaspopular.

Therearemanyadvantagestoridethebicycle.Inthefirstplace,ridingbicyclemakesmefeelindependent.Icangoanywherebybicycle.Especiallyduringrushhours,Icanstillmovefreely.Secondly,usingabicycleisgoodforenvironmentprotection,becauseitwon’temitanywastegas.Moreover,bicycleridingisalsoagoodsport.Whileridingabicycle,Icanexercisemyself,whichishealthfultome.Inmyfreetime,Ioftenridemybicycletogetaroundinthedowntownareaorinthecountryside,soastorelaxmyself.It’sreallyaniceoutdooractivityforme,Ithink.Part6.WritingSample2在所有的交通工具中，我最喜欢自行车。它很便宜也很受欢迎。骑自行车有很多好处。首先，骑自行车让我感到独立。我可以骑自行车去任何地方。特别是在上下班高峰时间，我仍然可以自由移动。其次,使用自行车对环境保护有好处,因为它不会排放任何废气。此外,骑自行车也是一种很好的运动。在骑自行车的时候，我可以锻炼我自己，这对我来说是非常健康的。在我的空闲时间，我经常骑着自行车在市区和乡村穿行，以放松自己。我想这对我来说真的是一个很好的户外活动。YourTaskMyFavoriteMeansofTransportDirectionsAfterlearningthisunit,youarerequiredtofinishTest1insupplementary

material.

Part7AchievementTestUnit2UrbanRailTransportationUnit2I.FocusonthetopicII.VocabularystudyIIII.ReadingoneIV.Task-drivenpracticeV.Readingtwo

VI.

WritingUrbanRailTransportationIVII.AchievementTestUrbanRailTransportationWorkinpairsWhichkindofpublictransportdoyouprefer?Comparethebusandsubwayandchooseyourreasons.Mychoiceis...Mypartner’schoiceis...BusSubway○lessmoney ○muchmoney○moreenvironment-friendly ○fast,savingmoretimethanothervehicle○butwastelotsoftime ○largecapacity○limitednumberofpassengers ○notrafficproblems○nofixedtimetable ○exacttimetablePart1FocusonthetopicListtheadvantageanddisadvantageoftheurbanrailtransit.Shareyourfirstexperienceoftakingthesubwayandthinkaboutwhattheurbanrailtransitmeansforamoderncity.Part2VocabularystudyChoosethebestanswertocompletethefollowingsentences.1.（B）developmenthasledtothegreatdamageofvastareasofcountryside.A.CountryB.UrbanC.UniqueD.Ultimate2.Thisstadiumhasa

（A）seatingofabout10,000.A.capacityB.roomC.capableD.cable3.Afterallthemembers’deliberation,theydecideto

（C）theproject.A.abstractB.abuseC.abandonD.above4.Weneedto（A）thestatusandthetreatmentofteachers.A.upgradeB.gradeC.downgradeD.great5.He

（D）

manyofhisfriendstopowerfulpositionsbyusinghis

privilege.A.elegantB.hoveredC.elevatorD.elevated

Part3Readingone

UrbanRailTransit

Urbanrailtransitisanall-encompassingtermforvarioustypesoflocalrailsystemsprovidingpassengerservicewithinandaroundurbanorsuburbanareas.Thesetofurbanrailsystemscanberoughlysubdividedintothefollowingcategories,whichsometimesoverlapbecausesomesystemsorlineshaveaspectsofeach.Part3ReadingoneTram:Atram,streetcarortrolleysystemisarail-basedtransitsystemthatrunsmainlyorcompletelyalongstreets,withrelativelylowcapacityandfrequentstops.Passengersusuallyboardatstreet-orcurb-level,althoughlow-floortramsmayallowlevelboarding.Longer-distancelinesarecalledinterurbansorradialrailways.Fewinterurbansremain,mosthavingbeenupgradedtocommuterrailorabandoned.

Part3ReadingoneLightrail:Alightrailsystemisarail-basedtransitsystemthathashighercapacityandspeedthanatram,butisnotfullygrade-separatedlikerapidtransit.Itemergedasanoutgrowthoftrams/streetcars.Lightrailsystemsvarysignificantlyintermsofspeedandcapacity.Theyrangefromslightlyimprovedtramsystemstosystemsthatareessentiallyrapidtransitwithlevelcrossings.

Part3ReadingoneRapidtransit:Arapidtransit,underground,subway,tube,elevated,ormetrosystemisarailway—usuallyinanurbanarea—withahighcapacityandfrequencyofservice,andgradeseparationfromothertraffic.Inmostpartsoftheworldthesesystemsareknownasa“metro”whichisshortfor“metropolitan”.Theterm“subway”isusedinmanyAmericansystemsaswellasinGlasgowandToronto.ThesysteminLondonusestheterms“underground”and“tube”.ManysystemsinEastandSoutheastAsiasuchasTaipeiandSingaporearecalledMRTwhichstandsforMassRapidTransit.

Therearealsoothertypesofurbanrailtransitsuchasmonorail,funicular,magneticsuspended,guidedbusandcommuterrail.Acommuterrailorregionalrailsystemoperatesonmainlinetrackagewhichmaybesharedwithintercityrailandfreighttrains.Systemstendtooperateatlowerfrequenciesthanrapidtransitsystems,buttendtravelathigherspeedsandcoverlongerdistances.ThoughmanyEuropeanandEastAsiancommuterrailsystemsoperatewithfrequenciesandrollingstocksimilartothatofrapidtransit,theydonotqualifyassuchbecausetheysharetrackswithintercitytrains.Part3Readingone

Transitagencies’namesforlinesdonotnecessarilyreflecttheirtechnicalcategorization.Forexample,Boston’sGreenLineisreferredtoasasubway,despitehavingstreet-runningportions.Conversely,theDocklandsLightRailwayinLondon,GreenLineinLosAngelesandsomemetrolinesinChinaarereferredtoas“LightRail”eventhoughtheyqualifyasrapidtransitbecausetheyarefullygrade-separatedandprovideahighfrequencyofservice.Part3Readingone

Manycitiesusenamessuchassubwayandelevatedrailwaytodescribetheirentiresystems,evenwhentheycombinebothmethodsofoperation.SlightlylessthanhalfoftheLondonUnderground’stracks,forexample,areactuallyunderground;NewYorkCity’ssubwayalsocombineselevatedandsubterraneanstations,whiletheChicago’L’andVancouverSkyTrainusetunnelstorunthroughcentralareas.Part3ReadingoneReadForMainIdeasChoosethecorrectanswertocompletethefollowingstatements.1)Accordingtothepassage,urbanrailtransitisanall-encompassingtermforvarioustypesoflocalrailsystemsincluding(D).A.tramB.lightrailC.rapidtransitD.alloftheabove2)Atram,streetcarortrolleysystemisarail-basedtransitsystemthatrunsmainlyorcompletelyalong(A),withrelativelylowcapacityandfrequentstops.StreetsB.urbanareaC.undergroundD.railwaysReadForMainIdeas3)Whichcategoryofurbanrailsystemsisarailwaywithahighcapacityandfrequencyofservice,andgradeseparationfromothertraffic?(C)A.TramB.LightrailC.RapidtransitD.Metrosystem4)Theterm“(D)”isusedinmanyAmericansystemsaswellasinGlasgowandToronto.A.undergroundB.metrosystemC.tubeD.subway5)Whichisnottrueafterreadingthewholepassage?(D)A.Alightrailsystemisarail-basedtransitsystemthathashighercapacityandspeedthanatram.B.Inmostpartsoftheworldthesystemsareknownasa“metro”whichisshortfor“metropolitan”.C.MRTstandsforMassRapidTransitinSingapore.D.Transitagencies’namesforlinesmustreflecttheirtechnicalcategorization.ReadForDetailsCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectwordsfromthereading.1)Passengersusually(board)atstreet-orcurb-level,althoughlow-floortramsmayallowlevelboarding.2)Lightrailsystems(vary)significantlyintermsofspeedandcapacity.3)Theyrange(from)slightlyimprovedtramsystemssystemsthatareessentiallyrapidtransitwithlevelcrossings.4)Systemstendto(operate)atlowerfrequenciesthanrapidtransitsystems,buttendtravelathigherspeedsandcoverlongerdistances.ReadForDetailsCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectwordsfromthereading.5)ManysystemsinEastandSoutheastAsiasuchasTaipeiandSingaporearecalledMRTwhich(standsfor)MassRapidTransit.6)Transitagencies’(namesfor)linesdonotnecessarilyreflecttheirtechnicalcategorization.7)Forexample,Boston’sGreenLineis(referredto)asasubway,despitehavingstreet-runningportions.8)NewYorkCity’ssubwayalso(combines)elevatedandsubterraneanstations.ⅢMakeinferencesWorkwithapartner.Readeachstatementanddecidewhetherit’sT(True)orF(False).Thenshareyouranswerswiththeclass.1)Urbanrailtransitisanall-encompassingtermforvarioustypesoflocalrailsystemsprovidingpassengerservicewithinurbanareas.□F2)Afewinterurbansremain,mosthavingbeenupgradedtocommuterrailorabandoned.□F3)Alightrailsystemisarail-basedtransitsystemthatisfullygrade-separatedlikerapidtransit.□F4)Therearealsoothertypesofurbanrailtransitsuchasmonorail,funicular,magneticsuspended,guidedbusandcommuterrail.□T5)Boston’sGreenLineisreferredtoasasubway,despitehavingstreet-runningportions.□TMakeInferencesⅢMakeinferencesWorkwithapartner.Readeachstatementanddecidewhether