初中英语被动被动语态课件

.thePassiveVoice（被动语态）2021/5/91一：英语的谓语动词有两种语态WespeakEnglish.主语谓语(vt.)宾语Englishisspokenbyus.主语谓语宾语主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。

汉语中常用“被”、“给”、“由”、“受”等词用来表示英语用：助动词be+及物动词的过去分词构成。

2021/5/92Readtext-2

Whencanweusethepassivevoice?不知道动作的执行者是谁，或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。

Mybikewasstolenlastnight.

昨晚我的自行车被偷了。Lettersarecollectedateighteverymorning.

信件每天早晨八点收取。ThedeskwasmadebyMasterWang.

这张课桌是王师傅做的。

Thebagwastakenawaybyhissister.

那个包是她姐姐提走的。2.为了强调或突出动作的承受者时。2021/5/93

1.

We

clean

theclassroomeveryday.

Theclassroom

iscleanedbyuseveryday.

2.

They

make

shoesinthatfactory.

Shoesaremadeby

theminthatfactory.

3.People

planttreesinSpring.

Trees

areplantedby

peopleinSpring.

4.Hismotherusuallywashes

dishesafterdinner.

Dishesareusuallywashedby

hismotherafterdinner.5.Moreandmorepeople

speak

Chineseintheworld.

Chinese

isspokenby

moreandmorepeopleintheworld.2021/5/94二、被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化

主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以give为例，列表如下：一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时：

一般过去将来时：

现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时：

过去完成时:

将来完成时：

过去将来完成时：

am/is/are+donewas/were+done

shall/will+bedone(is/aregoingtobedone)should/would+bedone

am/is/are+being+done

was/were+being+done

have/has+been+done

had+been+done

shall/will+havebeen+done

should/would+havebeen+done

2021/5/95三、常见时态中的被动语态1.一般现在时：

(1)Peoplegrowriceinthesouthofthecountry.

Riceisgrowninthesouthofthecountry.

(2)Theschooldoesn'tallowustoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.

Wearenotallowedtoenterthelibrarywithoutateacher.2021/5/962.一般过去时：

(1)Mycousinboughtabookyesterday.

Thebookwasboughtbymycousinyesterday.(2)Shedesignedthefashionclothes.

Thefashionclothesweredesignedbyher.(3)Theydidn’tspeakEnglishafterclassEnglishwasn’tspokenbythemafterclass.2021/5/973.一般将来时：

(1)Herparentswillsendherabroad.

Shewillbesentabroadbyherparents.(2)Wearegoingtoholdasportsmeetingtomorrow.

Asportsmeeting

isgoingtobehold

tomorrow.2021/5/984.现在进行时：

(1)Theyaredoingtheirhomeworkonthecomputernow.

Theirhomeworkisbeingdoneonthecomputernow.(2)Wearepaintingtherooms.

Theroomsarebeingpaintedbyus.2021/5/995.过去进行时：

(1)Theworkersweremendingtheroadat7yesterday.

Theroadwasbeingmendedat7yesterday.(2)Thistimelastyearwewereplantingtreeshere.

Treeswerebeingplantedherethistimelastyear.

2021/5/9106.现在完成时：

(1)Someonehastoldmethesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.

Ihavebeentoldthesportsmeetingmightbeputoff.(2)Hehasbroughthisbookhere.

Hisbookhasbeenbrought

here.2021/5/911四、含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。

(1)Youmusthandinyourarticlesafterclass.

Yourarticlesmustbehandedinafterclass.(2)Hecanwritemanyletterswiththecomputer.

Manyletterscanbewrittenwiththecomputerbyhim.2021/5/912

将下列主动语态转换成被动语态：1.HasPeteransweredallthequestions?HaveallthequestionsbeenansweredbyPeter?2.Theyhavefoundwaystoreducethepollution.

Wayshavebeenfoundtoreducethepollution.3.Someonemusttakecareofthechildrenwhenwegoout.Thechildrenmustbetakencareofwhenwegoout.2021/5/9134.Tomisrepairinghisbicyclenow.

HisbicycleisbeingrepairedbyTomnow.5.Theywon’tholdthemeetinguntilnextFriday.

Themeetingwon’tbehelduntilnextFriday.2021/5/914将下列被动语态转换成主动语态：1.Yourworkshouldbedoneinanhour.

Youshoulddoyourworkinanhour.2.ThejobhasbeenfinishedbyAmy.

Amyhasfinishedthejob.3.AmodelplaneisbeingmadebyJerry.

Jerryismakingamodelplane.2021/5/9154.Theproblemshallbediscussedattomorrow’smeeting.

Weshalldiscusstheproblemattomorrow’smeeting.5.Thelettermaybewrittenwithapencil.

Youmaywritetheletterwithapencil.6.Wasthesnowbeingremovedbytheseworkersat8yesterdaymorning.

Weretheworkersremovingthesnowat8yesterdaymorning?2021/5/9161).不及物动词(或者词组)没有被动语态。

如：belongto,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,die,arrive,等。

*Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthiscity.

*Thatbikedoesn’tbelongtoMike.

五、不用被动语态的几种情况：2021/5/917不用被动语态的几种情况：2)表示静态的及物动词不用被动语态have/fit/ownIhaveaTVset.Thecoatfitsmewell.【正】Lookattheblackboard，please．【误】Theblackboardislookedatbyyou．3）祈使句一般没有被动语态。2021/5/9184)反身代词在句中作宾语时，不能用被动语态。【正】Youmustlookafteryourself．【误】Yourselfmustbelookedafter

2021/5/919不用被动语态的几种情况：主动形式表被动意义①感官系动词没有被动语态feel，look,seem,taste,sound,smell等这鱼味道很好。Thefish

tastes

good.这条围巾摸上去很软。Thescarf

feels

soft.2021/5/920这书很好卖。这种布很好洗。Thebook

sells

well.Thiskindofcloth

washesverywell.这书卖完了。Thebook

issold

out.

②有些动词既是及物又是不及物动词，用作不及物动词时和well,badly,easily等副词连用，表示主语内在品质或性能。如：write,grow,print,sell,wash等2021/5/921Thehouseneeds

cleaning.房子需要打扫了。Thehouseneedsto

becleaned.

③在need,want,等少数表示“需要”的动词2021/5/922六、几种值得注意的被动语态变化．１带复合宾语的被动语态结构．（１）makesb.dosth.

sb.bemadetodosth.MrGreen

made

Jim

do

hishomeworkathome.Jim

wasmadetodo

hishomework

byMrGreen

athome.watchlethavehearseenotice2021/5/923(2)seesb.doingsth.sb.beseendoingsth.Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.hear/watch/….2021/5/924（3）Weoftenhear

themsingthissong.Theyareoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).Thissong

isoftenheard(byus)tobesung(bythem).2021/5/925Bob

sent

Kate

aletterlastyear.=Kate

wassent

aletter

byBoblastyear.=Aletter

wassent

toKate

byBoblastyear.tellaskbringwriteshowgiveteachpasslend…to2.双宾语结构的被动语态2021/5/926Mummademeanewdress.Iwasmade

anewdressbyMum.Anewdress

wasmade

for

mebyMum.makebuydrawsingget…for2021/5/9271.Iwasgivenabookbyhim.He

gave

me

abook.(变被动）主语谓语间宾直宾2.Abookwasgiventomebyhim.2021/5/928Mymother

bought

me

abirthdaycake.

主语谓语间宾直宾1.Iwasboughtabirthdaycakebymymother.2.Abirthdaycakewasbought

forme

bymymother.2021/5/929Theysaid

thathewouldcomebacksoon.Itwassaid

thathewouldcomebacksoon.3.Itisreported/据报道

believed/人们相信

hoped/人们希望

saidthat据说……4.WholockedthedoorlastWednesday?Bywhom

wasthedoorlockedlastWednesday?2021/5/9301.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives____________forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_____________twiceamonth.areusedarecleaned(变被动语态）2021/5/9313.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor.________________________onthe

floor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_____________toreturnthebook

intime.Theticketwasfoundwastold3.Wefoundtheticketonthefloor.2021/5/9325.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He___________________________onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers___________________tohelpthem.wasmadetohavecanbeused2021/5/9337.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?___________________________atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_______ourwork_____________today?WeremanytreesplantedMustbefinished2021/5/9349.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)____________________somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_____________________________.weweregivenweregiventous2021/5/93510.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_______________toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_______________bywomeninthisfactory.wasaskedisdone2021/5/93612.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike___________________intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine______________________threetimesaday.canbemendedmustbetaken2021/5/93714.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_______________bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?______thisquestionoften_______about______________?isstudiedIstalkedbythem2021/5/938wasn’tinvitedaresoldbedonehavetakenwasbuiltbetaken1.--Whydidn’tyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?--Oh.I______________(notinvite)

2.--Whatdoyouwant,sir?--Couldyoutellmeifcomputers___________(sell)inthisshop.

3.--Alotofthingsshould_________(do)toprotecttheenvironment.--Iagreewithyou..4.Greatchanges____________(take)placeinmyhometownsince1990.5.--When______thebridge______(build)?Doyouknow?--Twoyearsago.6.

CanItakethemagazineoutofthereadingroom?SorryMagazinesofthiskindcan’t_________(take)out.2021/5/939

1.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing，people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner．

A．arenotkept；willhaveto

B．arenotkept；have

C．donotkeep；willhaveto

D．donotkeep；haveto

2.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,____now.

A.developedB.havedeveloped

C.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped

3.____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff．

Yes，italldependsontheweather．

A．I'vebeentold

B．I'vetold

C．I'mtold

D．Itold

ACA2021/5/9404.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.

A.hascompleted

B.completes

C.hasbeencompleted

D.iscompleted

5.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.

A.cut

B.arecut

C.arebeingcut

D.hadbeencut

6.Thenewbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.

A.hasbeendesigned

B.hadbeendesigned

C.wasdesigned

D.wouldbedesigned

DCB2021/5/9417.Greatchanges___inthecity,andalotoffactories___.

A.havebeentakenplace;havebeensetup

B.havetakenplace;havebeensetup

C.havetakenplace;havesetup

D.weretakenplace;weresetup

8.Thatsuit__over60dollars.

A.hadcosted

B.costedC.iscostedD.cost

9.Look!Everythinghereisunderconstruction.

What’sthepretty