新编英语教程5Unit2Beware-the-Dirty-Seas-课件

Unit2BewaretheDirtySeasMediterraneanSeaMediterraneanSeaTheMediterraneanSeaisapartoftheAtlanticOceanalmostcompletelyenclosedbyland:onthenorthbyEurope,onthesouthbyAfrica,andontheeastbyAsia.Itcoversanapproximateareaof2.5million

km²(965000mi²),butitsconnectiontotheAtlantic(theStraitofGibraltar)isonly14km(9mi)wide.Inoceanography,itissometimescalledtheEurafricanMediterraneanSeaortheEuropeanMediterraneanSea,todistinguishitfromMediterraneanseaselsewhere.Itwasasuperhighwayoftransportinancienttimes,allowingfortradeandculturalexchangebetweenemergentpeoplesoftheregion—theMesopotamian,Egyptian,Semitic,Persian,Phoenician,Carthaginian,GreekandRomancultures.ThehistoryoftheMediterraneanisimportantinunderstandingtheoriginanddevelopmentofWesternCivilization.WaterpollutionWaterpollutionisamajorelementofenvironmentalpollution.Itincludestheaccumulationinoceans,lakes,rivers,andstreamsofphysical,chemical,andbiologicalsubstancesthatareeitherdirectlyharmfultolifeorthathavedangerousorharmfulsecondaryandlong-rangeeffects.Theprincipalsourcesofwaterpollutionaresewage,industrialwaste,garbageandrefuse,andagriculturalfertilizers,pesticides,andweedkillers.Thetwochiefreasonsforthecontaminationandexacerbation(恶化)oftheproblemareindustrializationandurbanization.Industrialwastesincludedissolvedminerals,toxicchemicals,andsediments.Modernindustrialprocesseshavepollutedwaterwithcertainmetals,suchasleadandmercury,whileagriculturalpracticesdosowithavarietyofpesticides.beware(intheimperativeandinfiniteonly):beonguard,takecareBewareofthedog!Bewareisusedwithnochangeofform，ingivingwarnings．Itisgenerallyusedintheimperative．Examples：

Beware(of)thefakeproductsthatfloodthemarket．

Bewarehowyouhandlethedelicatesituation．

Wehavetobewarethatnoonebacksoutatthelastminute．

Paragraph1holidaymaker:someonewhotravelsforpleasure

Paragraph1bedrawnto:beattractedtosth.被...所吸引Synonyms:beappealedto;becharmedwith;befascinatedwith/byParagraph1holidaydestination:holidayresort

Paragraph1waters:thewaterofthestatedrivers,lakes,etc.E.g.:theupperwatersoftheThames泰晤士河上游

South-ChinaSeawaters中国南海海域

internationalwaters国际海域Paragraph1sluice:topourasiffromasluice,i.e.,aman-madepassageforwaterfittedwithagateforstoppingandregulatingtheflow;achannelcontrollingwaterflown.水闸；（用水闸控制的）水；有闸人工水道；漂洗处vt.冲洗；（指水）喷涌而出；漂净；给…安装水闸Paragraph2sewage:wastemattercarriedawayinsewersordrains

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nurture:furtherthedevelopmentof;carefor

Nurturemeaning“carefororprotect”isoftenusedwithchildrenorplant，e.g.nurtureachild，nurtureplantsinagreenhouse．Wemayalsonurtureaplan，someideas，aproject，etc．，meaning“takeactionto

encouragethedevelopmentofaplan．etc．”Thetreegrowswellinhisnurture.Parentswanttoknowthebestwaytonurtureandraisetheirchildtoadulthood...父母希望知道养育孩子长大成人的最佳方法。Paragraph3

gravely:badly;inagraveandsobermanner;toasevereorseriousdegree

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fallvictimto:sufferfromE.g.:fallvictimtoadisease/anexplosion/one’sownavariceParagraph3

evolve:developgradually(byalongcontinuousprocess)vt.使发展；使进化；设计，制订出；发出，散发vi.发展；workout;synonym：germinate，developundergodevelopmentorevolution;Modernmanevolvedalongtimeago.Paragraph3

stifle:v.to(causeto)beunabletobreathecomfortably,esp.becauseofheatandlackoffreshair（使）窒息；抑制E.g.bestifledwithsmoke被烟熏得透不过气来

stiflepoliticalfreedom扼杀政治自由

Shortagesofbasicmaterialsstifledeconomicgrowth.基本原料的匮乏抑制了经济发展。

stifleone’slaughter(yawn,sobs)忍住笑（呵欠，抽泣）

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inhabit:liveWildtribesstillinhabitpartofthePhilippines.菲律宾部分地区仍然居住着一些原始部落。Thoughtsinhabithismind.各种思想占据了他的心灵。

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typhoid:伤寒paratyphoid:副伤寒dysentery:痢疾polio:脊髓灰质炎viralhepatitis:病毒性肝炎cholera:霍乱Paragraph4endemic:(especiallyofadisease)foundregularlyinaparticularplace地方性的E.g.:ThisisaproblemendemictotheWesternworld.这是西方世界普遍存在的一个问题。

anendemicspecies特有物种

endemicfolkways当地风俗Paragraph5litany:repetition.Theliteralmeaningisaprayerconsistingofaseriesofinvocationsandsupplicationsbytheleaderwithresponsesbythecongregation.应答连祷

Here,litanyisusedinitstransferredmeaning,referringtothefrequentoutbreaksofdisease.E.g.:commitalitanyofcrimes犯一系列的罪themournfullitanyofdisease:thedeplorable/appalling/dreadfulrepetitiveoccurrencesofdiseaseParagraph5straightoff:withoutdelayorhesitation;withnotimeinterveningItoldherright/straightoffwhatIthoughtofher.我把我对她的看法直截了当地告诉了她。JusttellmewhatitisandI'llconfessstraightoff.你只用告诉我是什么，我都马上招供。Paragraph7flush:pour;floodwithwatertocleanoutE.g.:flushatoilet(lavatory)抽水冲洗马桶（厕所）

Iwasrecommendedfruitjuicestoflushnicotineoutofthebody.我得到劝告，应多喝果汁以从体内排除尼古丁。

Paragraph8areawashwithbacteria:havealargeamountofbacteriaAwashinitsliteralsensemeans“becoveredinwater”.E.g.:Afteraheavyrain,thestreetswereawash.rocksawashathightide涨潮时被淹没的岩石

Theship’sdeckwasawash.船上的甲板被浪潮冲打。Awashwithisusedfiguratively,meaning“havingalargeamountofsomething,”asusedinthissentence.Buttheytoldmethestreetwasawashwithblood.但他们告诉我，大街被鲜血淹没。Paragraph8aoneinsevenchanceof:thepossibilityofgettingsomesortofdiseaseonceoutsevenvisitstotheMediterraneanchance:thepossibilityordegreeoflikelihoodthatsomethingwillhappene.g.:Danhasafifty-fiftychanceofpassingtheexamination.Paragraph8atrisk:beindangerSynonyms:ontheline,atstakeRelatedphrases:runarisk冒险

attheriskof冒…的危险；

atanyrisk不顾一切地Paragraph9lurk:toexistunseen潜伏；潜藏E.g.:Asnakewaslurkinginthegrass.一条蛇正潜伏在草丛中。Seductive:adj.attractive诱人的,有魅力的vt.seduce引诱，怂恿Synonyms:attractive;catchinge.g.Itisaseductivetheory这是个引人注目的理论。

aseductivehighofferofhigherpay具有吸引力的高薪Paragraph9prime:chief;firstinpositionorimportance.e.g.:Honestyisamatterofprimeimportance.Paragraph10filthy:adj.verydirtyandunpleasant肮脏的；污秽的；猥亵的e.g.filthylucre不义之财

filthyrich满身铜臭

Iloathethefilthynatives.我厌恶这些肮脏的土人Paragraph11cluster:gathern.丛；簇，串；群；vi.丛生；群聚vt.使密集，使聚集Aclusteroftouristswassurroundedinthehill.一群游客被困在了山中。Thepassengersclusteredtogetherinsmallgroups...乘客们三五成群聚在一起。Paragraph12foul:v.makesth.dirty弄脏，污染e.g.Thedogfoulsthecourtyard.foulsomethingup弄乱某物

adj.1.havingabadsmellortastee.g.foulair/breath污浊难闻的空气Paragraph12effluent:n.[C](atypeof)liquidwasteflowsoutfromafactory,ect.废水，污水，排泄物e.g.receivetheeffluent回收废水；

effluenttreatment废水处理

Dangerouseffluentfromsomechemicalplantsisbeingpouredintotheriverthroughthetown.Paragraph13washingdown:v.冲洗，冲掉，咽下，吞下Synonyms:swallowdown咽下;getsomethingdown吞下e.g.Hewashedthecardownwithahose.他用水管冲洗汽车。Paragraph14nourish:togiveapersonorotherlivingthingthefoodandothersubstancestheyneedinordertolive,grow,andstayhealthy:ThecreamcontainsvitaminAtonourishtheskin.awellnourishedbaby（formal）tokeepafeeling,idea,orbeliefstrongorhelpittogrowstronger:Weneedtonourishourhopesanddreams.Paragraph14plankton:verysmallformsofplantandanimallifethatinabodyofwater

Paragraph14slime

n.Uanyunpleasantthickliquidsubstance污浊的泥浆，令人不愉快的粘液e.g.coalslime

煤泥

slimewater

泥浆水

Theirskinproducesaslimethathelpstokeepitmoist.

它们的皮肤产生一种粘液，帮助保持皮肤润湿。Paragra