杜甫草堂英语导游词

杜甫草堂英语导游词DuFu(712~770)ThatchedCottageusedtobetheformerhomeofDuFu,oneofthegreatestpoetsintheTangDynasty.LocatedinthewesternsuburbsofChengdu,thespotismarkedbyastream,ancientstylearchitecture,pavilionpagodasandage-oldtrees.

Thecottageconsistsofsiximportantparts,TheyaretheFrontGate,theLobby,theHallofpoemHistory,theWaterPavilion,theGongbuShrineandtheThatchedCottage.

AtthetimeoftheTangDynasty,DuFuspoetryfirstcametoberecognized.ReadersofmanydifferentperiodshaveconsideredDuFutobethegreatestpoetoftheChinesetradition.Suchgeneralagreementcanpartiallybeexplainedbytheimmensevarietyofhiswork,whichholdsupquitewelltodifferenttastesandhistoricalchangesinfashion.LikeShakespeareinEnglishtradition,DuFuspoetrycametobesodeeplyboundupwiththeconstitutionofliteraryvaluethatgenerationaftergenerationofpoetsandcriticsrediscoveredthemselvesandtheirinterestsinsomeaspectofthepoet

ChinesecriticsfromtheSongDynastyreferredtoDuFuasthepoet-historian.BothbeforeandaftertheAnLushanRevolt,DuFuwitnessedatypicalpoliticalandsocialsituation;thecommonpeoplestilllivedinpovertywhiletheemperorandhistopofficialsenjoyedafoolishlyluxuriouslife.HecomposedmanypoemssuchasSongoftheWarChariots,ThreeOfficials，andThreeDepartures。Hispoemsexpressedhisdissatisfactionwiththegovernmentandhisgreatpityforthecommonpeople.DuFuusedhispoemstocommentoncurrenteventsandhistoricalimages.DuFubecamethehistorianbycreatinghisresponsestoparticularsituations.

DuFuwastalented.Whenhewasyoung,hewantedtogetagoodjobinthegovernment.UnfortunatelyDuFuwasrefusedseveraltimes.HewasinhisfiftieswhenhebegantoserveasaminorofficialinChangan(Xian).Gongbuwashisofficialtitleandprobablyhewasinchargeofthelicalindustry.

DuFuwasnotaskilledsurvivoringovernmentpolitics.HewasdismissedintheformofatransfertothepostofpersonneladministratorinHuazhouandsoleftChangan.DuFusoongaveupthisminorpostindisgustandsetoffwithhisfamilytoQinzhouintheNorthwest.Afterashortstayhemovedonagainandin759hearrivedinChengdu.Hesetupamodestcottagewithsomemoneyheborrowedfromhisfriendwhoservedasalocalgovernor.Inthecottagehehadasimpleandpeacefullifeforthreeyears,writingabout240porms.Mostlyinspiredbythecottage,thestreamnearbyandthesceneryinChengdu.ThesepoemsgivetheimpressionthathewashappierinChengduthananyothertimeinhislife.Thepoemsofthisperiodsoundrelaxedandhappy.Herearesomeofthem.

InChengdutheflutesandthestrings

Youhearthemsoloudeveninthedaytime

Themelodyfadesintheriverwind

Andhalfinthetoweringcloudsaboveus

Ohitshouldneverbeplayedhere

Itbelongstotheemperorshraven

Wethankyouforwhatisnotours

Buttheemperorwillbehearingitalso

Twoyelloworiolessinginthetensergreenwillow

Alineofheronscrossesthebluesky

Whenyouopenthewest-facingwindow

Thesnowisframedinthesummitofthemountain

AndtheshipsthatwillsaileastforDongWu

Theylieatanchorinthesun-filleddoorway

Agoodrainknowsitsseason

Itbringsthinstoliferightinspring

Itentersthenight,unseenwiththebreeze

Itmoistensthingsgentlyandwithoutsound

DuFuleftChrngduafter762andwanderedinthesouthernprovincesandeventuallydiedofillnessin770.Afterhisdeath,thepeopleifChrngdubuiltashrineonthesiteofhisgardentohonorhim.Sincethen,itbrcamethecustomtovisitontheseventhdayofthelunarmonth(aroundthemiddleofFebruary).Anancientcoupletstillhangsonthetopofthefrontdoor.Itreads:锦江春风公占却，草堂人日我归来。ItwaswrittenbyascholaroftheQingDynasty,whosenamewasHeShaoji.ThecoupletmeansthatDuFuownedtheJingjiangriverandthespringbreeze;ontheseventhdayofthefirstlunarmonthdidIcometovisithiscottage.Theoriginalcottagenolongerexistsandthebuildingswithinthecottagecompound.Southwestofthecity,havebeenrepairedandaddedtothirteentimessincetheeighthcentury.TheGongbuShrineisatthecenterofthesiximportantsitesinthecottagecompoundItisasmallhallintheeasternsectionofthegrounds,dedicatedtothememoryofDuFu.Itcontainsastatueofdufuflankedbyghoseoftwootherpoets;HuangTingjian(1045-1105)ontherightandLuYou(1125-1210)ontheleft.TheseetwopoetswerebothfromtheSongDynastyandoccupiedanimportantplaceinthetraditionalChineseliteraturehistory.HuangTingjian,fromXiuShuiinwhichaffectedhisofficialposts.Laterwhenhisoppositionpartywasinpower,hewasdismissedfromhismajorofficialpostandbanishedtoYizhou.HuangwasoneofthefollowersofSuShi.HesincerelystudiedDuFuspoetryandintentionallycarduringtheearlysongDynasty.LuYou,fromShaoxinginZhejiangheldasuccessionofmionorofficialpostsbutwasunabletoaffectanyofthepoliticalreformsheadvocated.Im1172,hebegantoserveinthearmyontheSichuan-Shaanxiborder.Itisknownthatsometimelaterhewasdismissedfromapostimjiangxifordistributinggovernmentgraintorelievefamine.LuYouwasaprolificpoetandmorethanninethousandpoemshavesurvived.BothHuangtingjianandLuYouarenotedfortheirardentpatriotism.Herearesomeoftheirpoems:

Lookingallround,afinesightofhillsandwatersIfound:

LeaningontheTowerrailing,Icouldenjoywhatwassweet:

Thefragranceofwaterchestnutsandlotusstretchingfar

Thesoftbreezeandbrightmoonwhichwereboth

Freeandmadetowercool;

(Huangtingjian,Tr,GuoZhuzhang)

Erecthedgeandimplantfencetoshieldandsustainthesenewbamboo,

Theyaremeticulouslycultivatedandtheirdarkgreencolorisreflectedinripples.

Theblowingofthecoolbreezetellstheearlycomingofautumn,

AndIamnotawareoftheblazingsunintheskyatsuchhighnoon.

Iheartherustlingsoundwhenthesheathissheddingfromthesprouts.

Andseethedenseflutteringshadowsofthesenewlygrownyoungbamboos.

OnceIretirefrommyposition,herewillbetheplacetowhichIoftencome,

Andcarrywithmealongapillowandamatthataremadeofbamboo.

(LuYou,Tr.CuiWenkai)

InthetraditionalChineseliteraturehistory,therewerethousandsofpoets,WhywerethesetwopoetsselectedtoaccompanyDuFu?therearethreereasons:Firstly,theymadegreartachievementsinstudyingDuFuspoetry.Secondly,theyusedtoliveinSichuan,andenjoyedtheirstay,thirdly,DuFUsstatuemighthavebeenlonelyinthegongbuShrinewithoutanyaccompaniment.sowhenpeopleplacedthestatuestogether,theyghoughtthatthethreepoetsmighthavetimetotalkabouttheirpoetry.theShrineoftheThreeSagesisnamedfromtheabove-mentionedstory.

InsidetheshrinearetwovaluablestonetabletsfromtheQingDynasty,onwhichthewholepictureofthethatchedCottagehasbeenengraved.thetabletsshowusthedesignanddevelopmentofthecottagedatedbacetotheQingDynasty.Alsoanothertwostonetabletsareintheshrine,whichtellthestoryabouttherefurbishmen