四川省2023年普通高等学校高职教育单独招生文化考试（普高类）英语试题（含答案解析）

四川省2023年普通高等学校高职教育单独招生文化考试(普高类)英语第Ⅰ卷(共70分)一、单项填空：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，1.—Thankyouverymuchforthewonderfulnight.—________.A.Nevermind B.Mypleasure C.Nowonder D.Seeyou2.Theirhousewasbroken________andsomevaluableswerestolen.A.down B.into C.out D.away3.Shetriesto________thelatestfashionsbygoingtolotsofshowsinShanghai.A.keepupwith B.keepinwith C.keepoutof D.keepawayfrom4.Joycealwayskeepsmedicineonthetopshelf,outofthekids’________.A.touch B.mind C.reach D.control5.TheOlympicGames,_______in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.Afirstplayed B.tobefirstplayed C.firstplaying D.tobefirstplaying6.Thebuildingwhich________willbethehighestoneinChongqing.A.isbuilding B.hasbeenbuilt C.willbuild D.isbeingbuilt7.WeallagreethatDonaldisaniceguy________.A.towork B.working C.toworkwith D.workingwith8.Don’thesitatetoaskforhelp________itisneeded.A.unless B.since C.although D.when9.AliceboughtanancientChinesepotatalocalmarket,________wasveryreasonable.A.whichprice B.thepriceofwhich C.thatprice D.thepriceofthat10.________happenedaftersheleftthehouseisunknown.A.How B.Where C.That D.What二、语言应用：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C三个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。PartA11.What’sthepurposeofthesign?A.Todirect. B.Towarn. C.Tofrighten.12.Ifyoufeelthirsty,youcangoto________.A.thesecondfloor B.thefirstfloor C.thegroundfloor13.Whatdoesthesigntellus?A.Nopetsareallowedinthiszone.B.Youcannotwalkinfrontofyourpetdog.C.It’sagainstthelawnottocleanyourpet’swaste.14.HowmuchisitforaNestleTollHouseSandwichandaHaagenDazs?A.$11. B.$10.25. C.$9.5.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbetakenintothepark?A.Dogs. B.Fireworks. C.Glassbottles.16.Thenoticetellsyouthat________.A.youcanenterthePlaygroundtolookafteryourkidsB.you’rewelcometothePlaygroundunlessyou’reeighteenC.youcanplaybadmintonwithyourfriendonthePlayground17.Whomdoesthesignremind?A.Children. B.Parents. C.Carts.PartB18.Wherecanyoumostprobablyseethis?AInanaturepark. B.Inazoo. C.Inamuseum.19.You’readvised________.AnottowatchthebirdsB.nottofeedthebirdsC.nottobitethebirds20.Whatdoyouknowfromthenotice?A.Thebirdsmighthurtyou.B.Feedinggrapescanmakethebirdsill.CYoumayfeedthebirdswithsmallbread.三、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。AIt’sfarfromeasyforpeopletorunjustonemarathon.Theyusuallyneedmonthsoftrainingtogetintoshapetolastthe42.195-kmdistance.However,marathonsarenoproblemforAustralianrunnerErchanaMurray-Bartlett.Murray-Bartlettran150ofthem—everydayfor150days.The32-year-oldwomanran6,329kilometresfromQueensland,atthetopofAustralia,toMelbourne,atthebottom.Herfive-monthcoast-to-coastrunsetanewworldrecord,themostconsecutive(连续不断的)dailymarathons.Shesmashedtheearlierrecordof106marathonsin106days.Asaprofessionalrunner,Murray-BartlettmissedoutongettingthechancetotakepartintheTokyoOlympics,soshesethersightsonarecord-establishingchallenge.Moreimportantly,byrunningacrossthecountry,shehopedtomakepeoplepaymoreattentiontothefactthatmanykindsofanimalsandplantsweredyingoutinAustralia.Finally,herrunraised$70,000fortheprotectionorganization,theWildernessSociety.Shesaiditwasterriblyhardfivemonths,butsheknewshecoulddoit.Shesaid,“EventhoughsometimesIwascoveredinsweatandflies,andeverythingached,Ithought,‘No,Icangoonemorekilometre’or,’No,Icango500moremetres’.Lotsoftinygoalsmeanyoucandoit.”21.Whatdoestheauthormainlytellusinparagraph1?A.Murray-BartlettisanAustraliansportswoman.B.It’sveryimportantforpeopletokeepinshape.C.Themarathoncoversadistanceof42.195kilometres.D.It’snotdifficultforMurray-Bartletttorunmarathons.22.WhatworldrecorddidMurray-Bartlettcreate?A.Sheran150dailymarathonsfor150days.B.Shefinishedamarathonintheshortesttime.C.Shewastheyoungesttocompleteamarathon.D.SheranfromthetoptothebottomofAustralia.23.Theunderlinedword“smashed”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A.kept B.broke C.reached D.followed24.WhydidMurray-Bartlettranherdailymarathons?A.Sheaimedtohelpprotectthewildlife. B.Shemeanttoraisemoneyforherself.C.ShehopedtocompeteintheOlympics. D.Shewantedtoestablishasocialorganization.25.Murray-Bartlettsucceededinsettingtheworldrecordmainlybecause________.A.shehadatinygoal B.shewasprofessionalC.shenevergaveup D.shewaskind-heartedBBreathinginairpollutioncouldchangeourbrain.Anewstudyshowsthatcarfumes(尾气)canchangehowourbrainiswired—howpartsofthebrainareconnected(连接)witheachother.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanadafoundthatcarfumescanchangeourbrain’sconnectivityinjusttwohours.ProfessorChrisCarlsten,wassurprisedatwhathefound.Hesaid,“Formanyyears,scientiststhoughtthebrainmightbeprotectedfromtheharmfuleffectsofairpollution.”Headded,“Thisstudy,whichisthefirstofitskindintheworld,supportsaconnectionbetweenairpollutionandthinking.”Thetrafficpollutionstudywason25adults.Theresearchersaskedtheadultstobreatheincarfumesinalaboratoryfortwohours.TheresearchteamgotimagesoftheirbrainsonacomputerbyX-rays.Theimagesshowedthatnetworksinthebrainthatweuseforthinkingandrememberingchanged.Therewerefewerconnectionsbetweenthenetworks.Anotherprofessorsaidtheresearchwasworrying.Shesaid,“It’sworryingtoseetrafficpollutiondisrupting(干扰)thesenetworks.”Theresearcherssaidthereneededtobemoreresearchtoseethewaycarfumeschangeourbrain.Theyalsoadvisedpeopletoclosecarwindowswhenintraffic.Thebrainsofthe25peoplereturnedtonormalaftertheybreathedcleanair.26.Scientistsusedtothinkthat________.A.carfumeswereharmfultoadults B.cleanairhelpedpeoplethinkclearlyC.airpollutionmightdonodamagetothebrain D.partsofthebrainwereconnectedwitheachother27.WhatisthefindingoftheresearchfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbia?A.It’simportantforpeopletoreduceairpollution.BIt’simpossibleforthebrainstoreturntonormal.C.Thebraincanbeprotectedfromtheeffectsofairpollution.D.Carfumesreducetheconnectionsbetweenbrainnetworks.28.Furtherresearchmaybedoneon________.A.howtomakefulluseofX-rays B.howcarfumeschangepeople’sbrainC.thecauseofairpollutionintheworld D.therelationshipbetweencarsandpollution29.Whatdidtheresearcherssuggest?A.Weshouldtrytokeeptheairclean. B.Weshouldrememberhowourbrainworks.C.Weshouldclosecarwindowswhendriving. D.Weshouldexaminetheimagesofourbrains.30.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Adictionary. C.Aposter. D.Anotice.第Ⅱ卷(共30分)四、翻译：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语。31.Easiersaidthandone.(英译汉)32.Doyouthinkyouarequalifiedforthisjob?（英译汉）33.It’sbadforhealthtobetooanxiousabouteverything.（英译汉）34.Thismedicinesellswell.Iuseditanditdidhelpalot.(英译汉)35.NowadaysthetransportationinChengduisveryconvenient.（英译汉）36.TheNationalLibraryofChinaislocatedinthewestofBeijing.（英译汉）37.Since“Yoga”canhelppeoplerelax,manyofficeladiesarefondofit.（英译汉）38.Thesong,YesterdayOnceMore,bringsbackhappymomentsofmychildhood.（英译汉）39.Checkeverythingbeforeyouputitinthedustbin,asmanyitemsarereusablethesedays.（英译汉）40.DuringtheChineseNewYear,peopleinsomeplaceswillbuyoranges,whichsymbolizegoodfortune.（英译汉）答案解析一、单项填空：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，1.—Thankyouverymuchforthewonderfulnight.—________.A.Nevermind B.Mypleasure C.Nowonder D.Seeyou【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——非常感谢你让我度过了美好的夜晚。——不客气。A项意为“没关系”；B项意为“不客气，很乐意效劳”；C项意为“难怪”；D项意为“再见”。根据题干中的“Thankyouverymuch”可知，对别人的感谢要回答说不客气。故选B。2.Theirhousewasbroken________andsomevaluableswerestolen.A.down B.into C.out D.away【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的房子被人闯入，一些贵重物品被盗了。breakdown出故障，坏掉；breakinto强行闯入；breakout爆发；breakaway脱离，逃脱。根据句中的“somevaluableswerestolen”可知，此处是说有盗贼强行闯入了他们的房子去偷窃。故选B。3.Shetriesto________thelatestfashionsbygoingtolotsofshowsinShanghai.A.keepupwith B.keepinwith C.keepoutof D.keepawayfrom【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她为了赶上最新的时尚潮流，去了上海的许多时装秀。A.keepupwith跟上，不落后；B.keepinwith不断讨好；C.keepoutof避开；D.keepawayfrom远离。根据后文“thelatestfashionsbygoingtolotsofshowsinShanghai”可知，指赶上最新的时尚潮流，故选A。4.Joycealwayskeepsmedicineonthetopshelf,outofthekids’________.A.touch B.mind C.reach D.control【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：乔伊斯总是把药放在架子最上面，孩子们够不着。A.outoftouch失去联系；B.outofmind心不在焉；C.outofreach够不着；D.outofcontrol失去控制。根据句意可知，此处为介词短语outofone'sreach“某人够不着”，满足句意要求。故选C项。5.TheOlympicGames,_______in776BC,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayed B.tobefirstplayed C.firstplaying D.tobefirstplaying【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：奥运会于公元前776年首次举行，直到1912年才有女子运动员参加。分析句子结构，此处是非谓语动词作定语，修饰TheOlympicGames，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，TheOlympicGames跟play之间是被动关系，而且是表示过去完成的动作，所以要用过去分词。故选A项。6.Thebuildingwhich________willbethehighestoneinChongqing.Aisbuilding B.hasbeenbuilt C.willbuild D.isbeingbuilt【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：正在建造的大楼将是重庆最高的大楼。分析句子可知，此处为which引导的限制性定语从句中谓语动词的填入，关系代词which指代先行词Thebuilding和从句谓语动词build为被动关系，结合句意可知，此处为表示“现在正在建造”为现在进行时，所以为现在进行时的被动语态结构。故选D项。7.WeallagreethatDonaldisaniceguy________.A.towork B.working C.toworkwith D.workingwith【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定搭配。句意：我们都认为唐纳德是一个可以共事的好人。分析句子结构，that引导一个宾语从句，从句的谓语为is，所以空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰aniceguy。根据句意，这里表示“和……共事”，应用固定搭配workwith，且workwith和逻辑主语aniceguy之间是动宾关系，所以应用不定式作后置定语，而不用现在分词。故选C。8.Don’thesitatetoaskforhelp________itisneeded.A.unless B.since C.although D.when【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：在需要帮助的时候，尽管来寻求帮助。分析句子结构可知，空处引导一个状语从句。A.unless除非，引导条件状语从句；B.since自从，因为，引导时间和原因状语从句；C.although尽管，引导让步状语从句；D.when当……时，引导时间状语从句。根据空前的“Don’thesitatetoaskforhelp”和空后的“itisneeded”可知，这里表示当需要帮助的时候，应用when引导时间状语从句。故选D。9.AliceboughtanancientChinesepotatalocalmarket,________wasveryreasonable.A.whichprice B.thepriceofwhich C.thatprice D.thepriceofthat【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：爱丽丝在当地市场买了一个中国古代花瓶，它的价格很合理。空处所在的句子为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词anancientChinesevase，从句缺主语，结合句意主语为花瓶的价格，表示“花瓶的价格”应是thepriceofthevase或者thevase’sprice，作介词的宾语，指物应用关系代词which；或者使用表示所属关系的关系代词whose作定语，修饰thevase，即thepriceofwhich或者whoseprice。故选B项。10.________happenedaftersheleftthehouseisunknown.A.How B.Where C.That D.What【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查连接代词。句意：她离开房子后发生了什么事不得而知。根据句意分析句子可知，________happenedaftersheleftthehouse是一个主语从句，该主语从句缺少主语，所以空格处应该填入一个连接代词引导主语从句，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连词代词what。故选D项。二、语言应用：本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分。从A、B、C三个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。PartA11.What’sthepurposeofthesign?A.Todirect. B.Towarn. C.Tofrighten.【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查细节理解。句意：这个标志的目的是什么？根据图片中的信息“watchforrocksinroadway”（注意道路上的岩石）可知，这个标志的目的是警告人们注意危险。故选B项。12.Ifyoufeelthirsty,youcangoto________.A.thesecondfloor B.thefirstfloor C.thegroundfloor【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查细节理解。句意：如果你渴了，你可以去一楼。图片为商场指示牌，根据英式英语groundfloor(一楼)下面的food&drink(饮食)可知，如果你口渴了，可以去一楼买到饮品，故选C。13.Whatdoesthesigntellus?A.Nopetsareallowedinthiszone.B.Youcannotwalkinfrontofyourpetdog.C.It’sagainstthelawnottocleanyourpet’swaste.【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：你的社区提醒你，“清理宠物的粪便不仅仅是一种礼貌。这是法律”。A.Nopetsareallowedinthiszone.宠物不得入内；B.Youcannotwalkinfrontofyourpetdog.你不能走在你的宠物狗前面；C.It’sagainstthelawnottocleanyourpet’swaste.不清理宠物的粪便是违法的。根据指示标志的内容可知，不清理宠物的粪便是违法的。故选C项。14.HowmuchisitforaNestleTollHouseSandwichandaHaagenDazs?A.$11. B.$10.25. C.$9.5.【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查细节理解。句意：一份NestleTollHouseSandwich和一个HaagenDazs多少钱？根据图片中的NestleTollHouseSandwich的价格$4.75以及HaagenDazs的价格$4.75可知，这两者在一起的价格应为$9.5。故选C项。15.Whichofthefollowingcanbetakenintothepark?A.Dogs. B.Fireworks. C.Glassbottles.【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查细节理解。句意：下面哪个不能被带进公园？A.Dogs狗；B.Fireworks烟火；C.Glassbottles玻璃瓶。图片是有关公园的一些规定，第一行“NoGlassContainers(不能带玻璃容器)”可知，C项“玻璃瓶”不能带入；最后一行“NoFireworks(不能带烟火)”可知，B项“烟火”不能带入；根据图中“PetsMustBeonLeash(宠物必须用皮带拴着)”可知，狗可以被带进公园，故选A。16.Thenoticetellsyouthat________.A.youcanenterthePlaygroundtolookafteryourkidsB.you’rewelcometothePlaygroundunlessyou’reeighteenC.youcanplaybadmintonwithyourfriendonthePlayground【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：这个通知告诉你可以进入游乐场照顾你的孩子。A.youcanenterthePlaygroundtolookafteryourkids你可以进入游乐场照顾你的孩子；B.you’rewelcometothePlaygroundunlessyou’reeighteen欢迎你来游乐场，除非你是18岁；C.youcanplaybadmintonwithyourfriendonthePlayground你可以和你的朋友在操场上打羽毛球。根据通知中的“Adultsnotallowedunlesssupervisingchildren.(成人不得入内，监护儿童除外)”可知，成年人可以进场照顾孩子；根据通知中“Onlytobeusedbychildrenupto14yearsold.(仅限14岁以下儿童使用)”可知，游乐场仅限14岁以下儿童进入，故B项表达错误；根据通知中“NOBALLGAMESALLOWED(禁止球类游戏)”可知，游乐场内禁止球类游戏，故C项表达错误。故选A。17.Whomdoesthesignremind?A.Children. B.Parents. C.Carts.【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查推理判断。句意：这个标志提醒谁？根据图片中的信息“Don’tputyourchildreninthecartsoronthetable.”（不要把你的孩子放在手推车里或桌子上。）可知，这个标志提醒的是孩子的父母们。故选B项。PartB18.Wherecanyoumostprobablyseethis?A.Inanaturepark. B.Inazoo. C.Inamuseum.19.You’readvised________.A.nottowatchthebirdsB.nottofeedthebirdsC.nottobitethebirds20.Whatdoyouknowfromthenotice?A.Thebirdsmighthurtyou.B.Feedinggrapescanmakethebirdsill.C.Youmayfeedthebirdswithsmallbread.【答案】18.A19.B20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文，是一则通知。主要介绍了喂鸟的一些注意事项以及自身的安全提示。【18题详解】推理判断题。根据图片中的“Wildlifeisbestlefttofinditsownfood.”（最好让野生动物自己寻找食物。）和“Excessivefeedingandwrongfoodscanbeharmfultobirdsandmayattractothervermin.”（过度喂食和错误的食物会对鸟类有害，并可能吸引其他害虫。）可知，这则通知主要讲的是关于鸟类喂养的事情，故可推知你最可能在自然公园看到这个标志。故选A项。【19题详解】细节理解题。根据图片中的“Wildlifeisbestlefttofinditsownfood.”（最好让野生动物自己寻找食物。）和“Excessivefeedingandwrongfoodscanbeharmfultobirdsandmayattractothervermin.”（过度喂食和错误的食物会对鸟类有害，并可能吸引其他害虫。）可知，建议你不要喂鸟。故选B项。【20题详解】细节理解题。根据图片中的“Pleasebeawarethatbirdsarewildanimalsandcouldbite.”（请注意，鸟类是野生动物，会咬人。）可知，从通知上我们可以知道鸟可能会伤害到你。故选A项。三、阅读理解：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。阅读下列短文，从A、B、C、D四个备选项中，选出最佳选项。错选、多选或未选均无分。AIt’sfarfromeasyforpeopletorunjustonemarathon.Theyusuallyneedmonthsoftrainingtogetintoshapetolastthe42.195-kmdistance.However,marathonsarenoproblemforAustralianrunnerErchanaMurray-Bartlett.Murray-Bartlettran150ofthem—everydayfor150days.The32-year-oldwomanran6,329kilometresfromQueensland,atthetopofAustralia,toMelbourne,atthebottom.Herfive-monthcoast-to-coastrunsetanewworldrecord,themostconsecutive(连续不断的)dailymarathons.Shesmashedtheearlierrecordof106marathonsin106days.Asaprofessionalrunner,Murray-BartlettmissedoutongettingthechancetotakepartintheTokyoOlympics,soshesethersightsonarecord-establishingchallenge.Moreimportantly,byrunningacrossthecountry,shehopedtomakepeoplepaymoreattentiontothefactthatmanykindsofanimalsandplantsweredyingoutinAustralia.Finally,herrunraised$70,000fortheprotectionorganization,theWildernessSociety.Shesaiditwasterriblyhardfivemonths,butsheknewshecoulddoit.Shesaid,“EventhoughsometimesIwascoveredinsweatandflies,andeverythingached,Ithought,‘No,Icangoonemorekilometre’or,’No,Icango500moremetres’.Lotsoftinygoalsmeanyoucandoit.”21.Whatdoestheauthormainlytellusinparagraph1?AMurray-BartlettisanAustraliansportswoman.BIt’sveryimportantforpeopletokeepinshape.C.Themarathoncoversadistanceof42.195kilometres.D.It’snotdifficultforMurray-Bartletttorunmarathons.22.WhatworldrecorddidMurray-Bartlettcreate?A.Sheran150dailymarathonsfor150days.B.Shefinishedamarathonintheshortesttime.C.Shewastheyoungesttocompleteamarathon.D.SheranfromthetoptothebottomofAustralia.23.Theunderlinedword“smashed”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto________.A.kept B.broke C.reached D.followed24.WhydidMurray-Bartlettranherdailymarathons?A.Sheaimedtohelpprotectthewildlife. B.Shemeanttoraisemoneyforherself.C.ShehopedtocompeteintheOlympics. D.Shewantedtoestablishasocialorganization.25.Murray-Bartlettsucceededinsettingtheworldrecordmainlybecause________.A.shehadatinygoal B.shewasprofessionalC.shenevergaveup D.shewaskind-hearted【答案】21.D22.A23.B24.A25.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了澳大利亚跑步运动员穆雷-巴特利特打破了每天连续跑马拉松的次数最多，即150天跑了150次马拉松的故事，以及穆雷-巴特利特通过跑遍全国，她希望让人们更多地关注这样一个事实，即许多种类的动物和植物正在澳大利亚灭绝。【21题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“It’sfarfromeasyforpeopletorunjustonemarathon.Theyusuallyneedmonthsoftrainingtogetintoshapetolastthe42.195-kmdistance.However,marathonsarenoproblemforAustralianrunnerErchanaMurray-Bartlett.”（对人们来说，只跑一场马拉松是很不容易的。他们通常需要几个月的训练才能达到42.195公里的距离。然而，马拉松对澳大利亚跑步运动员ErchanaMurray-Bartlett来说不是问题。）可知，作者在第一段主要告诉我们穆雷-巴特利特跑马拉松并不难。故选D项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Murray-Bartlettran150ofthem—everydayfor150days.The32-year-oldwomanran6,329kilometresfromQueensland,atthetopofAustralia,toMelbourne,atthebottom.Herfive-monthcoast-to-coastrunsetanewworldrecord,themostconsecutive(连续不断的)dailymarathons.”（穆雷-巴特利特跑了150场马拉松，持续了150天。这名32岁的女子从澳大利亚最顶端的昆士兰跑到最底部的墨尔本，全程6329公里。她为期五个月的从东海岸到西海岸的跑步创造了一项新的世界纪录——每天连续跑马拉松的次数最多。）可知，穆雷-巴特利特创造的世界纪录是连续150天跑了150次马拉松。故选A项。【23题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段中“Herfive-monthcoast-to-coastrunsetanewworldrecord”（她为期五个月的从东海岸到西海岸的跑步创造了新的世界纪录）以及划线单词句中的“theearlierrecordof106marathonsin106days.”（此前106天跑106场马拉松的纪录）故可猜测，划线单词smashed为“打破”的意思，结合选项B项broke“打破”意思一致。故选B项。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Moreimportantly,byrunningacrossthecountry,shehopedtomakepeoplepaymoreattentiontothefactthatmanykindsofanimalsandplantsweredyingoutinAustralia.Finally,herrunraised$70,000fortheprotectionorganization,theWildernessSociety.”（更重要的是，通过跑遍全国，她希望让人们更多地关注这样一个事实，即许多种类的动物和植物正在澳大利亚灭绝。最后，她的跑步为保护组织“荒野协会”筹集了7万美元。）可知，穆雷-巴特利特每天都跑马拉松是因为她的目标是帮助保护野生动物。故选A项。【25题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Shesaid,“EventhoughsometimesIwascoveredinsweatandflies,andeverythingached,Ithought,‘No,Icangoonemorekilometre’or,’No,Icango500moremetres’.Lotsoftinygoalsmeanyoucandoit.””（她说：“尽管有时我浑身是汗，浑身是苍蝇，浑身酸痛，但我想，‘不，我还能再跑一公里’，或者‘不，我还能再跑500米’。”很多小目标意味着你可以做到。”）可知，穆雷-巴特利特之所以能创造世界纪录，主要是因为她从不放弃。故选C项。BBreathinginairpollutioncouldchangeourbrain.Anewstudyshowsthatcarfumes(尾气)canchangehowourbrainiswired—howpartsofthebrainareconnected(连接)witheachother.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanadafoundthatcarfumescanchangeourbrain’sconnectivityinjusttwohours.ProfessorChrisCarlstenwassurprisedatwhathefound.Hesaid,“Formanyyears,scientiststhoughtthebrainmightbeprotectedfromtheharmfuleffectsofairpollution.”Headded,“Thisstudy,whichisthefirstofitskindintheworld,supportsaconnectionbetweenairpollutionandthinking.”Thetrafficpollutionstudywason25adults.Theresearchersaskedtheadultstobreatheincarfumesinalaboratoryfortwohours.TheresearchteamgotimagesoftheirbrainsonacomputerbyX-rays.Theimagesshowedthatnetworksinthebrainthatweuseforthinkingandrememberingchanged.Therewerefewerconnectionsbetweenthenetworks.Anotherprofessorsaidtheresearchwasworrying.Shesaid,“It’sworryingtoseetrafficpollutiondisrupting(干扰)thesenetworks.”Theresearcherssaidthereneededtobemoreresearchtoseethewaycarfumeschangeourbrain.Theyalsoadvisedpeopletoclosecarwindowswhenintraffic.Thebrainsofthe25peoplereturnedtonormalaftertheybreathedcleanair.26.Scientistsusedtothinkthat________.A.carfumeswereharmfultoadults B.cleanairhelpedpeoplethinkclearlyC.airpollutionmightdonodamagetothebrain D.partsofthebrainwereconnectedwitheachother27.WhatisthefindingoftheresearchfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbia?A.It’simportantforpeopletoreduceairpollution.B.It’simpossibleforthebrainstoreturntonormal.C.Thebraincanbeprotectedfromtheeffectsofairpollution.DCarfumesreducetheconnectionsbetweenbrainnetworks.28.Furtherresearchmaybedoneon________.A.howtomakefulluseofX-rays B.howcarfumeschangepeople’sbrainC.thecauseofairpollutionintheworld D.therelationshipbetweencarsandpollution29.Whatdidtheresearcherssuggest?A.Weshouldtrytokeeptheairclean. B.Weshouldrememberhowourbrainworks.C.Weshouldclosecarwindowswhendriving. D.Weshouldexaminetheimagesofourbrains.30.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Adictionary. C.Aposter. D.Anotice.【答案】26.C27.D28.B29.C30.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了吸入污染的空气会改变我们的大脑。文章还解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。【26题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ProfessorChrisCarlsten,wassurprisedatwhathefound.Hesaid,“Formanyyears,scientiststhoughtthebrainmightbeprotectedfromtheharmfuleffectsofairpollution.”(ChrisCarlsten教授对他的发现感到惊讶。他说：“多年来，科学家们认为大脑可以免受空气污染的有害影响。”)”可知，科学家过去认为空气污染可能不会对大脑造成损害。故选C。【27题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanadafoundthatcarfumescanchangeourbrain’sconnectivityinjusttwohours.(加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员发现，汽车尾气可以在短短两小时内改变我们大脑的连通性)”以及第二段“Theresearchersaskedtheadultstobreatheincarfumesinalaboratoryfortwohours.TheresearchteamgotimagesoftheirbrainsonacomputerbyX-rays.Theimagesshowedthatnetworksinthebrainthatweuseforthinkingandrememberingchanged.Therewerefewerconnectionsbetweenthenetworks.(研究人员让这些成年人在实验室里吸入汽车尾气两个小时。研究小组通过X射线在电脑上获得了他们的大脑图像。这些图像显示，我们大脑中用于思考和记忆的网络发生了变化。这些网络之间的连接更少)”可知，英属哥伦比亚大学的研究发现了汽车废气减少大脑网络之间的连接。故选D。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theresearcherssaidthereneededtobemoreresearchtoseethewaycarfumeschangeourbrain.(研究人员表示，还需要更多的研究来了解汽车尾气如何改变我们的大脑)”可知，关于汽车废气如何改变人的大脑，可能会有进一步的研究。故选B。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Theyalsoadvisedpeopletoclosecarwindowswhenintraffic.(他们还建议人们在交通堵塞时关上车窗)”可知，研究人员建议开车时我们应该关上车窗。故选C。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Breathinginairpollutioncouldchangeourbrain.Anewstudyshowsthatcarfumes(尾气)canchangehowourbrainiswired—howpartsofthebrainareconnected(连接)witheachother.ResearchersfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanadafoundthatcarfumescanchangeourbrain’sconnectivityinjusttwohours.(吸入污染的空气会改变我们的大脑。一项新的研究表明，汽车废气可以改变我们大脑的连接的方式——大脑各部分之间的连接方式。加拿大英属哥伦比亚大学的研究人员发现，汽车尾气可以在短短两小时内改变我们大脑的连通性)”并结合文章还解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。可推知，文章选自科学杂志。故选A。四、翻译：本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。请将下面的英语句子翻译成汉语。31.Easiersaidthandone.(英译汉)【答案】说时容易做时难。【解析】【详解】考查谚语。本句是一句谚语，可当作固定句型进行积累。“Easie