英语知识点归纳汇总

第 如：teacher,desks,tes,milk,box等，专有名词表示某一特定的人、事物、地方团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等的名称（运用）如：, ,Saturday,June,Green,Beijing,Olympic（专有名1可数名词是指表示人或事物可以用数来计量的名词有单复数之分如glass----- 如：paper,rice,water,milk,tea等。Lighttravelsfasterthansound; Thelightsareon. 如：aglassof fourglassesofapieceof twopiecesofabagof threebagsof girls;classes;boxes;以辅音字母加yyi, ffef,fev, potatoes;tomatoes；photos;kilos;bamboos; ---; ’3s，则应加s如：DaMaoandXiaoMao’s如:thewindowsof thepictureoftheafriendofmy abookof第 词（一 1、当第一次提到或某物时，用a或an起介绍作用，如：Whatisthis? Itisabus.Whoisshe? Asnakeisacold-bloodanimal.AneisamachinethatcanSheisateacher; Thereisanelephantinthezoo.alongtime alittle afewata havea takeathreetimesaday fouryuanadozenIamquiteataThelittlechildisajoytohisHedrewoutatinofpineapple.Theymadeafiretoget1an用在以元音（不是字母，而是发音）起首的名词或其他以元音起首的词之前，不定冠词a用在以辅音起首的名词或其他以辅音起首的词之前。Ihavebeenwaitingforanhour.Heisanhonestyoungfellow.Ahammerisausefulfool.3、英语中有些字母，如fh Thereisan“n”inthewordAnMPmeansamemberof第 词（二thethis,thatthese,those等意思，用于单数或复数名词前。主要用来特指，使一个或几个Iwroteanarticle.Thearticlewasaboutphysics.Pleaseclosethedoorbeforeyouleave.Let’sgototheThebookonthedeskishis.Theteacherwhotalkedwithyouishermother.thesun themoon theearth thesky Iliveon Mymotherisalwaysthefirstonetocomeandthelastonetoleave.ontheleft inthenorth inthefrontofthepiano theviolinThiswasthemostinterestingvoyagewehadeverhad.Heisthetallestofus.therich thepoor theyoung thelivingthe the the thetheChangjiang the

thetheQin theMinginthe thespringtheLis theMartinsManismortal.MissSmithcameinpoweratSheismyThisarticleyouhadwrittenisveryby by PhysicsNationalDay MayDay Heprefersmilkandeggforbreakfast.HepreferredtoyfootballandI’dratherytennis.Heiselectedmanagerofour PeopleelectedhimofthatcountrylastWorker’sNotesontheStudyofHongLouat by learnbyat at atby dayand第 词（一 数格Ihe,she,him,Shegavethesebookstoyouandme;YoumustlookafterYou,heandIaregoingtospendthewinterholidaysin his,her,his,my yourbooks their朋友”，要用“afriendofmine”。有些结构中常用theHehadacoldinthehead.（thehimself;herself;Mymothertookmebyhimself;herself;Hehimselfhasfinishedit（作同位语HehastaughthimselfRussianfor5years（作宾语）Ididitmysldf.（加强语气）某些固定结构：byoneself; fooneself; Theymadethemachineallbythemselves.Hecookedamealfor

第 词（二指示代词有：thisthatthese; ThisisTom英语中有以下不定代词：all,each,every,both,eitherneither,one,nonelittle(alittlefew(afewmany,much,other,another,some,any,nosome,any,noevery构成的代词。1）both,BothofusareAllofyouaregoodatying但all还可以组成固定短语all all allthetimeeither是指“两者之中任何一个……neither则是“两者之中一个也不……“属Eitherofthebookswilldo.Neitheroftheanswersisright.Tomhasn’tbeentoAmerica,Jimhasn’t,=NeitherTomnorJimhasbeento)Kateisn’taworker,neitherislittle,alittle,few,alittle,alittlefewafewThereisalittlemilkintheglass.Therearefewstudentsintheclassroom,they’reinthereading-everyeach都是强调每一个，everyThebuscomeseveryfiveEachofthemmaycomeatadifferentsome,something,someone,somebody,somewhere,anything,anyone,anybody,anywhere,nothing,none,nobody,nowhere,everything,everyone,everybody,everywhere.who,whom,whose,what,第 aaaaahundredandfifty- twofifteen 3:20---twentypast 2:10---tenpasthalf，15aquarter2:15---aquarterpasttwo 3:30halfpastthree+4:35---twenty-fivetofive 2:55fivetothree大于1时，分母序数词用复数）如： Lesson15; Room1506或者用“the+序数词+名词”TheFifteenthLesson thethirdfloortwohoursandahalf halfanhour

第 形容Threeisnothingserious,isthere?（充当定语，修饰不定代词的形容词及短语要放在不定代词之后）Theshoesintheshopwerenotveryexpensive.（作表语） small-smaller-–rstlarge-larger-yi，加er;-happy-happier-以一个元音字母加一个辅-er;-fat–fatter–thin–thinner–thinnestbig–bigger–biggesthot–hotter-hottest

HeisastallasI2、A≠B，则用notas(so)…as…表示甲与乙在某方面不一样。HeisnotsotallasI=HeisshorterthanI=I’mtallerthanheTheboyisn’tascarefulasthatoneThisboyisn’tascarefulthanthatone3、+than形式ThislessonismoredifficultthanthatoneSheisfatterthanKate4、the++(inof)短MissZhouisoneofthemostpopularinourclassHeistheoldestofthethreeof常与名词复数或表示数量的词连用。表示“在…之中”这一。in常与表示范围或场所的名词四、形容词特殊用moreandmore连用表示“越来越Inspringtheweathergetswarmerandwarmer.Heisgettingbusierandbusier.Themorethemore越…就越Thelargerthebusis,themorepeopleitcanThefartherawayanobjectisfromus,thesmallerit形式表达：+thananyother+名词单数；+thantheother+名词复数Heiscleverthananyotherboy----Heistheclevestofallthe----Heiscleverthantheother第 A:how,then,yesterday,lasttime,today,justnow,lateron,sofar,ago;B:always,often,usually,sometimes,never,hardly,C:already,yetlate,early,soonatonce,atlastfinally,atfirstsince;A:here,there,home,anywhere,B:above,below,down,up,out,in,across,back,over,round,away,注：B类中表示位置的副词有时也可作介词。如：comein,please Theyliveinthenextroom.4、程度副词：常见的有:much,alittle,abit,very,even,so,too,enough,quite,rather,compley,terribly,nearly,hardly,notatall。这些副词多用来修饰形容词、副词或动词以加强语气。问副词有：how,when,where,why,whoIhavereadthebook,sohasJimdidn’twinthegame,neitherdidTom.3）already,yetalreadyyet通常用于现在完成时中，already用于肯定句，yetHehasalreadyfinishedhis.Jimhasn’tcomebackyet.第 Theboyoverthereismybrother.（作定语）Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.（作定语IshallmeetyouattheentranceofQianmenHo.（作地点状语）Totheirsurprisetheysawnotlocusts,butseagulls.（作原因状语）I’llbeintheofficeeveryafternoon.（作表语）Heisn’tathome（作表语Thefarmermadethekingoutofthewater.（作宾语补足语）Ifoundeverythingingoodorder（作宾语补足语）about,at,for,from,in,of,to,（1）形容词carefulabout hopefulabout Heiscarelessabouthisclothes（2）good surprised angry（3）形容词famousfor readyfor I’mterriblesorryfor linghimthetruth.（4） safeHewasabsentfromclassthisMysisterisdifferentfrommeinmany（5）interestedin successfulinHeisinterestedinmakingmodelships.+Hemadeupanexcuseforbeinglate.Didyoufindthecauseforyourfailure?+HehassomedifficultyintranslatingthebookShehasmadegreatprogressinEnglish.+ShefoundanotherwayofsolvingtheproblemHeformsabadhabitofgettinguplate+Therehavebeenseveralattacksonforeignersrecently.Havepityonme!+IwantedtohaveatalkwithHeisalwaysgettingintotroublewiththe第 表示联合关系的连词，常见的有：and,notonly……butalsoaswellasboth…and,neither…nor….WrittenEnglishismoreorlessthesameinbothBritainandAmerican.TheywereverysurprisedandIknewthatIhaddonetherightthing.Workhardandyou’llpasstheexam=Ifyouworkhard,you’llpasstheWhileIwasintheuniversity,IlearnedbothEnglishandJapanese.BothEuropeanandAsianspeakRussiaYoucan’tspeakbothAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglishatthesametime.NeitherTomnoryouareadriver.NeitherInorhehasseenthey.NeitherofusisateacherYoudon’tlikeit,NeitherdoI.Sheisbeautifulaswellasclever.Heisagreatwriteraswellasafamous,,AskherifshewillcomewithThereasonisthatsheneverwastedherIdon’tknowwhetherhehadpassedtheexam.连接时间状语从句的从属连词有：since,until,after,before,when,while,assoonas,whenever. lyouassoonasIknow.Sitwhereveryoulike.IfoundmybookswhereIhadleftAlthoughshewastired,shekeptonworking.连接原因状语从句的从属连词有：asbecausesince,nowthat,Hewasabsentbecausehewasill.连接目的状语从句的从属连词有：that,sothatinorderthat.Heraisedhisvoicesothatwecouldhearhim.连接条件状语从句的从属连词有：ifunless,once,incase.You’llmissthetrainunlessyouhurryup.Hecamesolatethathemissedtheclass.连接比较状语从句的从属连词有：as…asnotso…asless(more)…than,thethe…ThisismorethanIcanaccept.Itlooksasifitwasgoingtorain.第十 词（一ShetookpicturesoftreesHeistyletters.IenjoyedthefilmveryIgavethechildanotherpieceofbring,build,buy,cook,cut,draw,find,get,hand,leave,lend,make,offer,pass,pay,read,return,sell,show, l,write,etc.HorsesrunTheyworkinaShecurledupinbedandbeganherbook.get,feel,sound,turn,smell,taste, MyfatherisanMybrotherhas eadoctor.Itseemsthathewasamillionaire.Idon’tfeelverywelltoday.表示感觉知觉的动词可以是连系动词，如feel,touch,sound,smell.Icansmellthesea.Thecustomsofficerlookedcarefullyattheirsuitcases.Ifeelapaininthearm.Shelookedworriedaboutit.Thesongalwaysremindsmeofmyschooldays.Parentsusuallyexpectalotoftheirchildren.Ioftentakeherforhersister.HehideeverythingfromTheheadmasterpraisedtheboyforhiscourage.Theydpeoplewithenoughfoodanddrink.Theypresenteduswithalotofflowers.Themanwaschargedwithdressoneself prepareoneselfgiveoneselfto Hegiveshimselftopopmusic.Shealwaysdressesherselfin第十二 词（二 以辅音字母加yyi, yyybetbear,bore,born bite,bit,bitten draw,drew,drawn drink,drank,drunkeat,ate,eatenfly,flew,flown hide,hid,hidden lend,lent,lentmean,meant,meant ride,rode,ridden shake,shook,shaken swim,swam,swumtear,tore,tornthrow,threw,thrown wear,wore,worn规例 以不发音的e lying第十 词（三助动词SheisngherIaskedhimwhathehadbeenngallThebabywasputinbedbyhismother.TheinvitationwasreceivedThesebooksarenottobetakenoutoftheroom.Sheistoarriveatsixthismorning.助动词IhavenotseenhimforthreeHowlonghasyouruncletaughtintheHehadlivedinScotlandforfifteenyearsbeforehecametoShehadtogoshop助动词Didanyonesharpenthisknife?Idon’tthinkyouareright.IdowanttohaveatalkwithDocomeandseeme.Haveyoufinishedyourwork? Heysbasketballwell.Sodoeshisbrother.助动词IshallnotbebackWeshallpayavisittotheBanporuinsnextTheywillmovetoanewhouse.Shewillnoteatanysolidfood.havetomust词词MustIdoitnow No,youImissedthetrain,soIhadtotakeaI’msorryIwon’tgowithyou,I’llhavetogotothebank.Wedon’thavetoinstallthisnewevisionset.usedto表示过去常常，而现在不再有的习惯。其否定形式为usednotto,usedn’t(usen’t)todidn’tuseto.Iusedtogotoworkbybus.NowIgobycar.IusedtocollectstampswhenIwasaboy.Usedtheytohavealotmoretime第十四 词（四 must,will,shall,should,would,need,dare.YoumaygoThisbuscanseat40TheworkmustbefinishedassoonasmayYoumaygoMayIuseyouYoumaynotgo=Idonotpermityoutoyouhadbetternot.canThehallcanholdatleast200Thelibrariansaidwecouldtakethesebooks.TodayisSunday,hecan’tbeatschoolcanbeabletoIcanyHehasnotbeenabletofinishtheworkinmustMustIcometotheThearticlemustbecompletedbeforeYoumustn’tgettoschooltooMustIdoitnow?Yes,youmust. ShemusthavegonetoBeijing.YoumustsaysorrytomeforthatneedIneedn’twearacoat.=Idon’tthinkIneedwearacoat.Idon’tneedthingslikethat.⑤Heshallgethismoney.Youshalldoexactlyasyouwish.ShallIturnonthelight?ShallIpoenthewouldIwouldliketogoIpromisedthatIwoulddomyHewouldoftencometomyhousetosee第十 动词的时态（一例sx,ch,sho结尾的动词加-以辅音字母加yyi，再加-要恢复。例如：Ilike Idon’tlikeDoyoulike

No,IHegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.TheyoftenyfootballDoyouspeakTheearthmovesroundthesun.TimeandtidewaitfornoThenetakesoffat7:30.Classesbeginat8:00IfIseehim,I’lllhimtogiveyouacall.We’llwaituntilhecomesback.一般现在时的一些常见的时间状语有：alwaysoften,usually,sometimes,seldom,ever,never,everyday,nowandthen,fromtimetotimeforever以表示说话人的某种感情，如赞叹、厌烦等。如：Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.Heisalwaystalkingbig.第十 动词的时态（二amis---- 否定形式为：wasnot---- were 疑问句是将waswereIwasinGradeThreelastterm.Iwasn’tinGradeTwolastterm.Whichgradewereyouin? 以辅音字母加yyi再加- go----went begin----began sleep----slept Iheardthegoodnewsjustnow.Thetwinsdidn’tgotoschoollastweekDidyouseethefilmyesterday?week,aminuteago,in1998,justnow,inthosedays等。例如：Theyhadababylastmonth.Mymotherwasillyesterday.Hewentoutjustnow.Hehasworkedinthefactorysinceitopenedin1990.Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelastmet.表示过去的时间状语常见的有：yesterday,lastnight(week,year,month,Sunday),then,atthattime,justnow,afewdays(weeks,months)ago.after,before,when,while引导的的表示过去的时间状语。IwantedtoaskifIcouldborrowyour第十七动词的时态（三 nextweek,nextmonth,inafewdays,fromnowon。如I’mgoingtovisitthemuseumthisSunday.I’llbethereinhalfanhour.①begoingto+动词。Be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，否定句在be后面加not,疑问句是It’sgoingtobefineHeisn’tgoingtospeakatthemeeting.Whatareyougoingtodonext?问句需将will提至主语之前。例如：Wewillhaveabasketballmatchnextweek.Willyoucometotheparty?Ison’tlendittoWhenandwhereshallwemeet?ShallIturnontheTV?Areyougoingtoposttheletter?Howlongishegoingtostayhere?Therearealotofclouds.It’sgoingtorain.It’s7:50.I’mgoingtobelate.Hewillhelpyouifyouaskhim.Theywillcomebackam/is/aregoingto+动词→was/weregoingto+动词will+动词→would+动词should+动词→should+动词YouknewIwouldHeaskedmewhenhewouldseemeJimsaidhewasgoingtoseehisfriendthenext 动词的时态（四现在进行时+ help---- stop----stop Whatareyoung? Whoareyouwaitingfor?I’mcookingHeisworkingina SheistranslatinglookTheboyisalwaysaskingsomestrangequestions.Thechildrenaresinginganddancing.Whenareyoustarting? 过去进行时常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：thistimeyesterday,atthattime,then,lastnight,at9:00Whatwereyoungthistimeyesterday?WhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantorain.IwaswatchingTV.IwaswritingwhilemymotherwasWhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantoWhilewewerehavingaparty,thelightswentGeorgewasreadingwhilehiswifewaslisteningtothe“wasgoing+不定式”Hewasgoingtobeourteamleader.Iwastyletterslastnight.Itypedsomeletterslast第十九动词的时态（五have/has+have/has后加not→haven’t/疑问句要将have/hasIhavealreadyfinishedthework.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Hehasneverseensuchanicecar.for+since时间点（表时间段；时间段+agoIhavetaughtinthisschoolfortenIhavetaughtinthisschoolsincetenyears词。延续性动词表示该动词可以延续一段时间，如：live,work,study,teach,stay等，非延续性动词是指该动词所表示的动作不能持续，是短暂的、瞬间完成的，如：borrow,come,arrive,get,leave,die等。leave----beaway bego----be come----bein/ bebuy---- borrow---- bejoin----bein/beamember be如：Hehas HehasbeenawayforanIhaveboughta Ihavehadthewatchforseveralhave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeento：曾去过have/hasgoneto：已去，去了（不在说话现场，在途中或已经到达MymotherhasbeentoAmerica.我曾经去过MymotherhasgonetoAmerica.我已经去了①一般过去时只单纯表示过去，和现在不发生联系，它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。Wehavevisitedthefarm（现在对农场有所了解WhendidyouloseyourcatIlostitlast Ifounditinthe第二十动词的时态（六现在完成时（二）HehastaughtEnglishsinceIthasbeenalongtimesinceIlastsawIt’stenyearssinceIleftschool.It’salongtimesinceIsawyou die, stop等，如：不能说：Hisfatherhasdiedforthreeyears.只能说：Hisfatherdiedthreeyearsago.不能说：Hehaslefthomefortwomonths.只能说：Helefthometwomonthsago.,Ihaven’tseenhimforalongIhaven’theardfromhimsinceheShehasn’tlefthomeeversinceshelostherhave(hasbeen和havehasgoneHassheeverbeentoNanjingYouhaveneverbeentherebefore,haveyou?IhavebeentoGuilin,Iwenttherelastyear.指现在人在不在，只用于第三人称，不用于第一、第二人称，不能用来代替havebeen（1）过去完成时表示在过去某一时间之前已经发生的动作或存在的状态。其结构是：had动词过Themeetinghadbegunwhenwegotthere.Hesaidhehadseenthefilm.ThefilmhadbeenonfortemminuteswhenwegotShesaidthatshehadmademuchprogresssinceshecame 语 would，could，might+OurteachertoldusalittleknowledgeisHesaidthatlighttravelsfasterthan形容词有：afraid,glad,sure,sorry,certain,aware,confident,delighted,lucky,surprised,worried。如：I’msurethathewillThatiswhyhewaslateforschool.MissGaoisn’there. tothestationtomeetMrA. B.has C.has D.wouldaletterfromhimsinceheA.haven’t B.didn’t C.didn’t D.haven’tWhenIcamein, gamesintheA.were B.are C. D.Hurryup!The fortenA.has B.had C.hasbeen D.第二十 语态（一TheybuildthisTheyschoolisbuiltbythem.化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。如：ThiskindofTVsetismadeinGuangzhou.（一般现在时）Thethiefwasarrested.（一般过去时）Anewroadisbeingbuiltoutsidemyhouse.（现在进行时）Themanwasbeingquestionedbythe.（过去进行时）Yourwallethasbeenfound.（现在完成时）Bythetimewegotthere.Theworkhadbeenfinished.（过去完成时）Mysisterwouldbetakencareofbygrandma.（过去将来时） appear,diehappen,fallarrive.Alotofbooksarekeptinourschoollibrary.Radioisusedineverydaylife.AthiefwascaughtlastTheywereaskedtospeakattheAnewlibraryisbeingputupintheirschoolnow.Thewatchisbeingrepaired.TheclassmeetingwillbeheldnextSaturdayafternoon.Thethieveswillbearrested.MybaghasbeenManystampshavebeencollectedbymesincelastyear.执行者无须说明或不必强调时，by短语可以省略。WerepairedtheThemotorwasrepairedby第二十 语态（二HeshowedmehisIwasshownhispicturesbyIwassentabirthdaypresent(byAbirthdaypresentwassenttome(byTheycallherlittle SheiscalledlittleHeleftthedoor Thedoorwasleftopenbymake,let,hear,watch,see,feel,have,noticehelpto，可是当变为语态时，后面的不定式必须带to。如：MybrotheroftenmademedothisandthatwhenIwasIwasoftenmadetodothisandthatbymybrotherwhenIwasTheycannotfindhim.HecannotbeTheyhadputoutthefirebeforethefirebrigadearrived.Thefirehadbeenputoutbeforethefirebrigadearrived.Theywillsetupanewpublicschoolhere.Anewpublicschoolwillbesetuphere.Youmusttakegoodcareofthesetrees.Thesetreesmustbetakengoodcareof.PaperismadefromThehouseisquiteold,itwasbuiltin1950.Hewaswoundedinthefight.Calculatorcan’tbeusedinthemathsBooksandnewspapersinthereadingroommustn’tbetakenaway.Hewasawardedfirstprizeinthatcontest.Theconstructionofthenewlabmustbecompletedbytheendofnextmonth.Electricityisusedtorunmachines.第二十 非谓语动词（一TolearnEnglishwellisnoteasy.TodrivefastisquiteItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.Itisquitedangeroustodrivefast.Itisnot)+forsb.todosth.Itisveryexpensiveformetobuyacar.Itisverydifficultforachildtodothat有些形容词之后跟of+名词（代词宾语）+Itisverykindofyoutosay ItisverygoodofyoutoMyjobistoteach ThefirstthingistoringhimShewantedtoaskyouaquestion. Heforgottoturnoffthelight.Wedecidedtoholdaclassmeeting.常见的可以用不定式作宾语的动词有：like,lovebegin,start,try,ask,preferhate,find等，有些形容词I’mverygladtosee He’ssuretoasksb.Todo wantsb.Todolsb.Todosth. likesb.Todosth. 足语。如：hear,watch,see,feel,make,let,have等。如：Ioftenhelpmymotherdohousework.Themanaskedthedrivertostop.TheteacheraskedusnottotalkinclassIwantyoutobuysomebananasforWesawhimy WefeltthehouseIhavealotofofworkto HewantssomethingtoHewenttothestationtomeethisfriend.（表目的Shehasgonetothemarkettobuysomevegetables.（表目的）I’msogladtohearthatyouhavepassedtheexam.（表原因）Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool.（表结果）when,who,whichwhen,where,why,how等加动词不定式，在句中可作主语、I’mdon’tknowhowtousethecomputer.（作宾语）Wecan’tdecidewhichonetobuy.（作宾语）Thequestionishowtogetthere.（作表语）Whentostarthasnotbeendecided.（作主语）第二十 非谓语动词（二式主语it。Swimminginthisriverisdangerous.Itisdangerousswimminginthisriver. Ican’thelplaughing.Ienjoyedreadingthis Irememberseeingtheman ng forgettodo IforgottoturnoffthelightswhenIleftthe ng regrettodo IregretlingyouthebadIregrettosayI’munabletohelp④stopng Westoppedtoseewhathappened.Let’sstoptalkingabout ng trytodo I’lltry ngitinanewway.Ioncetriedtolearn ng meantodo GivingupthejobmeansmissingagoodImeantohelphimwith⑦prefertodosth……ratherthandopreferngsth.tong Ipreferworkingtostayingathome.Thispairofshoesneedsrepairing.Thewallsoftheroomwant第二十六句子的类型（一Iwashavingdinnerwhenhecamein.Heisnowworkingatabank.ThequalityofthiskindofbikeisThereisnomilkintheTherearenostudentsiintheOneofthestudentsisabsent.Makingthingsisagoodactivity.WhathurthermostishisSusanandSallylikepopTheworkerandthepeasantaregoingtogiveusa aswellas… togetherwith…He,aswellashisclassmates,likespopularsongs.MrLi,togetherwithhiswifeandtwosongs,isonholidaytheseNeitherInormybrotherisgoodatmaths.EitheryouorI’mwrong.Tenpoundsisenough. Twohoursisalongtime.,I’mnotadoctor. Ihaven’tgotacamera.Ihavenevermethimbefore.not就行。Ididn’tgototheconcertyesterday.Hedoesn’tspeakEnglishNomenare Nomanis表示部分否定的词有：notall,noteverything,noteverybody,noteverywhere,notboth,notalways.Noteverybodyenjoysfishing.Noteverythinggoes 句子的类型（二Areyoua MustIgoDoesheoftenwritetoyouDidyouenjoyyourselflast+Isherbrotheradoctororateacher?Herbrotheradoctor.①+Heisstupid,isn’t②+Hedoesn’tlikesports,doesYounevertoldusyouaretheheadmaster,did=Heusedtoswiminwinter,usen’tEverybodyadmireshim,don’tHeneverspeaksloudly,doesSomethingiswrongwiththemachine,isn’tit?Everythingisingoodorder,isn’tLet’sgoforawalk,shallwe?Let’sstopforarest,willit”，而且疑问部分必须用否定式。Whatacleverboy,isn’tWhatawonderfullecture,isn’t

第二十 句子的类型（三句子的类型：祈使句Lookatthese PleasekeeptheclassroomDobequiet. Dostudyhard.句型：Don’g+动词……Don’tmakethesamemistake.Don’tlookoutofthewindows.祈使句=Youmust……Bequiet.=youmustbeDon’tmakeanynoiseYoumustn’tmakeanynoise.Please+祈使句=Willyouplease……？PleasereadaftermeWillyoupleasereadafterme?3、祈使句Let…句型Let’sgotoschool LetmetryLethimworkouttheproblembyhimself.LetLibemonitor.What+名词词组；Whatabeautifuldayitis!How+形容词或副词HowwelltheyhavelearnedEnglish!Howwellheswims!Whathow来引导感叹句，但是不定冠词a,an要放在形容词的后面。WhatabeautifulHowbeautifulaparkitWehavemanycakesforsupper（变为否定疑问句Iwouldlikeacupoftea,please.（变为一般疑问句Heisateacherastudent)（改为选择疑问句Itisanicebox.（改为感叹句Theworkersareworkinghard.（改为感叹句Tomissittingonthedesk.（改为否定的祈使句 Everythingis? Thisisn’tyour? Don’tlookoutofthe?第二十 句子的分类（一Theteacheriskind. Mysonbecameadoctoratlast.Myhead HeisTheprofessorlivesinWestayedinforafew常见的不及物动词有：sleep,walk,swim,happen,takece,go,come,work,laugh,Hecandrivea TheyspeakPleaselistentomewish,offer等。Hegavetheinspectorhispassport.MyfathertaughtusEnglish.Theoldmanboughthisdaughteranicescarf.Theoldmanboughtanicescarfforhisdaughter.Givetheteacherthisbook.=GivethisbooktotheHismotherfindshimacleverboy.Pleasekeeptheroomclean.seewatch,lookat,listento,hear,feel,let,make（使）have（使）等这些词后的宾补，如果是IheardamanknockatthedoorthreeAmanwasheardtoknockatthedoorthree第三 句子的分类（二并列句therebe结构并列连词有：and,butornorfor,while,either…orneither…nownotonlybut主从连词有：so,however,stillyet,同等关系：andnotonly…butalsoneither…nor…Hecouldneitherreadnorwrite.Henotonlystudieshard,butalsolikes转折关系：but/yet/still/while/whenTomwasnottherebuthisbrotherwasthereEitheryoudidn’tunderstandthis,oryouwerenotcarefulHehurried,foritwasgettingHelikedthebookverymuch,soIgaveitto2、therebe思，be是谓语动词，be后面是主语，beThereisagardenbehindthehouse.Therearetwobooksonthedesk.ThereisacupandtwobooksontheTherearefivestudentsandateacherintheclassroom.Whatshelikesiswatchingthechildreny.Itisrightthatyoutoldhimthetruth.Whythefirebrokeoutatnightremainsamystery.Whetherwecanhelpyouisadifficultquestion.WhenthemeetingwillbeheldhasnotbeenThequestionisthatwemustbegoodatlearningfromThatiswhatIwant lThequestioniswhichoftheclasseswechoosetobetheexcellentThequestionishowwecanhelphim.Thatiswhyhehasbeenlate.第三十 宾语从that,if,whether,what,which,who,whom,when,where,how,why等。ThetroubleisthatweareshortofDoyouknowifMrSmithisatDoyouknowwhobrokethewindow?Idon’tknowwhenIshallfinish.Iwonderifthenewsisafraid,sure,sorry,glad,worried,aware,confident,angry等。Theywereangrythattheyhadlostthechance.Canyoulmewherethelibraryis?I’msorrythatI’mHetoldmethatitwouldraintomorrow.Nooneknowsifhewillcomeatall.第三十二动词的时态（一例sx,ch,sho结尾的动词加-以辅音字母加yyi，再加-要恢复。例如：Ilike Idon’tlikeDoyoulike No,IHegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.TheyoftenyfootballMissGaoteachesEnglish.DoyouspeakJapanese?Theearthmovesroundthesun.TimeandtidewaitfornoThenetakesoffat7:30.Classesbeginat8:00IfIseehim,I’lllhimtogiveyouacall.We’llwaituntilhecomesback.一般现在时的一些常见的时间状语有：always,often,usually,sometimes,seldom,ever,never,everyday,nowandthen,fromtimetotimeforever以表示说话人的某种感情，如赞叹、厌烦等。如：Heisalwaysthinkingofothers.Heisalwaystalkingbig. 动词的时态（二amis---- 否定形式为：wasnot---- were 疑问句是将waswereIwasinGradeThreelastterm.Iwasn’tinGradeTwolastterm.Whichgradewereyouin? 以辅音字母加yyi再加- go----went begin----began sleep----slept Iheardthegoodnewsjustnow.Thetwinsdidn’tgotoschoollastweekDidyouseethefilmyesterday?week,aminuteago,in1998,justnow,inthosedays等。例如：Theyhadababylastmonth.Mymotherwasillyesterday.Hewentoutjustnow.Hehasworkedinthefactorysinceitopenedin1990.Youhaven’tchangedmuchsincewelastmet.表示过去的时间状语常见的有：yesterday,lastnight(week,year,month,Sunday),then,atthattime,justnow,afewdays(weeks,months)ago.after,before,when,while引导的的表示过去的时间状语。IwantedtoaskifIcouldborrowyour第三十 动词的时态（三 nextweek,nextmonth,inafewdays,fromnowon。如I’mgoingtovisitthemuseumthisSunday.I’llbethereinhalfanhour.①begoingto+动词。Be随主语人称和数的变化而变化，否定句在be后面加not,疑问句是It’sgoingtobefineHeisn’tgoingtospeakatthemeeting.Whatareyougoingtodonext?问句需将will提至主语之前。例如：Wewillhaveabasketballmatchnextweek.Willyoucometotheparty?Ison’tlendittoWhenandwhereshallwemeet?ShallIturnontheTV?Areyougoingtoposttheletter?Howlongishegoingtostayhere?Therearealotofclouds.It’sgoingtorain.It’s7:50.I’mgoingtobelate.Hewillhelpyouifyouaskhim.Theywillcomebackam/is/aregoingto+动词→was/weregoingto+动词will+动词→would+动词should+动词→should+动词YouknewIwouldHeaskedmewhenhewouldseemeJimsaidhewasgoingtoseehisfriendthenext第三十 动词的时态（四do— help---- stop----stop Whenareyoustarting? 过去进行时常和表示过去的时间状语连用。如：thistimeyesterday,atthattime,then,lastnight,at9:00Whatwereyou ngthistimeyesterday?WhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantorain.IwaswatchingTV.IwaswritingwhilemymotherwasWhenIwaswateringthegarden,itbegantoWhilewewerehavingaparty,thelightswentGeorgewasreadingwhilehiswifewaslisteningtothe“wasgoing+不定式”Hewasgoingtobeourteamleader.Iwastyletterslastnight.Itypedsomeletterslast第三十 动词的时态（五其构成形式是：have/has+动词过去分词have/has后加not→haven’thasn’t疑问句要将have/has放到主语之前。Ihavealreadyfinishedthework.HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?Hehasneverseensuchanicecar.for+since时间点（表时间段；时间段+agoIhavetaughtinthisschoolfortenIhavetaughtinthisschoolsincetenyears词。延续性动词表示该动词可以延续一段时间，如：live,work,study,teach,stay动词所表示的动作不能持续，是短暂的、瞬间完成的，如：borrow,come,arrive,get,leavedie等。leave----beaway bego----be come----bein/ bebuy---- borrow---- bejoin----bein/beamember be如：Hehas HehasbeenawayforanIhaveboughta Ihavehadthewatchforseveralhave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeento：曾去过have/hasgoneto：已去，去了（不在说话现场，在途中或已经到达MymotherhasbeentoAmerica.我曾经去过MymotherhasgonetoAmerica.我已经去了①一般过去时只单纯表示过去，和现在不发生联系，它可以和确定的表示过去的时间状语连用。Wehavevisitedthefarm（现在对农场有所了解WhendidyouloseyourcatIlostit