2023年江苏省南通市高考英语四模试卷-普通用卷

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2023年江苏省南通市高考英语四模试卷一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）ABritainisarguablythegreatwalkingnation.Abouttwo-thirdsofusalreadyheadouttostretchourlegsonceaweek.Thefollowingfestivalsofferawealthoforganizedwalks，butwalkersshouldregisterinadvance.

PrestatynandClwydianRangefestival

VisitorstoWalestendtomovewest，toeitherthewell-worntracksofSnowdoniaorthePembrokeshireCoastPath.Thereare25walkspackedintothethreedays，withvariousoptionsavailable，includingahalf-mileRoman-themedadventure，aneight-milewalkexploringthelifeof18th-centuryWelshnaturalistandtravelwriterThomasPennantanda21-mileOffa'sDykechallenge.Allwalksarefree.

Denbighshire，Wales，19-21May

Otleywalkingfestival

Thislocalfestivalhasgrownfromhumbleoriginsin2000intoabusyscheduleof50short-distancewalksandeventscelebratingthelivesandlandscapesofWharfedaleinWestYorkshire.OnemightenjoytheFivePubsWalk，WalkingWithWine，FourMorePubsorLostPubsofOtley.Allwalksarefree，thoughthereissometimesasmallchargefortransport.

Otley，WestYorkshire，24June-3July

Dartmooroffroadingwalkingfestival

Dartmoordelights（使高兴）walkersbecause，whiletracksaretheretobefollowed，thelackofwireandotherbariers，andtherelativelysmallnumberoffarmbuildingsonthehigherground，createasensationoffreedom.Thesixfreewheelchairwalks，startingdailyat11am，exploreDartmoor'sindustrialhistory，bronzeagevaluablesandVictorianrailwaybuilders.

Devon，27August-2September

Gowerwalkingfestival

Withmoresuperbwalkingoptionsinsideasinglelandscapethanperhapsanywhereelse，theGowerpeninsula（半岛）sometimesfeelsasifit'sallcoast.Thefurtherinformationforthisnine-dayfestival，celebratingthe10thanniversaryoftheWalesCoastPath（WCP），hasyettobefinalized.Halfofthewalksofferedduringthefestivalwillbeonthecoastalpath.£10adults，over-sixes£6.

Glamorgan，2-10September1.Whichfestivalisfriendlytothedisabled？______A.PrestatynandClwydianRangefestival.

B.Otleywalkingfestival.

C.Dartmooroffroadingwalkingfestival.

D.Gowerwalkingfestival.2.WhatdoweknowaboutGowerwalkingfestival？______A.Ithasthemostsuperbwalkingoptions.

B.Halfofthewalkslastforawholeweek.

C.It'saimedtoadvocatecoastalprotection.

D.Thefinaldetailsremaintobeconfirmed.3.Whatdothelistedfestivalshaveincommon？______A.Theyareofferedfreeofcharge.

B.Theyrequirepriorregistration.

C.Theytakeadvantageofthecoast.

D.Theyarefavoredbyantiqueenthusiasts.BMost13-year-oldsmighthavespentthosethreeyearspreoccupiedwithschoolworkorhangingoutwithmates.

Oneteenager，however，spenthisnightssleepinginatenttoraisemoneyforthehospice（临终安养院）thatlookedafterhisfriend.

Now，MaxWoosey-whobecameknownastheBoyintheTentduringhisyears-longfundraisingcampaign-hasdecidedtogobackindoorsafterthreeyearsandmorethanE700，000incharitabledonations.

"Ilovecamping.it'soneofmyfavouritethingsandI'mdefinitelygoingtomissit，"hesaid."Ithinkthe

highlightwouldhavetobethesecondcampout，becausethatyearwasthehardest."Thefirstyearwasquitenicebutthesecondwascolderandtherewereworsestorms.Itwasreallymeaningfulformebecauseallmyfriendsandfamilywerethere."

Hesaidthatalthoughthewindandrainprovedtobetrickyadversaries（对手），itwaslastsummer'sheatwavethatalmostforcedhimtoreturntothecomfortsofhisbedroom."Honestly，itwashorrible，andwhenthere'saheatwaveyourtentturnsintoagreenhouse.Itwasabsolutelyboiling，"hesaid.

Ontheprospectofsleepinginsideonaregularbasisagain，hesaid："Ithinkit'sgoingtobeweird（怪异的）thefirstfewnightsbutIthinkitistimetocomeinsidenow.Therearefutureadventureswearehopingcanbecomepossible.ItisgoingtobestrangebutI'mjustgoingtohavetogetoverit"

SpeakingtoITV'sGoodMorningBritain，hesaid："MyfriendRickwasabsolutelyamazing.Helovedtheoutdoors，helovedsportsandwegotalongreallywell.TheNorthDevonhospicejusttookbrilliantcareofhimandIwantedtosaythankyouinthebiggestwayIcould.SoIstartedsleepingoutsideandItriedtoraiseasmuchmoneyasIcouldforthem."

DonationswillgotoNorthDevonhospice.StephenRoberts，itschiefexecutive，toldtheITV："ThefundsheraisedforNorthDevonhospiceinthistimewillmakearealdifferencetothepatientsandfamilieswesupport."4.WhathasMaxbeenengagedinforthreeyears？______A.Doingcharitycamping. B.Hangingoutwithfriends.

C.Finishinghishomework. D.Lookingafterhisfriend.5.WhatwasthebiggestchallengeforMaxwhilehecampedout？______A.Terriblestorms. B.Extremeheat.

C.Freezingweather. D.Desperateloneliness.6.WhatisMax'sattitudetofutureadventures？______A.Worried. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Expectant.7.WhydidMaxraisemoneyforNorthDevonhospice？______A.Topaythemedicalbillofhisfriend.

B.Toappreciateitslovingcareforhisfriend.

C.Toimprovethewelfareofitsmedicalstaff.

D.Toupdateitsmedicalequipmentandservice.COtters（水癫）areknowntobeverysocialandintelligentcreatures，butanewstudybytheUniversityofExeterhasgivennewinsightintotheirintellect.

Researchersgaveotters"puzzleboxes（智力训练箱）"，someofwhichcontainedfamiliarfood，whileothersheldunfamiliarnaturalprey（猎物）-shorecrabandbluemussels，whichareprotectedbyhardoutershells.Forthefamiliarfood-meatballs，afavoritewiththeAsianshort-clawedottersinthestudythescientistshadfivedifferenttypesofboxes，andthemethodtoextract（提取）thefoodchangedineachversion，forexamplepullingataboropeningacap.Theunfamiliarfoodpresentedadditionalproblemsbecausetheottersdidnotknowifthecrabandmusselsweresafetoeatandhadnoexperienceofgettingthemoutoftheirshells.

Inordertodecidewhetherfoodwassafeanddesirabletoeat，theotters，whichliveatNewquayzooandtheTamarOtterandWildlifeCentre，watchedintently（专注地）astheircompanionsinspectedwhatwasintheboxesandmimickedtheirbehavioriftheotherotterssampledthetreats.

However，theypreferredtospendmoretimetryingtofigureouthowtoremovethemeatfromtheshellsontheirownandreliedlessontheactionsoftheircompanions.Ofthe20othersinthestudy，11managedtoextractthemeatfromallthreetypesofnaturalprey.

"Muchoftheresearchintotheextractiveforaging（觅食）andlearningcapabilitiesofottershascenteredonartificialfoodpuzzles，"saidtheleadauthor，AlexSaliveros，oftheCentreforEcologyandConservationonExeter'sPenryncampusinCormwall."Here，wewereinterestedininvestigatingsuchskillsinthecontextofunfamiliarnaturalfood，aswellasinrelationtoartificialfoodpuzzles."

Otheranimalsemploysociallearningtodecidewhatissafetoeat；rats，forexample，prefernovelfoodtypesthattheyhavesmelledonthebreathofotherrats.

Scientistshopethatunderstandinghowotterscopewithunfamiliarforagedfoodintheirnaturalenvironmentcanhelpthemtraintheanimalstosurviveinthewild."Thecaptive（圈养的）ottersinthisstudyinitiallystruggledwithnaturalprey，buttheyshowedtheycanlearnhowtoextractthefood，"saidSaliveros."Ourfindingssuggestthatifyougiveoneotterpre-releasetraining，itcanpasssomeofthatinformationontoothers."8.WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout？______A.Thepurposeoftheresearch.

B.Theprocessofextractingthefood.

C.Thediscoveryoftheintellect.

D.Thewaysofpresentingthefood.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"mimicked"probablymeaninparagraph3？______A.Copied. B.Influenced. C.Translated. D.Monitored.10.Whatdoesthenewstudyfocuson？______A.Changesinotters'learningcapabilities.

B.Otters'newresponseinartificialfoodpuzzles.

C.Otters'learningskillsindifferentcircumstances.

D.Relationshipsbetweenotters'variouslearningskills.11.What'sthesignificanceofthefindings？______A.Theymayhelpextractthefood.

B.Theyimproveotters'intelligence.

C.Theycanaidconservationefforts.

D.Theyjustifytheearlyreleaseofotters.DGeoffreyHinton，whohasbeencalledtheGodfatherofAl，workedpart-timeatGoogleforadecadeonthetechgiant'sAIdevelopmentandconfirmedonMondaythathelefthisroleatGoogle.

"IleftsothatIcouldtalkaboutthedangersofAlwithoutconsideringhowthisimpactsGoogle，"Hintonsaidinatweet."Googlehasactedveryresponsibly."

Hinton'sdecisiontostepbackfromthecompanycomesasagrowingnumberoflawmakers，advocacygroupsandtechinsidershaveraisedalarmsaboutthepotentialforanewcropofAl-poweredchatbotstospreadmisinformationandtaketheplaceofjobs.

ThewaveofattentionaroundChatGPTlatelastyearhelpedstartanarmsraceamongtechcompaniestodevelopandapplysimilarAItoolsintheirproducts.OpenAI，MicrosoftandGoogleareattheforefrontofthistrend，butIBM，Amazon，BaiduandTencentareworkingonsimilartechnologies.

Inaninterviewlastweek，HintonexpressedconcernsaboutAI'spotentialtoreplacejobsandcreateaworldwheremanywill"notbeabletoknowwhatistrueanymore."Healsopointedtotherapidpaceofadvancement，farbeyondwhatheandothershadanticipated.

"Theideathatthisstuffcouldactuallygetsmarterthanpeople-afewpeoplebelievedthat，"Hintonsaidintheinterview."Butmostpeoplethoughtitwaswayoff.AndIthoughtitwaswayoff.Ithoughtitwas30to50yearsorevenlongeraway.Obviously，Inolongerthinkthat."

"IbelievethattherapidprogressofAIisgoingtotransformsocietyinwayswedonotfullyunderstandandnotalloftheeffectsaregoingtobegood，"HintonsaidinanaddressattheIndian.InstituteofTechnologyBombayinMumbai.HenotedhowAIwillboosthealthcarewhilealsocreatingopportunitiesfordeadlyautonomousweapons."Ifindthisprospectmuchmoreimmediateandmuchmorescarythantheprospectofrobotstakingover，whichIthinkisaverylongwayoff."12.WhydidHintonquitGoogle？______A.TodrivetheresearchonAl.

B.TodrawourattentiontoGoogle.

C.ToavoidharmingGoogle'sinterests.

D.TospeakfreelyabouttherisksofAI.13.WhatfueledthecompetitionbetweencompaniesforAIdevelopment？______A.Theemergingdangers. B.PublicinterestinChatGPT.

C.Assistancefromtechgiants. D.Thetechnology-centeredtrend.14.WhatisimpliedinParagraph6？______A.AIisalittle-studiedfield.

B.AIisalong-termsolution.

C.AImaydefeathumanintelligencesoon.

D.AImayquicklyliveuptoourexpectations.15.WhatconcernsHintonmostnow？______A.AI'spotentialtodoharmtoourlife.C.Theapplicationofautonomousweapon.

B.Thepossibilityofrobotstakingover.D.AI'sunreliableperformanceinhealthcare.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Weareinararemomentwhenwecanrebuildoursocialnetworksbetterthanwewerebeforethepandemic.Manyofushavereflectedoverthepastthreeyearsonthethingsthataretrulyimportantandmakeushappiestatworkandathome.（1）______.Weighwhomatters，what'smissingandhowtobuildourA-team.Hereissomeadviceforroundingoutyourcircleoffriends.

（2）______Itmayincludefamily，home，work，hobbiesandinterests，andemotionallife.Thinkcarefullyaboutthefriendsineachcategory.Thegoalistoidentifythekindofsupportyouneedandwhetheryouhavefriendswhocanprovideit.Andiftherearefriendshipsthatdonotfulfill（满足）youanymore，justletthemgo.

Startwiththoseyoumissmost.Rekindling（重新唤起）arelationshipiseasierthanstartingone.Ifit'ssomeoneyoudeeplycareaboutandreallymiss，theyaregoingtobethrilledtohearfromyou.（3）______Sometimesthebestwaytomaintainafriendshipistoshowupwhenyouareneeded.Anditcanfeelgoodtohelpsomeoneelseratherthanalwaysfocusonyourownissues.

Onceyouhaveidentifiedthetypesoffriendsyouneed，takeactiontofindthem.Startwiththeareaofyourlifethatfeelsloneliest.Forme，aftertwoyearsofnotseeingcolleaguesinperson，IrealizedIneedmoreworkfriends.Therekindling-versus-starting-anewadviceholdshere，too.

Haveyourecentlymoved？Maybethereissomeonefromyourpastwholivesnearby.Joinagroupofpeoplewhoshareyourinterests-oryourcurrentstruggle-andshowupregularly.（4）______

Don'tlimityourselfbyage，race，genderoranythingelse.Often，thepeoplewhoexpandourworldtothegreatestextentarethosewhoaredifferentfromus.（5）______Itisgreattohavefriendscloseby，butthatisnotalwayspossible.Withtheinternet，youcanmakeameaningfulconnectionanywhere.Rememberthatfamilyandevenpetscanbefriends，too.Ifyoucankeepyourdefinitionoffriendshipbroad，youaregoingtohavethestrongestteam.

A.Youneedpeoplewhounderstandyou.

B.Don'tletgeographyholdyouback，either.

C.Makealistofthedifferentareasinyourlife.

D.Nowitistimetodothiswithourfriendships.

E.Itisimportanttohavefriendsinthesamelifestageasyou.

F.Researchshowsfriendshiphappenswithrepeatedinteraction.

G.Prioritizefriendswho'reexperiencingatoughtimeandneedsupport.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）Forme，nothingismoresatisfyingthandiscoveringhiddengems（美妙绝伦的事物）insecondhandshopsandestatesales.Afterall，oneperson'strash（废物）isanotherperson's（1）______

Ihavecollectedmorethan50，000oftheseitems.I'vealsosetupasocialmediaaccounttohelp（2）______itemswiththeirowners.ThefirstitemI（3）______wasaVHStapeofafamilyholiday.ItwasavideooftwoparentsandasonwearingaTshirtwiththewords"Wesleyanswimming"onit.Mysocialmedia（4）______askedswimmingcoachesacrosstheUSiftheyrecognisedthestudent.Afterjustafewdays，someoneidentifiedhimandwe（5）______himdownonsocialmedia.Hecouldn'tbelieveit.Hethen（6）______someofthemovieswithhisownsons.

Peopleareoftenquite（7）______whenwegetintouch-mostoftheseitemsarelostafterahousemove：thepeopleclearingsomeone's（8）______don'talwaysknowwhatthey'regettingridof.Sometimespeople（9）______acameratoacharityshopandforgettotakethememorycardout.I'vealsoheard（10）______aboutpeoplehavingtosellthecontentsoftheirstorageunits.

Ihavesome（11）______，includingnotsharingsensitivephotographsandremovingpostsifthefamilydoesnotwanttheirmemories（12）______.Withoutsocialmedia，thisprojectwouldnotbe（13）______.EveryfamilyI'vecontactedhasbeen（14）______tohavetheirmemoriesback.

Iwanttoinspirepeopleto（15）______theirownfamilyhistoryandmemorabilia（纪念品）sothattheydon'tendupgettinglost.21.

A.duty B.strength C.medicine D.treasure22.

A.reunite B.exchange C.share D.package23.

A.sold B.purchased C.posted D.admired24.

A.followers B.monitors C.customers D.designers25.

A.guided B.tracked C.let D.settle26.

A.shot B.downloaded C.recreated D.contributed27.

A.embarrassed B.optimistic C.emotional D.confident28.

A.way B.calendar C.mind D.stuff29.

A.display B.donate C.rent D.return30.

A.notices B.deals C.stories D.advertisements31.

A.rules B.demands C.aims D.plans32.

A.apart B.away C.inside D.online33.

A.possible B.tough C.complete D.original34.

A.objective B.careful C.realistic D.grateful35.

A.assess B.preserve C.revise D.comprehend四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）36.Breathingdirtyaircausestheprematuredeathofatleast1，200childrenacrossEuropeeachyear.Actually，manythousandsmore（1）______（trouble）withphysicalandmentalhealthproblemsthatcouldhavelifelongimpacts.

（2）______itcomestoairpollution，wecan'tthinkofchildren（3）______littleadults.Theyreceivemorepollution，anditstartsinthewomb（子宫）andcontinuesinkindergartenandonwards.

Childrenaremoreexposedtodirtyairthanadultsbecausetheyhavea（4）______（fast）breathingrate，areclosertothegroundandareoutdoorsmore.Theyareparticularly（5）______（sense）todirtyair，andpollutantscanhaveapermanentimpactontheirdevelopment.Theimpactsbeginbeforebirth，（6）______contributestolowbirthweightandprematurebirth.

Reducingthe（7）______（source）ofairpollution，includingroadtraffic，coalandsolidfuelburning，andindustrialemissions（排放物），iskey.Actionshouldalsobetaken（8）______（reduce）thespecificriskstochildren.Thesecouldincludeputtingcleanairzonesaroundschools，wheretrafficwould（9）______（restrict）andidlingengines（怠速运转）prohibited.Localauthoritiesandschoolsshouldalsoconsider（10）______（plant）trees，ivyscreensandhedgefencesaroundplaygrounds.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）37.假如你是李华，上周五你校举办了一次远足研学活动。请给你校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：

（1）活动目的；

（2）活动内容；

（3）活动反响。

注意：

（1）写作词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

AnEducationalOuting

38.Itwasaround7onMondaymorning.Paul，aticketgatelineassistant，wasworkinghisusualshiftatLeagraveStation."Anotherwonderfulday!"hethoughtandbegantohum（哼）atune.SuddenlyaflashofmovementaroundPlatformOnecaughthisattention.Aftertakingacloserlook，herealizeditwasadogwithoutacollar，sillyandexcitable，runningroundafternothingatall."Oh!"hehurrieddown，appearedinaflashandsuccessfullygotholdofthedog，butitmanagedtostrugglefreeoutofhisgrasp，jumpeddownonthetracksandgotstuck.

Panicstruckamongstanderss-byasthedogmadlyracedupanddownthetracks，tryingtofindawayout.

Therewasalotofnoiseofpeopleshoutinganddogbarking.Thenthetrainkickedin.

Obviously，therewasnotimelefttowaitforthedogtojumpoutonhisown，buthewasnotallowedtogodownonthetrack.Sohetookouthisphoneandrangthesignalmantowarnthetrains，gettingthemtoslowdown，readytostopifnecessary.

Likeacatonhotbricks，helookedaroundtofindsomethinguseful.Luckilyaguyontheplatformtherehadsomebread.Sowithoutanyhesitation，Paultookthebreadandusedittoattractthedogasthelasthope.

Immediately，thedogcameovertotheplatformedgewithwagging（摇）tails.Butitcouldn'tjumpbackup.

That'snotthething，Paulthought.Justasitputitspawsuptogetthebread，Paulmanagedtograbit.Thankgoodness.Pauldraggeditupontotheplatform.Hecouldn'tletgoofitforfearthatitwouldstrugglefreeasecondtime.Hejustheldon，strokingitsfurandpattingonitsheadtocalmitdown.Finallyhetookthedogintothesafetyofthestaffroom.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

ThenPauldecidedtoturntosocialmediatoidentifyitsowner.

ThecouplesharedthephotosandthestoryontheTikTokthatevening.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据Dartmooroffroadingwalkingfestival部分Thesixfreewheelchairwalks，startingdailyat11am，exploreDartmoor'sindustrialhistory，bronzeagevaluablesandVictorianrailwaybuilders.（每天上午11点开始的6次免费轮椅步行，探索达特穆尔的工业历史、青铜器时代的贵重物品和维多利亚时代的铁路建造者。）可知Dartmooroffroadingwalkingfestival对残疾人友好。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据Gowerwalkingfestival部分Thefurtherinformationforthisnine-dayfestival，celebratingthe10thanniversaryoftheWalesCoastPath（WCP），hasyettobefinalized.（这个为期九天的节日，庆祝威尔士海岸路径（WCP）十周年，进一步的信息还没有最终确定。）可知Gowerwalkingfestival最后的细节还有待确认。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据第一段Thefollowingfestivalsofferawealthoforganizedwalks，butwalkersshouldregisterinadvance.（接下来的节日提供了丰富的有组织的步行活动，但步行者应该提前注册。）可知列举的节日的共同之处是它们需要事先注册。故选B。

这篇短文主要介绍了四个英国的徒步旅行节日，分别是Prestatyn和Clwydian

Range节日、Otley徒步旅行节、Dartmoor越野徒步节和Gower徒步旅行节。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

4~7.【答案】A、B、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第二段Oneteenager，however，spenthisnightssleepinginatenttoraisemoneyforthehospice（临终安养院）thatlookedafterhisfriend.（然而，一个少年晚上睡在帐篷里，为照顾他朋友的收容所筹集资金。）和第三段Now，MaxWoosey-whobecameknownastheBoyintheTentduringhisyears-longfundraisingcampaign-hasdecidedtogobackindoorsafterthreeyearsandmorethanE700，000incharitabledonations.（在长达数年的筹款活动中，马克斯•伍西（MaxWoosey）以"帐篷里的男孩"而闻名，现在，在经历了三年的慈善捐款超过70万英镑后，他决定回到室内。）可知马克斯已经从事慈善露营三年了。A.Doingcharitycamping.做慈善露营；B.Hangingoutwithfriends.和朋友出去玩；C.Finishinghishomework.完成他的作业；D.Lookingafterhisfriend.照看他的朋友。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文章第五段

Hesaidthatalthoughthewindandrainprovedtobetrickyadversaries（对手），itwaslastsummer'sheatwavethatalmostforcedhimtoreturntothecomfortsofhisbedroom."Honestly，itwashorrible，andwhenthere'saheatwaveyourtentturnsintoagreenhouse.Itwasabsolutelyboiling，"hesaid.（他说，虽然风和雨被证明是狡猾的对手，但去年夏天的热浪几乎迫使他回到舒适的卧室。"老实说，太可怕了，一有热浪来袭，你的帐篷就变成了温室。绝对是沸腾了，"他说。）可知马克斯露营时面临的最大挑战是酷热。A.Terriblestorms.可怕的风暴；B.Extremeheat.酷热；C.Freezingweather.寒冷的天气；D.Desperateloneliness.绝望的孤独。故选B。

（3）观点态度题。根据文章第六段Therearefutureadventureswearehopingcanbecomepossible.（我们希望未来的冒险会成为可能。）可知马克斯对未来冒险的态度是充满期待的。A.Worried.担心的；B.Doubtful.怀疑的；C.Unclear.不清楚的；D.Expectant.充满期待的。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段TheNorthDevonhospicejusttookbrilliantcareofhimandIwantedtosaythankyouinthebiggestwayIcould.（北德文郡临终关怀医院对他进行了出色的护理，我想尽我最大的努力向你表示感谢。）可知马克斯为北德文郡临终关怀医院筹款，以感谢它对他朋友的关爱。故选B。

本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了一个名叫Max

Woosey的13岁男孩，他为了给照顾他朋友的医院筹集资金，连续三年在帐篷里睡觉。

一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。

阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力，考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。

二、看题干，带着问题读文章。

首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。

三、逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。

在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer，imply，suggest，indicate等。

四、猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。

猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜"，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。

我们在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Researchersgaveotters"puzzleboxes"，someofwhichcontainedfamiliarfood，whileothersheldunfamiliarnaturalprey-shorecrabandbluemussels，whichareprotectedbyhardoutershells.Forthefamiliarfood-meatballs，afavoritewiththeAsianshort-clawedottersinthestudythescientistshadfivedifferenttypesofboxes，andthemethodtoextractthefoodchangedineachversion，forexamplepullingataboropeningacap.Theunfamiliarfoodpresentedadditionalproblemsbecausetheottersdidnotknowifthecrabandmusselsweresafetoeatandhadnoexperienceofgettingthemoutoftheirshells.（研究人员给水獭"智力训练箱"，其中一些装着熟悉的食物，而另一些装着不熟悉的天然猎物——海岸蟹和蓝贻贝，它们有坚硬的外壳保护。对于熟悉的食物——亚洲短爪水獭最喜欢的肉丸，科学家们有五种不同类型的盒子，每种盒子提取食物的方法都不同，比如拉开标签或打开盖子。不熟悉的食物带来了额外的问题，因为水獭不知道螃蟹和贻贝是否可以安全食用，也没有将它们从壳中取出的经验。）可知，第二段主要讲述研究人员及科学家们向水獭展示食物的方式。故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段Inordertodecidewhetherfoodwassafeanddesirabletoeat，theotters，whichliveatNewquayzooandtheTamarOtterandWildlifeCentre，watchedintentlyastheircompanionsinspectedwhatwasintheboxesand

mimickedtheirbehavioriftheotherotterssampledthetreats.（为了确定食物是否安全，是否值得食用，生活在纽基动物园和塔玛尔水獭和野生动物中心的水獭们专注地看着它们的同伴检查盒子里的东西，并在其他水獭品尝食物时模仿它们的行为。）划线词上下文猜测可知，mimicked意思是"模仿"。A.Copied模仿；B.Influenced影响；C.Translated翻译；D.Monitored监控。故选A。

（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Scientistshopethatunderstandinghowotterscopewithunfamiliarforagedfoodintheirnaturalenvironmentcanhelpthemtraintheanimalstosurviveinthewild."Thecaptiveottersinthisstudyinitiallystruggledwithnaturalprey，buttheyshowedtheycanlearnhowtoextractthefood，"saidSaliveros."Ourfindingssuggestthatifyougiveoneotterpre-releasetraining，itcanpasssomeofthatinformationontoothers."（科学家们希望，了解水獭如何在自然环境中应对不熟悉的觅食食物，可以帮助他们训练水獭在野外生存。"在这项研究中，圈养的水獭最初与自然猎物搏斗，但它们表明它们可以学会如何提取食物，"Saliveros说。"我们的研究结果表明，如果你给一只水獭放生前的训练，它可以把一些信息传递给其他水獭。"）及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国埃克塞特大学的一项研究，研究人员通过给水獭提供"智力盒子"来探究它们的智商和学习能力。由此推知，这项新研究的重点是在不同环境下水獭所具备的的学习技巧。故选C。

（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段开头Scientistshopethatunderstandinghowotterscopewithunfamiliarforagedfoodintheirnaturalenvironmentcanhelpthemtraintheanimalstosurviveinthewild.（科学家们希望，了解水獭如何在自然环境中应对不熟悉的觅食食物，可以帮助他们训练水獭在野外生存）可知，科学家们进行研究发现的意义是想帮助训练水獭在野外的生存，以进行保护。故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国埃克塞特大学的一项研究，研究人员通过给水獭提供"智力盒子"来探究它们的智商和学习能力，并通过这项研究以达到帮助水獭野外生存的目的。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作者观点。

12~15.【答案】D、B、C、A【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段中"IleftsothatIcouldtalkaboutthedangersofAlwithoutconsideringhowthisimpactsGoogle，"Hintonsaidinatweet.（Hinton在推特上说："我离开是为了谈论人工智能的危险，而不考虑它对谷歌的影响。"）可知，辛顿离开谷歌是为了自由地谈论人工智能的风险。故选D。

（2）推理判断题。根据第四段ThewaveofattentionaroundChatGPTlatelastyearhelpedstartanarmsraceamongtechcompaniestodevelopandapplysimilarAItoolsintheirproducts.OpenAI，MicrosoftandGoogleareattheforefrontofthistrend，butIBM，Amazon，BaiduandTencentareworkingonsimilartechnologies.（去年年底，围绕ChatGPT的关注浪潮引发了科技公司之间的军备竞赛，以开发并在其产品中应用类似的人工智能工具。OpenAI、微软和谷歌走在这一趋势的前沿，但IBM、亚马逊、百度和腾讯也在研究类似的技术。）可知，对ChatGPT的关注浪潮引发了科技公司之间的军备竞赛。由此推知，推动了公司之间在人工智能开发方面的竞争是公众对ChatGPT的兴趣。故选B。

（3）推理判断题。根据第六段"Theideathatthisstuffcouldactuallygetsmarterthanpeople-afewpeoplebelievedthat，"Hintonsaidintheinterview."Butmostpeoplethoughtitwaswayoff.AndIthoughtitwaswayoff.Ithoughtitwas30to50yearsorevenlongeraway.Obviously，Inolongerthinkthat."（Hinton在采访中说："一些人相信，这种东西实际上会变得比人更聪明。""但大多数人认为这太离谱了。我觉得这太离谱了。我认为这是30到50年甚至更长的时间。显然，我不再这么想了。"）可知，有些人认为人工智能实际上会变得比人更聪明。所以，该段暗示了人工智能可能很快就会打败人类智能。故选C。

（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段"IbelievethattherapidprogressofAIisgoingtotransformsocietyinwayswedonotfullyunderstandandnotalloftheeffectsaregoingtobegood，"HintonsaidinanaddressattheIndianInstituteofTechnologyBombayinMumbai.HenotedhowAIwillboosthealthearewhilealsocreatingopportunitiesfordeadlyautonomousweapons."Ifindthisprospectmuchmoreimmediateandmuchmorescarythantheprospectofrobotstakingover，whichIthinkisaverylongwayoff."（Hinton在孟买的印度理工学院发表演讲时说："我相信人工智能的快速发展将以我们尚未完全理解的方式改变社会，并不是所有的影响都是好的。"他指出，人工智能将如何促进医疗，同时也为致命的自主武器创造机会。"我发现这种前景比机器人接管的前景更直接，也更可怕，我认为机器人接管的前景还有很长的路要走。"）可知，Hinton认为人工智能的快速发展在改变社会的同时也带来了不好的影响。由此推知，Hinton现在最关心的是人工智能有可能对我们的生活造成伤害。故选A。

本文是一篇说明文