英文课件 五行学说 Five Phases

FiveElements/Phases

五行(wuxing)WoodFireEarthMetalWater木（mu）火（huo）土（tu）金（jin）水（shui）CharacterizedbyOriginalPinyinWoodbendingandstraightening木曰曲直mu

yue

qu

zhiFireflaringup火曰炎上huo

yue

yan

shangEarthsowingandreaping土爰稼穑tu

yuan

jiaseMetalclearingandchanging金曰从革jin

yueconggeWatermoisteninganddescending水曰润下shui

yuerunxiaAllphenomenaintheuniversearetheproductsofthemovementandmutationoffivequalities:wood,fire,earth,metalandwater.FiveElementsarenotjustthematerialsthatthenamesreferto,butrathermetaphorsandsymbolsfordescribinghowthingsinteractandrelatetoeachother.StatementsStatementsFiveelementsactuallyrefertothemovementandtransformationofthesefiveelementsaswellastheirrelationships.InTCM,five-phasetheoryhashadconsiderableinfluenceinphysiology,pathology,diagnosis,treatmentandpharmacology.Yin-YangTheoryandFive-PhasetheoryTheYin-Yangmodelsymbolizesthecreationprocessthroughtheinteractionofbipolarforces.Five-PhaseTheoryfurtherdifferentiatesthisdynamicintotherelationshipbetweenfivefundamentalpowers,partitioningthecontinuumofmovementintoidentifiablestages.Yin-Yangcanbeusedtodescribethealternationbetweensunandshade,heatandcold,dryandwet,sotheFivePhasesrepresenttheseasonsoftheearth,thestagesofhumanlife,thewaxingandwaning(interaction)ofYinandYang.AnyprocessthatcanbedescribedintermsofYin-YangcanbefurtherdifferentiatedintoFive-Phase.AnyoftheFivePhasescanbefurtherdifferentiatedintoYin-Yang.Yin-yangandFive-phaseconceptualizationarejustdifferentcharacteristicsofthesamesubject:externalworldandhumanbody.CategorizationCriteria:IntrinsicCharacteristicsofthefiveelementsGuide:Correspondencebetweenmananduniverse/Adaptationofhumanbodytonaturalenvironment天人相应（tian

ren

xiang

ying）Method:ExtrinsicAbstraction,extension,analogizing,inferenceandDeductionCharacteristicsofthefiveelementsWood木Woodisthebendingandstraightening,havingthecharacteristicsofgrowth,upbearingandeffusion(upwardandoutwardmovement).Woodinnature:Spring,wind,east,dawn,generating,blue-green,sourWoodinhumanbody:liver,gallbladder,tendon,eye,anger,shout,tearCharacteristicsofthefiveelementsFire火Fireistheflamingupward,havingthequalityofheatandupwardmotion.Fireinnature:Summer,south,summerheat,midday,growing,red,bitterFireinhumanbody:heart,smallintestine,vessels,tongue,joy,laugh,sweat(perspiration)CharacteristicsofthefiveelementsEarth土Earthisthesowingandreaping,representingtheplantingandharvestingofcropsandthebringingforthofphenomena.Earthinnature:latersummer,center,dampness,lateafternoon,transform,yellow,sweet.Earthinhumanbody:spleen,stomach,muscle,mouth,thinking/contemplation,sing,salivaLatesummer长夏（chang

xia）June(lunarcalendar)18daysoutofeachseasonaddedtogetherThelastmonthofeachseason(4months)CharacteristicsofthefiveelementsMetal金Metalistheworkingofchange,havingthequalitiesofpurification,eliminationandreform.Metalinnature:Autumn,west,dryness,dusk,reap,white,pungent.Metalinhumanbody:lung,largeintestine,skin&hair,nose,grief/melancholy,cry,snivelCharacteristicsofthefiveelementsWater水Wateristhemoisteninganddescendingtolowplaces,havingthequalitiesofmoistening,downwardmovement,andcoldness.Waterinnature:winter,north,coldness,midnight,store,black,salty.Waterinhumanbody:kidney,urinarybladder,bone,ear,fear,spittle.TheStructuralSystemoftheFiveElements.docInteractionbetweenfiveelements

Fourcycles(sheng/ke/cheng/wu)mutualgeneration/inter-promotion相生(xiang

sheng)inter-restraint/inter-restriction/controlling相克(xiang

ke)overrestrict/overrestrain相乘(xiang

cheng)Counter-restriction/reverserestraintcycle:reverserestrain/overwhelming/insulting相侮(xiangwu)Sheng/ke---normalcyclesEngenderingcycle:mutualgeneration/inter-promotion相生（xiang

sheng）:(mother--child)Wood--Fire--Earth--Metal--Water--WoodRestrainingcycle:inter-restraint/inter-restriction/controlling相克（xiang

ke）Wood---Earth---Water---Fire---Metal---WoodwoodgeneratingfirefiregeneratingearthearthgeneratingmetalmetalgeneratingwaterwatergeneratingwoodMother--EachElement--childmotherqiandchildqi

illnessofmothervisceraaffectingthechildone母病及子illnessofchildvisceraaffectingthemotherone子病及母woodrestrictingearthfirerestrictingmetalearthrestrictingwaterwaterrestrictingfiremetalrestrictingwoodRestraining--EachElement–beingrestrainedbeingrestrained所胜（suo

sheng）Restraining所不胜

(suo

bu

sheng)ThedynamicofCreationcannotbewithoutengenderingorrestraining;withoutengenderingthereisnowaybywhichthingsmayarise,andwithoutrestraining,thingsmaybecomeundulypowerfulandcauseharm.造化之机不可无生，亦不可无制。无生则发育无由，无制则亢而为害。－－－《类经图翼》Cheng/wu--AbnormalCyclesOver-restrictingcycle:overrestrict/overrestrain相乘（xiang

cheng）

Wood---Earth---Water---Fire---Metal---WoodCounter-restriction/reverserestraintcycle:reverserestrain/overwhelm相侮（xiangwu）Wood—Metal—Fire—Water—Earth—WoodMetal

FireWood

WaterEarthApplicationofFive-PhaseTheoryinTCMFive-phaseanalysisoforgancharacteristicsThefourcyclesofinterorganrelationshipsappliedinphysiologypathologydiagnosistreatment:principle,herbsanddiet,acupuncture,

pscycotherapyprognosisFive-phaseanalysisoforgancharacteristicsThenatureandfunctionoftheorgansareseentohavecorrespondencestophenomenainnatureandareclassifiedwiththosephenomenaaccordingtothefivephases.Liver-wood;Heart-fire;Spleen-earth;Lung-metal;Kidney-waterTipsWhilestudyingTCMtheoryofinternalorgans,itisbesttoridoneselfofthewesternconceptofinternalorgansentirely.TCMconceptofinternalorgansarenotjustmaterial-anatomicalones.EachorganinTCMisacomplexsystemencompassingitsanatomicalentityanditscorrespondententities(constituent,sensoryorgans,etc.).TipsTCMunderstandstheinternalorgansthroughobservingthephysiologicalandpathologicalphenomenaaswellastherapeuticeffect.Theconceptsofzang-fuorgansinTCMarequitebeyondtherangeofanatomicalmorphology,moreorlesssyntheticfunctionalunits.Thefunctionsofthezang-fuorgansinTCMextensive,coveringcertainfunctionsofotherrelatedorgans.ThefourcyclesofinterorganrelationshipsappliedinphysiologyEngenderingcycle:LiverandheartHeartandspleenSpleenandlungLungandkidneyKidneyandliverRestrainingcycle:LiverandspleenSpleenandkidneyKidneyandheartHeartandlungLungandliverThefourcyclesofinterorganrelationshipsappliedinpathologyEngenderingcycle:illnessofmothervisceraaffectingthechildone母病及子

excessiveheatofliverandheartillnessofchildvisceraaffectingthemotherone子病及母

deficiencyofliverandkidney

ThefourcyclesofinterorganrelationshipsappliedinpathologyOver-Restrainingcycle:Liverqiattackingspleen/stomachwaterpathogeninsultingheartCounter-restrictingcycle:liverfireinvadinglungdisharmonybetweenheartandkidneyThefourcyclesofinterorganrelationshipsappliedindiagnosisDiagnosisaccordingtocomplexion,tasteandpulse.yellowishcomplexion,preferencetosweetfoodandmoderatepulse---?Decidingthetransmissionofdiseaseaccordingtocomplexion,tasteandpulse.spleendeficientsyndromewithbluishcomplexion,sourtasteinthemouthandtautpulse---?Thefourcyclesofinterorganrelationshipsappliedintreatment:Principles:Controllingthetransmissionofdiseaseliver---spleenDecidingtherapeuticprinciples*Tonifyingthemother-organandpurgingthechild-organ补母泻子(bu

mu

xie

zi)*Inhibitingthestrongorganandsupportingtheweakorgan抑强扶弱(yi

qiangfuruo)Tonifyingthemother-organ补母Accordingtoengenderingcycle,补母isusedfordeficiencysyndromeBoostingfiretoengenderearth益火生土(yi

huo

sheng

tu)

Bankingupearthtoengendermetal培土生金(pei

tu

sheng

jin)Metalandwaterengendereachother金水相济(jin

shui

xiang

ji)Enrichingwatertomoistenwood滋水涵木(zi

shui

han

mu)

Purgingthechild-organ泻子Accordingtoengenderingcycle,泻子isusedforexcesssyndromee.g.excessiveheatofliverandheartliver-firecanbereducedbypurgingheart-fireSummary:

tonifyingthemother-organintreatingdeficiencysyndrome虚则补其母(xu

ze

bu

qi

mu)purgingthechild-organintreatingexcesssyndrome实则泻其子(shize

xie

qi

zi)Inhibitingthestrongorganandsupportingtheweakorgan抑强扶弱(yi

qiangfuruo)Accordingtoover-restrictingandcounter-restrainingcycle,theprincipleofinhibitingthestrongorganandsupportingtheweakorganmeanstocorrectvisceralimbalanceandrestorevisceralharmonyinfunction.e.g.Inhibitingwoodandsupportingearth(inhibitingtheliverandstrengtheningthespleen)HerbsThesourtastesgoestotheliver,thebittertastegoestotheheart,thesweetgoestothespleen,thepungenttastegoestothelungs,thesaltytastegoestothekidneys—iftheliverisdiseasedoneshouldnoteatpungentfoods;iftheheartisdiseasedones