河北省中考英语任务型阅读答题技巧课件

题型5任务型阅读

任务型阅读是一种新的考查阅读理解能力的方式。从2009年开始，河北省任务型阅读从过去的“把A－D四个句子填入文中空缺处使短文完整”转换成“根据短文内容，设判断、选择、填空、填表格、完成句子、找主题句、文中漏空填单词、回答问题、英译汉”等题型。试题既可按以上任意一种形式出现，也可以以任意2～3种形式出现。这种题型有一定的推广价值，预计2018年中考任务型阅读文章选材丰富，注重生活，试题形式灵活多样，能有效地考查学生的语言综合运用能力。解题技法指导例题精析[2015·河北中考]Manypeoplebelievethatyellowingandwetnessarethegreatestenemyofstamps.Infact，stampsareafraidofnotonlywetness，butalsolightanddirtythings.Peopleprotecttheirstampsinseveraldifferentways.Toprotectstamps，weshouldnevertouchthestampswithourhands.Thisavoidsmovingdirtythingsontothem.Stamptweezers(镊子)shouldbeusedinallconditions.Stampsareprintedthings.Thecolourwillslowlydisappearifthestampsareputinthelightforalongtime.Soweshouldnotputstampsinthelightforlong.Directsunlightmustbeavoidedaswell.Wetnessisanimportantproblemforstamps.Somecollectorswillputstampsinseparateplastic(塑料)bags.However，itispossiblethatsomestampshavetakeninsomewaterfromtheairbeforetheyareputintotheplasticbags.Stampsbecomeyelloweasilyandrapidlyaftertheytakeinwetair.Toprotectthestamps，somepeoplealsoputthestampsintoaspecialroomwhichhasamachinetokeeptheaircoolanddry.However，notmanypeoplecanaffordthat.

Tokeep_stampsstamp_collectors_usually_put_them_under_plastic_covers.Itisacommonandsimpleway.Thishelpsbecausetheplasticcoverkeepsthestampsoffthewetair.Italsostopsthefingersfromtouchingthestamps.Somecollectorsprefertostorestampsinsideaplasticboxwithdesiccants(干燥剂)．However，weshouldtakecarenottoletthestampstouchthedesiccants.Ontopofthat，don’ttakeyourstampsoutonawetday.1题完成句子；2～3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1．Onewaytoprotectstampsisthatweshouldnevertouchthem________．2．Whatwilldisappearifweputthestampsinthelightforlong?______________________________________________________________3．Whendostampsbecomeyelloweasilyandrapidly?______________________________________________________________4.____________________________________________________________5.____________________________________________________________【主旨大意】这篇文章给我们介绍了保存邮票应该注意的一些问题。包括避免一些脏的东西，不能直接被阳光照射，注意防潮等等。邮票收集者还会把邮票保存在有干燥剂的塑料袋子里。1．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句“Toprotectstamps，weshouldnevertouchthestampswithourhands.”可知，我们永远不能用手来触碰这些邮票。【答案】withourhands2．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一、二句“Stampsareprintedthings.Thecolourwillslowlydisappearifthestampsareputinthelightforalongtime.”可知答案。【答案】Thecolour/Colour/Thecolor/Color.3．【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段第四句“Stampsbecomeyelloweasilyandrapidlyaftertheytakeinwetair.”可知答案。【答案】Aftertheytakeinwetair.4．【解析】主旨大意题。整篇文章介绍人们保存邮票的方法。故文章第一段中的最后一句可以概括全文。【答案】Peopleprotecttheirstampsinseveraldifferentways.5．【答案】为了保存邮票，集邮者(们)通常把它们(邮票)放在塑料封面下(边)覆盖。技法点拨1．完成句子类该题要求考生根据文章来补充句子，考生只需找到该句的位置，与题干一一对照，找出其中相应位置空缺的内容补上即可。填好所缺单词，做完题后还要从句子结构、语法形式和意义上进行复查、确保答案正确。2．回答问题类回答问题类题目，在答题前，首先应该快速浏览所提问题，然后带着这个问题，有的放矢地去阅读文章，获取与问题有关的信息。对那些在文章中找不到答案的问题，必须再通读全文，对获得的信息进行整理，通篇考虑，才能写出答案。答完问题后要进行检查，确保答案在语法、拼写及标点等方面准确无误。3．单词填空类此类题主要考查学生对文章整体或段落的理解能力。学生首先要清楚所缺单词的词性，然后根据语境、上下文意思等判断出该单词，最后一定要注意所填单词的形式正确。4．找主题句类如果题干要求找出某自然段的主题句，学生必须仔细阅读该自然段，掌握其大意，找出能概括该自然段的主题句。如果题干要求找出文章的主题句，则需要浏览文章大意。通常主题句位于自然段或文章的开头或结尾。5．英译汉类解答英译汉的题目，先略读全文，从整体上把握整篇文章的内容，并理解画线部分与文章其他部分之间的语法及逻辑关系，然后找出句中的固定短语、从句或固定句型等，翻译出合理的汉语句子。解答此类题型时要注意：(1)要根据上下文翻译，不要断章取义；(2)翻译时要与汉语语言习惯相联系，不要逐词翻译；(3)注意文化差异；(4)注意习语、谚语。即时运用Passage1文体议论文话题金钱与幸福词数235

Intoday’sworldmanypeopleseemtobehungryformoney.Someofthemevenlosetheirlivesforit.Moneydoeshaveitsmostusefulaffectiontothepoor，butonceapersonhasarichlife，alotmoremoneydoesn’tmeanmorehappiness.Somoneyisnoteverything.Ifmoneywaseverything，allmillionaireswouldhavetruelove，truefriendship，goodhealthandalonglife.However，thisisnotalwaystrue.Nothingelseismorepleasantthanthethreewords，whichare“Iloveyou”．Butcanlovebebought？I’mafraidnot.

Lovemeanstogive，nottotake.Toeveryperson，healthandlonglifeareprobablythemostprecious(珍贵的)things.Well，canhealthandalonglifebeboughtwithmoney？Theansweris“No”．Ofallthelongestlivingpeopleintheworld，fewofthemaremillionaires.Truefriendshipcan’tbeboughteither.Inaword，wheremoneyisworshiped(崇拜)，moneycancausebrotherstoquarrel，loverstohate，strangerstofightandsoon.No_matter_how_much_money_you_have，it_is_still_not_enough_to_make_you_a_happy_person_if_you_have_no_one_to_laugh_with，no_one_to_cry_for.1～2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题找出并写下全文的主题句；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1．Accordingtothewriter，themostpreciousthingsforeverypersonare_health_and_long_life__．2．Intheworld，somepeopleevenlosetheirlives_for_money_accordingtothepassage.3．Whatdoeslovemean?__Love__means__to__give，not__to__take.4.__Money__is__not__everything.5．不管你有多少钱，如果没有人和你共同欢笑，共同哭泣，你也不是一个幸福的人。【主旨大意】在当今世界，许多人渴望金钱，他们中的一些人甚至为了钱失去了生命。对于穷人，钱有很大的影响。但是，如果一个人有更多的钱，并不意味着有更多的幸福。无论你拥有多少金钱，如果你没有一个可以与你一起哭和笑的人，你也不会是一个幸福的人。1．healthandlonglife根据第四段第二句“Toeveryperson，healthandlonglifeareprobablythemostpreciousthings.”可知答案。2．formoney根据第一段第一、二句“Intoday’sworldmanypeopleseemtobehungryformoney.Someofthemevenlosetheirlivesforit.”可知答案。3．Lovemeanstogive，nottotake.根据第四段第一句“Lovemeanstogive，nottotake.”可知答案。4．Moneyisnoteverything.通读全文可知虽然许多人渴望金钱，但是金钱不是万能的。这是中心句。5．不管你有多少钱，如果没有人和你共同欢笑，共同哭泣，你也不是一个幸福的人。Passage2文体记叙文话题人物故事词数350

Thefamousscientistandthinker，CharlesDarwin(查尔斯·达尔文)，wasbornonFebruary12，1809.HisfamilylivednotfarfromtheRiverSevern，England.Charles’fatherwasawell­knowndoctorandthesonofastillgreaterdoctorandscientist.Charles’fatherhopedthathissonwouldalsobecomeadoctor.AsaboyCharleslikedtogoforwalksinthefieldsandforests.Hewatchednatureandcomparedwhathesawwitheverythinghehadreadinsciencebooks.Healsolikedcollectingverymuch.Hecollectedmanythings：eggs，stonesandleaves.Hisfatherdidnotlikethis，asCharleswasnotstudyingverywellatschool.Attheageofsixteen，DarwinwassenttoEdinburghUniversityinordertobecomeadoctor.Buthewasinterestedinthehistoryofnature.ThenhestudiedatCambridgeUniversityuntil1831.

Sometimelater，heheardthattheshipBeaglewasgoingonatriptoSouthAmericaandwantedascientist.Hisprofessoradvisedhimtogo.HesaidthetripwouldbejustforDarwin.SowhentheshipleftEnglandinDecember1831，Darwinwasonit.Theresearchlastedalmostfiveyears.TheBeaglestudiedthewaterintheseanearSouthAmerica.ItalsovisitedNewZealand，AustraliaandislandsinthePacific.Darwinsawmanynewplantsandanimals.Hecollectedallkindsofplants，whichhesenthomefromtheplaceshevisited.Whenhereturnedhome，Darwinwaswarmlygreetedbyhisfamiliesandmanyfriends.In1842，DarwinwenttoliveinKent，wherehecontinuedhisstudiesofthechangesinnature.Darwin__understood__that__plants__and__animals__are__not__always__the__same，and__that__they__really__change.By1859，DarwinhadfinishedhisfamousbookTheOriginofSpecies(物种起源)．Itmadeagreathitintheworldofscience.Hewasopposed(反对)bythechurchandevenbysomescientists.Butlater，moreandmorescientistsagreedwithhim.Darwincontinuedhisstudiesinscienceuntilhediedin1882.1～2题完成句子；3题简略回答问题；4题给这篇文章拟一个恰当的题目；5题将文中画线句子译成汉语。1．DarwinwassenttoEdinburghUniversityinorderthathecould_become_a_doctor__．2．Darwincollectedmanythings：_eggs，stones_and__leaves__．3．WhendidCharlesdie?_In__1882.4._Charles__Darwin_5.__达尔文明白了植物和动物不总是一成不变的，他们确实在变化中。【主旨大意】本文叙述了著名的科学家查尔斯·达尔文的生平，以及在世界上引起轰动的《物种起源》的编写过程。Passage3文体说明文话题睡眠词数316

Haveyoueverstayeduplateonenight?Didyoufeeltiredthenextday?Didyoufeelbad­tempered?Itisbecauseyourbodymisseditssleep!Sowhydoesagoodnight’ssleepmakeyoufeelbetter?Scientistshavestudiedsleeptofindtheanswertothisquestion.Theyhavefoundsomedifferentreasons.First，sleephelpsyourbodystayhealthy.Even_though_you_are_sleepingyour_body_is_still_active.Sleepgivesyourbodyachancetorepairitself.Sleepalsohelpsyourbodytorest.How?Yourbodydoesnotneedasmuchenergywhenitslowsdown.Thebeatofyourheartandyourbreathingratebecomeslower，whichlowersyourbody’senergylevel.Yourbodyneedsrestafterabusyday.

Sleepisimportantforyourbrain，too.Duringthedayyourbraingathersinformation.Atnightwhileyouaresleeping，yourbrainreviewseverythingthatyoudidduringtheday.Itsavessomeofyourexperiencessoyoucanrememberthem.Somescientiststhinkallthisreviewingcausesyoutodream.Whathappensifyoudonothaveenoughsleep?Peoplewhomisstoomuchsleephavetroublepayingattention.Theymakemoremistakesintheirwork.Scientistsbelievethatpeoplewhomissmorethanthreedaysofsleepmaybecomesickandevenstartseeingsomethingthatisnotreallythere.Studentsneedbetween8and10hoursofsleepeachnight.Whatcanyoudotohelpgiveyourbodyagoodnight’ssleep?Waystohelpyousleep◆Runandplayoutsideduringtheday.◆Drinkaglassofmilkbeforegoingtobed.◆Gotobedontime.◆Readabookinbed.◆Haveadark，quietroom.Followthesestepsandyouwillbegintofeelrelaxedandhappy.Nothingelsewillhel