2018年北京中考英语试卷

2018年北京市中考英语试卷一、单5填空（共6分.每小昌0.5分）从下值各题所给的A、9、C、D个选中中.选择可以坡人空白处的♦仕选项.1.brotherIM（efoocb^ipbyittogetheronceaweek.ATheyBlC.YouD.We2.Happybirthday,Peter!Here'sagift. you.A.inB./orC.fromD.with3._ -Bybike_doyouusu^lygotoschootMary?A.HowB.V/henC.WhyD.Where4.Manypeo^e3p”dH theyxecute.(>A.ifB.thoughC.becauseD.whileS.1 _goco应orI'lln驾mytrairvAmighcBcanC.couldD.must6.Tow>'«_ ofthethreeboys.butheisthetallest.<)A.youngerB.youngC.theyoungestD.youcgeC7.Billlikesreading.He pcturebookswithhisdadeveryevening.<)A-readsBreadC.hasreadDisreading8.-Paul,whxwereyoudongatninelastnight?-1 2movemthecinemawthmyfriends.Aw?uhB.wxwatchingC.wHwxchD.havewitched9Davdisatennisplayer.Hetoplavtennawhenhewassixye，，old.AwillbegnB.beginsC.hasbegunD.began-Lucy,isy'ourundeateacher?-Yes,heis.Mehistoryfornea^y20yex$.A.has3gheBreaches C.wuiteachD.tsteachingAnewinternationalairportintheotyneKtyear.A.iscompeted BcompletesC.vdlbe8M©ted D.willcomplete—Alice,couldyoutellmeLondon?-Sure.LastSuMay.A.whenMr.Smithwillleave BwhecMr.Sm*thleftC.whenwtilMr.Smithleave D.whend<dMr.Smithleave二、完形境空(共8分.共1小寇)英读Flit的短文.掌握其大意.然后从炮叉后台皿结的的A、B、C、D日个达5中.达驿・仕逸RealSNutiog•解决方注>toProblemsThirtyengjneerswerewo痴”asateaminacompany.Theywereyourgandeagertoteam.Themanagernentdeededtoteachthema50Mtfindingrealsolutionstoprob^ernsOnedayztheuamwascalledfora<1)inahall.TheywerequitesurprisedandallreachedtheKalboldingvarious(2>.Astheyentered,theyfoundabo*placedinthecenter,fullflatbaloons.Themanagerastedeveryoneto>ekaballoonv\6blowitup.Thentheywereaskedtowritethernarresonthe/respectu'eballoons(3)sothattheballoonswouldn'tblowout.Altried,batnoteveryonewas(4).FK'eballoonsblewoutdu«topressure(任力).Thosewhof\edtomarktheirnamesontheballoonswere(S)outofthegwe.Asaresuft25ecyce，cametothenextlevel.Althebaloonsarrvingtheirnames16>andthenputmtoaroom,hereandthere.Theengineersweretoldtopicktheballoonwthhischercm©on.Allthe25engineersbegantosearchfortherespecf.«balio&nsinarush.Itwasalmost15fn.nutesbutnoonewxableto<7)therightone.Thesecondleveloftheamem?sover.Thencamethefinallevel.Theengineerswere2mdtopickxyballoonandgiveittopersonnan%edontheb»：oon.V/rthinacoupleofminutes,allballoons(S：thehandsoftherespectiveengneers.Themanagerannouncedthiswastherealsolutiontotheproblem.Manytimesinourlife,shv>Agandhelpingothersgiveusreaisolutionstoproblems.通2C(H16ft

<1)AihowBgamC.patry0.concert<2)A.sugge&t)onsB.purposesC.piansD.thoMghts<5)A-careful^BqwetiyC.d«ar^D.secretFy<4)A.readyBnonestC.succeesfuiD.patient<5)A.helpedB.chedcedC.cheatedD.ruled<6)A.weighedBelectedC.deanedD.ted⑺AbideB.rnarkC.findDnumber<8)A.reachedB.freedChitD.lifted工、整读下列籁文每小赵6分.糖W也义内也.从文后各所绐的A、B、C、DP3个选S中.选出♦仕选（共26分.Roger：Hi.there!Itwas15thbirthdaylastSaturday.SomefnyMendsand.mycou&n,ci*netocelebrateit.Everyonebroughtmeagrft.weplayedgafnes,sangsongsandhadabigbirthdaycake.ttwasreal^*aw&ndeduiday!OdyoudoanytK^gspeoallastweek?K卞K卞rJessica:Yes,My仁\，wereonaschoolf«ldtriplastweek.Frstz\VewenttotheUrvver^tY&NorthCarolinatoleamaboutthe忙storyof-tsDasketb^iteam.Manybasketb^：starswerestudentsthere.Thenwevisitedamuseum.Weteamedabouthowtheplanewainwectedandtookmznypicturesthere.JewSara：Well,Iwasluckyenoughtogotoacon/erence< charity1移件)lastWedne5dJewSara：Well,Iwasluckyenoughtogotoacon/erence< charity1移件)lastWedne5d»/.Iwassoexcitedtomeet>totofkindpeopethere.One。，themwasaboynamedRichard.aboutthechy.tyworkthathehadd^neinthepastfewye3rs.He卬ekeattheconferenceSaraMartin:Itwxadrffefencweekthanusual.LastThursday,m>'schoolbard(乐队>wenttoAtlantatoperforminacompetition.Iplayedtheviotinandwewonaprize!OnFrdaywewenctotheGeorgiaAquariixnandgoctoseed/ferentfcntfcofsealifefromovertheworld.krealF>'cool!Mmn<1)WhendidRogerhavehisIxnEdaypartyA.Lastthursday. BLastWednwday.ClastSaturda(^.. D.LastFnday.(2)Whomtonaschoolfieldtnplastweek?AJes&ca. B.AJan. C.Richard..DSxa.<3)Martin**enttoAt；antato.A.orpnizeapartyC.visttauniversity'.A.orpnizeapartyC.visttauniversity'.D.pe心m•«acowpetconA8eaut-<UMomentV/henIwasinKghschool.Iworkedt/nehelpngDadsellfruitsv\6vegetablesata Oneday.asIwaiprepy.cjthefruits,alitt«boycamebywithMfrvomandstster.Hewasabouteightyearsold.andthegirl.Aeorsix.Theywereboki”thefruitsinfrontofme.Iheardthekids3aytotheirtnominFrench,'Ihe/regood!*'IknewitwasFrench,becauseleanspe2kandunderstandit.Th<nInoticedhowthemomwaspokingthefnjrts.AtfirstIthought&hewasre^lylookingatthefruitsbecauseshewasf>c%them.8utthenInoticedhownvuchshehadto<ee<andsme<leachoneasshepiecedthemout.Andsheo^tenzikedhersonditlookedokay,butlookedwayabovewherehisfacewai.Putting岫2tlsawtogether,Iwaisureshewasblind.&othofthebdsconcinuedtohelptheirmompickoutthefruits.Thesanmadesurethefruitswerenocobv»ousF>'bad,andthedaughterhandedthemtohermg.Thewomanthenfelteachoneandsmiled,andthedaughterwouldputthemintotheirbasket.ThekidsweresmilingwMkhopingthe/pkkthefrutsout.Their亦/e>ndgentlefranfxermovedmeina\wythatneverhappenedbefore.ItwassoDeautrfultoseesuchy&jrgkidssownllin^yhelp.Mostkidsthatagewouldbepi血”outcandiesortoysgastoreforthemselves,insteadofhelpingtheirmompid(outfruitsasthetwokdsdd.Itwasgreattowitnessthemoment,butnotsogreatbecauseIdidn'ttellthemomhowbeautifulherchfdrenwere>ntheirlanguage.thisiswhatIregrettoth*sday.<1)Thewomzcandherkidscametothemarkettobv>-.A.vegetates Bfrurts C.toys. D.candies21Accordingtowhathesaw.th«wnterm?ssureth<mothercouMn't.A.see B.spe>k C.hex. D.smell3)Thewriterwasmo*/edbecause.Athek/dswerepoliteandbndtoeachother8.themotherwasbravetot^ceherproblemsC.thekidsweresotohelptheirmother.0.th«motherwxcarefulinpkkingoutthings16.Someprimaryschoolchildrenhavebe«nraisedinhomeswithm®<e«nspacevound.Theyarelitetytocomewithlargervolumes。，whiteandgreymatterincertanareasofthebrain.Theseafferencesareassociated:关withbeneficeeffectsoncogrvtivefunction(认知功能).Thisisthemamconclu&onofastudyledb),theBarcelonaInstitutelorGobalHealth.Th«studywxperformedam&ng253schookhildrensSpain.Lifelongexposure:接触)togreen3Pxeinthelivingplaceswasrecordedusingthenformatjonsthechildren'sxidressesfrombirthupthroughtothetimeofthestudy.Boicstructurewasstudiedusing3Dmagneticres^narteimaging(MRJ).小brbegmemoryandinMtentJveness(汴&力小丸中)weregradedwithcomputers.'Thisisthefirststudythattheauociatonbettveenlongtermexposuretogreenspaceandbrainstructure.,SaysOr.PayamDadvand,th«leadingresearcherofthestudy.'Ojrfindingssuggestthate»po^jretogreen3PxeeXyinlifecouldresultinbeneficesVocturaichangesinthebrain.”Thefindings;ho育thattong-termexposuretogreen-^esstspositrve"associatedwthwhiteandg，eymattervolumesin5dparts。，thebrain.S&meofthem“ere'xedtohigherscoresoncognitivetests.Moreover,largervolume，of岫iteandgreymatterinthosep\=mightleXtobetterwofk-ngfremoryandless>nattentatne«.Exposuretonaturehasbeenthoughttobenecessary'forbr»ndeve'opmentinchiWren.Anotherstudyof2.593childrenshowsthatchildreninschoolwthmoregreen&pacehaveagraterincreaseinirkingmemory2Magreaterdecreaseninattentiveness.Hu/narwarebee.«dtobetiedtonature.RayingmgreeneroffersckMren&pportuntestosearchandlearn.Accordingly,green3Pxeisthoughttoimportantexercises»cd&9gMcreMivity”dnAtaking.TheseexercisessturnpositivelyinfluenceDrainde%*eloment.Dr.Oadvandsstudysuggestshowsuchstructuralchargescouldbringaboutth«benefcialeffectsofgreenspacesoncogcitrvedevdopmenc.h3乡。addstotheproofthatsuggeststhelastingeffectsofeartylifeexposuretogreennesson。"healthandthebenefitsofincreasinggreennessinc<t«.Furtherstudiesyeneededtoprovethefifadings5otherpopu-Mi&ns,8tt）传anddimates.AndresearchersneedtoexaminedifferencesaccordingtothenMureandquality。，greenspace.<1）Thesecondparagraphismain*/about.A.whatwasrecordedinthestudy".Bhowthestudywaspedormed.C.whotookpartinthestudy.D.howI故珞thestudylasted.（2）Theword'prompt-inparagraph6probablymeans'A.encourage.B.control. Cchange. D.balance.<3）What5welearnfromthepasss^e.'A.Or.BWorL”memoryinfluenceswhiteandgreymatterinth«brain.C.livingingreenerneighborhoodsbenefitschildreninbraindevelopment.D.Studtesprovedthe.nftuejvceofgreennessspopu'MionsoutsofSp'c.17.Weo^tenreachapointinourlifewhenweshouldberead^forchangethatZhelpusunlock。3selfimprovementpowe，.HbAVve/,there'salwayssomethingstanngmusrightuoderournosebutwedontseeit.ThecnFytimewetKnkofuNodcingour81f-igrovementpoweriswhene.'eQth-nggetsw&rst.Whendowerealizethatweneedtochargediets?Whennoneofourshirtsandjeanswouldfitus.Whendowestopeatingcandesandchocolates?V/henallofourteethha^fallenoH.\Vh<ndowerealizethatweneedtostopsm&iung?\Vh<nourlun^shavegonebad.Weseethewarningsignsand&gnalswhentKngsgetroughanddifficult.Theon*ytimemost&sever!«arnaboutunlockingourseWcprovemencpoweriswhenthe岫曲worldisapan.Wethir*v\6feelthiswaybeouseittsnoteasytochange,butchargebecomesm&repainfulwhenv*«gnore<S?4>it.Chargewrflhappen,likettorhateit.Atonepontoranother,weareallgoingtofinallyunlock。=self-improvementpo^ernotbecauseth<worldiaysso,bjtbecausewerealiteit'sforourowngood.Happype«ped&n't/ustacceptchange;the/-embrace<flIJfi)it.Unlockingojrserf；”Kovementpowermeansunlockingo-jrselvesoutoftheboxofthoughtthatisjustthewayweItissuchapoorexcuseforpeople\*hofeatchange.Janeal^ystellseveryonethatshedoe5cthavethecouragetobearoundgroups。，people.Sheheardher^frWytellthesarnethingsabouthertootherpeope.O^rtheyears,thatiswhatJanehasbelieved,^rytime2greatoowdcome,shestepsbacklocksherselfup*naro&m,Janerotoniybehei*esinherstory,butlivesit!Selfimprovementmaynotbeeverybody'shvorrteword,butifwelookatthingscadifferentway,wemighthavegreaterchances。，en^ngthewh&eprocessnsteadofcountingthedaysunt»iwe<utyimproved.ThreesessionsinaweekatthegymwouldresUtinahealthierlife.Readngbookseverydaywouldbuildupknowledge.AndocF>'.ecwey©enjoy飞thewholeprocessofunlockingourserfmprovemeNpewerwillwereaizethat**e*rebeginningtotakethingsightmdbecomehippy.<1JThewritermentionsthethreequestionsinParagraph2toshowthat.Aweareresp&nsityefortheproblemswemeet.8welearnourlessonswhenweexperencepain.C.lrfeisalongjourneyfullofupsanddowns.0.rifefailsuswhenvbegetintothewrongway.2JWhatisthekeytosolvingJanesproblem'A.Shehastoknowhowtogetonwithpeople.B.Sheneedstorememberwhyshestarted.C.Sheneedstounderstandthe^portanceofconfidence.O.Shehastorealizesheisnotfatsheisinherstory.3)Thewriterprobab^agreesthat.A.peoplechargewhentheyfinditeasytodothat.6theworldtellsushowtoi/nproveou^elves.C.en^yingtheprocessofself-improvementmakeslifesimpler.O.wdcomingchangeinlifedadrivetobe8E©better.Wkchofthefo；'owingwouldbethebestt<t«forthepassageA.ls4necessarytoembracechallenges?.BIsitimportanttotakethingsight?.C.Tbfreeoursegoutoftheboxortostayinit?.D.Tbholdontoth«lastmofnencortog$eup?.四、MttfeX.楸批短文内喜回答问51.(共10分.婚小昌10分)Whenitcongestothelettergradeonyourustorhomework,youmightnotcethattheretsnolettert.youeverthoughtaboutwhythatisso'IntheA.8-C.DzedF『Xi”system,thefrstfourlettersaretypcaUyconsideredpassinggrades.AnFinthissystemsimpCystandsfor'fail*.Theword'fairhappenstostarwththeletterF.wKchseemstoleave-attheletterE.Thefactofthematteristhatarr>'lettercanmean"not-passing'or*<air.SomeschoolshaveUgradefor,un5ati5^act^y,'.orIgradefor'incomptete,.EvenwithMth*ssaid,weshouldalsopointoutthatEgradeactua/iyhasbeenusedprettycommonlythroughoutthehistoryoflettergradesintheUS.ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayisMountHoCyokeCollege.In1897.theybegantousethefollownggrxiirgscale：A：95-100！4<excellent>B：8594%(good)C：76-miUr>D：75%<barelypassed)e：below75%<failed)WecanseetheindusionofEinsteadofF.Gradually,thetettergradngsyrtembecarnemorepopu»throughouttheUS.Howeve，.manyschoolsdecidedtod^optheEgrxieandgostraighttoF.Thereisnoevidence<iilW)toreallysupportthis,but&nepos&dieexplanatonisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor'excellentWhydowehavetettergrades?Well-partofthereasonisthattheymadegfxiirgamplerdur^gat/neofgreatchargeforschool.Asthe20thcenturybegan,growingcitiesandanmgxein>mm»grM)anledtolargerschooltassrooms.Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,hranddearwaytogradestudents.Today,moreandmorepeoplearguethattettergradesdon'treflect(反映>studentlearn.ng.However,hteacherstrytoimprovegradingmethods.manyparents8nticuetofavorthetettergradestheygotaskids.Theyarefamiliar<Jf^.8)andeasyforparentstounderstand.SotheymightnotDeperfect-thetettergradesprobablyaren'tgoingawayanyt»*nesoon.v*hatdeesanfstandformtheAvB、C、DandFgradngsystem2)\*henwaithelettergradingsystemfirstusedstheUScollege:<3)v*hatdonepossibleeaphnationfordroppingtheE3rxe■(4)v*hatdidmostteacherthinkofthefettergradingjysteminthe20thcentury'<5)whydomanypare皿stillpre®thelettergradestoday?五、文段表达(10分)从下他角个霆日中任法一题.根女中文相关文提示,完成一向不少于90词的文改写作.文中已绐出内*不计入◎蚁.所给提示例谓仅供迭用.堵不要写出你的校名枚姓名.19.假如你是李隼.你们学校要举办制关于京刷的讲座.你打算邀谢你打班2换生％ter与加•谓用英语写一封电子M件,吉浜他讲座时何和地戏以及需要做什么准备.碇示M：A：lecture(iH).rmat»on.quest)an.onz.neIQ”；H盟：•Whenandwhere