2023学年完整公开课版介词讲解

介词的用法一.表示时间介词三.表示方位介词二.表示地点介词四.表示方法、手段五.常见介词的搭配介词1.是一种用来表示:词与词,:词与句之间的关系的词。

2.在句中不能单独作句子成分介词后面一般有:名词、代词或相当于名词的其他词类，短语或从句作它的宾语。介词的含义ondownunderupbelowoverabovebewteen什么是介词？它的作用是什么？1.Lookat

me.()2.Hegoestoschoolby

bike.()3.Heisinterestedin

drawing.()4.Thebookisonthedesk.()代词名词

动名词介词:通常用在_________、_______、_______

之前，表示某个人、事物/东西、事件与另一个之间的_________。名词代词名词动名词关系介词的主要分类：1.atthecinema,inthehospital__________2.Writewithapen,gobybus___________3.insummer,onSeptemper1st___________4.bytheway,atlast,intheend___________地点介词方式介词时间介词固定搭配一.时间介词1.in年、月、季节及时间段（早、午、晚）on具体某一天，星期、节日at钟点、节日、（一段时间）的起点注意：atnoon

在中午

atnight

在夜间

inthemorning

在早上

onthemorningofJuly1st

在七月一日的早上

onarainyday

在雨天地点介词At:表示小地方用In:表示大地方用一.地点介词1.atthevillage,athome,atthecornerofthestreet..______________________2.inShanghai,inthecountry,inAsia,intheworld,

inspace…

_______________________3.inthebox,onthechair,underthedesk,nexttoKate,ontherightofLucy,infrontofthehouse,behindthedoor…_________________________表示小地方用at表示大地方用in表示不同地方用具体不同的介词填上正确的地点介词：1.在广州_______Guangzhou2.在电影院_______thecinema3.在湖边_______thelake4.在海里_______thesea5.树上的苹果apples______thetree6.树上的小鸟birds______thetree7.在天空上______thesky8.在农场上________thefarm19.在街道上________thestreetinatatinonininonin方式介词使用工具用介词with使用器官用介词with使用语言用介词in使用声音用介词in使用方法用介词in或by二.方式介词1.writewith

apen,cutwithaknife,lockwithalock…____________________2.seewithoureyes,dowithourhands,smellwithournoses,eatwithourmouths…____________________3.inEnglish,inFrench,inyourownwords,

inthreelanguage…_____________________4.inaloudvoice,inalowvoice…___________________5.inthisway,bythismeans…___________________使用工具用介词with使用器官用介词with使用语言用介词in使用声音用介词in使用方法用介词in或by6.bybike,bybus,bytrain,byplane,byship,bycar…(onfoot)byland陆路，bysea水路，byair空运

_________________

但：onthebike,onthebus,onthetrain,ontheplane,ontheship,inthecar…7.①Shanghailies___theeastofChina.()②Japanlies_____theeastofChina.()③Hubeilies_____thenorthofHunan.()8.inareadcoat,thegirlinyellow,theboyinwhite…__________________9.lieinbed,afterawhile,inthesun（在阳光下）

underthesun（天下，世界上；到底，究竟）使用交通工具用byintoon在中国内部在中国外部两地接壤表示穿衣服用in固定搭配()三.时间介词1.atsixo’clock,atnoon,atthattime,athalfpastthree,atmid-night…________________2.onSunday,onNewYear’sDay,onMarch21st,

onmybirthday…_________________3.inthreedays,inaweek,inamonth,inMay,in1998…_____________________4.inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening_____________________

但：onthemorningofMay1st5.atnight=_________heday=inthe________表示点钟或具体一点时间用at表示在某一天用on表示大于一天的时间用in在早上/下午/傍晚用inintheday-time1.MaryisflyingtoFrancesoon.ShewillarriveinParis___themorningofJuly9.A.onB.inC.at2.Thetwinswereborn__aFridayevening.A.inB.onC.at3.WetravelledovernighttoParisandarrived__5o’clock__themorning.A.on,inB.at,inC.at,in4.Wefinishourlessons___11:30andthenhavearest__noon.A.in,inB.at,atC.in,at2.

in+时间段

在……之后（内），多用于将来时

after+时间段

在……之后，

多用于过去时

1.MrBrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___twoweeks.A.forB.afterC.in2.Ourmanagercameback___anhour.A.inB.afterC.at

4.

before

在……之前

by

到……时为止,不迟于……1.Hewon’tcomeback___five.A.beforeB.afterC.by2.Theworkmustbefinished__Friday.A.atB.byC.after3.Wehadthreemeetings___lastFriday.A.inB.beforeC.by2.above

在……上方

below

在……下方,是above的反义词1.Thetemperaturewillfall__zeroatnight.A.belowB.aboveC.over2.Suddenlythereisaloudvoice___thetree.A.belowB.aboveC.on3.Thereisaclockonthewall.It’s___theblackboard.A.onB.inC.above二.地点介词

1.on

在……的上面,与表面接触

over

在……的正上方,不接触表面

under

在……下面(是on,over的反义词)1.Look!Thereisabridge__theriver.A.onB.overC.above2.Canyouseetheegg___theplate?A.onB.inC.over3.Thelight__usisverybright.A.overB.underC.on

4.Thesunrose___thehorizon(地平线).A.onB.aboveC.over

注意:on

接触平面

over

在平面的正上方

above

在上方3.in+大地方

at+小地方

on+门牌，某层楼1.Myunclelive___F12__thefifthfloor.A.at,onB.in,onC.on,at2.Theyarrived___Beijingat12:00andwaitedforabus___thestationtothehotel.A.at,inB.in,onC.in,at表示"在……上"时，不是都用"on"，有时须用in。在树上inthetree用于指树上的鸟、人等。onthetree用于指生长在树上的叶子、果实。在墙上inthewall镶嵌在墙内，指窗户、门、钉子等。onthewall在墙的表面之上，指地图、画像等。在报纸上inthenewspaper用于指报上的内容。onthenewspaper用于指放在报纸上的东西，如眼镜等。in,on2.in里面，排、行、组on左、右边at前、后部1.Weare___TeamOne.Isit__thefrontoftheclassroom.LiPingis___myleft.A.on,in,atB.in,in,atC.in,at,on2.Ihaveagoodseat.Isit__thebus.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.Theteacherisstanding___ourclassandgiveatalk.A.inthefrontofB.infrontof3.to

表目的地或去的目的

for

动身去某地

1.Hegotonatrain___Shanghai.A.toB.forC.towards2.Wilyoutakeatrain___Tianjian.A.toB.forC.at3.I’mleaving____Beijingnextweek.A.toB.forC.towards1.in

在某范围之内

to

在某范围之内

on

与某地相邻、接壤

1.Chinalies___theeastofAsiaand___thenorthofAustralia.A.in,onB.in,toC.to,in2.Mongoliais___thenorthofChina.A.inB.onC.to三.方位介词4.across

表面穿过

through

中间穿过

1.Thesunshinecomeintotheroom___thewindow.A.acrossB.throughC.past2.Youcango___theroadhere.A.acrossB.throughC.past3.Canyouswim____theriver.A.acrossB.throughC.past常用易混淆介词辨析after/in皆可表示时间在……之后，其区别为：

after①.表示“在某点时间之后”，用于将来时。如：

We’llgooutforawalkaftersupper.

②.表示“一段时间之后”，用于过去时。如：

Mymothercamehomeafterhalfanhour.

in表示“一段时间之后”，用于将来时。如：

We’llgotoschoolintwoweeks.between/among1)between

多指两者之间。如：What'sthedifferencebetweenthetwowords?2)among

指三者或三者以上的同类事物之间，在或笼统的一群人或一些物之中，表示“在……中间，在……之中”。如：Theyoungpeoplelivedandworkedamongtheworkers.

注意：我们可以说betweenyouandme，但不能说betweenyouandI，因为between是介词。3)between还可以用来指三个或三个以上的人或物的每两个之间。三个或三个以上的名词用and连接，前面用between，而不用among。如：Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthethreeofthem.Switzerlandlies_______France,Ger-many,AustriaandItaly.between1.cross作动词用，“穿过，越过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与goacross同义。cross作名词用是“十字架，十字形饰物”的意思。2.across是介词，有“横跨，横穿，穿越”之意。across与go/walk等动词连用表示“穿过，越过，横穿”的意思。与cross基本同义，也是表示从物体表面经过。

cross，across,through3.through是介词，“在...之中，透过”的意思，常与go,walk等动词连用，主要表示从物体内部穿过。如穿过森林、隧洞等1.Wemust________theroadverycarefully.2.Beforegoing_________theroad,youshouldlookleftfirstandthenright.3.Itrytogetintotheroom________thewindowbecauseIcan’topenthedoor.4.Theydrove_______thestreetquickly,butthepolicecaughtthematlast.5.It’sdangeroustoswim________theriver.6.Go_________thebridgeandyouwillseethestation.crossacrossacrossacrossacrossthroughinfrontof

表示“在某人或某物的前面”，在某个范围以外；inthefrontof

表示“在……的前部”，在某个范围以内例如：Therearesometalltreesinfrontofthebuilding.在楼前有一些高树。Theteacherissittinginthefrontoftheclassroom.老师坐在教室前面

infrontof,inthefrontofabove\over\on\below\underaboveoverbelowunderonBecareful,thereisaheavybox______yourhead.Thesunis_____themountainintheeast.Therearesomestamps_______thedesk.Thelittlemouseis_____thetable,soitisnoteasytofindit.overaboveonunder表示“延续的一段时间”时，可用“for＋时间段”或“since＋过去的时间点”，常与含延续动词的完成时连用。

—Howlonghaveyoubeeninthiscity?

你在这座城市待了多久了？

—Fortenyears.十年。

MrSmithhaslivedheresince1998.

史密斯先生自从1998年就住在这。since,for1.Weusuallyhavelunch______noon.2.LinTaowasborn______February18th.3.Annsits_____myright,______Kate'sleft.Shesits___________us.4.Myfatherisleaving______Suzhoutomorrow.5.Wemustlearn_______eachother.atonononbetweenforfrom用适当的介词填空6.Theywent_________thegateandenteredthegarden.7.Wecandoallthings_______ourhands.______theendofthelastcap，hecaughtup_____theothers.9.Bekind_____people.Don'tshout_____people.10.Lastmonthheworked_____ateacher_____threeweeks.throughwithAtwithtoatasfor1.Hisfatherisveryangry_________him

hisstudy.A.at，withB.with，atC.to，aboutD.about，to2.Paperismade_________wood.A.fromB.ofC.byD.in3.Thebasketisfull_________apples.A.withB.ofC.inD.by4.Katecan'tcome.Let'saskweiHuainstead______her.A.ofB.forC.toD.with5.Theheavyrainstoppedme___gettingtoschoolontime.A.toB.fromC.onD.forBABAB6.LiLida'sparentsareveryproud_________theirson.A.toB.inC.forD.of7.Thefoxlookedup_________acocksitting

thetree.A.to，inB.at,inC.for，onD.at，on8.Pleasewait_________thebusstopnearmyhome.A.forB.atC.nextD.infront9.Whereisyourbikemade_________?A.inB.fromC.ofD./10.Whentheredlightison，it'sdangeroustogo_____thestreet.A.acrossB.throughC.crossD.toDBBDA11.Heisrich_____unhappy.A.orB.andC.soD.but12.Takearest______youfinishthework.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.while13.Youcan'tpasstheexam,______youstudyhard.A.ifB.ofC.unlessD.and14.______ourteamtriedbest,____wefailed.A.Though,butB.Because,soC.If,andD.Though,/15.Don'tgetoff_______thebusstops.A.whenB.afterC.untilD.soDBDCC16.Thereisagoodplay______TVthisevening.A.onB.byC.in17.Howfarisit____Guangzhou____Beijing?

A.from…toB.from…forC.away…to

18.Japanlies_____theeastofChina.A.toB.inC.on19.Mr.BrownhasgonetoCanada.Hewillbeback___towweeks.A.forB.afterC.in

20.A:Whattimedidyougettherethismorning?B:____eight.A.InB.AtC.On21.Weallagree_____you.Let’sstartatonce.

A.toB.fo