Book8-Unit-2-课文单词-课件-人教新课标高中英语选修八

Unit2

Cloningdifferv.不同，相异；不同意、意见不一致→differencen.不同→

differentadj.不同的→adv.differently拓展：

differfrom=bedifferentfrom与…不同differin=bedifferentin在…方面不同

differwithsbon/aboutsth与某人在某事上意见不同

makea/no/somedifference（to）有/无/一些关系（影响、作用）tellthedifferencebetween….and….区分…..和…..的不同eg:AmericanandBritishEnglishdifferinmanysmallways.It’seasytotellthedifferencebetweenbutterandmargarine.(人造黄油)Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencetomewhetheryougoorstay.2.exact(adj)——（adv）exactly

tobeexact:确切地说，精确地说eg:Tobeexact,hecangiveyoumanythingsyouwant.

Tobefrank,tobehonest,tobesure,等短语不做句子的成分，它们只是插入语，去掉它们不影响句子的结构。3

undertake

vt.着手；从事；承担；接受；同意→__undertook__(过去式)→__undertaken__(过去分词)→__undertaking__n．任务；事业undertakeatask/project

承担一个任务/项目undertaketodosth承诺/答应做某事undertakesth承担/从事/负责某事undertakethat…

承诺/答应……Sheundertookfullresponsibilityforthenewchanges,DrJonsonundertookthetaskofwritingacomprehensiveEnglishdictionarywillingly.HeundertooktofinishjobbyFriday.Itisadifficulttasktoundertake.【考点训练】——单句语法填空(1)Theproject__________________(undertake)bytheyoungengineeronhisownturnedouttobeverysuccessful.(2)Themanundertook___________(look)afterthechildrenwhilehiswifecouldgotothefitclubwithherfriends.undertakentolook5.altogetheradv.总共；完全地

①entirely彻底地；完全地②completely完全地；全面地

③totally完全地；总共④wholly完全地

⑤fully完全地；充分地eg:Therearealtogether40studentsintheclass.Thetrainwentslowerandsloweruntilitstoppedaltogether.6

object

vi.反对；不赞成n．物体；目标objection

n．不赞成；反对；异议objective

adj.客观的；无偏见的主观的：subjective(1)objecttosb/sth

反对/不赞成某人/某事objectto(sb)doingsth

反对(某人)做某事objectthat…

提出……作为反对的理由；抗辩说……(2)raise/voice/make/anobjectionto(doing)sth

对(做)某事提出异议have/makean/noobjectionto(doing)sth

反对/不反对(做)某事eg:Iobjectedthathewastooyoungfortheposition.反对：oppose,beopposedto,beagainst支持：Infavorof,support,befor,

bother

vt.打扰vi.操心n．烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人

(1)botherdoingsth/todosth花费时间/精力做某事botherwith/aboutsth为某事花费时间/精力bothersbwithsth让某人为某事烦恼Itbotherssbtodosth/that…

使某人苦恼的是……(2)putsbtobother给某人添乱【提示】(1)bother作“麻烦；困难”讲时是不可数名词；作“令人烦恼的事或人”讲时是可数名词。(2)bother表示“花费时间/精力”时，常用于否定句和疑问句中。①ItbothersmethatIamunabletospendenoughtimewithmyoldparentsthoughI'meagertotakegoodcareofthem.尽管我很想照顾好年迈的父母，但让我苦恼的是我没有足够的时间陪伴他们。②Notwantingtoputtheirsontoanybother,theoldcouplemadealivingallbythemselves.因为不想给儿子添乱，那对老夫妇完全依靠自己谋生。【考点训练】——单句语法填空(1)Heathcliffwasusedtobeingoutsideallday,anddidnotbother__towash__(wash)orchangehisclothes.(2)Hedidn'twanttobotherher__with__hisfinancialproblemsontheirhoneymoon.(3)SinceImovedherelastmonth,manynoisyneighbours__havebeenbothering__(bother)me.单句语法填空(1)Jamesisyourbestfriend,soIhavenoobjectiontohim

____

(come)tostay.(2)Weobjectto_____________(blame)forsomethingthatwehaven'tdone.【提示】

object表示“反对”，为不及物动词，接宾语时后面需加介词to；oppose表示“反对”，为及物动词。comingbeingblamed8

forbid

vt.(forbade/forbad；forbidden)禁止；不准(1)forbiddoingsth禁止做某事forbidsbsth禁止某人某事forbidsbtodosth禁止/阻止某人做某事forbidsbfromdoingsth禁止某人做某事(2)forbidden

adj.禁止的；不准的It'sforbiddentodosth禁止做某事ForbiddenCity紫禁城【提示】forbid后不能直接跟动词不定式作宾语，但可以直接跟动名词作宾语，也可以用forbidsbtodosth形式，有类似用法的动词还有allow,permit,advise等eg:Nobodycanforbidourmarriage.HehasevenforbiddenmefrommeetingmyfriendsonlineattheInternetcafé.Iwillforbidyoutoleaveunlessyouapologizeforwhatyouhavedone.Heforbidssmokingduringofficehours.Shewasforbiddentogooutinthemidnight.【考点训练】——单句语法填空(1)Iwillforbidyou__________(leave)unlessyouapologizeforwhatyouhavedone.(2)He_____________(forbid)toleavethehouseasapunishment.(3)Ithinkitnecessarytoforbidshopsandsupermarkets________offeringfreeplasticshoppingbags.【写作微技能】——句式升级(4)那个小孩被禁止外出，因此他无事可做只能看动漫。①普通表达：Thechild__________________________,sohehadnothingtodobutwatchcartoons.②高级表达：___________________,thechildhadnothingtodobutwatchcartoons.(分词短语作状语)toleavewasforbiddenfromwasforbiddentogooutForbiddentogoout9

owe

vt.欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于……

(1)owesbsth/owesthtosb欠某人某物owe…to把……归功于……oweittosbthat…

多亏某人……(2)owingto＝becauseof因为，由于(后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语，构成介词短语，表示原因)Hestilloweshisfather50yuan/50yuantohisfather.Iowehimanapology./Ioweanapologytohim.Owingtotherain,theycouldnotcome.He

owes

hisgoodhealth

to

hisregularlife.【考点训练】——单句语法填空(1)MyEnglishteacherissuchagreatsoul,_______whomIowemanythanks.(2)Iowe________toyouthatIhavemadegreatprogressinmyEnglish.toit10.bother

vt.打扰vi.操心n．烦扰；令人烦恼的事或人

，bother作“麻烦；困难”讲时是不可数名词；作“令人烦恼的事或人”讲时是可数名词。

bothersbabout/withsth

使烦恼；使苦恼

can’tbebotheredtodosth

嫌麻烦而不为；偷懒

Whybother

没有必要吧；何苦那么麻烦

Whatabother!讨厌！Don’tbother(yourself)about/withsmallthings.用不着为这些琐事烦恼。

ThegrassneedscuttingbutIcan’tbebotheredtodoittoday.Hedidn’tbothertoanswerthequestion.他懒得回答这个问题。--I‘llgotothepostofficetomailthisparceltoAnn.-----Whybother?I’llseeheratdinnerthisevening.Don’tbothermewhileI’mreading.我看书的时候别打扰我。Darebeneficial

areofgreatbenefit⑴Thispaidoffbecauseshewonanawardforthereport.⑵Whatmadehimhappywasthatafteralltheseyearsheatlastpaidoffallhisdebts.payoff有回报还清(债务)短语聚焦2.castv.投；抛；扔；投射（光/视线等）过去式

cast过去分词

cast

castdown使失望，使沮丧

becastdown沮丧的castaway抛弃Thefishermen

cast

theirnetsintothesea.Shecastalookat

thewoman.Cloningscientistswerecastdown

tofindthatDolly’sillnessesweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal.其他表示沮丧的词？feeldown/getsb.down

favour/favordosb.afavour帮某人一个忙owesb.afavour欠某人一个人情infavourof赞成，主张inone’sfavour对某人有利LiuJianfu，aseniorresearcherwithGuangdongUniversityofForeignStudies，saidhewasinfavorofreducingthehomeworkburdenonstudents.4.(be)boundto(do)一定或注定(做)……；有责任或义务(做)……

(1)bindv．(bound,bound)捆；绑；约束(2)beboundupin忙于……；热衷于……beboundupwith与……有密切关系Dolly'sdeath,likeherbirth,wasboundtoraiseworries.(教材P14)多莉的死，正如它的出生一样，注定带来忧虑。【考点训练】——单句语法填空(1)He'stooboundup____hisworktohavemuchtimeforhischildren.(2)Herillnessisboundup____thepressurefromherstudyandwork.inwith

1.__carry__v.携带→__carrier__n．携带者，搬运工，运输工具2._correction__n.改正；纠正，修正→__correct__

adj.正确的，恰当的，v.改正，校正

→correctly

adv.正确地

→

incorrectly

adv.不正确地3.medium__n.媒体；手段→__media__

媒体；手段(pl)→__themedia__大众传媒媒体(如电视，报纸）4．__obtain__vt.获得；赢得→__obtainable__adj.可获得的；能取得的5．__accumulate__vi.&vt.积累；聚积→__accumulation__n．积累；增加6．__retire__vi.退休；离开→__retirement__n．退休7．__assumption__n．假定；设想→__assume__vt.假定；设想8．__regulation__n．规则；规章；法规→__regulate__vt.调节；管理9.cut（v）→过去式

cut

→过去分词

cut

→(n）剪枝，剪报，剪纸cutting10.identityn.同一性，身份→

identicaladj.同一的，一