Book2Unit1grammar教学讲解课件

Grammar关系词成分作用主语动词宾语(可省)介词宾语定语

状语定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的成分

(做主语、宾语或状语）第三选择合适的关系代词或关系副词who,that,whichwhom,who,that,whichwhom,whichwhosewhen,where,why用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空.1.Theteachers________arepresentatourclassareallexperiencedteachers.2.Ihatejobs___________isboring.3.Haveyougoteverything_______youneed?4.Therearemanytreesunder______theycanhavearest.5.Thehouse______windowsfacesouthismine.6.Thehouseof_____thewindowsfacesouthismine.7.Thewoman_____________hemetishisMon.

.

whose

which/that(whom/who/that)(that)

whichwho/thatwhich8.Theschool______wearestudyingisveryfamous.9.Guilinisacity____hasahistoryof2000years.10.Iwillneverforgettheday_____weworkedtogether11.Iwillneverforgettheday_____wespenttogether.12.Thereason____hewaslateisnottrue.13.Thereason_____hetoldmeisnottrue.14.._weallknow,ourschoolisover100yearsold.15.Themanto_____Iwastalkingismyteacher.wherewhomAswhichwhichwhenwhythat/whichtheschool在从句中作状语

acity在从句中作主语

Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.

(Shehasmorethantwobrothers.)

她有两个弟弟在这个城市工作。b)Shehastwobrothers,

whoareworkinginthecity.

(Shehasonlytwobrothers.)

她有两个弟弟,他们在这个城市工作。Lookatthesentencesandfindthedifferencemeanings下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差，意义大相径庭。Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.

他不穿衣服,这会使他显得与众不同。限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语,如果去掉,主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。限制性定语从句中作宾语的关系代词常可省略。如:a)Whatisthenameofthetallwomanwhoisstandingthere?站在那边的那个女人叫什么名字?b)Torontoisacity(that)I'vealwayswantedtovisit.多伦多是我常想去参观的一个城市。2.非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切,只是对先行词作些附加的说明,如果去掉,主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开,一般不用that引导。非限制性定语从句中,关系词不可省略。如：Rome,whichisthecapitalofItaly,hasaverylonghistory.意大利的首都罗马历史非常悠久。

Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldier

alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她还有其他哥哥)比较下列句子:Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她只有一个哥哥)

Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。(意含:不带插图的书则不一定写得好)Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有的书都带插图,这些书都写得很好。(意含:没有不带插图的书)3.大多数限制性和非限制性定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语,而特殊场合非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句常由which引导。eg.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,which

frightenedmeverymuch.一个中年女子杀害了其丈夫，这事令我十分恐惧。析:从语境可知，令我恐惧的内容应为中年女子杀害了其丈夫这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导定语从句。eg.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,which

surprisesallthepeoplepresent.一个五岁的男孩会讲两门外语,令所有在场的人感到非常惊讶。析:从语境可知,令所有在场的人感到惊讶的内容是一个五岁男孩会讲两门外语这整个一件事，因此先行词为整个主句，此时应由which引导非限制性定语从句。用适当的关系词填空.1).______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.2).Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhichas

与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。3).Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.4).Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat归纳：as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。小试牛刀篇non-restrictiveattributiveclausecompetition

Hangzhouisabeautifulcity,_____________peoplevisitthefamousWestLake.2.Beijing,_________isthecapitalofChina,hasaverylonghistory.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Theyoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,________isapopstar.ExerciseswhichAswhowhere/inwhich5.Ishouldthankmyteacher,with______help,Isolvedtheproblem.6.HeonceworkedontheBird’sNest,___________hissonisproud.whoseofwhichShewasalwaysspeakinghighlyofherroleintheplay,ofcourse,_____madetheothersunhappy.whichB.whoC.thisD.what2.AfterlivinginParisforfiftyyearshereturnedtothesmalltown_______hegrewupasachild.whichB.whenC.thatD.whereA

D

练一练3.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom4.Pleasetakeanyseat____isfree.A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.thatB

D

5.Theoldmanhastwosons,_______isasoldier.A.oneofwhomB.bothofthemC.allofwhomD.noneofthem6.NewYorkisfamousforitssky-scrapers(摩天大楼)_____hasmorethan100storeys.A.thehigherofthemB.thehighestofwhichC.thehighestofthemD.someofwhichA

B

7.Myhomevillageisnolongerthesame_____itusedtobe.A.whichB.asC.whereD.when8.IntheofficeIneverseemtohavetimeuntilafter5:30p.m.,______manypeoplehavegonehome.A.whosetimeB.thatC.atwhichD.bywhichtimeBD9.Theboy______compositionwonthefirstprizeistheyoungestinthegroup.A.whoB.whoseC.thatD.which10.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,______wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.itB

B11.Mr.Wangisaboss,______factoryLiPingworked.A.inwhoseB.whoseC.inwhomD.ofwhich12.Idon’tliketheway_____youspeaktoher.A./B.thatC.inwhichD.All(A,B,andC)A

D

13.Ishallneverforgettheyears_______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,______hasagoodeffectonmylife.A.that,whichB.when,whichC.which,thatD.when,who14._____isknowntoall,Chinawillbeanadvancedandpowerfulcountryin20or30year’stime.A.WhatB.ThatC.AsD.ItB

C

15.Isthisbook_____youwanttoborrowfromthelibrary?A.thatB.whichC.theoneD./16.Suchabook______youshowedmeisdifficulttounderstand.A.thatB.whichC.asD.likeC

C

17.Thespeakerspokeofsomewritersandsomebooks_____werepopularthen./B.thatC.whichD.who18.Thisisthestore____wevisitedthefamousshopassistants.A.whereB.thereC.thatD.whichB

A

19.I’mgoingtospendmyholidayinBeijing,_____myoldparentslive.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.there20.Ifas