石油与天然气地质专业英语分类词汇表

PAGEPAGE10/73目录总类。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。41.油气地质勘探总论。。。。。。。。。。。。77111415212225272929323334地质年代。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。。补充岩性，岩石学-3-总类petroleumandgasgeologyandexplorationpetroleumgeophysicsgeophysicalwellloggingpetroleumengineering钻井工程drillingengineeringoil-gasfielddevelopmentandexploitationpetroleumprocessingpetrochemicalprocessingoffshoreoiltechniqueoilandgasgathering-transportationandstorageengineeringpetroleumdrillingandproductionequipmentoilfieldchemistryhydrocarbonreservoiroilreservoir气藏gasreservoir商业油气藏(又称工业油气藏)commercialhydrocarbonreservoir油气田oil-gasfieldoilfieldgas大油气田largeoil-gasfield特大油气田(又称巨型油气田)giantoil-gasfield岩石物性physicalpropertiesofrock岩石物理学petrophysics野外方法fieldmethod野外装备fieldequipment石油petroleumnaturaloilartificialcrudeoil原油性质oilproperty石蜡基原油paraffin-basecrude[oil]环烷基原油(又称沥青基原油)naphthene-basecrude[oil]中间基原油(又称混合基原油)intermediate-basecrude[oil]芳香基原油aromatic-basecrude[oil]-4-含硫原油sulfur-bearingcrude,sourcrude拔头原油toppedcrudeheavycrude[oil]waxycrude[oil]syntheticcrude凝析油condensate,condensedoil原油分析crudeoilanalysis,crudeassay原油评价crudeoilevaluationoilcolouroildensityAPIAPIdegreeBaumédegreebitumenasphaltasphaltene胶质gum熔点meltingpoint倾点pourpoint凝点freezingpointflashpoint燃点firepointcloud液化天然气liquifiednaturalgas,LNG天然气naturalgaswetgasdrygassour净气(又称甜气)sweetgas伴生气associatedgasabsolutehumidityofnaturalgasrelativehumidityofnaturalgasnaturalgasdensity天然气溶解度naturalgassolubility天然气发热量calorificcapacityofnaturalgas天然气（燃烧）热值heatingvalueofnaturalgas凝析气condensategashydrocarbon轻烃lighthydrocarbon-5-烷烃paraffinhydrocarbon,alkane烯烃olefin,alkene环烷烃naphthenichydrocarbon芳香烃aromatichydrocarbon,areneoxygencompoundnitrogencompoundsulfurcompoundnaturalgasliquid,NGL液化石油气liquifiedpetroleumgas,LPG临界点criticalpointcriticalstatecriticalvolumecriticaltemperaturecriticalpressurecricondenthermcricondenbardewpoint露点曲线dewpointcurvehydrocarbondewpointequilibriumdewpointbubblepoint泡点曲线bubblepointcurvephasediagramofoil-gassystemretrogradeevaporation反凝析retrogradecondensationsaturatedvaporpressureturbulentflow层流laminarflow牛顿流体Newtonianfluidnon-Newtonianfluidplasticfluidpseudoplasticfluidpowerlawfluidshearrateyielddynamicviscoisityabsoluteviscosity-6-relativeviscosityobserventdensity双电层(又称偶电层)electrostaticdoublelayer水合作用(又称水化作用)hydration生物降解(作用)biodegradation1.油气地质勘探总论geologyofoilandgaspetroleumgeologygeologyofnaturalgaspetroleumgeochemistryreservoirgeology油气田地质学geologyofoilandgasfieldhydrogeologyofoilandgasfieldappliedgeophysicsexplorationofoilandgasgeologicalexplorationgeophysicalexplorationgeochemicalexplorationoffshorepetroleumexplorationgeothermalexploration数学地质(学)mathematicalgeology遥感地质remote-sensinggeology实验室分析laboratoryanalysisassessmentofpetroleumresources2.含油气盆地构造学structuralgeologygeotectonicsplatetectonicsgeodynamicsgeomechanicsstructure构造作用tectonism地壳运动crustalmovementhorizontalmovementverticalmovemen造ft运动orogeny-7-造陆运动epeirogeny构造模式structuralmodel构造样式(又称构造风格)structuralstyle构造类型tectonictype构造格架tectonicframework应力型式stresspattern压(缩)应力compressivestress张应力tensilestress剪应力shearstress挤压作用compression拉张作用extension压扭作用(又称压剪)transpression张扭作用(又称张剪)transtension左旋sinistralrotation,leftlateral右旋dextralrotation,rightlateral地幔隆起mantalbulge地幔柱mantalplume结晶基地crytallinebasement沉积盖层sedimentarycovertectonictectonicunitgeosyncline地台(曾用名陆台)platform克拉通cratonparageosynclineparaplatformshield地块massifgeosynclinegeoanticlineplatformsynecliseplatformanticliseupliftswell,convexplacanticline-8-fold阶地terracestrcturalnoseanticlinesynclinedomerolloveranticlinedragfold披覆褶皱(又称披盖褶皱)drapefold底辟构造(又称刺穿构造)diapiricstructure盐丘saltdome刺穿盐丘saltdiapirhalokinesisfault断层生长指数faultgrowthindexcontemporaneousfault,synsedimentaryfault,growthfaultnormalfaultreversefaultthrust上冲断层(逆掩断层)overthrust下冲断层underthrust上冲席overthrustsheetstrike-slipfaulttransformfaultdip-slipfaultgraben地垒horst半地堑(又称箕状凹陷)half-graben推覆体nappe整合conformityunconformitydisconformityblockfaultinggravitationalslidingtaphrogeny板块运动platemovement-9-AA-subductionBB-subductionsubduction仰冲obduction板块边界plateboundary离散边界divergentboundaryconvergentboundarytrnsformboundarycontinentalmarginactivecontinentalmarginpassivecontinentalmargincontinentaldrift板块碰撞platecollisioncontinentalaccretionislandarc海沟trenchtrench-arc-basinsystemfore-arcbasinback-arcbasin,retroarcbasininterarcbasinmarginalseabasinaulacogen斜坡盆地slopebasincontinent-marginalfaultedbasincontinental-marginaldeltabasinriftbasin内克拉通盆地intracratonicbasinperipheralforelandbasinretroarcforelandbasinbrokenforelandbasinftpiedmontdepressionbasincompositebasinft间盆地intermontainebasin残留大洋盆地remnantoceanbasinprotoceanicriftbasinnascentoceanbasin深海平原盆地dep-seaplainbasin-10-transtensionalbasintranspressionalbasinpull-apartbasin洋壳型盆地ocean-crusttypebasintransition-crusttypebasincontinental-crustbasinpolycyclicbasinblockfaultbasingrabenbasin含油气大区petroliferousprovincepetroliferousbasinpetroliferousregionpetroleumaccumulationbasinanalysisbasinnumericalsimulation3.含油气盆地沉积学sedimentologysediment沉积岩sedimentaryrock沉积作用sedimentation,deposition沉积分异作用sedimentarydifferentiationsedimentarycycle,depositional-cyclesyngenesis成岩作用diagenesis成岩阶段diageneticstage后生作用(又称晚期成岩作用)epigenesist,catagenesis变生作用(曾用名深变作用)metagenesisclasticrock,detritalrocksandstonesiltstoneconglomerate角砾岩breccia火ftpyroclasticrock,volcanoclasticrockcarbonaterock石灰岩limestonedolomite,dolostonemarl-11-argillitemudstoneshalesaltrockcaustobiolithdepocenter沉降中心subsidingcenterlithofaciespalaeogeographysedimentaryenviromentsedimentarysystem,depositionalsystemsedimentaryfacies岩相lithofacies生物相biofacies地球化学相geochemicalfaciesfaciesmarkerfaciesmodelfaciesanalysisft麓洪积相piedmontpluvialfacies碎屑流沉积debrisflowdeposit泥石流沉积mud-debrisflowdeposit冲积扇相alluvialfanfacies河流相fluvialfacies辩状河沉积braidedstreamdepositmeanderingstreamdepositanastomosedstreamdepositchannel-lagdeposit凸岸坝沉积(又称“点砂坝沉积”、“边滩沉积”)poitbardepositmid-channelbardepositnaturalleveedepositcrevasse-splaydeposit废弃河道沉积abandonedchanneldeposit牛轭湖沉积oxbowlakedeposit河漫滩沉积(又称洪泛平原沉积)flood-plaindeposit侧向加积lateralaccretion垂向加积verticalaccretion-12-lacustrinefaciessalt-lakefaciesglacialfaciesdesertfacies风成沉积eoliandeposit海相marinefaciesabyssalfaciesbathyalfaciesneriticfacies浅海陆架相neriticshelffacies滨海相littoralfacies陆相nonmarinefacies,continentalfaciescoastalduneinteriordunedesertdune正常浪基面(又称正常浪底)normalwavebase风暴浪基面(又称风暴浪底)stormwavebase过渡相transitionfacies三角洲相deltafacies扇三角洲相fan-deltafaciesdeltaplain,deltaicplaindeltafront,deltaicfrontprodeltaconstructivedeltadestructivedeltarivermouthbardistalbarfingerbardeltafrontsheetsandinterdistributarybaydepositestuarydeposit澙湖相(又称泻湖相)lagoonfacies蒸发岩相evaporitefacies潮滩(又称潮坪)tidalflat潮汐通道tidalchannel潮汐三角洲todaldelta潮上带supratidalzone-13-潮间带intertidalzone潮下带subtidalzone塞卜哈环境Sabkhaenviroment()shoalbeachbeach岸堤bankbarrierislandturbidityturbiditeturbiditefaciessublacustrinefansubmarinefan鲍马序列Boumasequence碳酸盐台地carbonateplatform局限海restrictedsea广海(又称开阔海)opensea陆表海epicontinentalsea,epeiricsea陆缘海pericontinentalsea边缘海marginsea盆地相basinfacies深海平原abyssalplain广海陆架相openseashelffacies台地前缘斜坡相platformforeslopefacies生物丘相biohermalfacies生物礁相organicreeffaciesshoalfaciesofplatformmargin4.油气性质石油荧光性oilfluorescence石油旋光性oilrotarypolarization石油灰分oilash钒-镍比vanadiumtonickelratio,V/Ni游离气freegas溶解气dissolvedgas沼气marshgas泥火ftmudvolcanogas惰性气inertgas-14-固体沥青solidbitumen基尔沥青kir高氮沥青algarite地沥青maltha石沥青asphalt硬沥青gilsonite脆沥青grahamite焦性沥青impsonitegraphitoid,schungiteasphaltization碳青质()carbenecarboid总烃totalhydrocarbon岩屑气cuttinggasadsorbedhydrocarbondissolvedhydrocarbonfreebitumen束缚沥青fixedbitumen抽提沥青extractablebitumen氯仿沥青chloformbitumen酒精-苯沥青alcohol-benzenebitumen甲醇-丙酮-苯抽提物(简称MAB抽提物)methanol-acetone-benzeneextractdispersedbitumenfluorescentbitumen5.油气成因无机成因论inorganicorigintheorycarbideuniversaltheorymagmatictheory(石油)pyrogenetictheoryserpontinizationtheoryorganicorigintheory动物论animaltheory植物论planttheory动植物混合论animal-planttheory干酪根降解论kerogendegragationtheory分散有机质dispersedorganicmatter-15-前身物precursorsapropelicsubstancesaproficationhumicsubstance腐殖酸humicacid腐殖化作用humification干酪根(曾用名油母质、油母)kerogen腐泥型干酪根(又称Ⅰ型干酪根)sapropel-typekerogen,Ⅰ-typekerogen混合型干酪根(又称Ⅱ型干酪根)mixed-typekerogen,Ⅱ-typekerogen腐殖型干酪根(又称Ⅲ型干酪根)humic-typekerogen,Ⅲ-typekerogen显微组分(曾用名煤素质)maceral壳质组(又称稳定组)exinite,liptinite孢子体sporinitecutinitealginiteresinite结构镜质体teliniteinertinitemicrinitesclerotinitefusinitesemifusiniteamorphousherbaceouswoody煤质coaly还原环境reducingenvironment铁还原系数reducedcoefficientohferrite还原硫reducedsulfurauthigenicpyritesiderite有机质演化organicmatterevolution有机质成岩作用organicmatterdiagenesis-16-有机质后生作用(曾用名有机质退化作用)organicmattercatagenesis有机质变生作用organicmattermetagenesisorganicmattermetamorphismbiochemicaldegragation碳化作用carbonization生物化学生气阶段biochemicalgas-genousstage热催化生油气阶段thermo-catalyticoil-gas-geneousstagethermo-crackingcondensate-geneousstagedeeppyrometricgas-geneousstageimmaturephasematurephase过熟期postmaturephase生油门限thresholdofoilgeneration液态窗(又称主要生油期)liquidwindow死亡线deathline海相生油marineorigin陆相生油nonmarineorigin二次生油secondarygenerationofoil烃源岩(曾用名生油气岩)sourcebed油源岩(曾用名生油层)oilsourcebed气源层(曾用名生气层)gassourcebed油源层系(曾用名生油层系)oilsourcebedeffectivesourcebedpotentialsourcebedoilshale生油指标sourcerockindex有机质丰度organicmatterabundance有机碳organiccarbon耗氧量oxygenconsumption成熟作用maturation有机质成熟度organicmattermaturity有机变质程度leveloforganicmetamorphism,LOM时间-温度指数time-temperatureindex,TTI镜质组反射率(符号Ro)vitrinitereflectance定碳比carbonratio孢粉颜色指数sporopollencolorindex热变指数thermalalterationindex,TAI-17-牙形石色变指数conodontalterationindex,CAI碳优势指数carbonpreferenceindex,CPI奇偶优势odd-evenpredominance,OEP正环烃成熟指数normalparaffinmaturityindex,NPMI环烷烃指数naphtheneindex,NI芳香烃结构分布指数aromaticstructuralindex,ASI自由基浓度numberoffreeradical电子自旋共振信号electronspinresonancesignal,ESRsignal顺磁磁化率paramagneticsusceptibility自旋密度spindensity转化率transformationratio,hydrocarbon-generatingratiobitumencoefficientoil-generatingratiogas-generatingratio生油量oil-generatingquantity生油潜量potentialoil-generatingquantity氢碳原子比hydrogentocarbonatomicratio,H/C氧碳原子比oxygentocarbonratio,O/C源岩评价仪Rock-Eval氢指数hydrogenindex,HI氧指数oxygenindex,OIoilandresourcerockcorrelationgasandresourcerockcorrelationgeochemicalfossil指纹化合物fingerprintcompound[化合biomarker,biologicalmarkerbiologicalconfigurationgeologicalconfigurationstereoisomerism立体异构体stereoisomer,stereomer甾类steroid甾烷steranenorsteranecholestanesitstane豆甾烷stigmastane粪甾烷coprostane-18-麦角甾烷ergostane正常甾烷(规则甾烷)regularsterane重排甾烷rearrangedsterane孕甾烷pregnane萜类(又称萜族化合物)terpenoid萜烷terpanetricyclicterpanetetracyclicpentacyclictriterpanehopanenorhopanelupane莫烷moretanenormoretaneλgammaceraneoleananeulsaneabietanecadinanedrimane海松烷pimaranepodocarpanesqualane甾烷—steranetohopaneratiosesquiterpene二萜diterpene三萜triterpenepolyterpene胡萝卜烷carotaneisoprenoidisoprenoidhydrocarbonphytane姥鲛烷pristanepristanetophytaneratio,Pr/Phnorpristane-19-farnesaneporphyrin天然气成因类型genetictypesofnaturalgas无机成因气inorganicgeneticgas,abiogeneticgas火ftvalcanicgasdeepsourcegasmantlesourcegas岩浆岩气magmaticrockgasmetamorphicrockgasuniversalgasdecompositiongasofinorganicsaltorganicgeneticgassapropel-typenaturalgashumic-typenaturalgashumolith-typenaturalgasbiogenicgas,bacterialgaspetroliferousgascoaliferousgascoal-geneticgascoal-measurecoalseamgassapropel-typecrackinggashumic-typecrackinggasunconventionalgas地热气geothermalgas饱气带aerationzone异丁烷—正丁烷比isobutanetonormalbutaneratio正庚烷normalheptane甲基环己烷methylcyclohexane二甲基环戊烷dimethylcyclopentane庚烷值heptanevaluemethanecoefficientdryingcoefficientcarbonisotope氢同位素hydrogenisotope氧同位素oxygenisotope氦同位素比率heliumisotoperatio-20-argonisotoperatio6.油气储集层储集岩reservoirrock储集层reservoirbed含油层oil-bearinghorizon含油层系oil-bearingsequence碎屑岩类储集层clasticreservoir碳酸盐岩类储集层carbonatereservoircrystallinereservoirargillaceousreservoirporous-typereservoirfracturedreservoir储层连续性reservoircontinuityreservoirheterogeneitycementationcementationbasalcementporouscementcontactchaoticcementdissolution压溶作用pressolutionreplacement，metasomatismdolomitizationdedolomitizationreservoirspaceprimaryporesecondarypore粒间孔隙intergranularpore粒内孔隙intragranularporebioskeletonporebioboringporebird’s-eyeporeintercrystallineporedissolvedporeintragranulardissolvedporeintergranulardissolvedpore-21-印模孔隙(曾用名溶模孔隙)moldicpore溶洞dissolvedcarverndissolvedfracturefracture,fissurestructuralfracturediageneticfracturepressolutionalfracturestylolite储层性质reservoirpropertysuper-capillaryintersticecapillaryinterstice微毛细管空隙micro-capillaryinterstice孔隙度porosity总孔隙度(又称绝对孔隙度)totalporosity有效孔隙度effectiveporosity裂缝密度fracturedensity裂缝系数fracturecoefficient裂缝强度指数fractureintensityindex,FIIpermeabilityDarcylawpore喉道throat盖层caprock夹层intercalatedbedbarrierbed,imperviousbedintrusivemercurydatadisplacementpressurebreakthroughpressurebreakthroughtime生储盖组合source-reservoir-caprockassemblage,SRCA旋回式生储盖组合cyclicSRCA侧变式生储盖组合lateralchangedSRCA同生式生储盖组合(又称自生自储式生储盖组合)syngeneticSRCA7.油气运移initialmigrationinternalmigrationexpulsion-22-primarymigrationsecondarymigrationlateralmigrationverticalmigrationregionalmigrationlocalmigrationsynchronousmigrationpostchronousmigrationmigrationdirectionmigrationpathwaymigrationdistancemigrationperiodcarrierbed水相waterphasehydrocarbonphasesolidphase油珠oildroplet连续油相oil-continuousphase气泡gasbubble气相gasphase排烃临界值(又称油气临界释放因子)expulsionthresholdvalueofhydrocarbon,criticalreleasefactorofoilandgas排烃效率expulsionefficientofhydrocarbon有效排烃厚度effectivethicknessofexpulsionhydrocarbon压实[作用]compaction初期压实阶段initialcompactionstagesteadycompactionstagesaltatorycompactionstageclosecompactionstageundercompactionshaleaquathermalpressuring渗析作用()osmosisclaydehydrationcrystallineinterlayerwateradsorbedwatertexturalwater-23-甲烷增生作用methaneaccreting,methanegenerating地层压力formationpressure上覆岩层压力overburdenpressure岩石压力rockpressure孔隙流体压力(又称孔隙压力)porefluidpressure地静压力geostaticpressure静水压力hydrostaticpressure动水压力(又称水动力)hydrodynamicpressure折算压力reducedpressure总水头(又称水势)totalhead承压水头pressurehead,confinedhead高程水头elevationhead压力系数pressurecoefficientrechargeareaconfinedareadischargeaquifer不透水层aquifuge自流水artesianwater承压水confinedwater土壤水soilwater潜水phreaticwater测压面piezometricsurface测势面potentiometricsurface静液面staticliquidleveldynamicliquidlevelphreaticwatertablehydraulicgradientpotentialanalysis气势分忻gaspotentialanalysis油势分析oilpotentialanalysis水势分析(又称总水斗分析)waterpotentialanalysisisopotentialsurfaceiaopressuresurfacetectonicforcebuoyancy扩散diffusion-24-异常高压(又称高压)abnormalpressure,overpressure异常低压subnormalpressure,subpressure地压geopressure地热geotherm,terrestrialheat地热田geothermalfield,terrestrialheatfield岩石热导率thermalconductivityofrock大地热流值terrestrialheatflowvalue地热梯度(又称地温梯度)geothermalgradientgeothermaldegree8.油气聚集圈闭trap有效圈闭effectivetrap隐蔽圈闭subtletrap成岩圈闭diagenetictrap水动力圈闭hydrodynamictrap压力封闭pressuresealgravitationaldifferentiationdifferentialaccumulationanticlinetheory集油面积collectingarea储油构造(又称含油构造)oil-bearingstructure储气构造gas-bearingstructure原生油气藏primaryhydrocarbonreservoir次生油气藏secondaryhydrocarbonreservoirstructuralhydrocarbonreservoiranticlinalhydrocarbonreservoir挤压背斜油气藏squeezedanticlinehydrocarbonreservoirplacanticlineanticlinehydrocarbonreservoirdiapiranticlinehydrocarbonreservoirrolloveranticlinehydrocarbonreservoirdrapeanticlinehydrocarbonreservoirsynclinalhydrocarbonreservoirfault-screenedhydrocarbonreservoirfaultblockhydrocarbonreservoir裂缝油气藏fracturedhydrocarbonreservoir盐丘遮挡油气藏saltdiapirhydrocarbonreservoir泥火ft遮挡油气藏mudvolcanoscreenedhydrocarbonreservoir-25-magmaticplughydrocarbonreservoirstratigraphichydrocarbonreservoir地层超覆油气藏stratigraphiconlaphydrocarbonreservoirstratigraphicunconformityhydrocarbonreservoir潜ftburiedhillhydrocarbonreservoirbasementhydrocarbonreservoir生物礁块油气藏reefhydrocarbonreservoir,biohermhydrocarbonreservoir岩性油气藏lithologichydrocarbonreservoirlithologicpinchouthydrocarbonreservoirlithologiclenticularhydrocarbonreservoirpalaeochannelhydrocarbonreservoirpalaeooffshorebarhydrocarbonreservoirbandedhydrocarbonreservoirstratifiedstratifiedhydrocarbonreservoirmassivehydrocarbonreservoirirregularhydrocarbonreservoirkarsthydrocarbonreservoirasphalt-sealedoilreservoirsaturatedhydrocarbonreservoircondensategasreservoirparameterofanticlinalreservoirtrapvolumeclosureclosure溢ftspillpointheightofhydrocarbonpoolheightofhydrocarbonreservoiroilcolumnheight气柱高度gascolumnheight气顶gascap边水edgewater底水bottomwaternet-paythicknessoil-bearingareagas-bearingarea纯油带面积areaofinner-boundaryofoilzone油水过渡带面积areaoftransitionalzonefromoiltowater含油边界oilboundary-26-含气边界gasboundary含水边界waterboundary油水界面water-oilboundary油气界面oil-gasboundary油藏描述reservoirdescriptionreservoirevaluation,poolevaluation9.油气地质勘探regionalexplorationindustrialexplorationpriliminaryprospecting详探detailedprospecting地质测量geologicalsurveystructuralgeologicalsurveygeologicalsection构造剖面structuralsectionregionalcomprehensivesection,regionalcompositecrosssectionregionalstratigraphiccorrelationlithologicalcorrelation古生物对比palaeontologicalcorrelationsedimentarycyclecorrelationplacermineralcorrelation元素对比elementcorrelationpaleomagneticcorrelationoutcropindicationofoilandgasoilandgasshowoilandgasseepageoilseepagegasseepageasphaltpitchlake沥青丘pitchmound沥青脉bituminousvein沥青砂(曾用名重油砂、焦油砂)tarsand油砂oilsand泥火ftmudvolcano地质模型geologicalmodel地质模拟geologicalmodelling-27-地下地质subsurfacegeology取心井coringhole参数井()parameterwellprospectingwell,exploratorywell预探井(曾用名野猫井)preliminaryprospectingwell,wildcat发现井discoverywell详探井detailedprospectingwell探边井delineationwell,extensionwell评价井assessmentwell,appraisalwell,evaluationwell开发井developmentwell生产井producingwell,producer注水井waterinjectionwell,injector注气井gasinjectionwell布井系统wellpattern单井设计welldesigncasingprogrammecementingwelltestingtestingfor试采productiontestingmarkerbedkeybeddatumbedtargetstratumgeologicalloggingcorelogging岩屑录并cuttinglogginglagtimeofcuttingdrilling-timeloggingdrillingrateloggingmudlogging荧光录井fluorescentloggingdrill-holeinclinationplanstratigraphiccorrelation含油级别oil-bearinggradecompletionprogrammetrapdiscoveryratio商业油气流commercialoilandgasflow油藏驱动机理(又称油层驱动机理)reservoirdrivemechanism-28-单井产量wellproductionrate年产量annualoutput,annualyield圈闭勘探成功率trapexplorationsuccessratio储量增长率reservesincreaseratio勘探效率explorationefficiency勘探成本explorationcostcostofprospectingwell10.油气地球化学勘探△碳法delta-carbonmethodK—VK-Vfingerprinttechniqueabsorbedhydrocarbonmethodgassurvey沥青测量bitumensurvey水化学测量hydrochemicalsurvey水文地球化学测量hydrogeochemicalsurvey细菌勘探bacteriaprospecting土壤盐测量soilsaltsuevey地殖物法geobotanicalmethod放射性测量radioactivesurveyoxidation-reductionpotentialmethod11.地震地层学regionalseismicstratigraphyreservoirseismicstratigraphysequencestratigraphy成因层序地层学geneticsequencestratigraphy年代地层学chronostratigraphy生物地层学biostratigraphy磁性地层学magnetostratigraphy地震岩性学seismiclithology横向预测lateralprediction确定性储层模拟deterministicreservoirmodeling随机性储层模拟stochasticreservoirmodeling地质统计储层模拟geostatiscalreservoirmodeling人机[交互]联作解释interactiveinterpretation反射终端(又称反射终止)reflectiontermination整一concordance不整一uncorncordance-29-上超onlap退覆offlap顶超toplapshallow-watertoplapdeep-watertoplapcoastalonlap深水上超deep-wateronlap下超downlap底超baselap削截(曾用名削蚀)truncation视削截(曾用名视削蚀)apparenttruncation沉积间断hiatus超层序supersequence层序sequence亚层序subsequence最大洪水界面maximumfloodingsurface缓慢沉积剖面(又称饥饿剖面)condensedsectionhighstandperiodlowstandperiodsystemtract低水位体系域lowsystemtract,LST海进体系域transgressivesystemtract,TST高水位体系城highsystemtract,HST陆架边缘体系域shelfmarginsystemtract,SMST盆底扇basinfloorfan斜坡扇slopefan滑塌块体slumpblock滑塌扇slumpfan楔状前积体wedge-progradingcomplex地震层序seismicsequence地震相seismicfacies反射结构reflectionconfigurationprogradationalreflectionconfigurationssigmoidprogradationconfiguration斜交前积结构obliqueprogradationconfiguration叠瓦状前积结构shingledprogradationconfiguration帚状前积结构brushprogradationconfiguration-30-杂乱前积结构chaoticprogradationconfiguration前积—progradation-retrogradationconfigurationnonprogradationalreflectionconfigurationparallelconfiguration亚平行结构subparrallelconfigurationhummockyconfigurationwaveconfigurationcontortedconfigurationdisruptedconfigurationdivergentconfigurationchaoticconfigurationreflection-freeconfigurationreflectionexternalform席状相sheetfaciessheetdrapefacieswedgedfaciesmoundedfaciesbankfacieslensfaciesslumpfacies火ftvalcanicmoundfaciesfilledfaciesreflectioncontinuityamplitudefrequencepolaritylithologicindexsandstonepercentcontentsand-pronefacies偏泥相shale-pronefacies地震相单元seismicfaciesunitseismicfaciesanalysisseismicfaciesmaplogfaciescorefacies钻井—drill-seismicfaciessectiondepositionalenvironmentmap-31-geneticstratigraphicunitchronostratigraphicunitlitho-electricstratigraphicunitisochronismdiachronismprospectresolutionpreservedamplitudeprocessingseismicmodel反演模拟inversemodeling相位phase零相位zerophase薄层thinbedtuningthicknessreflectionstrengthrelativevelocityabsolutevelocity油气检测hydrocarbondetection声阻抗差acousticimpedancedifferenceamplitudeversusoffset,AVO12.遥感地质地理遥感geographicalremotesensing航空遥感aerialremotesensing地球资源技术卫星earthresourcestechnologysatellite,ERTS地质卫星geologicsatellite海洋卫星Seasat陆地卫星LandsatAdvancedEarthResourcesObservationSystem,AEROS红外摄影infraredphotograph多谱段扫描系统multispectralscannersystem多谱段图象multispectralimage黑白图象monochrome彩色合成图象color-compositeimage,colorimagery波谱分析spectralanalysis地面分辨率groundresolution灰度grayscale-32-几何校正geometriccorrection波段比值图象bandratioimage高分辨率图象highresolutionimageautomatictargetrecognitionmapprojectiontransformationvectorization光栅—raster-tovectorconversiontrichromatictheoryofvisionvisualinterpretation动态图象分析dynamicimageanalysismarkofdirectinterpretationmarkofindirectinterpretationlinearstructure环形构造circularstructurelandformanalysisdrainagepattern构造异常structureanormalyhydrocarbonmicroseepage13.实验室分析rock-mineralidentificationplacermineralanalysisgrain-sizeanalysisclaymineralanalysisdifferentialthermalanalysis古生物鉴定paleontologyidentificationmicropaleontologyidentificationsporopollenidentificationostracodaidentificationconodontidentificationforaminiferaidentificationradiolariaidentificationcharophytaidentification古植物鉴定paleobotanyidentification钙质超微化石鉴定calc-nannofossilidentification有机质丰度测定organicmatterabundancemeasurement有机碳分析organiccarbonanalysis无机碳分析inorganiccarbonanalysis-33-有机质类型鉴定organicmattertypeidentification干酪根类型鉴定kerogentypeidentification有机质成熟度光学鉴定opticalidentificationoforganicmattermaturity镜质组反射率测定vitrinitereflectance孢粉颜色测定sporopollencolordetermination罐顶气分析headspacegasanalysis元素分析elementanalysis组分分析componentanalysis同位素分析isotopanalysis油气水分析oilgasandwateranalysis生物标志[化合]物鉴定biomarkeridentification扫描电镜scanningelectronmicroscopy,SEM透射电子显微镜transmittedelectronmicroscopy，TEM电子探针electronicprobemicroscopy薄片thinsection铸体（模）薄片castthinsection光薄（厚）polishedthin(thicksection阴极发光cathodoluminescencemicroscopy岩石快速热解分析Rock-Evalpyrolysis色谱分析chromatographicanalysis热解气相色谱法pyrolysisgaschromatography,PY-GC气相色谱-质谱法gaschromatography-massspectrometry,GC-MS串联质谱法tandemmassspectrometryinfraredabsorptionspectrometryatomicabsorptionspectrometryfluorescencespectrometryfluorescencemicroscopyXX-raydiffractometertransmittedlight分光光度法spectrophotometry原子吸收分光光度法atomabsorptionspectrophotometry显微光度法microphotometry激光显微光谱分析lasermicrospectrography能谱仪energyspectrometer同位素质谱分析mass-spectrometricanalysisforisotope流体包裹体分析系统fluid-inclusionanalysissystem热模拟试验thermalsimulatingtest-34-backscatteredelectronimage14.油气资源评价油气资源petroleumresources非常规油气资源unconventionalpetroleumresources储量reserves远景储量prospectivereserves潜在储量potentialreserves推测储量inferredreserves,possiblereserves可采储量（又称工业储量）recoverablereservesindustrialreserves控制储量（又称概算储量）probablereserves,estimatedreserves探明储量（又称证实储量）demonstratedreserves,provedreservesdevelopmentreserves已开发探明储量developedprovenreservesundevelopedprovenreservesremainingpetroleumin-placeoriginaloilin-place,OOIP天然气地质储量originalgasin-place,OGIPsolutiongasin-placecondensatein-placeproducingreserves剩余可采储量remainingrecoverablereservestabulatedreservesuntabulatedreservesunitreservesfactorreservesabundance累积产量cumulativeproduction容积法volumetricmethod物质平衡法materialbalancemethod有机碳法organiccarbonmethod氯仿沥青“A”chloroformbitumen“A”method烃类法hydrocarbonmethodpyrolysischromatographymethodaccumulativecoefficientmethodgeologicanalogymethod统计法statisticalmethodmathematicalsimulationmethodofkerogendegradation油藏体积法reservoirvolumemethod-35-沉积体积速率法sedimentaryvolumetricratemethod圈闭体积法trapvolumemethod蒙特卡洛法Monte-Carlomethodextrapolatedmethodofdiscoveryratioreservoirsizedistributionmethodfieldsizeordermethodregionalassessmentbasinassessmentplayassessmenttrapassessmentriskcoefficientriskanalysis敏感性分析sensitivityanalysis可行性分析feasibilityanalysissystematicapproachofresourceappraisal15地质年代上古生界upperPaleozoic早第三纪(的),下第三系(的)Paleogene第三纪Tertiary元古代,元古界proterozoic中生代mesozoic中新世的,中新统的Miocene渐新世,渐新统Oligocene始新世,第三纪下层Eocene古新世,古新统Paleocene早白垩纪lowerCretaceous侏罗纪的Jurassic三叠纪（的三叠系（的）Triassic二叠系（纪）Permian石炭系（纪）Carboniferous泥盆系（纪）Devonian下志留统lowerSilurian奥陶系Ordovician寒武系（纪）Cambrian16补充-36-油气包裹体hydrocarboninclusion流体包裹体fluidinclusionaqueousinclusionaqueousequilibriumauthigenic杂质，混合物，不纯impurity盐水brine沉淀作用,沉淀法,降水precipitation区域地质概况regionalgeology同生的，原生的，同源的connate均一化作用,均匀化作用,均质化作用homogenization共生次序,共生关系，共生paragenesis共生矿物mineralparagenesis共生序列parageneticsequencepetro-表示“石,岩”之义,表“含石油的”之义岩石记述学petrography温度测量,测温法,测温学thermometry次生加大overgrowth密封,密封墙,封闭seal裂缝,断裂,断陷，裂谷rift断裂作用，裂谷作用，断裂系，裂谷系riftinghighframework基质