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第=page11页,共=sectionpages11页2023年贵州省凯里重点中学高考英语模拟试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)AQatarWorldCupStadiums
Forthe2022WorldCup,Qatarhasgoneallouttobuildandrebuildeightbreathtakingstadiums.AllofthemarelocatedinitscapitalDohaandtheneighbouringcities,andwillhost32teamsin64matches.Theaveragecapacity(容量)ofthestadiumsisashighasover53,000.
Qatariofficialsmadeabudgetthattheymayneedtopayupto$10billiontocompletethestadiumsforthisWorldCup,buttheyhavemanagedtogetitdoneforless.ThecostforalleightWorldCupstadiumsstandsataround$6.5billion.
Allthestadiumsarepoweredbysolar-panelfarms,and,givenQatar'shotclimate,theircoolingsystemshavebeenparticularlydesigned.Infact,Qatar'sdevotiontosoundenvironmentalpracticeshasearnedallthestadiumsfourorfivestarsfromtheGlobalSustainabilityAssessmentSystem.It'salsoveryimpressive.
Herearefourstadiumsoftheeightmodernmarvels.
AlBaytStadium
Location:AlKhor.Cost:$847million.Capacity:60,000.$
Matchesplanned:Openingmatchandallmatchesthroughtothesemi-finals.
KhalifaInternationalStadium
Location:Aspire.Cost:374million.Capacity:40,000.
Matchesplanned:Groupmatches,roundof16,andplayoffforthirdplacegame.
LusailStadium
Location:Lusail.Cost:$767million.Capacity:80,000.$
Matchesplanned:Untilthefinalmatch.
Stadium974
Location:RasAbuAboud.Cost:Unknown.Capacity:40,000.
Matchesplanned:Groupmatchesandroundof16.1.HowmuchdoalleightQatarWorldCupstadiumscosttocomplete?______A.767million. B.$10billion.
C.$847million. D.about$6.5billion.$2.Inwhichcityisthefinalmatchof2022WorldCupheld?______A.AlKhor. B.Aspire. C.Lusail. D.RasAbuAboud.3.Whatdoallthelistedstadiumshaveincommon?______A.Theyholdthesamenumberofaudience.
B.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.
C.Theyareofthesamesizeanddesign.
D.TheyarefarawayfromthecapitalDoha.BYouwakeupinthemorningandrealizeyouforgottoputtheleftovermeatinthefridgebeforeyouwenttobedlastnight.Themeatisn'trawanditlooksfine,smellsfineandtastesfine,soeatingitshouldbefine,right?Unfortunately,itdoesn'tquiteworkthatway.
TheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture(USDA)notesthattherearetwotypesofbacteriainmeatandmeatproducts:pathogenicbacteriaandspoilagebacteria.Spoilagebacteriacausethefoodtostartsmellingandtastingstrange,butconsumingitwon'tharmyou.Pathogenicbacteria,ontheotherhand,areharmfulbacteriathatdon'taffectthetasteorsmellofthefoodinanywaybutcancauseyoutofallsick.
TheUSDAexplainsthatpathogenicbacteriathrivebetween4℃and40℃.Roomtemperatureusuallyfallsinthistemperaturerange,knownasthedangerzone.Inthistemperaturerange,pathogenicbacteriacansometimesdoubleinnumberwithinaspanof20minutes.Ifbacteriacandoubleinjust20minutes,imaginethenumbersifthemeathasbeenleftout.TheUSDAstatesthatanyfoodthathasbeenleftoutatroomtemperatureforovertwohoursshouldbediscarded.
Sincepathogenicbacteriadon'taffectthetaste,smellorsightofinanyway,youhavenowayofknowingwhetherthey'rethere.Youmayfeelbadaboutthrowingawaymeatthatperfectlyfine,butit'sbettertobesafethansorry.4.Whatpurposedoesthefirstparagraphserve?______A.Tobringupthetopicofthetext.
B.Todescribeacommonscene.
C.Tointroduceascientificquestion.
D.Toaskforsomeprofessionaladvice.5.Whichfoodmightcontainthemostpathogenicbacteria?______A.Porkjustcookedwithatemperatureof300℃.
B.Steakkeptinanaveragetemperatureofaround2℃.
C.Chickentakenfromthefridgewithatemperaturearound-8℃.
D.Beefleftonthetableovernightwithatemperatureabove10℃.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"thrive"inparagraph3mean?______A.Change. B.Reduce. C.Increase. D.Form.7.Whatmaythewriterexpectpeopletodowiththemeatwithpathogenicbacteria?______A.Tofeelsorryforthrowingitaway.
B.Togetridofitwithouthesitation.
C.Toeatitaftercookingitagain.
D.Tosmellitanddecidewhattodonext.CThefirstheartthatTalGoldsworthy,aBritishengineer,repairedwashisown.Andhiseffortsdonotonlysavehislifebutalsobringhopetothosewhoarefacedwiththesamesituation.
GolesworthywasbornwithaconditioncalledMarfan'ssyndrome,ageneticdisorderthatcausesproblemswitheyes,skeleton,andinTal'scase,hisheart.In1993,whenhewastoldheneededlife-savingheartsurgery,hesaidno."Theoperationreallydidn'tlookattractive,"saysGolesworthy.Whatheparticularlydidn'tlikewashavingtobeonbloodthinnersaftertheoperation,somethingthatwouldpreventbloodvessel(血管)blocksbutpresentsomeotherrisks;"Iwasridingmotorbikesthen,andskiing,somywholelifestylewouldhavebeenaffected."
By2000,however,hisconditionhadworsened.Realizingsomethinghadtobedone,Golesworthyputhisyearsofexperienceasresearch-and-developmentengineertogooduse.Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself."Learningnewstuffanddevelopingnewideas,thatwasmyjob,"Golesworthysays.
SoGolesworthydevotedhimselftosearchingforawaythatcouldsolvehisproblem.Followinghisnovelway,Golesworthysubjectedhimselfto30hoursinanMRIscanner,used3Dprintingtocreateaphysicalcopyofthefaultypartofhisheartandthenusedsofttextilemesh(网状物)tomakeasleevetofitaroundit.
Eventually,hisdeterminationcoupledwiththeoriginalyetpracticalsolutionwonhimthesupportoftwoleadingsurgeonsandhelpedhimraisethemoneytodevelophisidea.InMay2004,attheageof47,hebecamethesubjectforhisowninvention,theExoVascPersonalisedExternalAorticRootSupport(PEARS).Theoperationwasasuccess.IthassincebeenusedbysurgeonsintheUnitedKingdom,Ireland,Belgium,CzechRepublic,NewZealand,Australia,andtheNetherlands.
"Whenyou'reasmotivatedasIwas,"Golesworthysays,"youmakethingshappen."8.WhydidTalrefusetheheartoperationin1993?______A.Itwouldtakeuptoomuchtime.
B.Itwouldmakehimquithisjob.
C.Itwouldpreventhimenjoyinghishobbies.
D.Itwouldcosttoomuchmoney.9.WhatencouragedTaltothinkaboutfixinghimselfinitially?______A.Hisworkingexperienceasanengineer.
B.Hisknowledgeofmedicine.
C.Hiskeendesiretolearnnewthings.
D.Hissurgeonfriends.10.WhatkindofpersonisTal?______A.Pessimisticandactive. B.Braveandstubborn.
C.Aggressiveandhumorous. D.Professionalanddetermined.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?______A.Amansavinghimselfthroughhisownefforts.
B.ThestoryhowPEARSwasspreadtotheworld.
C.Theimportanceoftakingcareofhearthealth.
D.Waysforpeopletofixheartproblemsontheirown.DKidswhothinktheycangetsmarteriftheyworkhardaremorelikelytobouncebackfromtheirmistakesthanthosewhothinktheirlevelofintelligenceissetinstone,anewstudyfinds.
"Thismaybebecausekidswithaso-calledgrowthmind-set,whobelieveintelligenceischangeable,aremorelikelytofocusontheirmistakesthanthosewithafixedmind-set,whobelieveintelligenceisnotchangeable,"thestudyresearcherHansSchroderatMichiganStateUniversity,saidinastatement.
Inthestudy,theresearchersfirstasked123childrenquestionstoassesswhethertheyhadagrowthmind-setorafixedmind-set.Theythenaskedthechildrentocompleteafast-pacedcomputeraccuracytaskwhiletheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.Finally,theresearchersanalyzedthebrainresponsesthatoccurredwithinhalfsecondofthechildrenmakingamistakeonthetask.Ingeneral,abiggerbrainresponsemeansthatapersonispayingmoreattentiontoherorhismistakes,theresearcherssaid.
Thestudyfoundthatchildrenwithagrowthmind-setweremorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake,comparedwithchildrenwhohadafixedmind-set.Thissuggestedthatchildrenwithagrowthmind-setwerepayingmoreattentiontotheirmistakes,theresearcherssaid.What'smore,childrenwithsuchamind-setweremorelikelytoimprovetheiraccuracyonthetaskaftertheymadeamistake,comparedwithchildrenwhohadafixedmind-set,thestudyshowed.
Thestudyalsofoundthatchildrenwithafixedmind-setcouldstillimprovetheiraccuracyonthetask,butonlyiftheypaidcloseattentiontotheirmistakes.
Thefindingsmayhavesomepracticalimplicationsforparentsandteachers.
"Itisseeminglynaturalreactiontocomfortchildrenwhentheymakemistakes,butsomewaysofdoingthismaydistractchildrenfromlearningfromtheirmistakes,"theresearcherssaid.Insteadofshyingawayfromchildren'smistakes,parentsandteacherscouldofferthisadvice,"Mistakeshappen,solet'strytopayattentiontowhatwentwrongandfigureitout."Schrodersaid.12.Whatmaythekidswithgrowthmind-setthinkoftheirintelligence?______A.Itisunpredictable. B.Itisnotsetinstone.
C.Itisfixed. D.Itisaccurateinmind.13.Whatdoesparagraph3mainlytellusaboutthestudy?______A.Itsresults. B.Itsprocess.
C.Itsparticipants. D.Itscomparison.14.Whatcanwesayaboutthekidswithafixedmind-set?______A.Theybelievetheycangetsmarterifworkinghard.
B.Theycanneverimprovetheiraccuracyaftermakingamistake.
C.Theyhaveabiggerbrainresponseaccordingtotheirbrainactivity.
D.Theycanalsobeaccurateintasksifchangingtheirattitudetomistakes.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?______A.UnavoidableMistakes B.WaystoCorrectMistakes
C.ConcentratingonMistakes D.Benefitsofgrowthmind-set二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)9Mostpeoplesuffersomedegreeofanxietywhenpreparingforatest.(1)______.Whateveryourlevelofanxiety,learningtoreduceitisveryimportanttostudyeffectivelyforatest.Fortunately,thereareseveralstepsyoucantaketoreduceanxiety,whichwillbenefityourgradesandyouroverallmentalhealth.
Studyeffectively
Themosteffectivewaytostudyisattendingclassregularly,takinggoodnotes,doingyourhomework,andaboveallbeinganactivestudent.(2)______.Consequently,you'relesslikelytohaveexamanxiety.
(3)______
Waitinguntilthenightbeforeatesttostartstudyingislikelytoincreaseyouranxiety.Youwillnothavetimetoaskquestionsorfindlostinformation.Youlikelyfeelstressed,andareinabadsituation.Insteadofwaitinguntilthelastminute,startstudyingassoonasatestisscheduled.
Stayactive
Physicalactivitiesaregreatwaystoreduceanxiety(4)______.Theywillalsodistractyourmindfromthetestandstudying,soyourbrainwillhaveachancetorelaxandrefreshitself.Anyformofphysicalactivitieswillhaveabeneficialeffectonyouranxiety.
Getplentyofsleep
Sleepdeprivationisanothercauseofanxiety.Staycommittedtogettingafull8hoursofsleepormoreeverynight.(5)______.
A.Completestudytasks
B.Scheduleyourstudytime
C.Ifyoutakeexerciseregularly,youwillbelessstressed
D.Physicalactivitiesreleaseendorphinsthatwillmakeyouhappy
E.Thiscanrangefromamildnervousfeelingtoafullpanicattack
F.Ifyouhavedonethis,itmeansyouarewellpreparedforatest.
G.Thiswillensureyourbrainhasbeenproperlyrestedandyoucanstartstudyingwithafreshmind16.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空(本大题共20小题,共30.0分)ManythankstoBlancheCaffiere,myelementaryschoolteacher.ShedeservesbigcreditforhelpingmebecomethemanIamtoday.
WhenIfirstmetMrs.Caffiere,Iwasaprettyshyfourthgrader.Ifelt(1)______bymyterriblehandwritingandmessydesk.Iwas(2)______tryingtogounnoticedbyothersandhidethefactthatIlikedto(3)______—somethingthatmostboysdislikedatthattime.ButMrs.Caffierehelpedmakeitokayformetobemyself—a(4)______andnerdy(书呆子气)boyandshetaughtmethatmyloveofreadingwasastrength.
Shepulledmeoutofmyshellbysharingher(5)______fordifferentbooks.WhenIwasatsixthgrade,oneday,shenoticedthatIwasreadingaTomSwiftJr.bookand(6)______thatIcouldhandlemore(7)______literature.She(8)______mewithmorechallengingtextsandtookthetimetodiscussthemwithme,"Didyoulikeit?"Shewouldask."Why?Whatdidyoulearn?"She(9)______listenedtowhatIhadtosay.(10)______thoseconversationswebecamegoodfriends.Meanwhile,she(11)______metobiographiesoffamouspeoplethroughouthistory.
Aswewereinprimaryschool,teachersgenerallydidn'twantto(12)______theiryoungstudentswithextrareadingassignments.However,IlearnedfromMrs.Caffierethatmyteacherswerehappytosharetheir(13)______,andIjustneededtoaskwhatIwonderedabouttheworld.Iwouldoften(14)______myteachersaboutthebookstheyliked,readthosebooks,andoffermy(15)______.Gradually,Ibecomealife-longlearnerwhothinksreadingisabsolutely(16)______tosuccess,andIreadalot—almostonebookperweek,fiftybooksayear.
WhenIlookbackonitnow,thereisno(17)______thatmytimewithMrs.Caffierehelped(18)______myinterestinbooks.Notonlydidshehavea(19)______impactonme,butsheplayedaremarkableroleinshapingthelifeofachild.
Mrs.Cafiere,youshouldgetthe(20)______foryourempathyandguidancetomakemewhatIamtoday.21.
A.thrilled B.astonished C.embarrassed D.confused22.
A.patiently B.strictly C.angrily D.desperately23.
A.play B.read C.lead D.joke24.
A.messy B.clumsy C.diligent D.lazy25.
A.reaction B.pride C.honour D.passion26.
A.recognized B.classified C.matched D.interpreted27.
A.interesting B.pleasant C.normal D.complex28.
A.presented B.concerned C.disturbed D.replaced29.
A.unwillingly B.roughly C.honestly D.genuinely30.
A.Within B.Through C.Upon D.Under31.
A.adjusted B.compared C.introduced D.referred32.
A.burden B.satisfy C.threaten D.help33.
A.skills B.knowledge C.problems D.stories34.
A.miss B.comfort C.consult D.persuade35.
A.thoughts B.praise C.secrets D.criticism36.
A.mistaken B.essential C.indifferent D.casual37.
A.reason B.possibility C.need D.doubt38.
A.defend B.accept C.fuel D.end39.
A.highly-developed B.far-reaching
C.slightly-ignored D.fast-paced40.
A.encouragement B.gift C.credit D.possessions四、语法填空(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)41.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
LuoYingjiu,82,hasrunasmallzooinEnshi,Hubeiprovinceonhisownfor33yearsdespite(1)______(vary)difficulties.Attheone-manFenghuangMountainZoo,Luoserves(2)______director,cleaner,breeder,vetandconductor.Mostoftheresidentsofthezooareoldandweak,manyof(3)______weresavedbyLuo.
(4)______(live)inthezoohimself,Luogetsupatabout5am,checkstheconditionoftheanimals,cleanstheirenclosuresandgoestothemarkettobuyfeedforthem.Atnight,heobservestheanimalsandrefillstheirfoodandwater,andevengetsuparound2am(5)______(care)fortheolderones.
Overthepast33years,Luo(6)______(devote)himselftothezooandpersisted.Heliveseconomically,eats(7)______(simple)andneverdinesoutatrestaurants.Sometimes,hepicksupemptybottlestoselltosupportthezoo.(8)______hisretirementsalaryisabout5,000yuanpermonth,whichisenoughtoliveagoodlifeinsuchasmallplace,hehasfallenintodebttocoverthezoo'sexpenses.
LastJanuary,LuoWei,theoldman'sgranddaughter,(9)______(begin)topostshortvideosofhimlookingaftertheseanimalsonline,hopingtoraiseawarenessofthezooandgivepeoplea(10)______(good)understandingofhergrandfather'swork.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改错(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文,文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删改或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(˄),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
(2)只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
SwimminghasbeenmyfavouritesportssinceIwasyoung.Atthattime,Iwasoftentooktoapooltopracticeswimmingbymymother.WheneverIsawmymothertodiveintotheswimmingpool,Icouldn'thelpfollowherbravely.Gradually,Ibecameinterestedinswimming.ThereasonthatIlikeswimmingisthatIfeelitfuntoswim.Besides,Iconsiderthemagoodwaytoreducemystress.IfeelextremerelaxedwhenIswiminthewater.What'smore,Ibecamestrongerandstrongerbecauseofthefrequentswimming.Inword,swimmingisgoodforus.So,let'sswimtogetherandstayhealth.六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共25.0分)43.假定你是李华,为了激发学生学习英语的兴趣,你校即将举办英语话剧比赛。请给外教MissGrant写封邮件,请她担任比赛评委。邮件内容包括:
(1)写信事由;
(2)比赛安排;
(3)表示感谢。
注意:
(1)词数120左右;
(2)可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
答案和解析1~3.【答案】D、C、B【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段中ThecostforalleightWorldCupstadiumsstandsataround$6.5billion.(全部八个世界杯体育场的建设成本约为65亿美元。)可知,全部八个世界杯体育场的建设成本约为65亿美元,故选D。
(2)细节理解题。根据LusailStadium部分中的Matchesplanned:Untilthefinalmatch.(比赛计划:直到决赛。)"和"Location:Lusail.(地点:Lusail。)可知,2022年世界杯决赛在Lusail这个城市举行,故选C。
(3)推理判断题。根据第三段中Allthestadiumsarepoweredbysolar-panelfarms,and,givenQatar'shotclimate,theircoolingsystemshavebeenparticularlydesigned.Infact,Qatar'sdevotiontosoundenvironmentalpracticeshasearnedallthestadiumsfourorfivestarsfromtheGlobalSustainabilityAssessmentSystem.(所有的体育场都由太阳能电池板供电,而且,考虑到卡塔尔炎热的气候,他们的冷却系统设计得特别独特。事实上,卡塔尔致力于健全的环境实践已经为所有的体育场赢得了全球可持续性评估系统的四星或五星。)可知,所有列出的体育场的共同点是:它们是环境友好型的。A.Theyholdthesamenumberofaudience.他们拥有相同数量的观众;B.Theyareenvironmentallyfriendly.它们是环保的;C.Theyareofthesamesizeanddesign.它们的大小和设计都一样;D.TheyarefarawayfromthecapitalDoha.他们远离首都多哈。故选B。
这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2022年卡塔尔世界杯体育场的相关信息。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
4~7.【答案】A、D、C、B【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第一段中Themeatisn'trawanditlooksfine,smellsfineandtastesfine,soeatingitshouldbefine,right?Unfortunately,itdoesn'tquiteworkthatway.(肉不是生的,看起来、闻起来、尝起来都很好,所以吃起来应该没问题,对吧?不幸的是,事实并非如此。)可知,本段的目的是提出文章的主题:看起来、闻起来、尝起来都很好食物也可能会有问题。故选A项。
(2)细节理解题。根据第二段中TheUSDAexplainsthatpathogenicbacteria
thrive
between4℃and40℃.Roomtemperatureusuallyfallsinthistemperaturerange,knownasthedangerzone.Inthistemperaturerange,pathogenicbacteriacansometimesdoubleinnumberwithinaspanof20minutes.(美国农业部解释说,致病菌在4℃到40℃之间thrive。通常室温在这个温度范围内,称为危险区。在这个温度范围内,致病菌的数量有时会在20分钟内翻一番。)可知,放在桌子上过夜的牛肉,温度在10℃以上,含有致病菌最多。故选D项。
(3)词句猜测题。划线词句后文Inthistemperaturerange,pathogenicbacteriacansometimesdoubleinnumberwithinaspanof20minutes.(在这个温度范围内,致病菌有时会在20分钟内增加一倍。)说明在这个温度范围内致病菌会增加,从而推知划线词句TheUSDAexplainsthatpathogenicbacteria
thrive
between4℃and40℃.Roomtemperatureusuallyfallsinthistemperaturerange,knownasthedangerzone.(美国农业部解释说,致病菌在4℃到40℃之间thrive。通常室温这个温度范围内,称为危险区。)其中划线词汇应为"增加"的意思。A.Change.改变;B.Reduce.减少;C.Increase.增加;D.Form.形成。故选C项。
(4)推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中TheUSDAstatesthatanyfoodthathasbeenleftoutatroomtemperatureforovertwohoursshouldbediscarded.(美国农业部表示,任何在室温下放置超过两小时的食物都应该丢弃。)以及最后一段中Youmayfeelbadaboutthrowingawaymeatthatperfectlyfine,butit'sbettertobesafethansorry.(你可能会觉得把肉扔掉很糟糕,但安全总比后悔好。)可知,作者希望人们毫不犹豫地扔掉带有致病菌的肉类。A.To
feel
sorry
for
throwing
it
away.为扔掉它感到抱歉;B.To
get
rid
of
it
without
hesitation.毫不犹豫地摆脱它;C.To
eat
it
after
cooking
it
again.再次烹饪后食用;D.To
smell
it
and
decide
what
to
do
next.去嗅它,然后决定下一步做什么。故选B项。
这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一则健康饮食知识,看起来、闻起来、尝起来都很好食物也可能会有问题。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
8~11.【答案】C、C、D、A【解析】(1)推理判断题。根据第二段中Whatheparticularlydidn'tlikewashavingtobeonbloodthinnersaftertheoperation,somethingthatwouldpreventbloodvessel(血管)blocksbutpresentsomeotherrisks;"Iwasridingmotorbikesthen,andskiing,somywholelifestylewouldhavebeenaffected."(他特别不喜欢的是手术后必须使用血液稀释剂,这可以防止血管阻塞,但也会带来一些其他风险;"当时我骑摩托车,滑雪,所以我的整个生活方式都会受到影响。")可知,Golesworthy拒绝做手术是因为他的生活方式会因此受到影响,即这会妨碍他享受他的爱好。故选C项。
(2)细节理解题。根据第三段的Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself."Learningnewstuffanddevelopingnewideas,thatwasmyjob,"Golesworthysays.(他决定自己解决问题。"学习新东西,发展新想法,这是我的工作,"Golesworthy说)可知,渴望学习新事物促使塔尔开始考虑修复自己心脏。故选C。
(3)观点态度题。根据第三段的Realizingsomethinghadtobedone,Golesworthyputhisyearsofexperienceasresearch-and-developmentengineertogooduse.Hedecidedhewouldfixhimself.(意识到必须有所作为后,戈尔斯沃西充分利用了自己多年的研发工程师经验),第四段中Followinghisnovelway,Golesworthysubjectedhimselfto30hoursinanMRIscanner,used3
Dprintingtocreateaphysicalcopyofthefaultypartofhisheartandthenusedsofttextilemesh(网状物)tomakeasleevetofitaroundit.(按照他的新颖方式,Golesworthy在核磁共振扫描仪中接受了30个小时的检查,使用3
D打印制作了心脏有缺陷部分的物理副本,然后用柔软的纺织网制作了一个袖子来包裹它)和倒数第二段的Eventually,hisdeterminationcoupledwiththeoriginalyetpracticalsolutionwonhimthesupportoftwoleadingsurgeonsandhelpedhimraisethemoneytodevelophisidea.(最终,他的决心和独创而实用的解决方案为他赢得了两位顶尖外科医生的支持,并帮助他筹集了资金来实现他的想法)可知,Golesworthy非常专业且有决心。A.Pessimistic
and
active.悲观又积极的;B.Brave
and
stubborn.勇敢又固执的;C.Aggressive
and
humorous.好斗又幽默的;D.Professional
and
determined.专业又坚定的。故选D项。
(4)主旨大意题。通读全文,并结合第一段ThefirstheartthatTalGoldsworthy,aBritishengineer,repairedwashisown.Andhiseffortsdonotonlysavehislifebutalsobringhopetothosewhoarefacedwiththesamesituation.(英国工程师TalGoldsworthy修复的第一颗心脏是他自己的。他的努力不仅挽救了他的生命,也给那些面临同样处境的人带来了希望)可知,文章主要讲述患有马凡氏综合症的TalGolesworthy拒绝做手术,而通过自己的努力和专研用3
D打印技术制作出心脏主动脉复制品,通过手术修复了自己的心脏。故选A项。
这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述患有马凡氏综合症的TalGolesworthy拒绝做手术,而通过自己的努力和专研用3
D打印技术制作出心脏主动脉复制品,通过手术修复了自己的心脏。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
12~15.【答案】B、B、D、C【解析】(1)观点态度题。根据文章第二段内容Thismaybebecausekidswithaso-calledgrowthmind-set,whobelieveintelligenceischangeable,aremorelikelytofocusontheirmistakesthanthosewithafixedmind-set,whobelieveintelligenceisnotchangeable(这可能是因为有所谓成长心态的孩子认为智力是可变的,比那些有固定心态的孩子更容易专注于自己的错误,他们认为智力是不可变的)可知,成长型思维模式的孩子认为智力是可以改变的,不是一成不变的。A.It
is
unpredictable.它是不可预测的;B.It
is
not
set
in
stone.这不是一成不变的;C.It
is
fixed.它是固定的;D.It
is
accurate
in
mind.它在头脑中是准确的。故选B项。
(2)段落大意题。根据文章第三段的关键句Inthestudy,theresearchersfirst(在这项研究中,研究人员首先……),Theythenaskedthechildrentocomplete…(然后他们让孩子们完成……),Finally,theresearchersanalyzedthebrainresponses...(最后,研究人员分析了大脑的反应……)Ingeneral…(总之……)可知,该段主要讲述了这项研究的进展过程。故选B项。
(3)推理判断题。根据文章第四段内容Thestudyalsofoundthatchildrenwithafixedmind-setcouldstillimprovetheiraccuracyonthetask,butonlyiftheypaidcloseattentiontotheirmistakes.(研究还发现,固定思维模式的孩子仍然可以提高他们在任务中的准确性,但前提是他们要密切注意自己的错误)可知,固定思维模式的孩子在注意自己的错误的前提下是可以提高在任务中的准确性的。故选D项。
(4)标题归纳题。根据文章末尾段的总结Insteadofshyingawayfromchildren'smistakes,parentsandteacherscouldofferthisadvice,'Mistakeshappen,solet'strytopayattentiontowhatwentwrongandfigureitout.'Schrodersaid.(家长和老师不应该回避孩子的错误,而应该提出这样的建议:"错误是会发生的,所以让我们试着关注出了什么问题,并找出问题所在。"施罗德说)可知,文章以成长型思维和固定思维对待错误的态度的研究引出中心话题正确对待错误,关注错误,并找出问题所在。因此,选项C"ConcentratingonMistakes(关注错误)"贴合话题主旨。故选C项。
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新研究发现,那些认为只要努力学习就能变得更聪明的孩子比那些认为自己的智力水平一成不变的孩子更有可能从错误中恢复过来,强调了正确对待错误,关注错误,并找出问题所在的重要性。
一、速读全文,了解大意知主题。
阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力,考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读,搜寻关键词、主题句,捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点,并且理清文章脉络,把握语篇实质。
二、看题干,带着问题读文章。
首先要掌握问题的类型,客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案;而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等,这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性,提高了做题的准确率。
三、逻辑推理,做好深层理解题。
在实际阅读中,有时作者并未把意图说出来,阅读者要根据字面意思,通过语篇逻辑关系,研究细节的暗示,推敲作者的态度,理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理,不能就事论事,以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有:infer,imply,suggest,indicate等。
四、猜词悟义,扫除阅读拦路虎。
猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会"顺藤摸瓜",通过构词,语法,定义,同位,对比,因果,常识,上下文等线索确定词义。
16~20.【答案】E、F、B、D、G【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据上文Mostpeoplesuffersomedegreeofanxietywhenpreparingforatest.(大多数人在准备考试时都会有某种程度的焦虑。)和下文Whateveryourlevelofanxiety,learningtoreduceitisveryimportanttostudyeffectivelyforatest.(无论你的焦虑程度如何,为了考试而有效地学习是非常重要的。)可知,大多数人准备考试都会紧张,但无论焦虑程度如何,都要进行有效的学习。由此推知,空处提到了焦虑的程度。E项(这可以是轻微的紧张感,也可以是完全的恐慌)符合语境。故选E。
(2)联系上文题。根据上文Themosteffectivewaytostudyisattendingclassregularly,takinggoodnotes,doingyourhomework,andaboveallbeinganactivestudent.(最有效的学习方法是按时上课,记好笔记,做作业,最重要的是做一个积极的学生。)推知,空处陈述如果你按照上文方法做了,会有什么养的效果,F项(如果你这样做了,那就意味着你为考试做好了充分的准备)符合语境,其中F项中的this指代上文"最有效的学习方法"。故选F。
(3)段落标题题。该空是小标题,用祈使句,在A项和B项中选。根据该段内容Waitinguntilthenightbeforeatesttostartstudyingislikelytoincreaseyouranxiety.Youwillnothavetimetoaskquestionsorfindlostinformation.Youlikelyfeelstressed,andareinabadsituation.Insteadofwaitinguntilthelastminute,startstudyingassoonasatestisscheduled.(等到考试前一天晚上才开始学习很可能会增加你的焦虑。你将没有时间问问题或寻找丢失的信息。你可能会感到压力,并且处于糟糕的境地。与其等到最后一刻,不如一有考试就开始学习。)可知,要提前安排好学习时间。所以B项(安排好学习时间)符合语境。故选B。
(4)联系上文题。根据上文Physicalactivitiesaregreatwaystoreduceanxiety(体育活动是减少焦虑的好方法。)推知,设空处应该在说体育活动的好处,D项(体育活动会释放内啡肽,让你快乐)符合语境。故选D。
(5)联系上文题。根据上文Sleepdeprivationisanothercauseofanxiety.Staycommittedtogettingafull8hoursofsleepormoreeverynight.(睡眠不
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