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第=page11页,共=sectionpages11页2022-2023学年湖北省恩施州恩施市九年级(上)期末英语试卷一、完形填空(本大题共10小题,共10.0分)Eversince"MotherNature"gavemelife,Iexpectedtogrowtallandbig.
Asayoung(1)______,Iwaswellprotectedintheforest.I(2)______tohaveagoodtimewithmyfriendsundertheblueskyandalongtheriver.Ouronlypurposewastostandhigh.Mypal,Timoftensaid,"AllIaskforistobehappythewholeday."
Morethan300dayspassedandwegrewstraight.Untiloneday,our(3)______birthday,peoplecame,movedusfromthe(4)______andputusontheirtrucks."Idon'twanttogo!"Timcried.
Afteralongjourney,wearrivedinacompletelydifferentplacewith(5)______green.Herewewereplantedinaline.Becausethewindblewstrongly,IcouldnotevenopenmyeyestoseeTim(6)______besideme.Soweneededenough(7)______togrowthickerandhighertostopthewind.
Astimewentby,wefinallybecamemuch(8)______.Icouldkeepmyeyesopeninthewind!Ievenfoundtheblueskywasback!
Thiswasnolongerano-man's-land,andhundredsofvisitorscamehere.Amantookapictureofuswithhiscamera,"Thankyou.Wecanenjoycleardays(9)______worryingaboutsandstorms.Ayounggirljumpingupanddowncameoverandhuggedme."Thankyou,"shesaid,"It'syouthathaveturnedthedesertintoagreenland!"
TimandIsmiledateachother,feeling(10)______.Thesunwasshiningbrightlyinthebluersky.1.
A.girl B.boy C.tree D.fish2.
A.planned B.used C.happened D.had3.
A.first B.second C.third D.fourth4.
A.beach B.lake C.house D.earth5.
A.everything B.nothing C.anything D.something6.
A.clearly B.greatly C.kindly D.widely7.
A.clothes B.sand C.food D.water8.
A.greener B.stronger C.worse D.better9.
A.from B.about C.without D.of10.
A.tired B.bored C.proud D.surprised二、补全对话-填空(本大题共1小题,共5.0分)11.Onmywayhome,Ialwayssawahomelessman.Healwaysstoodatthesideofthestreetnearatrafficcrossing.Hewasabout60yearsold.Hehadlongblackandwhitehairandworeanoldshortcoat.(1)______
Everydayafterwork,Iwouldgathersomesparechange.(2)______EverytimeIsawhim,hewasveryhappy.Sometimestheredlightwouldbeonforaminuteandwewouldhaveashorttalk.Hisanswerwouldalwaysbethesame,"I'mlucky!"
OnedayIlostmyjob.Iwasverysad.Ithoughttomyself,asamotherofthreechildren,Ican'taffordlivingexpenses.(3)______Whenmycarcamenearthehomelessman,helookedatmewithasmile.
WhileIwaswaitingfortheredlighttoturn,hecameovertomycarandsaid,"TodayI'llgiveyouadollar."(4)______
Thatdayhetaughtmeavaluablelessonmorethanadollarbill.(5)______EverytimeI'mintrouble,I'llthinkofthehomelessman'sbillandhis"Iamlucky."
A.IgaveittohimifIsawhim.
B.Hereachedintohispocketandpulledoutadollarbill.
C.Nomatterwhathappens,noonecantakeawayyourchoicetobejoyful.
D.Ifeltsorryforhim.
E.Idrovehomesadlyandlonelyandforgottolookforsparechange.三、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共30.0分)A
Thesealevelisrisingandsomeanimalsaremovingtonewhomes.Theremaybemorestorms.What'sworse,therisingsealevelforceshumanstomoveawayfromthecoasts.Whileinsomeparts,itmaybetoodrytogrowplants.
--Eric,13,JapanAnewstudyshowsthatabout80percentpeopleinNorthAmericacan'tseetheMilkyWay(银河)becauseoflightpollution.Themostseriouslylight-pollutedcountryintheworldisSingapore.Toomuchlighthasadirecteffectonhuman'seyes.Itcanalsodestroyoursleepcycle.What'smore,italsoaffectswildanimals.
--May,14,AmericaAnactivityinHangzhoumakespeoplethinkmoreabouttheuseofplasticbagsinlife.Avolunteersaid,"Ifwedonothingaboutthewhitepollution,itwillcausemoredeathsofseaanimals,andhumanbeingswillbecome'plasticmen'."
--LiXiang,15,ChinaThehaze(雾霾)ismoreandmoreserious,doesgreatharmtoourheath.Itcanmakeyoucoughandcauseskinproblemsandeyeproblems.Youshouldn'texerciseintheopenair.Andopenthewindowatnoonoratnightforawhile.Whenyougoout,youmustwearamask(面罩)
--WangPing,14,China12.WhatproblemisErictalkingabout?______A.Thegreenhouseeffect. B.Waterpollution.
C.Stormsandfloods. D.Treecutting.13.______peopleinNorthAmericacan'tseetheMilkyRiverbecauseoflightpollution.A.About70percent B.About76percent
C.About83percent D.About80percent14.Whichcountryismostseriouslypollutedbylight?______A.Japan. B.Singapore. C.China. D.America.15.What'stheprobleminHangzhou?______A.Peoplearedestroyingtheforests.
B.Peoplewastepaperintheirdailylife.
C.Peopleusetoomanyplasticbagsinlife.
D.Peoplekillmanywildanimals.16.Wecan______topreventthehaze.A.exerciseeverydayintheopenair
B.openthewindowalldaylong
C.putonyourheavyclothes
D.remembertowearamaskBGesturesareusedtoreplacewordsinmanycountries.Theyusuallyhavedifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures.Let'slookatthethreegestures.
Whatdoesthe"O"gesturemean?
IfyouareanEnglishspeakerordiving(潜水)underthesea,itmeans"OK"or"good".Infact,it'sbelievedthatthisgestureispopularized(普及)bydivers.TheJapanesereaditas"money".TheFrenchreaditas"zero"or"novalue".
Whatdoesthe"thumb-up"gesturemean?
Thisgesturealsomeansdifferentlyindifferentcountries.Englishspeakersuseittostandfor"OK",whichisthesamemeaningasthe"O"gesture.Thetwocanbeusedalmostinterchangeably.
Tomostpeople,itstandsforthenumber"1",sincetheycountfrom1to5,beginningwiththethumbfor1andendingwiththelittlefingerforthenumber5.
AlthoughAmericansandBritishpeopleusuallyaskforaridewiththeirthumbsraised,thegesturewillnotmakeaGreekdriverstoptogivethemaride.
Whatdoesitmeantostretchoutyourindexfinger(食指)?
Extendingtheindexfingermeansdifferentthingsindifferentcountries.TheChinesestretchtheirindexfingerupwardtoindicatethenumber.Theycanrefertointegers(整数)suchas"one","onehundred","onethousand",etc.InJapan,theindexfingerupmeansonlyoneoronce.Thisgesturerepresentsthefirstinorder.IntheUnitedStates,usethisgesturewhenaskingtheotherpersontowait.InAustralia,inbarsandrestaurants,theforefingerisextendedupward,saying,"Aglassofbeer,please."
IntheMiddleEast,itisimpolitetopointatsomethingwithyourindexfinger.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。17.FortheFrench,the"O"gesturemeans"______".A.good B.thenumber3 C.novalue D.money18.Theunderlinedword"interchangeably"means"______"inChinese.A.可互换地 B.不可替代地 C.没有意义地 D.坚定地19.Whowon'tgiveyouarideifyouputoutyourhandwithyourthumbraised?______A.AnAustraliandriver. B.ABritishdriver.
C.AGreekdriver. D.AnAmericandriver.20.HiroisfromJapan.Ifshewantstoshowthenumber1,shewillraiseher______.A.thumb B.indexfinger C.middlefinger D.littlefinger21.Thepassageisprobablyfroma______.A.cookbook B.sciencemagazine
C.historybook D.bookonculturesC
AlysaaCarsonisa17-year-oldgirl.ShedreamsofgoingtoMars.Shewasfirstinterestedinbecominganastronautattheageofthree.Atthattime.shewaswatchingacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.
AfterknowingtheseriouspollutionandthelargepopulationonEarth.Alyssathinkspeoplemaylookforanotherplanettoliveoninthefuture.ShethinkshumansmaychoosetoliveonMarsinthefuture.That'sbecauseit'saplanetsimilartotheearthinsomeaspects(方面).What'smore,peoplewillbeabletousethetechnologiestogetthereatthattime.AlyssadreamsofgoingtoMarsandworkinginthefieldofastrobiology(天体生物学).
Herfatherbelievesthatparentsshouldhelpchildrenachievetheirdreams.Hethinksthatitdoesn'tmatterifthedreamschangealotorhowcrazytheyare.Andhedoesn'tthinkit'stooyoungtogetapilot'slicense(执照)fora17-year-oldgirl.Perhapsit'sverydangerousforhisdaughtertogotoMars.Buthebelievesthatshecanachieveherdreamoneday.Whathecandoistolethisdaughterworkhardforherdream.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"referto?______A.Alyssa'sfamily. B.Alyssa'sclassmates.
C.Thecharactersinthecartoon. D.Thescenesinthecartoon.23.WhydoesAlyssathinkpeopleshouldgotoMars?______A.Becausepeoplecanliveahappierlifethere.
B.Becauseit'seasytogettherewiththetechnologiesnow.
C.Becauseit'saplanetwithmanynewlives.
D.Becausemarshassomethingincommonwiththeearth.24.WhatcanwelearnaboutAlyssaCarson'sfather?______A.Hehopeshisdaughtertobeascientistinthefuture.
B.Heusedtobeapilotwhenhewasyoung.
C.Heworksinthefieldofastrobiologynow.
D.Herespectshisdaughter'sdream.25.WhichoneisTRUEaccordingtothetext?______A.It'seasyfora17-year-oldgirltogetapilot'slicence.
B.Alyssa'sdreamofgoingtoMarslastsforalongtime.
C.Wecanaskparentsforhelpwhenwemeettrouble.
D.Alyssaisaquietandhard-workingstudentatschool.26.Whatdoesthewriterwanttotellus?______A.Interestisthebestteacherforeverychild.
B.It'snevertoolateforpeopletolearnsomethingnew.
C.Parentsshouldworkhardfortheirchildren'sdreams.
D.Childrenshouldcommunicatewiththeirparentsintime.四、阅读填空(本大题共1小题,共10.0分)27.Withthe(1)______(develop)ofspacescience,manhaslearnedmoreandmoreaboutspace.Spaceisnotonlyamazingbutalsodangerous.Whileworkinginspace,spacemenarealso(2)______(face)dangersaswellassuccess.
Scientistshave(3)______(find)outthatradiationisthegreatestdangertospacemeninspace.Whenspacemenareworkinginspace,theyareindangerofradiationfromthesunandother(4)______(star),whichisbadfortheirhealth.Thedamagewon't(5)______(discover)untiltheirchildrenorevengrandchildrenareborn.Somespecialmedicinemayworkalittle,butnoreallyhelpfulmedicinehasbeendiscovered.
Spacejunkisalsoagreatdangertospacemen.It'sreported(6)______thereare9,000man-madethingsflyinginspace.About30%of(7)______(they)aresatellites,10%arespaceships,andtherestarespacejunk.Scientistsarewatchingandreportinganypossibledangerallthetime.Theyareworking(8)______helpfulwaystodowithspacejunk.
(9)______spaceisreallydangerous,itinterestseveryoneontheEarth.Inthefuture,itmaybecomeusualforpeople(10)______(spend)afewdaysinaspacehotel.WemayevenchoosetoleavetheEarthandliveinspaceforafewyears.Soweshouldcareforspaceanddosomethingtohelpimprovethespaceenvironment.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、完成句子(本大题共5小题,共10.0分)28.政府已经采取了多项措施来拯救这些动物。(take)
Thegovernmenthas______tosavetheseanimals.29.实际上,我昨天早上刚下飞机。(matter)
______,Ijustgotofftheplaneyesterdaymorning.30.今天承蒙邀请到此,深感荣幸。
______(honor)tobeinvitedheretoday.31.恐怕我们很难在一天内完成这项任务。(difficulty)
I'mafraidwe______thetaskinoneday.32.我的手表看起来和她的一样,但价格是她的两倍。(as)
Mywatchlooksthesameashers,butitcosts______hers.六、书面表达(本大题共1小题,共15.0分)33.学校英语社团正在举办英语征文活动,其主题是如何提高英语口语能力。假设你是李明,请写一篇题为"HowtoimprovespokenEnglish"的英语短文投稿,分享你的英语学习方法。
写作要求:
(1)表达通顺,行文连贯,书写规范;
(2)词数不少于80;
(3)文中不得出现真实人名和校名等相关信息。
HowtoimprovespokenEnglish_________
答案和解析1~10.【答案】C、B、A、D、B、A、D、B、C、C【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:作为一棵小树,我在森林里受到了很好的保护。girl女孩;boy男孩;tree树;fish鱼。根据"I
was
well
protected
in
the
forest."(我在森林里受到很好的保护。)可推断,这是一颗树,故选C。
(2)考查动词。句意:我曾经和我的朋友在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。planned计划;used使用;happened发生;had有。根据"have
a
good
time
with
my
friends
under
the
blue
sky
and
along
the
river."(曾经在蓝天下和河边度过了一段美好的时光。)可知是固定短语usedtodosth过去常常,故选B。
(3)考查数词。句意:直到有一天,我们的第一个生日,人们来了,把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。first第一;second第二;third第三;fourth第四。根据"Morethan300dayspassed"(300多天过去了)可知,300多天过去了,迎来了第一个生日,故选A。
(4)考查名词。句意:直到有一天,我们的第一个生日,人们来了,把我们从陆地上搬到他们的卡车上。beach海滩;lake湖;house房子;earth陆地。根据"Iwaswellprotectedintheforest."(我在森林里受到很好的保护。)可知,从森林这块陆地搬到了卡车上,故选D。
(5)考查代词。句意:经过长途旅行,我们到达了一个完全不同的地方,没有一点绿色。everything一切;nothing没什么事;anything任何事;something某事。根据"It'syouthathaveturnedthedesertintoagreenland."(是你们把沙漠变成了绿地。)可知,曾经这里是沙漠,没有一点绿色,故选B。
(6)考查副词。句意:因为风刮得很大,我甚至不能睁开眼睛清楚地看到Tim在我身边。clearly清楚地;greatly伟大地;kindly善良地;widely广泛地。根据"Icouldnotevenopenmyeyes"(我甚至不能睁开眼睛)可知,看不清楚Tim是否在旁边,故选A。
(7)考查名词。句意:所以我们需要足够的水变得更茂密,更高,以阻止风。clothes衣服;sand沙子;food食物;water水。根据"Soweneededenough…togrowthicker"(所以我们需要足够的变得更茂密)及常识可知,大树需要水才能长得更高,故选D。
(8)考查形容词。句意:随着时间的流逝,我们终于变得更强大了。greener更绿的;stronger更壮的;worse更糟糕的;better更好的。根据"I
could
keep
my
eyes
open
in
the
wind!I
even
found
the
blue
sky
was
back!"(我可以在风中睁大眼睛!我甚至发现蓝天回来了!)可知,终于变得强大了,故选B。
(9)考查介词。句意:我们可以享受晴朗的天气而不用担心沙尘暴。from从;about关于;without没有;of……的。根据"Wecanenjoycleardays…worryingaboutsandstorms"(我们可以享受晴朗的天气而担心沙尘暴。)可知,不用担心沙尘暴了,故选C。
(10)考查形容词。句意:Tim和我相视一笑,感到很自豪。tired疲惫的;bored无聊的;proud骄傲的;surprised惊讶的。根据"It'syouthathaveturnedthedesertintoagreenland."(是你们把沙漠变成了绿地。)可知,是作者和Tim让这片沙漠变成绿地,这让大树感到骄傲,故选C。
本文主要是一棵树自述自己和朋友是如何从森林被人类带到沙漠,他们逐渐地长成了能阻挡沙尘暴的大树,获得了人类的感谢。
首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
11.【答案】D【解析】推理判断题。
(1)根据前面:I
always
saw
a
homeless
man.He
always
stood
at
the
side
of
the
street
near
a
traffic
crossing.He
was
about
60
years
old.He
had
long
black
and
white
hair
and
wore
an
old
short
coat.(我总是看到一个无家可归的人。他总是站在交通路口附近的路边。他大约60岁。他留着黑白相间的长发,穿着一件旧短外套。)结合选项,可知,D.我为他感到难过。符合语境,故选D。
(2)根据前面:Every
day
after
work,I
would
gather
some
spare
change.(每天下班后,我都会收集一些零钱。)结合选项,可知,A.如果我看见他,我就给他了。符合语境,故选A。
(3)根据前面:One
day
I
lost
my
job.I
was
very
sad.I
thought
to
myself,as
a
mother
of
three
children,I
can't
afford
living
expenses.(有一天我失业了。我很难过。我心想,作为三个孩子的母亲,我负担不起生活费。)结合选项,可知,E.我悲伤而孤独地开车回家,忘了找零钱。符合语境,故选E。
(4)根据前面:"Today
I'll
give
you
a
dollar."
("今天我给你一块钱。")结合选项,可知,B.他把手伸进口袋,掏出一张一美元的钞票。符合语境,故选B。
(5)根据后面:Every
time
I'm
in
trouble,I'll
think
of
the
homeless
man's
bill
and
his
"I
am
lucky."(每次遇到麻烦,我都会想起流浪汉的账单和他的"我很幸运。")结合选项,可知,C.无论发生什么,没有人能夺走你快乐的选择。符合语境,故选C。
本文主要讲述了作者每天下班回家都会给一个流浪汉一些零钱,每次见到他,他都很高兴。当作者失业难过孤独时,流浪汉笑着看着作者,并给了作者一美元。这个故事告诉我们不管发生什么,没有人能夺走你快乐的选择。
做题时结合原文和题目有针对性找出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确的答案。
12~16.【答案】C、D、B、C、D【解析】(1)细节判断题。根据The
sea
level
is
rising
and
some
animals
are
moving
to
new
homes.There
may
be
more
storms.(海平面正在上升,一些动物正在搬家。可能会有更多的暴风雨。)可推断出Eric主要谈论暴风雨和洪水。故选C。
(2)细节理解题。根据A
new
study
shows
that
about
80
percent
people
in
North
America
can't
see
the
Milky
Way
(银河)
because
of
light
pollution.(一项新的研究表明,由于光污染,北美大约80%的人看不到银河系。)可知由于光污染大约80%的北美人看不到银河系,故选D。
(3)细节理解题。根据The
most
seriously
light-polluted
country
in
the
world
is
Singapore.(世界上光污染最严重的国家是新加坡。)可知世界上光污染最严重的国家是新加坡。故选B。
(4)细节推理题。根据An
activity
in
Hangzhou
makes
people
think
more
about
the
use
of
plastic
bags
in
life.(杭州的一项活动让人们更多地思考生活中塑料袋的使用。)可推断出杭州的问题是人们在生活中使用太多的塑料袋。故选C。
(5)细节理解题。根据When
you
go
out,you
must
wear
a
mask
(面罩).(当你外出时,你必须戴口罩。)可知要防止雾霾外出要记得戴口罩。故选D。
本文主要是四名学生介绍了严重的环境问题。
做题时首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意。带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。
17~21.【答案】C、A、C、B、D【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第三段The
French
read
it
as
"zero"
or
"no
value".(法国人把它读为"零"或"没价值"。)可知,对法国人来说,"O"手势的意思是"无价值"。故选C。
(2)词义猜测题。根据第五段This
gesture
also
means
differently
in
different
countries.English
speakers
use
it
to
stand
for
"OK",which
is
the
same
meaning
as
the
"O"
gesture.The
two
can
be
used
almost
interchangeably.(这个手势在不同的国家也有不同的意思。英语使用者用它来表示"OK",这与"O"手势的意思相同。两者几乎可以互换使用。)可知,带下划线的单词"interchangeably"在中文中的意思是"可互换地"。故选A。
(3)细节理解题。根据第七段Although
Americans
and
British
people
usually
ask
for
a
ride
with
their
thumbsraised,the
gesture
will
not
make
a
Greek
driver
stop
to
give
them
a
ride.(尽管美国人和英国人通常会竖起大拇指要求搭车,但这一手势不会让希腊司机停下让他们搭车。)可知,如果你竖起大拇指伸出手,一名希腊司机不会让你搭车。故选C。
(4)细节理解题。根据第九段In
Japan,the
index
finger
up
means
only
one
or
once.This
gesture
represents
the
first
in
order.(在日本,食指向上只表示一个或一次。这个手势代表顺序第一。)可知,Hiro来自日本,如果她想展示数字1,她会举起食指。故选B。
(5)文章出处题。根据第一段Gestures
are
used
to
replace
words
in
many
countries.They
usually
have
different
meanings
in
different
cultures.(手势在许多国家被用来代替话语。它们在不同的文化中通常有不同的含义。)可知,文章讲述的是手势在不同国家有不同的文化含义,故这篇文章可能来自"文化书籍"。故选D。
文章讲述了手势在不同国家有不同的文化含义。
首先要通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文,核对答案。
22~26.【答案】C、D、D、B、A【解析】【文章大意】本文主要讲述了艾莉莎•卡森的故事。
1.
根据The
characters
in
the
cartoon
went
to
Mars
many
times
for
different
tasks.
She
also
wanted
to
be
one
of
them.可知漫画中的人物为了不同的任务多次去火星。她也想成为他们中的一员。根据前文含义以及结合选项可知,此处them意为"漫画中的人物",故选C。2.
根据第一段ShethinkshumansmaychoosetoliveonMarsinthefuture.That'sbecauseit'saplanetsimilartotheearthinsomeaspects(方面).可知她认为未来人类可能会选择在火星上生活。这是因为它在某些方面与地球很相似。故选D。3.
根据第二段Herfatherbelievesthatparentsshouldhelpchildrenachievetheirdreams.Hethinksthatitdoesn'tmatterifthedreamschangealotorhowcrazytheyare.可知她父亲认为父母应该帮助孩子实现梦想。不管梦有多大的改变,也不管梦有多疯狂他都是这样认为。因此可知关于艾莉莎•卡森的父亲我们能知道他尊重女儿的梦想。故选D。4.
根据AlysaaCarsonisa17-year-oldgirl.ShedreamsofgoingtoMars.Shewasfirstinterestedinbecominganastronautattheageofthree.Atthattime.shewaswatchingacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.可知艾莉莎•卡森是个17岁的女孩。她梦想去火星。她三岁时第一次对成为宇航员感兴趣。在那个时候。她在看一部叫《穷乡僻壤》的卡通。漫画中的人物为了不同的任务多次去火星。她也想成为他们中的一员。因此可知艾莉莎去火星的梦想持续了很长时间。故选B。5.
根据第一段Shewasfirstinterestedinbecominganastronautattheageofthree.Atthattime.shewaswatchingacartooncalledTheBackyardigans.ThecharactersinthecartoonwenttoMarsmanytimesfordifferenttasks.Shealsowantedtobeoneofthem.可知她三岁时第一次对成为宇航员感兴趣。在那个时候。她在看一部叫《穷乡僻壤》的卡通。漫画中的人物为了不同的任务多次去火星。她也想成为他们中的一员。以及What'smore,peoplewillbeabletousethetechnologiestogetthereatthattime.AlyssadreamsofgoingtoMarsandworkinginthefieldofastrobiology(天体生物学).可知而且,人们届时将能够利用这些技术到达那里。艾莉莎梦想去火星,在天体生物学领域工作。因此可知作者通过艾莉莎的故事想告诉我们兴趣是每个孩子最好的老师。故选A。
27.【答案】【小题1】development【小题2】facing【小题3】found【小题4】stars【小题5】bediscovered【小题6】that【小题7】them【小题8】on【小题9】Although【小题10】tospend【解析】(1)考查名词。句意:随着太空科学的发展,人们对太空的了解越来越多。withthedevelopmentof为固定搭配,意为"随着……的发展"。故填development。
(2)考查现在分词。句意:在太空工作的同时,宇航员也面临着危险和成功。根据句意可知,前半句while引导的时间状语从句,后半句出现are,这里应该使用现在进行时态,face的现在分词形式是facing。故填facing。
(3)考查现在完成时。句意:科学家们已经发现,辐射对太空中的宇航员来说是最大的危险。这里出现have,应该使用现在完成时态,have+过去分词,find的过去分词形式是found。故填found。
(4)考查名词的数。句意:当宇航员在太空工作时,他们面临着来自太阳和其他恒星的辐射的危险,这对他们的健康不利。other这里修饰star,泛指其他的恒星,应该使用其复数形式。故填stars。
(5)考查被动语态。句意:直到他们的孩子甚至孙子孙女出生后,才会发现这种损伤。damage和discover之间存在逻辑上的被动关系,所以这里应该使用被动语态,又根据won't可知这里是将来时态,其被动语态构成是will+be+过去分词。故填bediscovered。
(6)考查宾语从句引导词。句意:据报道,太空中有9000种人造物体。Itisreportedthat...固定句型,意为"据报道……"。故填that。
(7)考查代词。句意:其中约30%是卫星,10%是宇宙飞船,其余都是太空垃圾。这里应该使用代词宾格形式,they的宾格是them。故填them。
(8)考查介词。句意:他们正在研究处理太空垃圾的有用方法。workon为固定搭配,意为"致力于"。故填on。
(9)考查连词。句意:尽管太空真的很危险,但它让地球上的每个人都感兴趣。前半句是一个让步状语从句,用Although来引导。故填Although。
(10)考查不定式。句意:在未来,人们可能会在太空酒店度过几天。这里用不定式表目的。故填tospend。
本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在太空工作时,宇航员所面临的危险和成功的相关情况。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。对于同义词和近义词的选项,在充分考虑到上下文具体语境下特别注意这些同义词和近义词搭配。
28.【答案】takenmanymeasures【解析】采取多项措施takemanymeas
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