【2022年】辽宁省锦州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)

【2022年】辽宁省锦州市大学英语6级大学英语六级测试卷(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、1.Writing(10题)1.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacompositiononthetitle:ShouldClassAttendanceBeOptional?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.

ShouldClassAttendanceBeOptional

1．描述现在大学课堂及讲座上常见的现象：态度不认真，睡觉，发短信及出勤率低……因此提出大学课堂是否应该采取自愿而非强制

2．列举原因

3．我的看法

2.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteapassageofatleast150wordsinthetitleofAreYouReadytoTakeuptheCudgelsforaJustCause(见义勇为).Pleasefollowtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.见义勇为是一种美德，值得赞扬、褒奖和宣传。

2.不少人认为见义勇为是“干傻事”。

3.你的看法。

3.1．越来越多的大学生一毕业就迈入婚姻殿堂

2．产生这种现象的原因

3．这种现象可能带来的影响

4.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledMyViewonOnlineShopping.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.网上购物渐渐成为一种时尚，越来越多的大学生选择网上购物

2．分析大学生网上购物的原因

3．我对此现象的看法

MyViewonOnlineShopping

5.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledBooksandElectronicProducts.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.如今有大量的电子产品替代了书

2.不同的人有不同的看法

3.我的观点

BooksandElectronicProducts

6.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowriteacompositiononthetopic:HowtoDealwithPersonalCrisis.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsandbaseyourcompositionontheoutlinegiveninChinesebelow:

1.HowtoDealwithPersonalCrisis

1．造成个人危机的起因；

2．应对个人危机的方法。

7.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledElectronicWaste.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinesgivenbelow

1.废弃的电子产品越来越多；

2．如何正确处理这些电子产品。

8.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowedthirtyminutestowritealetter.SupposeyouareZhangYing.WritealettertoXiaoWang,aschoolmateofyourswhoisgoingtovisityouduringtheweek-longholiday.Youshouldwriteatleast100wordsaccordingtothesuggestionsgivenbelowinChinese.

1.表示欢迎

2．提出关于度假安排的建议

3．提醒应注意的事项

ALettertoaSchoolmate

9.Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnFakeCommodities.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinEnglish:

1.Whatistakecommodity?

2.Theharmoffakecommodity.

3.Howtoputanendtofakecommodities?

10.Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanapplicationfortheassistantlibrarianinyourschool.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:

1.介绍你的姓名、班级、专业等基本信息

2.列举你的优点，证明你能胜任此职位

3.表明你对此工作的热情，渴望得到锻炼的机会

AnApplicationfortheAssistantLibrarian

二、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(10题)11.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Fpletethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

HowtoGetLuckyandLiveaCharmedLife

Forcenturies,peoplehaverecognizedthepowerofluckandhavedonewhatevertheycouldtotryseizingit.Takeknockingonwood,thoughttodatebacktopaganritualsaimedatelicitinghelpfrompowerfultreegods.Westilldoittoday,thoughfew,ifany,ofusworshiptreegods.Sowhydowepassthisandothersuperstitionsdownfromgenerationtogeneration?Theanswerliesinthepowerofhick.

LiveaCharmedlife

Toinvestigatescientificallywhysomepeopleareconsistentlyluckyandothersaren't,Iadvertisedinnationalperiodicalsforvolunteersofbothvarieties.Fourhundredmenandwomanfromallwalksoflife--ages18to84—responded.

Overaten-yearperiod,Iinterviewedthesevolunteers,askedthemtocompletediaries,personalityquestionnairesandIQtests,andinvitedthemtomylaboratoryforexperiments.Luckypeople,Ifound,getthatwayviasomebasicprinciples--seizingchanceopportunities;creatingself-fulfillingpropheciesthroughpositiveexpectations;andadoptingaresilientattitudethatturnshadluckaround.

OpenYourMind

Considerchanceopportunities:Luckypeopleregularlyhavethem;unluckypeopledon't.Todeterminewhy,Igaveluckyandunluckypeopleanewspaper,andaskedthemtotellmehowmanyphotoswereinside.Onaverage,unluckypeoplespentabouttwominutesunthisexercise;luckypeoplespentseconds.Why?Becauseonthepaper'ssecondinbigtype--wasthemessage"Stopcounting:Thereare43photographsinthisnewspaper."Luckypeopletendedtospotthemessage.Unluckyonesdidn't.Iputasecondonehalfwaythroughthepaper:"Stopcounting,telltheexperimenteryouhaveseenthisandwin＄250."Again,theunluckypeoplemissedit.

Thelesson:Unluckypeoplemisschanceopportunitiesbecausethey'retoobusylookingforsomethingelse.Luckypeopleseewhatisthereratherthanjustwhatthey'relookingfor.

Thisisonlypartofthestory.Manyofmylankyparticipantstriedhardtoaddvarietytotheirlives.Beforemakingimportantdecisions,onealteredhisroutetowork.Anotherdescribedawayofmeetingpeople.Henoticedthatatpartiesheusuallytalkedtothesametypeofperson.Tochangethis,hethoughtofacolorandthenspokeonlytoguestswearingthatcolor--womeninred,say,ormeninblack.

Doesthistechniquework?Well,imaginelivinginthecanterofanappleorchard.Eachdayyoumustcollectabasketofapples.Atfirst,itwon'tmatterwhereyoulook.Theentireorchardwillhaveapples.Gradually,itbecomeshardertofindapplesinplacesyou'vevisitedbefore.Ifyougotonewpartsoftheorchardeachtime,theoddsoffindingappleswillincreasedramatically.Itisexactlythesamewithluck.

RelishtheUpside

Anotherimportantprinciplerevolvedaroundthewayinwhichluckyandunluckypeopledealwithmisfortune.ImaginerepresentingyourcountryintheOlympics.Youcompete,dowell,andwinabronzemedal.NowimagineasecondOlympics.Thistimeyoudoevenbetterandwinasilvermedal.Howhappydoyouthinkyou'dfeel?Mostofusthinkwe'dbehappierafterwinningthesilvermedal.

Butresearchsuggestsathleteswhowinbronzemedalsareactuallyhappier.Thisisbecausesilvermedaliststhinkthatifthey'dperformedslightlybetter,theymighthavewonagoldmed

A.thepowerofluck

B.thepowerofGod

C.thepowerofbelief

D.thepowerofintelligence

12.

DavidVaughan'sgroupfoundthatmostoftheglaciersalongthePeninsulawereinretreat.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.TheTruthaboutLying

I'vebeenwantingtowriteonasubjectthatintriguesandchallengesme:thesubjectoflying.I'vefounditverydifficulttodo.EveryoneI'vetalkedtohasaquiteintenseandpersonalbutoftenratherintolerantpointofviewaboutwhatlieshecanandcannevertell.I'vefinallyreachedtheconclusionthatIcan'tpresentanyultimateconclusions,fortoomanypeoplewouldpromptlydisagree.Instead,I'dliketopresentaseriesofmoralpuzzles,allconcernedwithlying.I'lltellyouwhatIthinkaboutthem.Doyouagree?

SocialLies

MostofthepeopleI'vetalkedwithsaythattheyfindsociallyingacceptableandnecessary.Theythinkit'sthecivilizedwayforfolkstobehave.Withouttheselittlewhitelies,theysay,ourrelationshipswouldbeshortandnasty.It'sarrogant,theysay,toinsistonbeingincorruptibleandsobravethatyoucauseotherpeopleunnecessaryembarrassmentorpainbycompulsivelypresentingthemwithyourhonesty.Ibasicallyagree.Whataboutyou?

Willyousaytopeople,whenitsimplyisn'ttrue,"Ilikeyournewhairdo,""you'relookingmuchbetter,""It'ssonicetoseeyou,""Ihadawonderfultime"?Willyoupraiseuglypresentsanduglykids?

Andeventhough,asIdo,youmaypreferthepoliteevasionof"Youreallycookedastorm"insteadof"Thesoup"—whichtastelikewarmed-overcoffee—"iswonderful,"willyou,ifyoumust,proclaimitwonderful?

There'sonemanIknowwhoabsolutelyrefusestotellsociallies."Ican'tplaythatgame,"hesays,"Fmsimplynotmadethatway."Andhisanswertotheargumentthatsayingnicethingstosomeonedoesn'tcostanythingis,"Yes,itdoes--itdestroysyourcredibility."Myfrienddoesnotindulgeinwhathecalls"flattery,falsepraiseandsweetcomments".Whenotherstelllieshewillnotgoalong.Hesaysthatsociallyingislying,thatlittlewhiteliesarestilllies.Andhefeelsthattellingliesismorallywrong.Whataboutyou?

Peace-keepingLies

Manypeopletellpeace-keepinglies;liesdesignedtoavoidirritationorargument;liesdesignedtosheltertheliarfrompossibleblameorpain;liesdesignedtokeeptroubleatbaywithouthurtinganyone.

Itelltheseliesattimes,yetIalwaysfeelthey'rewrong.Iunderstandwhywetellthem,butstilltheyfeelwrong.AndwheneverIliesothatsomeonewon'tdisapproveofmeorthinklessofmeoryellatme,IfeelI'mabitofacoward,IfeelI'mdodgingresponsibility,Ifeelguilty.Whataboutyou?

Doyou,whenyouarclateforadatebecauseyouoverslept,sayyou'relatebecauseyougotcaughtintrafficjam?

Doyou,whenyoudidn'trememberthatitwasyourfather'sbirthday,saythathispresentmustbedelayedinthemail?

Finally,doyoukeepthepeacebytellingyourhusbandliesonthesubjectofmoney?Andingeneraldoyoufindyourselfready,willingandabletolietohimwhenyoumakeabsurdmistakesorloseorbreakthings?

ProtectiveLies

Protectiveliesareliesfolkstell—oftenquiteseriouslies--becausethey'reconvincedthatthetruthwouldbetoodamaging.Theyliebecausetheyfeeltherearecertainhumanvaluesthataremoreimportantthanthewrongofhavinglied.Theylie,notforpersonalgain,butbecausetheybelieveit'sforthegoodofthepersonthey'relyingto.Theylietothosewhotrustthemmostofall,onthegroundsthatbreakingthistrustisjustified.

Theymaylietotheirchildrenonmoneyormaritalmatters.

Theymaylietodyingaboutthestateoftheirhealth.

Isometimestellsuchlies,butI'mawarethatit'squitepresumptuoustoclaimIknowwhat'sbestforotherstoknow.That'scalledplayingGod.That'scalledmanipulationandcontrol.Andwenevercanbesure,oncewestarttoju

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Theonlyproblemthestudentsarefacingatgraduationisthedismaljobmarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

AccordingtotheCollegeBoard,studentscanprepareforSATby______.

16.

"Tapeandape"means______.

17.

Thestudyfoundthatthesizeof______inthecerebralcortexplaysanimportantroleinintelligence.

A.greymatterB.lobesC.nervesD.cells

18.

AccordingtoRamjee,thecombinationof________________ispossiblythemosteffectiveinpreventingHIVvirusfromtransmittingduringintercourse.

19.

ThegoldenAgeofGreececameinthe5thcenturyB.C.andtheOlympicGamescontributedthegreatnessofthisperiodmainlyby______.

20.

Thespacerequirementsoffilingareas,libraryspace,etc.shouldbedecidedbasingon______.

三、3.ListeningComprehension(10题)21.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

WeddingCrashersisacomedythathadoncetakenthetopatNorthAmericanboxofficein2005.Consideringthewaterloosmany(36)______filmshaveexperienced,Isupposeitisafairlyastonishingand(37)______achievementinthecompetitiveandunpredictablemarket.

Thestorylineisnot(38)______:WilsonandVaughnarelawyerssuccessfulindivorcesettlements,andtheyliketo(39)______intheweddingcrashinggames.Intonsofweddingparties,theysing,dance,andeat,butthesearenottheir(40)______motives.Theyareonlytoendupthedaywithsomeprettyfemaleattendeetogetintobed.

Repeated(41)______leadtounpleasantappetites.Attheendofthemarriageseason,they(42)______apowerwedding,thebrideofwhichisthedaughteroftheU.S.SecretaryoftheTreasury.ThereWilsonfallsinlovewithClaire,sisterofthebride.Afterthewedding,WilsonisinvitedtotheSecretary'shouse.However,hisliesarediscoveredandconsequentlyheis(43)______out.

Despiteallthese,thelovingflameinWilson'sheartdoesn'tseemtocrushout.Havingaccumulatedeverynervehecanget,(44)____________.GivingwaytotheHollywoodromanticcomedyrule,thisfilmendsupwithahappycome-off.

Franklyspeaking,thisfilmisnotasfunnyasIthought.(45)____________.Anyhow,thehugeboxofficesuccessjustprovedtothewholeworldthatAmericanslovethisfilmalot.(46)____________.

22.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Amongstthemostpopularbooksbeingwrittentodayarethosewhichareusually【B1】______assciencefiction,Hundredsof【B2】______arepublishedeveryyearandarereadbyallkindsdpeople.【B3】______,someofthemostsuccessfulfilmsofrecentyearshavebeenbasedonsciencefictionstories.

Itisoftenthoughtthatsciencefictionisfairlynewdevelopmentin【B4】______,butits【B5】______canbefoundinbookswrittenhundredsofyearsago.Theehookswereoften【B6】______withthe【B7】______ofsomeform.ofidealsociety,a【B8】______whichisstilloftenfoundinmodernstories.

【B9】______.BooksbywriterssuchasJulesVerneandH.G.Wells,tomentionjusttwowell-knownauthors,havebeentranslatedintomanylanguages.

Modemsciencefictionwritersdon'twriteaboutmenfromMarsorspaceadventurestories.Theyaremoreinterestedinpredictingtheresultsoftechnicaldevelopmentsonsocietyandthehumanmind,【B10】______.Becauseofthis,theirwritinghasobviouspoliticalundertones.

【B11】______.Thosewhoaresufficientlyclear-sightedtoseethewaywearegoing,however,mayprovideavaluablelessononhowtodealwiththeproblemswhichsocietywillinevitablyfaceasittriestomasteritsnewtechnologyandcometotermswithacontinuallychangingviewoftheworld.

【B1】

23.

【B5】

24.(31)

A.Chemicals,lumberandcattle.

B.Chemicals,lumberandautomobiles.

C.Chemicals,automobilesandcattle.

D.Lumber,automobilesandcattle.

25.听力原文：W:Hey,Mike!Whereamyouoffto?

M:I'mheadingforthePriceChopper.Idoalotofthefamilyshoppingsincemymomgotapan-timejob.

W:Canyougivemearide?Iwanttogetsomedrinks.

M:Sure!Let'sgo!

W:Doyouenjoyshopping?

M:Enjoy?Idon'tmindadmitting1hateshoppingalmostasmuchasIhatealgebra.Correction!IhateshoppingevenmorethanIhatealgebra.

W:Yipe!Alooseshoppingcart!

M:TodayI'mproudofmyself.Irememberedtobringalongmyshoppinglist.

W:You'rebecominganexperiencedshopper!

M:Gosh!Wrongshoppinglist!

W:I'msorrytohearthat.

M:Butit'sokay!I'msureIcanremembermostofthesixorsevenitemsthatmymomwantedmetopickup.

W:Watchoutforthecart.Mike!

M:Thanks!Youknow,asIscamperthroughtheaislesIcanalwayssuccessfullyavoidtheflyingcartsofmyfellowshoppers.

W:Whew!Thatwasclose!

M:Yousee!ImanagetopickupwhatIwantinrecordtime!

W:Great!Let'sheadfortheexpressline.Everyoneknowsexpresslinesmovemuchfasterthanregularlines.

M:Allright!Oh,unfortunately,thisexpresslinedoesn'tmoveatall!

W:Thenextlinehasoneshopper.Let'sswitchlines!

(20)

A.It'samarket.

B.It'sarecreationcenter.

C.It'sanalgebraschool.

D.It'sthenameofapart-timejob.

26.听力原文：W:Idon'tknowwhattheproblemis.You'dbettergivemctheworks.

M:Okay.I'llchangetheoilandcheckthebrake.

Q:Whomisshetalkingto?

(17)

A.Aplumber.

B.Anautomobilemechanic.

C.Adoctor.

D.Ahairstylist.

27.

【B6】

28.

【B7】

29.听力原文：ThecolorfulInternetdrawsustocomputersandbringsusjoyandwealth.However,itisalsoaffectingourhealth,becauseofincreasedcomputeruse.Somepeoplehumorouslycallthesenegativeeffectsthe"sixdestructivefistsoftheInternet".

First,itdamagestheeyes.Howevergoodyourmonitoris,whetheritislow-raditionorLCD,youwilldefinitelyfeellight-headedafteradayofweb-surfing.

Secondly,itdamagesthehands.Theconstantrepetitiousmovementswillmakeyourfingersandwristssoreandaching.

Thirdly,itdamagesthemouth.WhenpeopleareroamingintheseaoftheInternetandchattingwiththekeyboard,themouthisthemostunusedorgan.

Fourthly,ithurtstheback.Peoplewillsitmotionlessinfrontofcomputersforseveralhours.Theirmidsectionsandskeletalsystemssufferthemost.

Fifthly,itdamagesthestomach.Itisalmostimpossibleforweb-surferstohavehealthystomachs.Theyalwayseatverysimply.Sometimestheywillhaveasleepfirst,insteadofeatinganything.

Lastly,itdamagestheliver,whichistheresultofirregularperiodsofsleepandanunhealthydiet.

Althoughthe"sixdestructivefistsoftheInternet"isonlythenicknamebyweb-surfersfortheirdiscomfort,itremindsusthatweshouldnotneglectourhealthwhenaddictedtothevibrancy,highspeedandefficiencyoftheInternet.

TheattractionoftheInternetisirresistible.However,addictiontoitwilldamageourphysicalandmentalhealth.Infact,theInternetandcomputersthemselvescan'tcausethediscomfortinourbody.WeshouldusecomputersreasonablytokeepupwiththeInternethealthily.

(33)

A.ThehighspeedandefficiencyoftheInternet.

B.ThehealthproblemsduetoaddictiontotheInternet.

C.ThejoyandcomfortprovidedbytheInternet.

D.TheirresistibleattractionoftheInternet.

30.听力原文：W:Hi,Bill.Youaresolate.Themeetinghasalreadystarted.

M:Oh,IoriginallythoughtIknewthewaywellenough.Idrove20milesoneway,then6anotherbeforeIgothere.

Q:WhatisthedistanceshouldBilldrivetoattendthemeeting?

(19)

A.20miles.B.6miles.C.14miles.D.26miles.

四、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(3题)31.

OnereasonthatJapanhasbeenabletoweatheritslong-termfinancialdistressisthat______.

32.TheNationalAssociationofSecuritiesDealersisinvestigatingwhethersomebrokeragehousesareinappropriatelypushingindividualstoborrowlargesumsontheirhousestoinvestinthestockmarket.Canwepersuadetheassociationtoinvestigatewould-beprivatizersofSocialSecurity?ForitisnowapparentthattheBushadministration'sprivatizationproposalwillamounttothesamething,borrowtrillions,putthemoneyinthestockmarketandhope.

Privatizationwouldbeginbydivertingpayrolltaxes,whichpayforcurrentSocialSecuritybenefits,intopersonalinvestmentaccounts.Thegovernmentwouldhavetoborrowtomakeuptheshortfall.Thiswouldsharplyincreasethegovernment'sdebt."Nevermind,"privatizationadvocatessay,"inthelongrun,peoplewouldmakesomuchonpersonalaccountsthatthegovernmentcouldsavemoneybycuttingretirees'benefits."

Evenso,ifpersonalinvestmentaccountswereinvestedinTreasurybonds,thiswholeprocesswouldaccomplishpreciselynothing.Theinterestworkerswouldreceiveontheiraccountswouldexactlymatchtheinterestthegovernmentwouldhavetopayonitsadditionaldebt.Tocompensatefortheinitialborrowing,thegovernmentwouldhavetocutfuturebenefitssomuchthatworkerswouldgainnothingatall.However,privatizersclaimthattheseinvestmentswouldmakealotofmoneyandthat,ineffect,thegovernment,nottheworkers,wouldreapmostofthosegains,becauseaspersonalaccountsgrew,thegovernmentcouldcutbenefits.

Wecanargueatlengthaboutwhetherthehighstockreturnssuchschemesassumearerealistic(theyaren't),butlet'scuttothechase:inessence,suchschemesinvolvehavingthegovernmentborrowheavilyandputthemoneyinthestockmarket.That'sbecausethegovernmentwould,ineffect,confiscateworkers'gainsintheirpersonalaccountsbycuttingthoseworkers'benefits.

Onceyourealizewhatprivatizationreallymeans,itdoesn'tsoundtooresponsible,doesit?Butthedetailsmakeitconsiderablyworse.First,financialmarketswould,correctly,treattherealityofhugedeficitstodayasamuchmoreimportantindicatorofthegovernment'sfiscalhealththanthemerepromisethatgovernmentcouldsavemoneybycuttingbenefitsinthedistantfuture.Afterall,agovernmentbondisalegallybindingpromisetopay,whileabenefitsformulathatsupposedlycutscosts40yearsfromnowisnothingmorethanasuggestiontofutureCongresses.Ifaprivatizationplanpassedin2005calledforsteepbenefitcutsin2045,whataretheoddsthatthosecutswouldreallyhappen?Second,asystemofpersonalaccountswouldpayhugebrokeragefees.Ofcourse,fromWallStreet'spointofviewthat'sabenefit,notacost.

Accordingtotheauthor,"privatizers"arethose______.

A.whoborrowfrombankstoinvestinthestockmarket

B.whoinvestinTreasurybonds

C.whoadvocatethegovernmenttoborrowmoneyfromcitizens

D.whoearnlargesumsofmoneyinpersonalaccounts

33.

Intheauthor'sopinion,technicalprogresssuchasinventionsofgunpowderandthemariner'scompassduringthecivilizedprocesscannotbe__________tothepowerofspeech,writingandagriculture.

五、5.ErrorCorrection(3题)34.

【S5】

35.

【S6】

36.【S8】

六、6.ErrorCorrection(3题)37.

【S9】

38.Itis,everyoneagrees,ahugetaskthatthechildperforms

whenhelearnstospeak,andthefactthathedoessoinsuchS1._______

shortaperiodoftimechallengesexplanation.

Languagelearningbeginswithlistening.Individualchildren

varyinggreatlyintheamountoflisteningtheydobeforetheyS2._______

startspeaking,andlatestartersareoftenlonglisteners.Most

childrenwill"obey"spokeninstructionssometimebeforethey

canspeak,buttheword"obey"ishardlyaccurateasadescrip-S3._______

tionoftheeageranddelightcooperationusuallyshownbytheS4._______

child.Aftertheycanspeak,manychildrenwillaskquestionsbyS5._______

gesturesandbymakingquestioningnoises.

Anyattempttotracethedevelopmentfromthevoicesba-S6._______

biesmaketotheirfirstspokenwordsleadstoconsiderablediffi-

culties.Whatisagreedthattheyenjoy,makingnoises,andthatS7._______

duringthefirstfewmonthsoneortwonoisessortthemselvesout

asparticularlyindicativeofdelight,distress,sociability,andso

on.Butsincethesecannotbesaidtoshowthebaby'sintention

tocommunicate,theycanhardlyberegardedasearlyformsof

language.Itisagreed,either,thatfromaboutthreemonthsS8._______

theyplaywithsoundsforenjoymentandbysixmonthstheyareS9._______

abletoaddnewsoundstotheirrepertoire.(能发出的全部声音).

Thisself-imitationleadsontodeliberateimitationofsounds

makeorwordsspokentothembyotherpeople.TheproblemS10._______

thenarisesastothepointatwhichonecansaythattheirimita-

tionscanbeconsideredasspeech.

【S1】

39.【S5】

参考答案

1.ShouldClassAttendanceBeOptional?Thosewhohavebeentocollegelectureswillfindthefollowingsituationacommonsight:Theclassroomishalfempty;thoseattendingclassesarenotalwayslisteningtotheteacher;somearetextingtheirfriendswhileothershavefallenasleep.Suchsituationposesaquestiontous:Shouldclassattendancebecompulsoryoroptional?Toanswerthequestionweshouldconsiderthenatureandqualityofcoursesandalsotheneedsofthestudents.Firstofallweshouldconsiderwhatcoursesareputintheschoolcurriculum.Iftheyarewelldesignedandsuitthelevelsandneedsofthestudentstheyshouldbemadecompulsorycourses.Ofcoursetheteachers'professionalandacademicstandardsarealsoimportantinimplementingcoursegoalsandensuringdesiredoutcome.Unnecessarycoursesandpoorqualityteachingcanonlyleadtowastingtimeifstudentsareforcedtoattendsuchcourses.Secondlythosestudentsatthetopoftheclassandmostcompetitiveintheirlearningandalsocapableofstudyingindependantlydonothavetoattendallthecoursesofferedbytheschoolcurriculum.Theyshouldbeencouragedtolearnmoreunderthetutor'sindividualguidanceinsteadofstudyingwhattheyalreadyknow.InmanyworldfamousuniversitieslikeHarvardandCambridgestudentsspendmuchlesstimeattendinglectures.Theygaintheirknowledgeandskillsbyreadinganddoingresearchwork.Inconclusioncollegesshouldnotforcestudentstoattendallcourseswithoutcarefullyconsideringthetwofactorsdiscussedabove.Asamatteroffacttobringupstudentswhocanmeetthedemandsofourneweraoureducationneedsreformingandtraditionalviewsonteachingandlearningshouldbechallenged.Onlyinthiswaycanwehopetomotivatemoretalentedstudentstolearnwellandaimhighinschoolandintheirfuturejobs.ShouldClassAttendanceBeOptional?Thosewhohavebeentocollegelectureswillfindthefollowingsituationacommonsight:Theclassroomishalfempty;thoseattendingclassesarenotalwayslisteningtotheteacher;somearetextingtheirfriendswhileothershavefallenasleep.Suchsituationposesaquestiontous:Shouldclassattendancebecompulsoryoroptional?Toanswerthequestion,weshouldconsiderthenatureandqualityofcoursesandalsotheneedsofthestudents.Firstofall,weshouldconsiderwhatcoursesareputintheschoolcurriculum.Iftheyarewelldesignedandsuitthelevelsandneedsofthestudents,theyshouldbemadecompulsorycourses.Ofcourse,theteachers'professionalandacademicstandardsarealsoimportantinimplementingcoursegoalsandensuringdesiredoutcome.Unnecessarycoursesandpoorqualityteachingcanonlyleadtowastingtimeifstudentsareforcedtoattendsuchcourses.Secondly,thosestudentsatthetopoftheclassandmostcompetitiveint