【名师测控】(浙江专版)2018年中考英语特训总复习第一部分教材知识梳理篇第6课时八上Units1-2

PAGEPAGE4第6课时八年级(上)Units1－2,基础知识梳理重点单词1.anyonepron.任何人2．someonepron.某人3．everyonepron.每人；人人；所有人4．somethingpron.某事；某物5．nothingpron.没有什么；没有一件东西6．anywhereadv.在任何地方7．henn．母鸡8．pign.猪9．duckn.鸭10．birdn.鸟11．hilln．小山；山丘12．topn.顶部；表面13．seemv.好像；似乎；看来14．diaryn.日记；记事簿15．tryv．&n.尝试；设法；努力16.bicyclen.自行车；脚踏车17．umbrellan.伞；雨伞18．wetadj.湿的；潮湿的；下雨的19．belowprep.&adv.在……下面；到……下面20．asadv.像……一样；如同21．houseworkn．家务劳动；家务事22.hardlyadv.几乎不；几乎没有23．everadv.在任何时候；从来；曾经24．Internetn．(国际)互联网；因特网25．programn．节目26．maybeadv.大概；或许；可能27．coffeen．咖啡28．resultn．结果；后果29．percentn．百分之……30.onlineadj.&adv.在线(的)；联网(的)31．televisionn．电视节目；电视机32．althoughconj.虽然；尽管；即使33．throughprep.以；凭借；穿过34．mindn．头脑；心智35．bodyn．身体36．togetheradv.在一起；共同37．dentistn．牙科医生38．magazinen．杂志；期刊39．howeveradv.然而；不过40．nonepron.没有一个；毫无41．pointv．&n.得分；点42．almostadv.几乎；差不多try的用法【名师解析】try的用法trytodosth.意为“尽力；设法做某事”，强调付出一定的努力trydoingsth.意为“尝试做某事”，但不一定付出很大努力try构成的其他搭配还有：tryon试穿；tryout试用；实验；tryone'sbest尽某人最大努力try也可作名词，固定短语为haveatry试一试如：ShewilltrytolearnFrench.她将会努力学习法语。Hetriesdrivingacar.他试着开车。Thisnewhatisforyou.Pleasetryiton.这顶新帽子是给你的。请试试看。【对点导练】1．Writeascarefullyasyoucanandtrynot__to__make__(make)anymistake.2．Thenexttimeyoufeelstressedortired，try__doing__(do)someexercisestorelaxyourself.3．I'mnotsurewhetherthismethodworks，butIwanttohavea__try__(尝试)．wonder的用法【名师解析】Iwonderwhatlifewaslikehereinthepast.我想知道过去这儿的生活是什么样的。(1)wonderv.意为“想知道；对……感到怀疑”。具体用法如下：后接who，what，why，when等引导的宾语从句，表示“想知道；对……感到惊讶”。如：Iwonderwhyshedidthat.我想知道她为什么做那件事。后接if或whether引导的宾语从句，用于有礼貌的询问。如：Shewonderedwhetheryouwerefreethatmorning.她想知道那天早晨你是否有空。后接“疑问词＋不定式”构成短语。如：Hewonderswhattodonext.他想知道接下来做什么。(2)wondern．惊奇；奇迹。常用固定句型有：It'sawonder(that)…奇怪的是……；令人惊奇的是……。如：It'sawonderthatsheisstillalive.令人惊奇的是她还活着。It'snowonder(that)…＝nowonder(that)…难怪……；……不足为奇。如：It'snowonderthattheywon'tcome.难怪他们没来。【对点导练】1．I__wonder__(想知道)whenhewillcomehere.2．__It's______no____wonder__(难怪)thattheyaresoexcited.enough的用法【名师解析】词汇用法图示enough作形容词时，置于名词前后均可(但前置多见)。作副词时，置于所修饰的形容词、副词之后。【知识拓展】enoughtodosth.常与too…to或so…that进行句型转换。如：Tomisn'toldenoughtogotoschool.汤姆不够大，不能去上学。Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.Tomissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.【对点导练】1．Byworkingasatutor，Saraearned__enough__(足够的)moneytobuyherfavoriteskirt.2．Neverdoubtyourability.Everyday，youshouldtellyourselfthatyou'regood__enough__(足够)fortheworld.3．Youneedn'tsendTomtoschoolanymore.Heisoldenough__to__go__(go)toschoolbyhimself.mind的用法【名师解析】(1)n.思想；想法；头脑；智力。常见的含名词mind的短语有：changeone'smind改变主意makeupone'smindtodo…某人下定决心做……setone'smindtodo…某人专注于做……keep…inmind牢记……cometoone'smind某人突然想起(2)v.介意；反对。用于疑问句和否定句中，后接名词、代词、动名词或从句等。常见的句式有：①“Would/Doyouminddoingsth.？”意为“劳驾……好吗？”或“请问，(你)可否……？”，常用来表示委婉、客气的请求。如：Wouldyoumindclosingthedoor？劳驾，把门关上好吗？②“Would/Doyoumind＋人称代词宾格/形容词性物主代词＋doingsth.？”意为“某人做某事，你介意吗？”如：Doyoumindmyclosingthewindow？我把窗户关上，你介意吗？回答Wouldyoumind…？提出的问题时，表示允许或不介意常用Certainlynot./Ofcoursenot./Notatall.作答；若表示介意或不希望对方做某事时常用Sorry，but…/Betternot.等作答。如：—Wouldyoumindmysittinghere？你介意我坐在这儿吗？—You'dbetternot.你最好不要。【对点导练】1．Ifeelalittlecold.Doyou__mind__(介意)ifIclosedthedoor?2．—Wouldyoumind__taking__(take)outthelitterwhenyougoout?—Certainlynot.Iwilldoitrightaway.辨析die，dead，death与dying【名师解析】词汇用法例句die不及物动词，是短暂性动词。Thepoormandiedthreeyearsago.那个穷人3年前去世了。dead形容词，意为“死的”，用来作表语和定语。Thoughheisdead，heisstillaliveinourhearts.尽管他死了，但仍然活在我们心中。death名词，意为“死亡”。Hisdeathmadeusverysad.他的死使我们很伤心。dyingdie的现在分词，也可用作形容词，表示“垂死的；濒死的”，常用作定语。Thedoctortriedtosavethedyingboy.医生努力抢救这个生命垂危的男孩。【对点导练】death，die，dying，dead1．Wewereallshockedathissudden__death__.2．Mr.Liupassedawaylastweek.He__died__ofcancer.3．Althoughhisunclehasbeen____dead__foryears，hisauntstilllivesinthathouse.4．Therearemanyendangeredanimals__dying__outnowadays，soallofusshoulddosomethingaboutit.辨析muchtoo，toomuch与toomany【名师解析】短语含义用法muchtoo意为“太”much是用来加强too的，后接形容词或副词。toomuch意为“太多的”too是用来加强much的，后接不可数名词。toomany意为“太多的”后接可数名词复数形式。【对点导练】1．Thereare__too__many__peopleonthebus.2．Thereis__too__much__wateronthefloor.3．I'mafraidthatcapis__much__too__bigforme.辨析because与becauseof【名师解析】because与becauseof意思相同，均含有“因为”之意，但用法却不大相同。词汇用法例句becausebecause是从属连词，后接句子。引导状语从句，用来回答以why引导的特殊疑问句。Wehavetoplayinsidebecauseitisraining.因为正在下雨，我们不得不在屋里玩。—Whydidn'thecome？他为什么没来？—Becausehehadanimportantmeetingtoattend.因为他有个重要的会议要参加。becauseofbecauseof是介词短语，其后面跟名词、代词或动名词。Hewaslateagainbecauseoftheheavyrain.＝Hewaslateagainbecauseitrainedheavily.因为下大雨，他又迟到了。【对点导练】1．Hedidn'tcometothepartyyesterday__because__(因为)hewastoobusy.2．__Because__of__(因为)theheavyrain，thesportsmeetinghastobeputoff.3．YoumustsaysorrytoJack.__Because__(因为)whatyousaidjustnowhurthimdeeply.HowoftendoyouwatchTV？你多久看一次电视？【名师解析】短语含义用法howoften意为“多久一次”答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，once/twiceaday/month等表示频率的副词或短语。howlong意为“多长时间”答语通常是(for)threedays/weeks/months等时间段。howsoon意为“多久以后”常用在一般将来时态的句子中，其答语通常是“in＋一段时间”。howfar意为“多远”答语通常是表示距离的短语。【对点导练】1．—__How______often__aretheOlympicGamesheld?—Everyfouryears.2．—__How______soon____willyourfatherbeback?—Infivedays.3．—__How____far__isitfromyourhometoschool?—5minutes'walk.4．—__How______long__haveyouworkedinthiscompany?—Sincethreeyearsago.,话题作文健康生活【话题解析】分析全国近五年，尤其是浙江省近三年关于健康生活话题的书面表达的命题角度，此话题主要分为两类：体育锻炼和健康饮食。体育锻炼涉及的要点有：①开展体育锻炼的方式；②多进行体育活动，强身健体；③养成正确的用眼习惯，预防近视等。健康饮食涉及的要点主要是介绍健康饮食和健康生活的具体做法及好处。在成文的过程中，此类文章一般为一般现在时态。【常用表达】常用短语：begoodfor，asoftenaspossible，junkfood，morethan，lessthan等。常用句型：1．Nowadays，almosteveryoneismoreconcernaboutmoneythantheirhealth.2．Hehasaveryhealthylifestyle.3．Doyouwanttohaveahealthylife？Herearesometipsforyoutofollow.4．Ithinkswimmingisoneofthebestexercises.5．Weshouldexerciseatleasttwiceaweek.6．Enoughsleepisgoodforourhealth.7．Itisnotgoodtoeattoomuchjunkfoodandsomefoodwhichisrichoffatandsugar.8．Generallyspeaking，peopleshouldpaymoreattentiontohealth.9．Let'seathealthily，domoreexercise，andhaveenoughsleep.典例示范近来，中小学生的健康问题日益引起人们的关注。其中垃圾食品、电子游戏等是影响健康的重要因素，请以“KeepHealthy”为题谈谈你的看法。要求：1．列举中小学生面临的健康问题；2．谈谈怎样才能保持健康；3．80词左右，开头已给出，不计入词数；4．语法正确，文理通顺、流畅，并适当发挥。提示词：junkfood，bebadfor，computergames，suggestions，stayawayfromKeepHealthyToday，somestudentshaveseveralhealthproblems.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【写作思路】如何保持健康1.列举不健康的生活现象2．如何保持健康饮食生活锻炼3．表达健康的重要性唤醒人们的健康意识【范文展示】KeepHealthyToday，somestudentshaveseveralhealthproblems.Oneofthemisjunkfood.It'sbadfortheirhealth.Althoughtheirparentsdon'twantthemtoeattoomuchjunkfood，theystilleatit.Someofthemeatthiskindoffoodeveryday.Someonlyonceortwiceaweek.Anotherproblemisplayingcomputergames.It'sbadfortheireyes.Theycaneasilybeshort­sightedafterplayingcomputergamesforalongtime.Besides，theycan'tpayattentiontostudy，either.Sotheywon'tstudywell.Andsomestudentsdon'thaveenoughtimetosleep.Theyalwayshavetoomuchhomeworktodoandhavetostayuptoolate.It'salsobadfortheirhealth.Whatshouldwedotokeephealthy？Firstly，Ithinkweshouldeatmorevegetablesandfruits.Secondly，weshouldlistentoparents'suggestions，andstayawayfromcomputergames.Thirdly，weshouldkeepabouteighthours'sleepeverydayandlearntorelax.Wecandosportseveryday，suchasrunningandplayingballgames.Ofcourse，therearealsosomeothergoodwaystokeephealthy.模拟演练健康的身体是我们中学生学习的保证。但是网络抢走了我们的锻炼时间，垃圾食品威胁着我们的健康。请根据下面的提示，以“HowtoKeepHealthy”为题写一篇英语短文。提示：1．坚持锻炼；2．健康饮食；3．合理上网；4．充足的睡眠；5．保持愉快的心情。要求：1．不要逐条翻译，可适当