2023年上海初三中考英语一轮复习讲练第8讲 主谓一致带讲解

主谓一致指“人称”和“数”方面的一致关系。一般情况下，主谓之间的一致关系由以下三个原则的支配：特殊名词作主语时与谓语动词数的一致等。I.语法一致原则TomandMikearefromtheU.S.A.BothLucyandLilyarestudents.Breadandbutter(=Butteredbread)ismyson’sfavour.【例题精讲】AamBwasCareD.were—Isthereanythingwrongwithyourwatch?—No,thereisn't.Everyoneisreadyforthesportsmeeting.Neitherofthegirlslikesfootball.Noneofthepeoplehereisafarmer.Nostudentistoleavetheclassroomduringtheclass.Nostrangersarefoundwithin20metersofthesciencelab.1.Tosaysomethingonething;todoitanother.A.is...areB.are...isC.is...isD.are...are2.Eitherofthebooksmine.A.belongtoB.isofC.isD.are3.Noone____swimminginsuchbadweather.A.likeB.likesC.likingD.likedTheteacherwithherstudentswasexcitedafterthematch.NobodybutSamandMikewasintheclassroom.Mr.GreentogetherwithhiswifeandtwodaughtersiscomingtoBeijing.MyparentsaswellasIareinterestedinactionmovies.tPlentyofwaterontheearthisseawater.Amountsofwaterareusedtowaterflowers.Lotsofpeoplehavebeenthere.Anumberoftreeswerecutdown.Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis32.单数形式；如果是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数形式。TwothirdsofthefurniturewasdesignedandmadeinJapan.70%ofthestudentsagreewithwhattheirclassteachersaidjustnow.s2.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth______sea.A.isB.areC.wereD.hasbeen。Morethanonehousehasbeendamagedinthehurricane.Manyastudenthastakenpartinthevoluntaryworksofar.Morethantwohouseshavebeendamagedinthehurricane.Apairofsunglassesislyingonthetable.Fiftypairsofshoesaremadeeachday.sMyglasseswerebrokensoIhadtobuyanewone.RedshoesbelongtoAlicewhilebluepantsaremine.1.Threeglassesofmilk(be)enoughforus.AareBwereCisD.was【巩固练习】1.Oneofmyfriends_______movedtoAmerica.Imisshersomuch.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are2.Something______wrongwithmyTVset.A.hasB.haveC.isD.are4.Thenumberofbooksinthebookshopis10,000andanumberofthem_____aboutscience.A.isB.wasC.areD.were5.Anumberofcars______infrontoftheparkA.isparkedB.wasparkedC.areparkedD.haveparked常作复数，随后的动词用复数形式；Thepolicearehelpingagirlfindherparents.Peopletherearelivingahappylife.该名词所表示的名词视为一个整体，则动词用单数。Myfamilyaregoingonvacationnextmonth.VS.Myfamilyisasmallonewiththreepeople.ThegovernmentisdoingitsbesttoincreaseproductionVS.Thegovernmenthavediscussedthematterforalongtimebuttheyhaven’tmadeadecisionyet.Thefootballteamisbeingrecognized.VS.Thefootballteamarehavingbathsandthencomingbackherefoetea.1.Myfamilywonderful.Theydoalltheycanforme.A.isB.areC.wasD.were2.Thefootballteambathsnow.A.hasB.ishavingC.arehavingD.have单数含义,谓语动词用单数形式。Physicsisanimportantsubjectinmiddleschools.Mathematicsisthestudyofnumbers.Thenewslastsaboutonehour.Aheadquarterwassetuptodirecttheoperation.VS.TheirheadquartersareinParis.Theonlymeanstoachievesuccessistouseweapons.VS.Allmeanshavebeentriedouttoincreaseagriculturalproduction.Anewspeciesofmammalhasbeenfound.VS.Altogetherabout450speciesofflatfishareknown.1.TheNewYorkTimesawidecirculation.A.isB.hasC.areD.have2.Hismathsweak.A.isB.haveC.hasD.are3.TheChinesebraveandhard-working.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.are4.TheChinesepeoplebraveandhard-workingone.A.isB.wasC.havebeenD.were5.TheUnitedNationsin1945.A.werefoundB.werefoundedC.wasfoundedD.wasfound【答案】BAADC3)表示“一段时间”、“一笔钱”、“一段距离”、“一个数量”和“一块面积”的复数名词作主语，看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数动词形式;表示若干个个别的单位(一个一个计算，总数超过一个)时，谓语动词用复数Sixmonthsistooshortatimetolearnalanguagewell.Thebankerthoughtthatsixmillionwasnottoomuchtoinvestinbusiness.Threemileswastoolongadistanceforhimtorun.Fivehoursisneededtocompletetheworkhere.Thereweresixsilverdollarsineachofthestockings.1.Twentyyears(pass)sincehelefthishometown.2.Tendollars________(be)notenoughformetobuyaskirt.3.Theyoung________(play)videogamesalotonSundays.【巩固练习】1.Thewholeclass_______jumpingforjoy.A.isB.areC.wasD.hasbeen2.AllIwant_______roomsomewhere.A.wereB.areC.isD.hasbeen3.Mostoftheapple_______byarat.A.waseatenB.wereeatenC.eatenD.havebeeneaten4.Halfoftheyear_______.A.havepassedB.PassC.passD.haspassed5.Ihavereadalargepartofthebook,therest_______moredifficult.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are6.Plantingflowers_______myfavorite.A.haveB.isC.areD.has7.Notonlytheearthbutalsootherplanetsinthesolarsystem_______roundthesun.A.moveB.movesC.ismovingD.aremoving8.Thirty_______longenough.A.footareB.feetisC.meterwereD.meterwasIII.就近一致原则or,either…or…,neither…nor…,notonly…butalso…连接的主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于离谓语较NotonlyTombutalsoMaryandHelenarefromAmerica.Thestudentsortheirteacherlikesthenewclassroom.2)Thereisabookandtwopensonthedesk.3)Therearetwopensandabookonthedesk.【巩固练习】2.NeitherJanenorherbrothersaconsentformfortomorrow’sfieldtrip.A.needB.needsC.isneedingD.hasneed.3.IntheroomabigtableandagreatmanychairsA.hasfindB.isfoundC.werefoundD.havefound4.Hereoneortwothingsthathavetomention.A.isB.areC.hasD.have5.Eitheryourteacheroryoumistaken.A.areB.isC.hasD.be一、单项选一、单项选择1．Helenisgoodatmath,soshe________herbrotherwithhismatheveryday.helpingBhelpedChelpsDhashelped2．Mr.Wilsontogetherwithhisfriends________Pyengchang.Theywenttheretowatchthe2018WinterOlympicGames.onetoBhavegonetoChasbeentoDhavebeento3．Lindaalongwithherparents________crazyabouttheTVplay.Theywatchiteveryday.reisMissLiu—Shetogetherwithherstudents________LianyungangGrandTheatre.onetoBhavegonetoChasbeentoDhavebeento5．YuanLongping,thefatherofhybridrice,withtheother41greatpeople,________withtheMedaloftheRepublic(共和国勋章)byPresidentXiJinpingonSept.17,2019.AwaspresentedBwerepresentedChaspresentedD．havepresented6．YuanLongping________madecontributiontosolvingtheChinesepeople’sfoodproblem________setamonumenttoworldpeaceandsocialprogress.A．either;orB．not;butC．notonly;butalsoD．both:aswell7．________Jim_________hiscousinshavebeentoAmerica,but_________ofthemknowthecitywell.A．Notonly;butalso;allB．Neither;nor;bothC．Both;and;neitherD．Neither;nor;all8．Notonlythekidbutalsotheirparents________theinternetattheweekend.AsurfsBsurfC．willsurfD．issurfing9．_________myparents_________mybrotherhasgonesurfing.Theyleavemealoneonthebeach.AEitherorBNeithernorCNotonlybutalsoDBothand10．There’realwayslotsof________inthestreetduringtheChineseSpringFestival.11．—Howmuchs________thispairoftrousers?—Tendollars________enough.12．Threeyears________sincethepoorlittlegirl’sgrandma________.A．haspassed;deadB．havepassed;deathC．haspassed;diedD．havepassed;died13．—Guesshowmuchthescissors________.—Ithinktendollars________enough.AisisBisareCareisD．are;are14．ThepopulationofIndia________thanthatofMalaysia.AarebiggerBislessCaresmallerD．islarger15．________peoplethinkthatCharlieistheperfectperson________themainroleinthefilm.AAnumberofforB．Anumberof;toCThenumberofforD．Numbersof;with16．Spacecraft_________made________possibleforhumanstoresearch________theuniverse.A．have;it;toB．has;that;ofC．have;it;intoD．has;that;for17．________ofthestudentsinourschool________left-behindchildren.reefifthsisCThreefifthareDThreefifthsare18．Notonlymyfriendsbutalsomysister________interestedinfootball.19．—Whydidyoubuysuchasmallshelf?_________books_________shoescanbeputonit.—Butmyblindboxescan,Iguess.ABothandB．Either;orC．Neither;norD．Notonly;butalso20．________myparents________mysisterlikesHi,Mom.Theythinkit’sinterestingandmoving.ndBEitherorCNotonlybutalsoDNeithernor—Yes!________I________mymumlikesit.ANeithernorBNotonlybutalsoCEitherorDBothand22．—Ican’tfindSimon.Doyouseehim?—Yes.Hewithhefriends_________volleyball.A．arepractisingplayingB．ispractisingplayingCarepractisingtoplayD．ispractisingtoplay23．Theboywithtwodogs________intheyardwhentheearthquakehitthecity.gBareplayingCwasplayingDwereplaying24．Jenny,togetherwiththeGreens________theWhiteTowerParkifit________tomorrow.AaregoingtoisntrainyB．isgoingto;doesn’trainCaregoingtowontrainD．isgoingto;isn’train25．—Howtimeflies!Threeyears_____sinceweenteredthemiddleschool.—Soitis.Iwillneverforgetthedaysthatwespenttogetherinthisschool.AhaspassedB．havepassedC．passedD．passes26．Onethousandkilometers________quitealongwaytotheancient,butnowwecancompletethejourneyinaboutonehourbyair.hadCwereDhave27．IplantotraveltoAmericanextmonth,andIthink2000dollars________enough.AwasBareCisD．were28．Mycousinenjoysapplesofthiskindbecausetheyare________sweet________juicy.AneitherorBnotnorC．too;toD．notonly;butalso29．YuanLongping,thefatherofhybridrice,withtheother41greatpeople,________theMedaloftheRepublic(共和国勋章)byPresidentXiJinpingonSept.17,2019.A．waspresentedwithB．hadpresentedtoC．werepresentedtoD．haspresentedwith30．Fourdays________enoughforus.Westillneedtwomoredays.【详解】句意：海伦擅长数学，所以她每天都在数学方面帮助她弟弟。考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“everyday”可知，此处应用一般现在时，表示习惯性或经常性的动作。主语为she，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。【详解】句意：威尔逊先生和他的朋友们一起去过平昌。他们去那里观看2018年冬季奥运会。wenttheretowatchthe2018WinterOlympicGames”可知他们已经回来了，排除AB；根据“togetherwith”可语和前面的主语保持一致，“Mr.Wilson”是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选C。【详解】句意：琳达和她的父母都非常喜欢这部电视剧。他们每天都看。th【详解】【详解】考查被动语态和主谓一致。分析语境可知，主语和动词之间是被动关系，结合时间状语“onSept.17,2019”fatherofhybridrice,withtheother41greatpeople”可知，谓语遵循“就远原则”，主语“YuanLongping”是第三A【详解】句意：袁隆平不仅为解决中国人民的粮食问题作出了贡献，而且为世界和平与社会进步树立了一座丰碑。haswell一般不连用。根据语境以及常识可知，袁隆平不仅为粮食问题作出了贡献，而且为世界和平和社会进步树立了一座丰碑，用notonly...butalso。故选C。【详解】句意：吉姆和他的表兄弟都没去过美国，但他们都熟悉这座城市。America,but…ofthemknowthecitywell.”可知他们都没去过美国，但对于这个城市熟悉，第一句用【详解】句意：不仅孩子，他们的父母也在周末上网。考查时态及主谓一致。根据“attheweekend”可知，时态是一般现在时，根据“notonly…butalso”可知，谓语遵循就近原则，谓语动词取决于“theirparents”，所以用动词原形。故选B。【详解】哥哥也去冲浪了。他们把我一个人留在海滩上。但……而且；both…and……和……都。根据“Theyleavemealoneonthebeach”可知，父母和哥哥都去冲浪了，排除A和B选项。根据“has”可知，此空应填notonly…butalso，因为连接并列主语，谓语遵循就近原【详解】句意：春节期间街上总是有很多人。学生，可数名词单数，空前的“lotsof”后面接可数名词复数或不可数名词，排除B和D，根据“There’re”可知主语应用可数名词复数或集合名词，排除C，故选A。【详解】离、金钱等复数名词，被视为一个整体时，谓语动词应用单数，所以第二空用也is。故选D。【分析】【详解】句意：可怜的小女孩的奶奶去世已经三年了。考查现在完成时。本句是“现在完成时+since+一般过去时”结构，排除AB；“Threeyears”是一个时间整体，【详解】【详解】句意：印度人口比马来西亚多。D【详解】句意：一些人认为查理是这部影片中主角的完美人选。”，for在此表示“对于……来说”。故选A。【详解】句意：宇宙飞船已经使得人类对于宇宙的研究成为可能。考查主谓一致和固定句型。spacecraft意为“宇宙飞船”，单复数同形，此处根据语境应为复数，所以第一空用have；根据“makeit+形容词+forsbtodosth”结构中it为形式宾语可知，第二空用it；根据“researchinto”【详解】句意：我们学校五分之三的学生都是留守儿童。考查分数的表达和主谓一致。表达分数时分母用序数词，分子用基数词，分