大学综合英语课文5-2

TextAnalysis

ResourcesLead-inActivities大学综合英语课文5(2)LearningaboutgenderstereotypeLearningtoevaluatethetextbyleitmotifActivereading2:Mapping大学综合英语课文5(2)AdamandEveLead-inactivitiesApoemSexisminlanguageSexismintheworkplaceGenderstereotype大学综合英语课文5(2)Whatisstereotype?Stereotypesaregeneralizations,orassumptions,thatpeoplemakeaboutthecharacteristicsofallmembersofagroup,basedonanimage(oftenwrong)aboutwhatpeopleinthatgrouparelike.Stereotype:刻板印象。即是有关一团体特征的正面或负面的信念.任何共享一项具有社会意义之特征的社会团体都会成为偏见的目标.在社会中经常将种族,宗教,年龄,性别,社会地位和文化背景等,作为划分依据.人们划归为团体的成员是因为他们共享了具有社会意涵的特征

大学综合英语课文5(2)GenderstereotypeMore大学综合英语课文5(2)Gender

stereotypeActivereading2:

EmbarkationInsidetheboxwriteyourpresumptionsaboutwhatidealhusbandsorwivesarelike.

Idealhusband

Idealwife1.tough2.capable3.reliable1.caring2.patient3.faithful

大学综合英语课文5(2)Apoem

ReadapoemwrittenbyAlfredTennyson.DiscusswhetheryouagreewithitandthentranslateitintoChinese.Manforthefieldandwomanforthehearth.Manfortheswordandfortheneedleshe.Manwiththeheadandwomanwiththeheart.Mantocommandandwomantoobey.

----AlfredTennysonclick大学综合英语课文5(2)ApoemActivereading2:

Embarkation1.男耕女织，男武女文， 男刚女柔，男尊女卑。2.男人耕作女持家；男上战场女纺纱。 男人冷静女优柔；男施命令女听话。3.男人主外女主内，男人舞剑女缝衣， 男人理智女多情，男人吆喝女相随。4.男持外，女主内， 男打仗，女制衣。 男有脑，女有心， 男发令，女执行。More大学综合英语课文5(2)ApoemActivereading2:

Embarkation5.男人是大地的主宰，女人是家庭的皇帝， 男人用利剑打天下，女人用利针守家门， 男人用脑征服女人，女人用心征服男人， 男人惯于命令女人，女人习惯服从男人。

Thesebeliefsaresoingrainedinourconsciousnessthatmanyofusthinkthatgenderrolesarenatural,sowedon’tquestionthem.Evenifwedon’tconsciouslysubscribetothemaspartofourownbeliefsystem,ourculturebombardsuswithmessagesaboutwhatitmeanstobemenandwomentoday.大学综合英语课文5(2)SexisminlanguageActivereading2:

Embarkation

WorkingroupstocollectexamplestoshowsexisminEnglishandChineselanguage.clickExampleActlikeaman!Thissentenceimpliesthatmenshouldnotcryandshouldbebraveandlooktough.大学综合英语课文5(2)SexisminlanguageWomenarefragile.Eg:Frailty,thynameiswomen. Womanismadetoweep. Womanismadeofglass.

More大学综合英语课文5(2)

Womenarechangeable.

Eg:Women,windandfortuneareever changing.

Ifmenknewallthatwomenthink,they’dbetwentytimesmoredaring.

女人心海底针。 女大十八变。大学综合英语课文5(2)Womenareignorant.Eg:Longhairandshortwit.

头发长，见识短。

女子无才便是德。 妇人之见。 男子汉不同妇人一般见识。大学综合英语课文5(2)Sexisminlanguage

Womenareevil.Eg:

天下最毒妇人心.

唯女子小人难养.

红颜祸水. It’stimehemadeanhonestwomanoutofyou. Chinesecharactersdenotingnegativequalitiesthatcontainthefemaleradical女,suchas奸,嫉etc. More大学综合英语课文5(2)Womenaretalkative.Eg:

Onetongueisenoughforawoman.

Womenwillhavethelastword.

长舌妇。 三个女人一台戏。一个女人500只鸭子大学综合英语课文5(2)Menareintelligentandcapable.Eg:Menarenaturalleaders;womenarenot. Womenarenaturalcarers;menarenot. He’shisownman. He’samanoftheworld.

男儿当自强。More大学综合英语课文5(2)Sexisminlanguage（2）

EnglishandHanlanguagearemale-centered,biasedinfavorofmen,derogatorytowardswomen.大学综合英语课文5(2)1.Apersonofunknownsexisreferredtoashe,notshe;Eg:Hewholaughslastlaughsbest. Everyonemustdohishomeworkwell.2.Man,andmencanbeusedgenericallytorefertobothmaleandfemale.Eg:

Manproposes,Goddisposes.谋事在人，成事在天 chairman/MadameChairman,policeman大学综合英语课文5(2)3.Somewordsindicatingfemale’sprofession,arecreatedbyaddingaprefix/suffixorbycombiningthemwithawordreferringtofemale.Eg:waitress/heroine/womandoctor/ladylawyer大学综合英语课文5(2)SexismintheworkplaceActivereading2:

Embarkation

Makealistoftheproblemsfacedbywomenwhosharethesameworkplaceasmen.clickThinkabout:jobopportunitiescontractsandpaypossibilitiesforpromotion大学综合英语课文5(2)Sexismintheworkplace1.Judgedintheworkplaceonthebasisoftheirlooks2.Lesspaidthanmalesholdingthesamejob3.Difficulttogetpromotion:glassceiling4.Sexualharassment

clickAnyMore?大学综合英语课文5(2)UKSomestatisticsestimatethatabout72%ofwomenworkershaveexperiencedsexistbullyingatwork,while85%ofwomenworkersbelievethatthereisabiastowardsmalesintheirworkplaces.大学综合英语课文5(2)USAwomenmayaccountforonly25percentoftheupper-levelmanagersinlargecorporations.Andalthoughhalfoftheemployeesinthelargest,mostprestigiousfirmsaroundtheUnitedStatesmaybewomen,perhapsasfewas5percentorlessactuallyholdseniorpositions.大学综合英语课文5(2)InGeneralIngeneral,womenareunder-representedinthehigher-status,higher-payingoccupations,suchaslaw,engineering,politicarenaandmedicine.Incontrast,womenareover-representedinthelower-payingoccupations,suchasschoolteaching,nursing,andsecretarialwork.大学综合英语课文5(2)“Glassceiling”isthesituationwhereawomanissuccessfulinacompany,butthenshehitstheglassceiling–thisinvisiblebarrierwhichstopshergoinganyhigherinhercareer.“Glass”ismetaphorical.Glassistransparentandsometimesinvisible,butitisthere.大学综合英语课文5(2)AdamandEve1.

Howwasthemanmade?

Hewasmadefromthedustoftheground.

2.Whywasthewomancreatedandwhywasshecalledwoman?

Ahelpersuitablefortheman. Shewasmadeoutofaribtakenoutoftheman.

Listenandanswerthequestions.Script

AfterAdamandEveweredeceivedbytheserpentintoeatingthefruitoftheforbiddentree,theywerepunishedbytheLordGod.Continuelistening.click大学综合英语课文5(2)AdamandEveActivereading2:

EmbarkationBack大学综合英语课文5(2)AdamandEveActivereading2:

Embarkation

Tothewomanhesaid,“Iwillgreatly________yourpaininchildbirth.Inpainyouwillbringforthchildren.Your_______willbeforyourhusband,andhewill_____overyou.”ToAdamhesaid,“Becauseyouhavelistenedtoyourwife’svoice,andhaveeatenofthetree,ofwhichI______________you,saying,'Youshallnoteatofit,'cursedisthe________foryoursake.In______youwilleatofitallthedaysofyourlife.Thornsalsoandthistleswillitbringforthtoyou;andyouwilleattheherbofthefield.Bythe_____ofyourfacewillyoueatbreaduntilyoureturntotheground,foroutofityouweretaken.Foryouare______,andtodustyoushallreturn.”

Listenandcompletethesentences.multiplydesiregroundtoilsweatdustcommandedrule大学综合英语课文5(2)TextorganisationUnderstandingleitmotifTextAnalysis

Sentencesandwords

大学综合英语课文5(2)AnoverviewofthetopicMarked:Womenin

theworkplaceDetails:MarkedwomenclickclickTextOrganisation大学综合英语课文5(2)03Definitionofthetermmarkedthewaylanguagealtersthebasemeaningofawordbyaddingsth.

Differencesbetweena“marked”andan“unmarked”wordinmeaningextrameaningVSnospecialmeaning

TheoptionofmeninbeingunmarkedClothes:brownorblueslacks& standard-styleshirtsoflightcolorsShoes:dark,closed,comfortable&flatNomake-up23Back1大学综合英语课文5(2)clothesflat-lacedspikeheelscomfortableshoesspike

heelsattractivehairstyle

no

particularnotcarehowshelookssurnameheavyattractive

lightattractivewithoutbeingalluringnomake-up

hostilerefusalclicktitlesclickclickmake-upmarkedwoman大学综合英语课文5(2)clotheswanttobeattractivesingletight/

revealingspikeheelscouldhavebeensexynotsexyauthorityunderminedbuttoned

lowavoidsthbrightcolorsattractiveBackcolournobright大学综合英语课文5(2)

titlesspikeheels

MissDoctor

uppityBack

Mrs.

MsmarriedConserva-tiveunmarried

Conserva-tiveunwillingto

letonabout

marriageliberatedrebelliousover-achiever大学综合英语课文5(2)TextOrganisationsurnamesspikeheelshersurname+husband’sBacktakeherhusband’ssurnamekeep

herownsurnamemarriedtraditionallessherselfmodernliberatedwishtokeep

herownidentitymarriedmiseryfor

othersmixedfeeling大学综合英语课文5(2)Activereading2:NavigationUnderstandingleitmotif

anideaorathemewhichisexploited throughoutapassagethekeytounderstandingthewholepassagetheideawhichisreferredtomostfrequentlyleitmotifthethirdword

inthe1stsentencethekeyword

inthetitlethefinalword

inthepassageleitmotif:

markednessabout30times

inthepassageMore大学综合英语课文5(2)Activereading2:NavigationFromwhichfieldhasthewriterborrowedthetermmarked?Iborroweditfromlinguistics.BackUnderstandingleitmotifThewriter:

DeborahTannen大学综合英语课文5(2)2.Whatarethedifferencesbetweena“marked”andan“unmarked”word?“unmarked”wordnormalcommon

positive

“marked”wordneutralnoticeableusedinaparticularwayhaveaspecialmeaningnegativeBack大学综合英语课文5(2)3.Whatisthedifferencebetweena“marked”andan“unmarked”appearanceintheworkplace?

normalneutralcommon

differentparticularnoticeableunmarkedunlikelytobecommentedmarkedYourTextlikelytobecommentedBackitwouldbeacontrasttoallthosewithanunmarkedappearance.because大学综合英语课文5(2)4.Whyisnomake-up“marked”forwomen?manyormostwomenwearsomemake-up.becauseAwomanwearingnomake-upinacontextwhereitisexpectedthatmake-upwouldbewornnoticeablydifferentitis“marked”.soisBack大学综合英语课文5(2)5.Howoftendomenwear“marked”clothesintheworkplace?cowboyshirtanecklacedhippieinjeansNotoftenorrarelyBack大学综合英语课文5(2)6.Whatistheconnectionbetween“marked”and“sexy”?unmarked

(amongwomen)noticeableand“marked”

(andinappropriate)attractive&

smartclothessexyclothesunmarkedsexyclothessmartly&

conservatively

“marked”

Back大学综合英语课文5(2)7.Whyarewomen’stitles(Mrs,MissandMs)allmarked?Missmarriedbutperhapsconservativeortraditionalunmarriedbutperhapstraditionalunwillingtogiveinformationaboutbeingmarried;moremodern,liberated,rebelliousorfeministBack大学综合英语课文5(2)8.Inwhatsensearewomen’ssurnamesmarked?Backtaketheirhusband’ssurnameastheirmarriedsurnameusetheiroriginalsurnamefromtheirownfamily

USmarriedwomantraditionalorwillingtoadoptherhusband’sidentitymodern,liberated,orwishtokeeptheirownidentity大学综合英语课文5(2)DifficultsentencesandWords大学综合英语课文5(2)Difficult

sentence1(P7)Althoughnomanworemake-up,youcouldn’tsay…awomandidn’twearmake-up.Explainwhy?Ifawomandidn’twearmake-upattheconference,itmeanssomethingparticularbecauseitseemscommonornormalthatwomenshouldwearmake-upforsuchaformaloccasion.Butwecouldn’tsaythatthemendidn’twearmake-upwiththesamemeaning,becausepeopledon’texpectthemtowearanyataconferenceinthefirstplace.click虽然男人不化妆，但男人不化妆的含义和女人不化妆的含义却大不相同。clickBack大学综合英语课文5(2)Difficult

sentences3.…butalsoapossiblyunintendedoneofavailability…thattheycouldhavebeen.(Para11)Activereading2:ResourcesWhatmessagedoesthewomansendunintentionally?

Sheissingle.clickTranslatethesentence.但与此同时，她也在无意间表露了自己是单身、想找男友的意思。如果她的衣服不性感，那也传达了另一种信息：即让人知道她本来可以穿得更性感的。clickWhatdoestheyreferto?Whatcouldtheyhavebeen?

Theyrefertoherclothes.Herclothescouldhavebeensexy.clickBack大学综合英语课文5(2)Difficult

sentences4.Isometimestrytoduckthesevariously…(hencereactionsofcongratulatorysurprise,like“Goodforyou!”).(Para14)Whatimpressiondoesshegivebygivinghertitleas“Dr.”?

Activereading2:ResourcesMoreSheismoreimportantthanotherpeople,orsheisanover-achiever,whotriesextremelyhardtobesuccessful.click大学综合英语课文5(2)Translatethesentence.我有时会选择“博士”头衔，以避开这几种带标记的称谓选项。但这么做又会给自己带来风险，标明自己要么骄傲自大（于是乎招来讥讽的反应，比如“对不起，我不知道你是博士！”），要么是一个成果欲过强的人（那么对方的反应就是祝贺式的惊奇，比如“你真行！”）。clickBackThepeoplenowrecognizesthehighstatusof“doctor”withamockapology,meaning“I’msorry,Ididn’trealizewhoyouwerebecauseIamonlyanordinaryperson!”Whydopeoplereplywith“Excuseme!”?

大学综合英语课文5(2)Difficult

sentence4Amarriedwomanwhowantstohavehercakeandeatittoomayusehersurnameplushis.(Para16)

Whatdoestohaveone’scakeandeatittoomean?Tohaveyourcakeandeatitisaproverbwhichmeans“tohaveallthebenefitsofasituationwhennormallyifyouhaveonething(thecake)youcannothavetheother(eatthecake)”.clickBack大学综合英语课文5(2)Difficult

sentences5（P16)Butthistooannouncesthatsheisorhasbeenmarried…whoneedstoalphabetizeit.Paraphrasethesentence.Itmeansthatthenameismuchlongerandmorecomplicatedthanusual,whichcanseemlike“atongue-tyingstring”:astringofwordsthataredifficulttosay,likeatonguetwisterwhichtiesyourtongueinknots.Suchatonguetwisterisverydifficultforpeoplewhoneedtoputthenameinalistwithalphabeticalorderbecausetheydon’tknowwhichofthelasttwonamestouse.clickBack大学综合英语课文5(2)但这也同样表明她已经结婚，而且还常常会导致一串长得叫人说不清的名字，而当必须按字母顺序排列姓名时，也会让人倍感无奈。Translatethesentence.

大学综合英语课文5(2) Usefulexpressions

1.基本含义1.basemeaningActivereading2:ResourcesMore2.复数标记2.pluralmarking3.被提名奥斯卡最佳女配角奖的演员3.anOscarnomineeforBestSupportingActress4.性别标记4.gendermarkers5.带碟形领结的牛仔衬衫5.acowboyshirtwithstringtie6.三件套的西服6.athreepiecesuit7.带项链穿牛仔裤的嬉皮士装7.anecklacedhippieinjeans8.标准的浅色衬衫8.standard-styleshirtsoflightcolors9.···的数量多得惊人9.Therangeof…isstaggering10.平跟系带鞋10.flatlacedshoes大学综合英语课文5(2) Useful

expressions

11.细高跟鞋11.spikeheelsActivereading2:Resources14.衬衣的领口开得低.14.Theblouseisbuttonedlow.12.紧身衣或坦胸露背的衣服12.tightorrevealingclothes13.无意间犯了一个错误13.slipintoafaultline15.失去权威16.heavy/lightmake-up16.浓/淡妆17.attractivewithoutbeingalluring17.既俏丽又不妖媚18.getincreasedattention18.吸引了…的更多注意15.undermineone’sauthority19.sarcasticresponses19.讥讽的反应20.belessherself20.自我意识较弱21.tohaveone’scakeandeatittoo21.两全其美22.一串长得叫人说不清的名字22.atongue-tyingstring大学综合英语课文5(2)EnglishtoChineseTranslatetheparagraphintoChinese.

womencan’tevenfilloutaformwithouttellingstoriesaboutthemselves.Mostapplicationformsnowgivefourchoicesfortitles.Menhaveonetochoose-“Mr.”-sotheirchoicecarriesnomeaningotherthantosaytheyaremale.Butwomenmustchooseamongthree,eachofthemmarked.Awomanwhocheckstheboxfor“Mrs.”or“Miss”communicatesnotonlywhethershehasbeenmarriedbutalsothatshehasconservativetastesinformsofaddress,andprobablyotherconservativevaluesaswell.Checking“Ms.”declinestoletonaboutmarriage(whereas“Mr.”declinesnothingsincenothingwasasked),butitalsomarksthewomanwhochecksitonherformaseitherliberatedorrebellious,dependingontheattitudesandassumptionsoftheonemakingthejudgment.

Isometimestrytoduckthesevariouslymarkedchoicesbygivingmytitleas“Dr.”-andtherebyriskmarkingmyselfaseitheruppity(hencesarcasticresponseslike“Excuseme!”)oranover-achiever(hencereactionsofcongratulatorysurprise,like“Goodforyou!”).clickActivereading2:Resources大学综合英语课文5(2)EnglishtoChinese

womencan’tevenfilloutaformwithouttellingstoriesaboutthemselves.Mostapplicationformsnowgivefourchoicesfortitles.Menhaveonetochoose-“Mr.”-sotheirchoicecarriesnomeaningotherthantosaytheyaremale.Butwomenmustchooseamongthree,eachofthemmarked.Awomanwhocheckstheboxfor“Mrs.”or“Miss”communicatesnotonlywhethershehasbeenmarriedbutalsothatshehasconservativetastesinformsofaddress,andprobablyotherconservativevaluesaswell.

女人一填表就会暴露自己的个人经历。现在大多数的申请表会给出四种称谓选择。男人只有一种选择，即“先生”（Mr.)，这除了表明他们是男性之外没有其他任何含义。女人则必须从三种称谓中选一个，而任何一种都是标记性的。

如果一位女士勾选了“太太”（Mrs.)或者“小姐”（Miss)的称谓，那么他不仅暴露了自己的婚姻状况，而且还表明她在称谓方面很保守，或许在其他价值观念方面也很保守。MoreActivereading2:Resources大学综合英语课文5(2)EnglishtoChinese

Checking“Ms.”declinestoletonaboutmarriage(whereas“Mr.”declinesnothingsincenothingwasasked),butitalsomarksthewomanwhochecksitonherformaseitherliberatedorrebellious,dependingontheattitudesandassumptionsoftheonemakingthejudgment.

如果她选择“女士”（Ms.)这一称谓，那么说明她拒绝透露自己的婚姻状况（而男士选“先生”这个称谓时则没有故意隐瞒任何事情，因为本来就没有要求他透露婚姻信息）。另外，在表格中候选“女士”这一称谓的人会被标记为思想解放的人或叛逆者，这就要看评判她的人持什么样的态度和看法了。BackActivereading2:Resources大学综合英语课文5(2)EnglishtoChinese

Isometimestrytoduckthesevariouslymarkedchoicesbygivingmytitleas“Dr.”-andtherebyriskmarkingmyselfaseitheruppity(hencesarcasticresponseslike“Excuseme!”)oranover-achiever(hencereactionsofcongratulatorysurprise,like“Goodforyou!”).

我有时会选择“博士”头衔，以避开这几种带标记的称谓选项。但这么做又会给自己带来风险，表明自己要么骄傲自大（于是乎招来讥讽的反应，比如“对不起，我不知道你是博士！”），要么是一个成功欲过强的人（那么对方的反应就是祝贺式的惊奇，比如“你真行！”).BackActivereading2:Resources大学综合英语课文5(2)ChinesetoEnglish

TranslatetheparagraphsintoEnglish.

我们对理想丈夫或妻子的假设显示出我们的性别期待以及我们对性别期待的反应。如果大多数年轻姑娘希望她们的未婚