铁路专业英文词汇

经典word整理文档，仅参考，转Word此处可删除页眉页脚。本资料属于网络整理，如有侵权，请联系删除，谢谢！maglev森林铁路forestrailway山区铁路mountainrailway既有铁路existingrailwayrailwayrailroad铁路线railwayline；railroadline铁路网railwaynetwork；railroadnetwork新建铁路newly-builtrailway铁道科学railwayscience改建铁路reconstructedrailway运营铁路railwayinoperation；operation；operatingrailway铁路技术railwaytechnology铁路等级railwayclassification国有铁路nationalrailway；staterailway专用铁路specialpurposerailway地方铁路localrailway；regionalrailway干线trunkline；mainline私有铁路privaterailway支线branchline合资铁路jointinvestmentrailway；jointly铁路专用线railwayspeciallineownedrailway货运专线railwaylineforfreighttraffic；标准轨铁路standard-gagerailway窄轨铁路narrow-gagerailway米轨铁路meter-gagerailway宽轨铁路broad-gagerailway单线铁路singletrackrailway双线铁路doubletrackrailway多线铁路multipletrackrailway重载铁路heavyhaulrailway高速铁路highspeedrailwayfreightspecialline；freighttrafficonlyline客运专线railwaylineforpassengertraffic；passengerspecialline；passengertrafficonlyline客货运混合铁路railwaylineformixedpassengerandfreighttraffic铁路运营长度；运营里程operationlengthofrailway；operatingdistance；revenuelength电气化铁路；电力铁路electrifiedrailway；列车运行图traindiagramelectricrailway铁路建筑长度constructionlengthofrailway干线铁路mainlinerailway；trunkrailway区间section市郊铁路suburbanrailway区段district地下铁道；地铁subway；metro；underground轨距railgage；railgaugerailway轮重wheelload工业企业铁路industryrailway矿山铁路minerailway轴重axleload最大轴重maximumallowableaxleload限制轴重axleloadlimited限界clearance；gauge轻轨铁路lightrailway；lightrail高架铁路elevatedrailway单轨铁路；独轨铁路monorail；monorail限界图clearancediagramrailway铁路建筑限界railwayconstruction磁浮铁路magneticlevitationrailway；clearance；structureclearanceforrailway；1railwaystructiongauge限制速度limitedspeed；speedrestriction均衡速度balancingspeed基本建筑限界fundamentalconstructionclearance；fundamentalstructuregauge构造速度constructionspeed；designspeed桥梁建筑限界bridgeconstructionclearance；最高速度maximumspeedbridgestructuregauge临界速度criticalspeed隧道建筑界限tunnelconstructionclearance；重载列车heavyhaultraintunnelstructuregauge高速列车highspeedtrain铁路机车车辆限界rollingstockclearanceforrailway；vehiclegauge超长超重列车exceptionallylongandheavytrain机车车辆上部限界clearancelimitforupperpartofrollingstock列车正面冲突traincollision列车尾追traintailcollision列车尾部防护trainrearendprotection伸缩运动foreandaftmotion蛇行运动hunting；nosing机车车辆下部限界clearancelimitforlowerpartofrollingstock装载限界loadingclearancelimit；loadinggauge列车压缩trainrunningin阔大货物限界clearancelimitforfreightwithexceptionaldimension；clearancelimitforoversizecommodities列车拉伸trainrunningout列车分离trainseparation列车颠覆trainoverturning列车动力学traindynamics接触网限界clearancelimitforoverheadcontractwire；clearancelimitforoverheadcatenarysystem；overheadcatenarysystemgauge列车空气动力学trainaerodynamics机车车辆振动vibrationofrollingstock纵向振动longitudinalvibration横向振动lateralvibration垂向振动verticalvibration摆滚振动rock-rollvibration浮沉振动bouncing；vibration测滚振动rolling；vibration测摆振动swaying；vibration点头振动pitching；nodding摇头振动yawing；hunting列车与线路相互作用track-traininteraction轮轨关系wheel-railrelation；wheel-railinteraction粘着系数adhesioncoefficient车轮滑行wheelsliding；wheelskid车轮空转wheelslipping牵引种类kindsoftraction；categoryoftraction牵引方式modeoftraction机车车辆共振resonanceofrollingstock机车车辆冲击impactofrolling纵向冲击longitudinalimpact横向冲击lateralimpact牵引定数tonnagerating；tonnageoftraction装载系数loadingcoefficient速度speed持续速度continuousspeed垂向冲击verticalimpact2货运站综合作业自动化automationofsyntheticoperationsatfreightstation行车指挥自动化automationoftrafficcontrol编组场综合作业自动化automationofsyntheticoperationsinmarshallingyard铁路运营信息系统railwayoperationinformationsystem单位工程unitproject分部工程partproject分项工程itemproject预可行性研究pre-feasibilitystudy项目建议书proposedtaskofproject可行性研究feasibilitystudy设计阶段designphase；designstage三阶段设计three-stepdesign；three-phasedesign铁路数据交换系统railwaydataexchangesystem运营系统模拟simulationofoperationsystem铁路法railwaylaw两阶段设计two-stepdesign；two-phasedesign铁道法规railwayact一阶段设计one-stepdesign；one-phasedesign铁路条例railwaycode铁路技术管理规程regulationsofrailwaytechnicaloperation初步设计preliminarydesign技术设计technicaldesign综合运输comprehensivetransport；扩大初步设计enlargedpreliminarydesign；expandedpreliminarydesignmulti-modetransport；intermodetransport国际铁路联运internationalrailwaythroughtraffic施工图设计constructiondetaildesign；working-drawingdesign大陆桥；洲际铁路transcontinentalrailway；intercontinentalrailway；land-railway国际联运协定agreementofinternationalthroughtraffic变更设计altereddesign设计概算apporximateestimateofdesign；budgetaryestimateofdesign个别概算individualapproximateestimate综合概算comprehensiveapproximateestimate总概算sumofapproximateestimate；totalestimate；summaryestimate国际联运议定书protocolofinternationalthroughtraffic国际铁路联运公约conventionofinternationalrailwaythroughtrafficnewly-builtrailway修正总概算amendedsumofapproximateestimate；revisedgeneralestimate调整总概算adjustedsumofapproximateestimateconstruction铁路技术改造technicalreformofrailway；technicalrenovationofrailway；bettermentandimprovementofrailway投资检算checkingofinvestment预算定额ratingofbudget；ratingformforbudget铁路主要技术条件maintechnicalstandardofrailway；maintechincalrequirementofrailway概算定额ratingofapproximateestimate；ratingformforestimate3投资估算investmentestimate估算指标indexofestimatemap；surveyingandsketchingofgeologicalmap机械台班定额ratingpermachineperteam；ratingpermachine-team勘探exploration；prospecting挖探excavationprospecting工程直接费directexpenseofproject；directcostofproject钻探boring；explorationdrilling物探geophysicalprospecting工程间接费indirectexpenseofproject；indirectcostofproject室内测试indoortest；laboratorytest原位测试insitutest工程预备费reservefundofproject设计鉴定certificationofdesign；appraisalofdesign静力触探staticsounding；staticprobing；conepenetrationtest动力触探试验dynamicpenetrationtest标准贯入试验standardpenetrationtest区域地质regionalgeology竣工决算finalaccountsofcompletedproject铁路用地right-of-way铁路勘测railwayreconnaissance工程地质engineeringgeology调查测绘surveyanddrawingof不良地质unfavorablegeologyinvestigation；investigationsurvey；investigationsurveyingandsketching地形调查topographicsurvey特殊地质specialgeology工程地质条件engineeringgeologic；requirement；engineeringgeologiccondition气象资料meteorologicaldata地貌调查topographicfeaturesurvey；geomorphologicsurvey冻结深度freezingdepth地质调查geologicsurvey地震基本烈度basicintensityofearthquake；seismicbasicintensity经济调查economicinvestigation；economicsurvey工程地质图engineeringgeologicalmap地层柱状图columndiagramofstratum；graphiclogsofstrata；drilllogofstratum洪水调查floodsurvey水文地质调查hydrogeologicsurvey土石成分调查surveyofsoilandrockcomposition土石物理力学性质physicalandmechanicalpropertiesofsoilandrock河道调查rivercoursesurvey冰凌调查icefloesurvey；frazilicesurvey汇水区流域特征调查surveyofcatchmentbasincharacteristics土石分类classificationofsoilandrock地基承载力bearingcapacityoffoundation；bearingcapacityofground；bearingofsubgrade水文断面hydrologicsectionaldrawing；dydrologicsection；hydrologic隧道围岩分级classificationoftunnelsurroundingrockcross-section主河槽mainriverchannel地质图测绘surveyanddrawingofgeological设计流速designcurrentvelocity4设计高程；设计标高designelevation河流比降slopeofriver；comparablehorizonofriver横断面测量crossleveling；cross-sectionsurvey；cross-sectionleveling线路测量routesurvey；profilesurvey；longitudinalsurvey历史洪水位historicfloodlevel最高水位highestwaterlevel；HWL通航水位navigationwaterlevel；NWL桥涵水文hydrologyofbridgeandculvert水利半径hydraulicradius既有线测量；旧线测量surveyofexistingrailway线路复测repetitionsurveyofexistingrailway；resurveyofexistingrailway测量精度surveyprecision；precisionofsurvey桥前壅水高度backwaterheightinfrontofbridge；topwaterlevelinfrontofbridge桥渡勘测设计surveyanddesignofbridgecrossing均方差；中误差meansquareerror最大误差；极限误差maximumlimitingerror水面坡度slopeofwatersurface水文测量hydrologicalsurvey中线测量centerlinesurvey泥石流流域catchmentbasinofdebrisflow分水岭watershed；dividingridge汇水面积catchmentarea；watercollectingarea；drainagearea中线桩centerlinestake加桩additionalstake；plusstake外移桩shiftoutstake；stakeoutward；offsetstake洪水频率floodfrequency水准点高程测量benchmarkleveling中桩高程测量；中平centerstakeleveling曲线控制点curvecontrolpoint放线setting-outoflayoutofroute交点intersectionpoint设计流量designdischarge设计水位designwaterlevel施工水位constructionlevel；constructionwaterlevel；workingwaterlevel设计洪水过程线designedfloodhydrograph容许冲刷allowablescour副交点auxiliaryintersectionpoint转向角deflectionangle一般冲刷generalscour分转向角auxiliarydeflectionangle坐标方位角plane-coordinateazimuth象限角quadrantalangle局部冲刷localscour；partialscour三、铁路测量railwaysurvey线路踏勘；草测routereconnaissance初测preliminarysurvey经纬距planerectangularcoordinate断链brokenchain定测locationsurvey；alignment；finallocationsurvey投影断链projectionofbrokenchain断高brokenheight导线测量traversing；traversesurvey光电导线photoelectrictraverse地形测量topographicalsurvey铁路航空摄影测量；铁路航测railwayaerialphotogrammetry铁路航空勘测railwayaerialsurveying5航带设计flightstripdesign；designofoflineonhillylandflightstrip工程地质选线engineeringgeoligiclocation铁路工程地质遥感remotesensingofrailwayoflineengineeringgeology线间距distancebetweencentersoftracks；测段segmentofsurveymidwaybetweentracks航测选线aerialsurveyingalignment车站分布distributionofstations航测外控点fieldcontrolpointof方案比选schemecomparison；routeaerophotogrammetryalternative全球定位系统globalpositioningsystem；GPS投资回收期repaymentperiodofcapitalcost像片索引图indexofphotography纸上定线paperlocationofline三角测量trigonometricsurvey；缓坡地段sectionofeasygrade；sectionoftriangulationgentleslope精密导线测量precisetraversesurvey；紧坡地段sectionofsufficientgradeaccuratetraversesurvey非紧坡地段sectionofunsufficientgrade；sectionfoinsufficientgrade三角高程测量trigonometricleveling隧道洞外控制测量outsidetunnelcontrol导向线leadingline；alignmentguidinglinesurvey拔起高度；克服高度heightoflifting；隧道洞内控制测量intunnelcontrolsurvey；liftingheight；ascentofelevationthroughsurvey横断面选线cross-sectionmethodofrailway隧道洞口投点horizontalpointoftunnellocation；locationwithcross-sectionportal；geodeticcontrolpointofportalmethod；cross-sectionmethodforlocationoflocationofaditline桥轴线测量surveyofbridgeaxis展线extensionofline；developmentofline；铁路选线railwaylocation；approximatelinedevelopmentrailwaylocation；locationofrailwayroute展线系数coefficientofextensionline；selectioncoefficientofdevelopmentline平原地区选线locationinplainregion；plain套线overlappinglinelocation线路平面图trackplan；lineplan越岭选线locationofmountainline；location线路纵断面图trackprofile；lineprofileoflineinmountainregion；locationover站坪长度lengthofstationsitemountain站坪坡度gradeofstationsite山区河谷选线mountainandvalleyregion控制区间controlsection；controllinglocation；locationoflineofinmountainandsectionvalleyregion最小曲线半径minimumradiusofcurve丘陵地段选线hillylandlocation；location圆曲线circularcurve6单曲线simplecurve加速缓坡easygradientforacceleration；缓和曲线transitioncurve；easementcurve；acceleratinggradespiraltransitioncurve坡度折减compensationofgradient；gradient缓和曲线半截变更率rateofeasementcurvature；rateoftransitioncurve复曲线compoundcurvecompensation；gradecompensation曲线折减compensationofcurve；curvecompesation同向曲线curvesofsamesense；adjacentcurvesinonedirection隧道坡度折减compensationofgradientintunnel；compensationgradeintunnel绕行地段detouringsection；roundsection换侧；换边changesideofdoubleline容许应力设计法allowablestressdesignmethod反向曲线reversecurve；curveofoppositesense夹直线intermediatestraightline；tangentbetweencurves坡度grade；gradient；slope人字坡doublespurgrade破损阶段设计法plasticstagedesignmethod极限状态设计法limitstatedesignmethod概率极限状态设计法；可靠度设计法probabilisaticlimitstatedesignmethod地震系数法seismiccoefficientmethod四、路基subgrade；roadbed；formationsubgrade限制坡度rulinggrade；limitinggrade加力牵引坡度pushergrade；assistinggrade最大坡度maximumgrade临界坡度criticalgrade长大坡度longsteepgrade；longheavygrade动力坡度momentumgrade岩石路基rocksubgrade均衡坡度balancedgrade渗水土路基permeablesoilsubgrade；perviousembankment有害地段harmfuldistrict无害地段harmlessdistrict变坡点pointofgradientchange；breakeingrade非渗水土路基non-permeablesoilsubgrade；imperviousembankment特殊土路基subgradeofspecialsoil软土地区路基subgradeinsoftsoilzone；subgradeinsoft；clayregion坡段gradesection坡段长度lengthofgradesection坡度差algebraicdifferencebetweenadjacentgradients泥沼地区路基subgradeinbogzone；subgradeinmorassregion；subgradeinswampland竖曲线verticalcurve膨胀土地区路基；裂土地区路基subgradein分坡平段levelstretchbetweenoppositesigngradientswellingsoilzone；subgradeinexpansivesoilregion缓和坡度slightgrade；flatgrade；easygrade盐渍土地区路基subgradeinsaltysoilzone；subgradeinsalinesoilregion起动缓坡flatgradientforstarting多年冻土路基subgradeinpermafrostsoil7zoneformationtoplayer；surfacelayerofsubgrade特殊条件下的路基subgradeunderspecialcondition基床表层bottomlayerofsubgrade；formationbaselayer；bottomlayerofsubgradebed一般路基generalsubgrade；ordinarysubgrade河滩路堤embankmentonplainriverbeach滨河路堤embankmentonriverbank水库路基subgradeinreservoir；embankmentcrossingreservoir最小填筑高度minimumfillheightof崩塌地段路基subgradeinrockfalldistrict；subgrade；minimumheightoffillsubgradeincollapsezone临界高度criticalheight岩堆地段路基subgradeinrockdepositzone；基底foundationbase；basesubgradeintaluszone；subgradeinscreezone路堤边坡sideslopeofembankment；fillslopetalus滑坡地段路基subgradeinslide坡脚toeofsideslope岩溶地段路基；喀斯特地段路基karstzonesubgradein护道berm取土坑borrowpit洞穴地段路基subgradeincavityzone；subgradeincavernzone路堤填料embankmentfillmaterial；embankmentfiller；fillingmaterialofembankment风沙地段路基subgradeinwindyandsandyzone；subgradeindesert填料分类classificationoffillingmaterial岩块填料rockblockfiller；rockfiller；rockfill雪害地段路基subgradeinsnowdamagezone；subgradeinsnowdisasterzone泥石流地段路基subgradeindebrisflowzone路基横断面subgradecross-section路基面subgradesurface；formation路基面宽度widthofthesubgradesurface；formationwidth粗粒土填料coarse-grainedsoilfiller；coarse-grainedsoilfill细粒土填料fine-grainedsoilfiller；fine-grainedsoilfill压实标准compactingcriteria相对密度relativedensity路拱roadcrown；subgradecrown路肩Roadshoulder；subgradeshoulder路肩高程formationlevel；shoulderlevel路堤embankment；fill压实系数compactingfactor；compactingcoefficient最佳含水量optimummoisturecontent；bestmoisturecontent路堑cut；road；cutting半堤半堑part-cutandpart-fillsection；cutandfillsection最佳密度optimumdensity；bestdensity核子密度湿度测定determinationofnucleardensity-moisture基床subgradebed；formation基床表层surfacelayerofsubgradebed；路基承载板测定determinationofbearingslab8ofsubgrade重力式挡土墙gravityretainingwall预留沉落量reservesettlement；settlementallowance衡重式挡土墙balanceweightretainingwall；gravityretainingwallwithrelievingplatform；balancedtyperetainingwall锚定板挡土墙anchoredretainingwallbytierods；anchoredbulkheadretainingwall；anchoredplateretainingwall反压护道bermwithsuperloading；bermforbackpressure；counterswellingberm石灰砂桩limesandpile换土changesoil；soilreplacement爆破排淤blastingdischarging加筋土挡土墙reinforcedearthretainingsedimentation；siltarrestingbyexplosion；wall；reinforcedsoilretainingwalldischargeofsedimentationbyblasting抛石挤淤throwingstonestopackingsedimentation；packingsedimentationbythrowingstones；packingupsedimentationbydumpingstones锚杆挡墙anchoredboltretainingwall；anchoragedretainingwallbytierods管柱挡墙cylindricalshaftretainingwall沉井挡墙caissonretainingwall抗滑桩anti-slidepile；counter-slidingpile路堑石方爆破rockcuttingblasting；rockblastingincut护墙guardwall定向爆破directionalblasting浅孔爆破shallowholeblasting深孔爆破deepholeblasting护坡slopeprotection；revetment；pitching排水沟weepdrain；drainageditch；drainditch洞室药包爆破chamberexplosivepackageblasting；chamherblasting边沟；侧沟sideditch天沟gutter；overheadinterceptingditch扬弃爆破abandonedblasting；abandonmentblasting吊沟suspendedditch抛掷爆破pin-pointblasting跌水hydraulicdrop松动爆破blastingforlooseningrock药壶爆破potholeblasting截水沟interceptingditch；catch-drain急流槽chute裸露腰包爆破adobeblasting；contactblasting排水槽drainagechannel渗水暗沟blinddrain路堑边坡cuttingslope；sideslopeofcut堑顶topofcuttingslope；topofcutting路堑平台platformofcutting；bermincutting渗水隧洞leaktunnel；permeabletunnel；drainagetunnel渗井leachingwell；seepagewell渗管leakypipe弃土堆wastebank；bankette；spoilbank五、防护工程Protectionworks挡土墙retainingwall平孔排水horizontalholedrainage反滤层reversefiltrationlayer；invertedfilter；protectivefilter9检查井inspectionwell；manhole砂井；排水砂井sanddrain隔断层insulatingcourse；insulatinglayer透水路堤perviousembankment；permeableembankment列车离心力centrifugalforceoftrain列车冲击力；冲击荷载impactforceoftrain冲击系数ceofficientofimpact人行道荷载sidewalkloading附加力subsidiaryload；secondaryload列车制动力brakingforceoftrain列车牵引力tractiveforceoftrain风荷载windload渗水路堤immerseableembankment排水砂垫层sandfilleddrainagelayer；drainagesandblanker坡面防护slopeprotection护岸revetment；shoreprotection导流堤diversiondike列车横向摇摆力lateralswayingforceoftrain流水压力pressureofwaterflow冰压力icepressure拦石墙stonecutoffwall；stonefallingwall；buttree冻胀力frostheavingforce特殊荷载particularload落石槽stonefallingchannel；troughforcatchingfallingrocks船只或排筏的撞击力collisionforceofshiporraft柴排firewoodraft；mattress；willowfascine地震力seismicforce固沙造林stabilizationforsandsbyafforestation地震烈度earthquakeintensity地震震级earthquakemagnitude施工荷载constructionalloading荷载组合loadingconbination铁路桥railwaybridge挡风墙wind-breakwall防风栅栏windbreakfence砂土液化sandliquefaction六、桥梁bridge公铁两用桥combinedbridge；combinedhighwayandrailwaybridge；combinedrail-cum-roadbridge中-活载CR-liveloading；Chinarailwaystandardloading桥梁标准活载standardliveloadforbridge桥梁荷载谱bridgeloadspectrum换算均布活载equivalentuniformliveload设计荷载designload跨线桥；立交桥overpassbridge；gradeseparationbridge；flyover高架桥viaduct旱桥drybridge主力principalload人行桥footbridge；pedestrianbridge圬工桥masonrybridge恒载deadload土压力earthload钢桥steelbridge静水压力hydrostaticpressure浮力buoyancy铆接钢桥rivetedsteelbridge栓焊钢桥boltedandweldedsteelbridge全焊钢桥allweldedsteelbridge列车活载liveloadoftrain10摩擦结合式高强度螺栓highstrengthfrictiongripbolt悬板桥；悬带桥stressedribbonbridge悬索桥；吊桥suspensionbridge斜拉桥cable-stayedbridge浮桥pontoonbridge；floatingbridge；bateaubridge扭剪式高强度螺栓torsheartypehighstrengthblot螺栓示功扳手boltwrenchwithindicator混凝土桥concretebridge拱桥archbridge钢筋混凝土桥reinforcedconcretebridge预应力混凝土桥prestressedconcretebridge先张法预应力梁pretensionedprestressedconcretegirder固端拱；无铰拱fixed-endarch双铰拱two-hingedarch三铰拱three-hingedarch实腹拱spandrel-filledarch；solid-spandrelarch后张法预应力梁post-tensionedprestressedconcretegirder空腹拱open-spandrelarch双曲拱two-waycurvedarch；cross-curvedarch部分预应力混凝土桥partiallyprestressedconcretebridge结合梁桥compositebeambridge低高度梁shallowgirder系杆拱；柔性系杆刚性拱tiedarch榔格尔式桥；刚性系杆柔性拱桥Langerbridge；flexiblearchbridgewithrigidtie洛泽式桥；直悬杆式刚性拱刚性梁桥Lohsebridge；rigidarchbridgewithrigidtieandverticalsespenders无碴无枕梁girderwithoutballastandsleeper型钢混凝土梁；劲性骨架混凝土梁girderwithrolledsteelsectionencasedinconcrete；skeletonreinforcedconcretegirder简支梁桥simplysupportedbeambridge连续梁桥continuousbeambridge悬臂梁桥cantileverbeambridge板桥slabbridge尼尔森桥Nielsensystenbridge尼尔森式骆泽梁桥；斜悬杆式刚性拱梁桥NielsentypeLhserigidarchbridgewithfighdtieandinclinedsuspenders活动桥movablebridge空心板桥hollowslabbridge板梁plategirder竖旋桥basculebridge平旋桥swingbridge工形梁I-beam升降桥liftbridge箱形梁boxgirder正交桥rightbridge槽形梁troughgirder斜交桥skewbridge桁架truss曲线桥curvedbridge拆装式桁架demountabletruss刚架桥；刚构桥rigidframebridge曲梁curvedbeam特大桥supermaiorbridge斜腿刚架桥；斜腿刚构桥struttedbeambridge；大桥majorbridgeslant-leggedrigidframebridge中桥mediumbridge11小桥minorbridge加劲杆stiffener单线桥singletrackbridge双线桥doubletrackbridge多线桥multi-trackbridge正桥；主桥mainbridge引桥approachspans节点panelpoint节点板gussetplate拼接板spliceplate缀条lacingbar缀板stayplate；tieplate侧向水平联结系lateralbracing横联swaybracing上承式桥deckbridge半穿式桥；中承式halfthroughbridge；midheightdeckbridge下承式桥throughbridge双层桥double-deckbridge永久性桥permanentbridge临时性桥；便桥temporarybridge跨径；跨度span制动撑架brakingbracing桥门架portalframe纵梁stringer横梁floorbeam；transversebeam桥面系floorsystem端横梁endfloorbeam起重横梁jackingfloorbeam梁端缓冲梁auxiliarygirderforcontrollinganglechange净跨clearspan桥梁全长overalllengthofbridge桥下净空underneathclearance主梁中心距centertocenterdistancebetweenmaingirder应变时效strainageing碳当量carbonequivalent钢丝steelwire节间长度panellength梁高depthofgirder拱度camber钢丝束bundledsteelwires钢绞线steelstrand钢筋reinforcement；steelbar箍筋stirrup挠度deflection节间panel锚跨；锚孔anchorspan悬跨；吊孔suspendedspan桥梁上部结构superstructure腹板webplate纵向钢筋longitudinalreinforcement弯起钢筋bent-upbar架立钢筋erectionbar构造钢筋constructionalreinforcement预应力筋tendon翼缘flange翼缘板flangeplate套管sheath弦杆chordmember梁腋haunch腹杆webmember拱圈archring斜杆diagonalmember竖杆verticalmember吊杆suspenderhanger拱肋archrib拱顶rachcrown拱矢riseofarch12起拱点springing滚轴支座rollerbearing拱腹soffit球面支座sphericalbearing板式橡胶支座laminatedrubberbearing盆式橡胶支座potrubberbearing聚四氯乙烯支座poly-tetrafluoroedthylenebearing；PTFEbearing拱腹线intrados拱背钱extrados桥塔bridgetower；pylon索平面cableplane缆索cable涡流激振wortex-excitedoscillation弛振galloping斜缆staycable；inclinedcable吊缆suspensioncable颤振flutter索鞍cablesaddle扰流板spoiler索夹cableband；cableclamp锚座socket风嘴windfairing桥梁自振周期naturalvibrationperiodofbridge锚碇anchorage明桥面opendeck；ballastlessdeck；openfloor浮运架桥法bridgeerectionbyfloating架桥机架设法erectionbybridgegirdererectingequipment桥梁道碴槽ballasttrough道碴桥面ballasteddeck；ballastedfloor桥梁护轨guardrailofbridge桥梁护木guardtimberofbridge桥枕bridgetie；bridgesleeper桥上人行道sidewalkonbridge步行板footplank顶推式架设法erectionbyincrementallaunching拖拉架设法launchingmethod赝架式架设法erectionwithscaffolding悬臂架设法catilevererection；erectionbyprotrusion避车台refugeplatform伸缩缝expansionjoint正交异性板orthotropicplate栏杆railing；handrail；handrailing泻水孔drainageopening直结轨道trackfasteneddirectlytosteelgirders悬臂灌注法cast-in-placecantileverconstruction；freecantileversegmentalconcretingwithsuspendedformwork悬臂拼装法cantileveredassemblingconstrution；freecantilevererectionwithsegmentsofprecastconcrete预制混凝土构件precastconcreteunits；precastconcretemembers抗剪连接件；抗剪结合件shearconnector支座bearing活动模架逐跨施工法segmentalspan-by-spanconstructionusingformtraveller桥梁合龙closure固定支座fixedbearing活动支座expensionbearing；movablebearing平板支座platebearing摇轴芝座rockerbearing就地贯注法cast-in-placemethod；cast-in-situmethod13活动吊篮travellingcradle顶进法jack-inmethod围栏railingaroundcopingofpierorabutmenterectionbyswingmethod液压式张拉千斤顶hydraulictensioningjack桥梁下部结构substructure桥台abutment承台bearingplatform破冰体iceapron；ice-breakingcutwater；iceguard地基foundation；foundationsoil；subgrade加固地基improvedfoundation；improvedground重力式桥台gravityabutment埋置式桥台buriedabutment锚定板式桥台anchorslababutmentU形桥台U-shapedabutment耳墙式桥台abutmentwithcantileveredretainingwall天然地基naturalfoundation；naturalground桥梁基础bridgefoundation扩大基础spreadfoundation明挖基础open-cutfoundation；openexcavationfoundation台身abutmentbody前墙frontwall沉井基础opencaissonfoundation浮式沉井基础floatingcaissonfoundation沉井刃脚cuttingedgeofopencaisson围堰cofferdam台帽abutmentcoping翼墙wingwall锥体护坡quadrantrevetment；truncatedconebanking双壁钢围堰钻孔基础doublewallsteelcofferdamboredfoundation台后填方fillingbehindabutment桥墩pier预制钢壳钻孔基础prefabricatedsteelshellboredfoundation空心桥墩hollowpier实体桥墩solidpier泥浆套沉井法slurryjacketmethodforsinkingcaisson重力式桥墩gravitypier柔性桥墩flexiblepier拼装式桥墩assemblypier；pierconstructedwithprecastunits空气幕沉井法aircurtainmethodforsinkingcaisson沉箱基础pneumaticcaissonfoundation管柱基础tubularcolumnfoundation桩基础pilefoundation制动墩brakingpier柱式桥墩columnpierV形桥墩V-shapedpier预制桩precastpile圆端形桥墩round-endedpier圆形桥墩circularpier矩形桥墩rectangularpier排架式桥墩pilebentpier墩身pierbody；piershaft墩帽piercoping就地灌注桩cast-in-placeconcretepile；cast-in-situconcretepile螺旋喷射桩augerinjectedpile摩擦桩frictionpile支承桩bearingpile钻孔桩boredpile14挖孔桩dugpile半压力式涵洞inletsubmergedculvert明渠openchannel；openditch；opendrain倒虹吸管invertedsiphon钢桩steelpile钢管桩steelpipepile钢板桩steelsheetpile板桩sheetpile潮汐河流tidalriver淤积silting；siltation木桩timberpile流冰icedrift钢筋混凝土桩reinforcedconcretepile砂桩sandpile铁路轮渡railwaycarferries轮渡站ferrystation挤密砂桩sandconpactionpile流砂quicksand；driftsand送桩pilefollower轮渡栈桥ferrytrestlebridge渡轮ferryboat轮渡引线；轮渡斜引道ferryslip八、铁路隧道railwaytunnel山岭隧道mountaintunnel试桩testpile斜桩batterpile；rakingpile；spurpile护筒pilecasting越岭隧道overmountainlinetunnel水下隧道；水地隧道subaqueoustunnel；underwatertunnel重锤夯实法heavytampingmethod灰土换填夯实法mothodoflime-soilreplacementandtamping灌注水下混凝土underwaterconcreting；concretingwithtremiemethod导流建筑物regulatingstructure丁坝；挑水坝spurdike顺坝longitudinaldam地铁隧道subwaytunne；undergroundrailwaytunnel浅埋隧道shallowtunnel；shallow-depthtunnel；shallowburyingtunnel深埋隧道deeptunnel；deep-depthtunnel；deepburyingtunnel河床铺砌riverbedpaving码头wharf单线隧道singletracktunnel双线隧道doubletracktunnel多线隧道multipletracktunnel车站隧道stationtunnel排架bent脚手架scaffold悬空脚手架hangingstage；hangingscaffold七、铁路涵洞railwayculvert涵洞孔径apertureofculvert管涵pipeculvert地铁车站subwaystation；metrostation特长隧道superlongtunnel长隧道longtunnel中长隧道mediumtunnel箱涵boxculvert短隧道shorttunnel拱涵archculvert隧道群tunnelgroup盖板涵slabculvert地铁工程subwayengineering；metroengineering无压力涵洞inletunsubmergedculvert压力式涵洞outletsubmergedculvert洞口tunneladit；tunnelopening15隧道进口tunnelentrance隧道出口tunnelexitlining隔热层thermalinsulationlayer明洞open-cuttunnel；tunnelwithoutcover；gallery迎坡；正面坡frontslope洞门tunnelportal洞门框tunnelportalframe端墙式洞门endwalltunnelportal柱式洞门posttunnelportal翼墙式洞门wingwalltunnelportal耳墙式洞门earwalltunnelportal台阶式洞门benchtunnelportal正洞门orthonormaltunnelportal；straighttunnelportal拱形明洞archopencuttunnel；archtunnelwithoutcover；archgallery棚洞shedtunnel；shedgallery路堑式明洞cut-typeopencuttunnel；cut-typetunnelwithoutcover；cut-typegallery半路堑式明洞partcut-typeopencuttunnel；partcut-typetunnelwithoutcover；partcut-typegallery斜洞门skewtunnelportal明洞门open-cut-tunnelportal；galleryportal抗滑明洞anti-skid-typeopencuttunnel；anti-skid-typetunnelwithoutcover；anti-skid-typegallery衬砌lining拱圈arch盖板式棚洞slabshedtunnel；slabshedgallery边墙sidewall仰拱invert；invertedarch底板floor刚架式棚洞framedshedtunnel；framedshedgallery整体式衬砌integrallining装配式衬砌precastlining；prefabricatedlining悬臂式棚洞cantilevershedtunnel；cantilevershedgallery隧道专家系统expertsystemoftunnel围岩surroundingrock模筑衬砌mouldedlining洞口段衬砌liningoftunnelportalsection偏压衬砌unsymmetricallyloadinglining；eccentricallycompressedlining组合衬砌；复合衬砌compositelining初期支护primarysupport二次衬砌secondarylining隔离层isolationlayer围岩压力pressureofsurroundingrock地层压力groundpressure；stratumpressure松弛压力relaxationpressure形变压力defor