中考英语-阅读理解-任务型阅读（阅读短文回答问题）

阅读短文回答问题题型解题策略

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

It'sbeenalongjourney.FromDJtoproducertosinger,MarkRonsonisnowapopstarinhis

ownright.

OnFeb15,hishitsongUptownFunkwonRecordoftheYear,oneofthemostimportant

prizes,atthe2016GrammyAwards.

Whiletheworldhasgonecrazyforthesong,Ronson,40,wentthroughsixdifficultmonthsto

produceit.Infact,theUKmusicianmade17versions（版本）ofUptownFunk.

InaninterviewwiththeDailyMail,RonsontoldtheUKnewspaperthatheworkedsohard

thathishairstartedtofallout.Atonepoint,thestressoftryingtocomeupwithasuitableguitar

partevencausedhimtofaint（晕倒）inarestaurant.

Thedifficultiesdidn'tstopthere.Ronsonalsodidn'thaveenoughconfidenceinhissinging,as

hehadbeenaproducerforalongtime.workwithgreatsingers,"hetoldtheNewYorkPost,“so

Fvealwaysheardwhatreallygoodvoicessoundlike.^^

Still,thingsworkedoutgreatintheend.

Hisfamilyplaysanimportantpartinhissuccess.HisstepfatherguitaristMickJoneswasone

ofthefirstmembersoftherockbandForeignerandsometimesJoneswouldshareideaswith

Ronson.

“Afterschool,Joneswouldplaymethemostrecentmixofsongsinthestudioandaskwhat

Ithought,andIwouldtellhiminmylittleEnglishschoolboyvoice,‘Irememberthebass（贝司）

wasturnedupalittlemoreonthemixfromlastweek'"，RonsontoldTheGuardian,“Iwaskindof

meanttoliveinthestudio.^^

Alltheseinfluencesledtohissuccess.RonsontaughthimselfhowtoDJwhenhewas16.“I

practicedbycopyingmyfavoriteDJsontheradio/9hetoldUSradiostationNPR."Iwouldlisten

tothemandtryandcopyinmybestwaywhattheyweredoing.”

WiththegoalofbeingacoolDJ,RonsondroppedoutofNewYorkUniversityandplayedin

clubsindowntownNewYork,wherepopularartistsoftenvisited.

“Ifyoudoagoodjob,there9sthechancetheymightrememberwhoyouare,“hetoldNPR.

AnddoingagoodjobishowRonsongotintoshowbusiness.

"Neverunderestimate（低估）Ronson,MUKDJZaneLowetoldEsquiremagazine,uheisfully

preparedforopportunities.^^

61.IsMarkRonsonapopstarnow?

62.WhatdidhewinonFeb15,2016?

63.HowdidheteachhimselftobeaDJ?

64.Wheredidheplayafterdroppingoutofuniversity?

65.Whatmadehimsuccessful?

【知识点精讲】

一、阅读技巧

1.略读。快速浏览全文，掌握语篇主旨大意。略读文章时着重阅读理解文章的首段、每段的

首句和末句。通过对这几个部分的着重阅读通常能够找到文章的主旨大意；并能够掌握文章

的行文脉络，迅速把握短文的主要信息的分布

2扫读。认真阅读五个题目，准确理解题意及其涉及的范围，带着问题到短文中寻找相关答

案。一般的事实题可直接从文中找到答案，较为深层次的逻辑推理判断题，则需要在对全文

理解的基础上进行作答。答题一定要立场客观，勿掺杂主观因素。

3.复查。答题后对照短文内容对所写出的答案进行审核，做出必要的修正。

二、常见问句类型与答题技巧

常见问句类型

1一般疑问句

2选择疑问句

3特殊疑问句

答题时，要了解不同问题的回答方式。

1.答题总的原则是简略表达。

2.一般疑问句用Yes/No回答，相对简单些，只要理解文章含义，能判断出是或不是就可以

了。

3.选择疑问句（AorB）提问文章细节，回答时不用Yes/No,需选择其中正确的一部分（A

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或者B）来作答。

e.gWasthearearichorpoorinthe1950s?

——Itwaspoor

4.由特殊疑问词who,where,when,what,why,how等引导的特殊疑问句提问文章细节，回

答时较为复杂，要注意问题与回答在形式上的对应。

1）问时间地点数量等，答语中不要忘记介词

2）what提问，答语应是名词，名词性短语或完整句子

3）问方式（how提问），多用by+doing回答

4）why提问原因，becauseofsth./doing或because从句回答

why提问目的，可用todo回答

5在回答最后一个总结题时，抓住文章结构（总-分，分-总，总-分-总）,通过语篇结构分

析文章主旨大意，要注意答出关键点，用正确的语法将要点进行归纳整合，避免使用不熟

悉的句型，词汇或短语，尽可能使用原文中的关键词，切忌照抄多个原文句子。

6.在回答时，应该对照题目，根据需要对回答的句子的人称、单复数、时态、语态、词性等

做出适当的调整

【典型例题及相似题练习】

A

A108-year-oldMessageinaBottle

OnNovember30,1906,GeorgeBidderdroppedabottlefromaboatintotheNorthSea.The

weightedglassbottlesankalmosttotheseafloor,andthenitmovedslowlyfor108yearsand138

days.

ItsjourneyendedwhenMarianneWinklerfoundthebottlein2015.Winklerwasthenon

vacationonAmrumIsland.Shepickedupthebottlewhenitwaswashedupontothebeach.She

sawapieceofpaperinside,butdidrTtbreakitopen.Shecouldtellthatthebottlewasold,soshe

didn'twanttodamageit.Finallyshegotthepieceofpaperoutofthebottle.Shefoundthatthe

paperwasactuallyapostcard.Onthebackofthecardwasthismessage：

TheMarineBiologicalAssociation（海洋生物学协会）wouldpayashilling（先令）for

thebottle.AshillingwasaunitofmoneythatwasusedinGreatBritainbeforetheearly1970s.

Winklerfilledoutthecardandpostedit.Theassociationwassurprisedtogetapostcard

addressedtoGeorgeBidder,thepresidentoftheassociationfrom1939to1945.Theworkersofthe

associationsearchedontheInternettofindashilling.TheyfoundoneandsentittoWinklerasa

reward.

Themessageinthebottlewastheoldesteverre-discovered.ForthisreasonMarianneWinkler

gotaplacein“GuinnessWorldRecords^^（吉尼斯世界纪录）.Shebroketherecordfortheoldest

messageinabottle.

WinklerrfsbottlewasnottheonlyoneBiddersenttosea.Between1904and1906,hesent

awaymorethanonethousandbottles.Heplacedpostcardsinsidethem.Thebottleswerepartofa

researchprojecttomapcurrents（洋流）intheNorthSea.Thiswasthebestmethodatthattime.

Butwhethertheassociationcouldgetthebottlesbackdependedonthepeoplewhofoundthem.

Theassociationreportedthatabout55percentofthebottleswerereturned.Theyaddedthatthe

experimentwasasuccessasitshowedtheeast-to-westflowoftheNorthSeae?scurrents.

1.Howlongdidtheweightedglassbottlemoveinthesea?

2.DidMarianneWinklerfindthebottlein2015?

3.Whatwasinthebottle?

4.WhowasGeorgeBidder?

5.WhydidBidderdropbottlesintothesea?

B

Ready,Set,Jump!

Forskydivers,theskyisn'tthelimit.If'sjustthebeginning.Thousandsofpeopletryskydiving

eachyear.Someonlyjumponce,whileothersgoontoexperiencelifelongadventures,flyingand

turningoverthroughtheair.Skydivingisamethodofleavinganairplaneandreturningtothe

earthwiththehelpofgravity,thenslowingdownbyusingaparachute（降落伞）.Itmayinclude

moreorlessfree-fall,atimeduringwhichtheparachutehasnotbeenusedandthebodygradually

accelerates（力口速）tothehighestspeed.

Therearethreechoicesforthebeginners.However,beforeyoutryskydiving,agroundcourse

onsafetyisrequired.Thefirstmethodisacceleratedfree-fall.Youjumpoutoftheplanewhile

beingheldbytwocoaches,oneoneitherside.Theyholdontoyouuntilyouopenyourparachute.

Thesecondmethodiscalledstaticline.

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Afterjumpingout,youwillexperiencefree-fallforasecondortwo.Thentheweightofyour

bodywillpullthelinetight,openingtheparachute.Tandem（串联）isthemostpopularbecauseit

istheeasiest.Youandthecoacharetiedtogether,thecoachbehind,withyouinfront.Youjump

outoftheplanetogether,andthecoachtakescareofopeningtheparachute.

Foreachofthesethreemethods,thecoachesgiveinstructionsintheairwithhandsignals（信

号）oraradio.Ifyouareeagertotrysomethingchallengingandwouldlovetofeelthefreedomof

flying,skydivingmightbeanadventureforyou.Whoknows?Withriskandexcitementmixed

together,skydivingmightjustchangeyourlife.

1.Dothousandsofpeopletryskydivingeachyear?

2.Howmanychoicesarethereforthebeginners?

3.Whyistandemthemostpopular?

4.Howdothecoachesgiveinstructionsintheair?

5.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

【课堂综合练习】

阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。

Inthesummerof2006,GabrielWhaley,ahighschoolstudent,wantedtodosomethingto

helppeopleinhishometownofMidland,NorthCarolina.Whaleyknewthatthelocalfood

banks一placesthatcollectfoodforthehungry,couldnotfeedallthefamiliesinneedofhelpinhis

community.Asasoccerlover,healsoknewthatthecostofsoccercampspreventedsomechildren

fromattendingthem.Whaleyfoundawaytohelpsolvebothproblems.

WhaleystartedaprogramcalledKicking4Hunger.Heorganizedhisownsoccercampfor

childrenandaskedthemtobringcannedgoodstopayforthetraining.Thisallowedmany

childrentojoinin.Andthechildrenwhoattendedthecamphelpedhungrypeopleinthe

communitybysupportingthefoodbankswiththeircannedgoods.Whaley'sprojectwasasuccess!

Duringthethree-daycamp,morethan70childrenwereabletoplaysoccer.Betterstill,plentyof

foodwascollectedanddonated（捐赠）tothefoodbanks.

SinceWhaleystartedtheprogram,Kicking4Hungerhascollectedmorethan16,000

poundsoffoodandtaughtsoccerskillstomorethan1,000children.

Kicking4Hungerstillofferssoccertrainingtochildrennowinordertogetfooddonations.The

soccercampsareusuallyheldfbrthreeorfourdaysinthesummerandareopentochildrenfive

tofourteenyearsofage.Allskilllevelsarewelcome,thecoachesfocusonteachingsoccerbasics

suchaspassingandshooting.Thecoachesalsoteachchildrenaboutstayinghealthybyexercising

andeatingtherightfoods.

Whaleythinksthatoneofthereasonshiscampsaresuccessfulistheeffortofthevolunteers.

Manyofthecoachesareteenagerswhowanttohelpothers.Kicking4Hngertriestotellchildren

thatitismoreimportanttoenjoyplayingsoccerthantowingames.Thechildrenwhoattendthe

campshavefunandalsofeelgoodabouthelpinghungryfamilies.Kicking4Hungerisproofthat

theeffortsofonepersoncanleadtodifferencesinthelivesofmany.

61.WhostartedtheprogramKicking4Hunger?

62.Howmuchfoodhasbeencollectedsincetheprogramwasstarted?

63.WhydoesKicking4Hungeroffersoccertrainingtochildren?

64.WhatdoesKicking4Hungertrytotellchildren?

65.WhatdoesthewritermainlytellusaboutKicking4Hunger?

【课后限时作业】（7分钟）

ThanksgivingisalwaysonaThursday.ThedayafterithasbeenknownasBlackFriday.Itis

thestartoftheholidayshoppingseason,andithasbeenthebusiestshoppingdayoftheyearinthe

USsince2005.

MoststoresofferbigsalesonBlackFriday.Theyopentheirdoorsquiteearlyinthemorning.

Theytrytoattractshopperswithbigdiscounts（打折）.Someitems（商品）likeTVsandclothes

aremuchcheaperthanusual.Storesmayevenlosemoneyontheseitems.Theyhopethatshoppers

willbuygiftsforotherpeoplewhiletheyareinthestore.

BlackFridayisagreattimetogoshopping.However,thereareproblems.Thebiggestoneis

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thattherearenotenoughlow-priceditems.Eachstoremayonlyhaveafew.Theseitemsarein

greatneed,sopeoplestandinlonglinestogetthem.Theymaywaitthreetofourhoursbeforea

storeopens.TheymaybehopingtogetalowpriceonaTVorcomputer,butnoteverybodycanget

one.Somepeopleleave,disappointed.

Thesituationmakespeopleworried.SomeBlackFridayeventshavebeencrazy.Therehave

beenfightsovertoysamongshoppers.Someworkershaveevenbeenhurtbylargecrowds.But

mostBlackFridayeventsaresafeandfun.Still,ifyouplantogo,youwillexpectlargecrowdsand

abitofpushing.Sowheredoesthename“BlackFriday“comefrom?Itwasfirstusedin

Philadelphiainthe1950s.ThepolicecalledthisdayBlackFridaybecauseoftheheavytrafficit

caused.Inthe1960s,storestriedtorenametheday“BigFriday”.Itdidnotstick.

Thename“BlackFriday^^continuedtospreadacrossthecountry.Itseemsthatitishereto

stay.

NowpeoplealloverthecountrytakepartinBlackFridayevents.Itisevenspreadingtoother

partsoftheworld.StoreshaveheldBlackFridayeventsintheUK,Australia,andBrazilsince2012.

InMexico,storesofferaweekendofdiscountseveryyear.

Theycallit“ElBuenFin”,whichmeans“thegoodweekend“inSpanish.Iguesspeople

everywhereliketobuythingsonsale.

1.IsBlackFridaythestartoftheholidayshoppingseason?

2.WhatisthebiggestproblemwithBlackFriday?

3.Howlongmaypeoplehavetowaitbeforeastoreopens?

4.WherewasthenamectBlackFriday"firstusedinthe1950s?

5.WhydopeoplelikegoingshoppingonBlackFriday?

参考答案

错题回顾

阅读与表达

61.Yes.

细节题。由第一段“MarkRonsonisnowapopstarininhisownright”可知。

62.RecordofYearat2016GrammyAwards.

细节题。由第二段可知。

63.HepracticedbycopyinghisfavoriteDJsontheradio

.细节题。由第九段"IpracticedbycopyingmyfavoriteDJsontheradion”可知。

64.InclubsindowntownNewYork.

细节题°由第十段“RonsondroppedoutofNewYorkUniversityandplayedinclubsdowntown

NewYork”可知。

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65.Hardwork,strongwill,influencesfromhisfamilyandfullpreparation.

主旨归纳题。由第四段“heworkedsohard",第七段"Hisfamilyplaysanimporta