江苏高考英语二轮阅读理解专题

江苏2015高考英语二轮阅读理解专题（2）答案高瞻远瞩锁定主旨大意类题目I.体验高考（2014•福建）ItwasMother,sDaymorninglastyearandIwasdoingshoppingatourlocalsupermarketwithmyfiveyearoldson,Tenyson.Aswewereleavingwefoundthatonlyminutesearlieranelderlywomanhadfallenoverattheentranceandhadhitherheadontheconcrete.Herhusbandwaswithher,buttherewasbloodeverywhereandthewomanwasembarrassedandclearlyinshock.Walkingtowardsthescene,Tenysonbecameveryupsetaboutwhathadhappenedtothecouple.Hesaidtome,“Mum,it,snotmuchfunfallingoverinfrontofeveryone.”Atthefrontofthesupermarket,acharity（慈善）grouphadsetupastandsellingcookedsausagesandflowerstoraisefunds.Tenysonsuggestedthatweshouldbuytheladyaflower.“Itwillmakeherfeelbetter,”hesaid.Iwasamazedthathe,dcomeupwiththissweetidea.Sowewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflowerfortheladytocheerherup.“Justtakeit,”shereplied.“Ican,ttakeyourmoneyforsuchawonderfulgesture.”Bynowparamedics（急救人员）hadarrived,andwereattendingtotheinjuredwoman.Aswewalkeduptoher,mysonbecameintimidatedbyallthebloodandmedicalequipment.Hesaidhewasjusttooscaredtogouptoher.InsteadIgavetheflowertothewoman,shusbandandtoldh,m“Mysonwasveryupsetforyourwifeandwantedtogiveherthisflowertomakeherfeelbetter.”Atthat,theoldmanstartedcryingandsaid“Thankyousomuch,youhaveawonderfulson.HappyMother,sDaytoyou.”Themanthenbentdownandgavehiswifetheflowejrtellingherwhoitwasfrom.Thoughbadlyhurtandshaken,theoldladylookedupatTenysonwithloveinhereyesandgavehimalittlesmile.【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,记述了五岁小男孩Tenyson为了使摔倒的老太太开心，向花摊买花并送给老太太的动人故事。Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?Onecanneverbetoocareful.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.Lovebeginswithalittlesmile.Asmallactofkindnessbringsagreatjoy.解析推理判断题。尽管老人受伤严重，但是仍然向作者的儿子露出了微笑。由此可见一个小小的善举都可带来快乐。故选D项。答案DWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?TheelderlywomanwasknockeddownbyTenyson.Tenyson,sideaofbuyingaflowergainedhismother,ssupport.Tenyson,scarefortheelderlywomanpuzzledtheflowerseller.TheelderlywomanwasmovedtotearsbyTenyson,sgesture.解析事实细节题。根据第三段中sowewentovertotheflowersellerandaskedherifwecouldbuyaflowerfortheladytocheerherup.可知Tenyson的主意获得了他母亲的支持，故选B项。答案BTheunderlinedword“intimidated”inthefourthparagraphprobablymeans“”.A.astonished B.struckC.frightened D.excited解析词义猜测题。根据hesaidhewasjusttooscaredtogouptoher可猜出“intimidated”意思是“害怕的”。故选C项。答案C4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?FlowerPowerMother'sDayAnAccidentalInjuryAnEmbarrassingMoment解析主旨大意题。尽管老人受伤严重，但是仍然向作者的儿子露出了微笑。所以最好的题目应该是鲜花的力量，故选A项。答案AII.仿真、模拟Passage1体体裁：议论文话题：如何减压时间：6分钟Ourchildrenfeelstressedoutbyaneducationalsystemthatactuallyusesstressasaneducationaltechnique.It,saconstantpressureofhomeworkdeadlines,essaysandexams.Andourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresinlife.They,llendupnowhereiftheydon,tpassthisorthatexam.OureducationalsystemisbasedonaveryWesternideathatlifeisastruggleandyou,dbettermeasureup.It,ssurvivalofthefittest.Whilteiereissometruthtothis,notasmuchaspeoplethink.Ourancestorsdidn,tdevelopaconstantstressenvironment.Backthen,stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly,itwasn,tlikethestressofmoderneducation.Stresswasoriginallyjustashorttermbiologicalresponsetodanger；however,theconstantstressofmoderneducationrarelystops.It,slongterm,atleasttenyearsandusuallymore.Recentresearchhasshownthattheneurological（神经系统的）responsetostressisthesameresponsethatisfoundindepression.So,what,sthesolution?Anumberhavebeenproposed,includingbutnotlimitedtothefollowing..Exerciseconsumesenergythatwouldotherwisebuildupinthestressresponseandcouldcausephysicalandmentalproblems.Teachrelaxationexercises.Allowingthemindandbodytorelaxcutsoffthestressresponseandreducestheneurologicalfatigue,enablingtheindividualtorecoveratleastsomewhat.Payattentiontothinking.Trainingthestressedstudenttopayattentiontohisorherownmindtoapointwhereheorsheissufficientlyawaretoshutoffthestressresponsewhennecessary.Ofcourse,there,salogicalanswertotheproblem.Justrearrangeourteachingmethodstoencourage,ratherthanprevent,thenaturalcuriosityandjoyinlearningthatweareallbornwith.Thiswouldremovethestressandprobablycutlearningtimeinhalf.【语篇导读】 在现行教育制度下，孩子们的压力很大，已经不堪重负了。作为家长和老师，应该怎样有效的帮助孩子减压呢？Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?Dealingwithstressinmoderneducation.Helpingchildrenliveahappylife.Gettingridofthemoderneducation.D.Takingmeasurestolearnatschool.解析主旨大意题。这是一篇议论文，讲述了现行教育制度下，如何帮助孩子摆脱压力。故选A项。答案AChildrenfeelstressedbecause.theydisliketheeducationaltechniquetheyhavenoabilitytofinishtheirhomeworktheyareconvincedhighgradesareimportanttheysuffernumbersoffailuresintheirlife解析细节理解题。依据文章第一段的ourchildrenaretoldatayoungagethatfailingatestmeansthattheyarefailuresin廿£0可知，孩子们很小的时候就被告知考试失败意味着他们生活中也会失败。故选C项。答案CHowdidourancestorstreateducation?Theythoughteducationwastheonlywaytosuccess.Theyfelteducationcouldbringshorttermstress.C.Theybelievededucationcouldbringthebestout.D.Theyknewtheimportanceofgoodeducation.解析推理判断题。依据文章第二段的Backthen,stresscamequicklyandwasoverquickly可知，我们的祖先那时候，在教育方面压力来得快，也很快结束，是短期行为，故选B项。答案BWhichofthefollowingisthebestfortheblank?Makesurethatkidsgetexercise.Quiteafewchildrenavoidexercise.C.Trytosaveenergyasmuchaspossible.Setafewlimitstoyourphysicalactivities.解析推理判断题。运动消耗能量，否则这些能量引起压力反应，可能会导致身体和心理问题。因此让孩子们参加运动，这样可以减压。故选A项。答案AIfyouareateacherinahighschool.A.youshouldrelaxyourselfasfaraspossibleB.youshouldignorethestressedstudentC.youshouldleavestudentsinagoodmoodD.youshouldsticktoyourteachingmethods解析细节理解题。依据文章尾段可知，老师应该鼓励孩子们的好奇心，让孩子们在愉悦中学习。故选C项。答案CPassage2体裁：说明文话题：网络时代时间：6分钟Thinkabouthowmanywaysthereareforyoutocommunicatetoday.Youcansendaletterorpickupthephoneandmakeacall.Buttodayoneofthemostpopularwaystocommunicateiscalledinstantmessaging(IM).Inanyinstantmessagingsystem,youtypealittletextmessageonyourcomputer,pressthe“Send”button,andyourmessageinstantlyshowsuponyourfriend,sscreen.Buthowdoesitwork?Actually,thewholeprocessisverycool.Inthe1980s,youcouldsitdownatacomputeratanybiguniversity.Upto100peoplewouldbeloggedinandsharethecomputerbecausethesecomputerswereveryexpensive.Youcouldtypeacommandtosendaninstantmessagetoanyoneloggedinthesamecomputer.Itfeltlikeeveryonewasconnectedtogethernomatterwheretheyweresitting.Today,youcancommunicatewithanyoneintheworld.Allyouneedisaninstantmessagingprograminstalledonyourcomputer.Therearemanyprogramstochoosefrom.AOL,sinstantmessengerisprobablythemostpopularrightnow.MSNhasone.GooglehasGoogleTalk.Whenyou,reready,youcreateanaccount.Next,youneedtofigureouttheIMnamesyourfriendsuse.AddtheirIMnamestoyourIMprogram.Clickonthefriendyouwanttotalktoandthentypeaway.Whenyouclick“Send”yourfriendgetsthemessageinstantly.Butbehindthescenes,amazingthingsarehappening.YourIMprogramiscommunicatingwithacomputer,calledaserver,whichcouldbejustdowntheroadoreveninsomeothercity.Allyourfriends,computersarecommunicatingwithaserver,too.YourcomputerisconstantlychattingwithHtomakeeverythinghappen.ThenetworkcalledtheInternetmakesitallpossible.【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了目前网上最流行的交流方式一一即时通信。.Whatcouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?DifferentWaysofCommunicationTheEasiestWaytoTalktoaFriendHowtoSendInstantMessagesD.DevelopmentofCommunication解析主旨大意题。根据第一段的后两句及整篇文章的内容可知，该文介绍的是如何发送即时消息，所以选C项作标题最合适。答案C.Whydidsomanypeopleshareacomputerinthe1980s?Becausetheywantedtobeconnectedtoeachother.Becausefewpeoplecouldaffordtobuycomputers.Becausefewpeopleknewhowtousecomputers.Becausecomputersatthattimeweretoolarge.解析细节理解题。根据第二段的第三句“Upto100peoplewouldbeloggedinandsharethecomputerbecausethesecomputerswereveryexpensive.”可知，一百多个人使用一台电脑是因为电脑太贵，很少有人买得起。答案B.Fromthepassagewecanseethat“GoogleTalk”.isakindofsearchenginereferstoacomputercompanyisafamouswebsiteisanIMprogram解析细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，要想进行即时聊天，你需要在电脑上装一个IM程序，并且有很多这样的程序供你选择，故GoogleTalk是一个IM程序。答案D.Theunderlined“it”inthelastparagraphmostprobablyrefersto“”.A.aserver B.anIMprogramC.acomputer D.theInternet解析代词指代题。根据上文中的“YourIMprogramiscommunicatingwithacomputer,calledaserver”以及“Allyourfriends,computersarecommunicatingwithaserver,too.”可知，此处的it指的就是前面提到的aserver。答案APassage3e,TIT，体体裁：记叙文话题：慈善行为时间：6分钟BasketballprofessionalTinaCharlesgrewupunderstandingtheimportanceofeducationandofgivingbacktoothers.WhentheWNBAstarandthe2012USOlympicWomen,sBasketballteamathleteheardaboutthechancetofundaschoolinanAfricanvillage,shemadesuretotakepart.Charlesfirstcameacrosstheopportunitywhileshewasasophomoreincollege.Atthattime,shedidn,thavethefundstohelpout,butallofthatchangedwhenshewasdrafted（选派）totheWNBA.Withthehelpoftwocharitableorganizations—OmniPeaceandbuildOn—Charlesfundedtheentire532,000costoftheschool.Theschool,completedearlierthisspring,wasbuiltinthesmallvillageofGanaleinwesternAfrica.BeforeCharles,contribution,childrenlivinginthevillagewereschooledintinymudhuts.Thelackofproperlightingandofproperairflowmadeitdifficultforthestudentstolearn.Thenewschoolbuildingisnearly3,000squarefeetandcontainsthreelargeclassrooms.Itcanfitupto150studentsatatimeandisalsousedforadultliteracy（读写能力）classesintheevenings.Theschoolwillbeasourceoflearningforgenerationstocome.CharlesundertookthischaritableactwhileplayingprofessionalbasketballandpreparingfortheLondonOlympics.TheOlympicGamesbegintoday,July27,andCharleswillplayforateamthathaswonthegoldmedalinthelastfourOlympicGames.ThefirsttimeOlympiccompetitorconsidersherpositionintheteam,alongwith12fellowfemalebasketballplayers,a“testamenttohowhardsheworks”.WhetheritisrepresentinghercountryintheOlympicGamesorgivingbacktothecommunity,Charlesisalwaysworkinghard.“Onceyoureceive,youhavetogive,”shetoldthereporter.“IwantedogiveothersthesameopportunitiesIhadgrowingup.”【语篇导读】 首次参加奥运会的美国女子职业篮球运动员蒂娜•查尔斯出资32000美元，为非洲的一个村子援建了一所学校。Charlesdidn,thelpwiththebuildingofaschoolthefirsttimeshecameacrosstheopportunitybecause.shewasbusywithherstudiesshecouldn,tmakethedecisionshedidn,thaveenoughmoneyshewasbusyplayingbasketball解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，在上大学期间，蒂娜就听说了为非洲援建学校的事情，但是，当时她没有钱来提供帮助。故答案为C。答案C2.Theunderlinedword“testament”inParagraph6probablymeans“”.A.proof B.guaranteeC.investigation D.devotion解析词义猜测题。根据第六段可知，蒂娜认为自己在球队里的位置是对自己努力的一个证明。由此可推断画线词意为“证明”与proof同义。其他几个词代入原文均讲不通。答案AWhatdothevillagersdointhenewschoolintheevening?WatchTVandmovies.Singanddancetohavefun.Learnhowtoreadandwrite.Helpchildrenwiththeirlessons.解析细节理解题。根据第四段第二句的内容可知，成年人晚上到新学校来学识字。故答案为C。答案CWhatisthebesttitleofthetext?AnOlympianLendsaHandAfricanChildren,sNewLifeANewSchoolforAfricanChildrenD.TheWomanOlympicCompetitor解析主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了首次参加奥运会的美国女子篮球运动员蒂娜为非洲捐款建学校的故事，因此A项作为本文的标题最合适。答案APassage4体裁：记叙文话题：学校生活时间：6分钟Wouldyouwantadoctorwhogothighmarksinmedicalschooljustfortryinghard?Apparentlymanycollegestudentswouldhavenoproblemwiththat.Theybelievestudentsareowedagoodgradesimplybecausetheyputalotofeffortintoaclass.Theresearchersaskedover800undergraduatesiftheyagreedordisagreedwithsomestatements.Forexample：“IfIhavecompletedmostofthereadingforaclass,IdeserveaBinthatcourse.”“AprofessorshouldnotbeannoyedwithmeifIreceiveanimportantcallduringclass.”Just16%thoughtitwasOKtotakethatphonecall.But66%agreedthataprofessorshouldconsidereffortandnotjustthequalityofastudent,sworkwhendecidinggrades.And40%thoughttheyshouldgetaB,thesecondhighestmark,justbecausetheydidmostofthereadingforclass.Someexpertsaren,tsurprisedthatstudentsoftenseenodifferencebetweeneffortandresults.Socialcriticsliketosaythatinchildren,sactivitiesthesedays,everyonegetsanawardjustfortrying,sonoonewillfeelrejected.Yetcompetitiontogetintothebestcollegesisfiercerthanever.Studentsmayworrythatlowgradeswillkeepthemoutofgraduateschooloragoodjob.Andtheremaybeanotherexplanation:pressurefromparentstogetagoodreturnonthefamily,sinvestment.Thesedays,collegecancostmorethanahouse.AformerteachingassistantrecentlywrotetoTheNewYorkTimesabouthisexperiencewithgradeexpectations.Hewouldtrytoexplainitthiswaywhenstudentsaskedforatopgradejustforstudyinghardinchemistryclass.Whatifabaseballplayercametospringtrainingandworkedharderthanalltheothers,butstillcouldnotplaywell?Wouldtheteamaccepthimanyway,justbecausehetriedsohard?Thestudentswouldsayno.ButmostofthemwouldstillaskforanA.【语篇导读】许多大学生认为只要他们努力学习，就应当得到高的分数，但是专家认为，努力和结果不能等同。Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?Whetherstudentsdeservehighmarksjustfortryinghard.Whetherstudentsareallowedtoanswercallsinclass.Howstudentscangetagoodgradeinthecourse.Whystudentsputalotofeffortsintheirstudies.解析主旨大意题。根据全文内容尤其是第一段中的“Theybelievestudentsareowedagoodgradesimplybecausetheyputalotofeffortintoaclass.”可知，文章主要讨论的是“付出努力是否应该得到高分”。答案AAccordingtotheresearch,mostofthestudents.A.thoughtitwasallrighttoanswerthecallduringclassobjectedtodecidinggradesonlybythequalityofastudent,sworkthoughttheydidmostoftheworkforclassandshouldgetaBagreedthattheyshouldbegiventopgradesbecauseoftheirhardwork解析细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句“But66%agreedthataprofessorshouldconsidereffortandnotjustthequalityofastudent,sworkwhendecidinggrades.”可知，大多数的学生不同意教授只根据功课的质量来决定分数。答案BFromthesixthparagraphwecanlearnthat.itcostsmuchmoretobuildacollegethantobuyahousethecostsofstudyingatcollegearemuchmorethanstayingathomethecostsofsendingachildtocollegearemuchmorethanbuyingahouseitisdifficultforparentstosendachildtocollege解析细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Thesedays,collegecancostmorethanahouse.”可知，如今供孩子上大学的费用比买房的费用还高。答案CWhatdoestheformerassistantwanttotellstudentswiththeexampleofthebaseballplayer?Effortcanleadtogoodresults.Effortisverynecessary.Effortandresultsarequitedifferent.Nogoodresults,effortisunnecessary.解析推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Wouldtheteamaccepthimanyway,justbecausehetriedsohard?”的反问来看，他想让学生知道“努力不等于好结果”。答案CPassage5体裁：议论文话题：欧美风情时间：6分钟Theycanbedampandcold.Butwithagrowingnumberofmenseeingtheshedasahomefromhome,researchclaimsthesolitude（独处）itprovidesatthebottomofthegardencouldactuallybegoodfortheirhealth.AstudypublishedintheBritishMedicalJournalsuggeststhatthepeacefulretreat（退隐）mayhelplowerbloodpressure.ItsauthorProfessorAlanWhiteofLeedsMetropolitanUniversity,claimsthehoursspentpottering闲逛）aboutinshedsdoingoddjobsalsohaveapositiveeffectonmen,sselfesteem.“Menfinddoingthingsrelaxingandthatinitselfisgoodfortheirhealth,”hesaid.“There'sasenseofachievementthatmengetfromstartingatasktoseeingitcompleted.Menknowwhatashedmeansandtheyfeelcomfortable.”Suchhasbeenthegrowthinitspopularitythatcommunal共享的）shedsarebeingsetuptoenablementosharetheirloveofpotteringandDIY.The“Men'sSheds”initiativehasitsrootsinAustralia.But20communalshedshavealreadysprungupintheUKfromtheLakeDistricttoGreenwich.PeterBaker,chiefexecutiveoftheMen,sHealthForum,acharityinvolvedinthescheme,said,“They'vecaughtmen,simagination.Menliketopotter.”Thereareapproximately11.5milliondomesticshedsinBritain—ahigherconcentrationthananywhereelseintheworld-and1.5millionaresoldeveryyear.Furthermore,Britonsspendmorethan60millionhoursaweekinthem.OriginatingfromtheAngloSaxonword“scead”，meaningshade,thepeacefulretreatremainsaplaceforthelawnmowerandpottingbenchbuthasalsobeentransformedintoagamesroomandevenaminipub.【语篇导读】庭院储藏室在英国很受男性的欢迎，因为它们不仅对男性的身体健康有好处，而且还可以提升他们的自尊。Communalshedsarepopularbecause.mencansharetheirloveofpotteringandDIYtheremencankeepawayfromotherfamilymembersthereC.mencanstaythereforthegoodoftheirhealthD.mencancompleteanimportanttaskthere解析细节理解题。从文章第三段第一句可知，男人在庭院储藏室可以分享他们对闲逛的爱好以及自己动手做事情的乐趣。答案AWhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaboutgardensheds?A.Menwillfeelrelaxedinthem.B.Menwillfeellonelystayinginthem.C.Theyonlybenefitmenphysically.D.Theycanhelpraisemen,sconfidence.解析细节理解题。综合文章第二段所给的信息，庭院储藏室不仅对男性身体有好处，而且能够提高他们的自尊，它们对男性的影响是积极的，而B项说明的是本文并未提及的庭院储藏室的负面作用，因此不对。答案BWhatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?Gardenshedsarejustaplaceformentowork.Gardenshedsarenotusedbymenonly.C.Gardenshedsaremainlyusedasastoreroom.D.Gardenshedsserveseveralpurposesformen.解析推理判断题。文章最后一段说明，庭院储藏室不仅是存放割草机和盆栽长模的地方，而且还可作为游戏室和迷你pub,由此推断D项正确。答案DWhichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?ThepopularityofgardenshedsThenewuseofgardenshedsHowtobuildgardenshedsGardenshedsimprovemen,shealth解析主旨大意题。综合全文，特别是文章第一段可知，文章主要说明庭院储藏室对男性健康的好处。答案D【长难句解读】原文Suchhasbeenthegrowthinitspopularitythatcommuna共享的）shedsarebeingsetuptoenablementosharetheirloveofpotteringandDIY.译文庭院储藏室如此受欢迎，以至于人们搭建起公用的储藏室，让男人在里面分享他们对闲逛的爱好和自己动手的乐趣。分析本句是一个复合句，采用了倒装形式。such...that...句式，如果把such置于句首，就要用倒装语序。Passage6皤/体体裁：记叙文话题：公共服务时间：7分钟Theworldoftaxidriversisdominatedbymen.ButthereisonesmalltaxicompanyinDelhi,whereallthedriversandpassengersarefemale.Women,ssafetyisahottopicinIndiaatthemoment,soit,sprovingaverypopularservice.“WhenI,montheroaddrivingourtaxiIfeelveryproud,becausethisisthefirsttaxiserviceonlyforwomen”says31yearoldShantiSharma,whoisoneofeightfemaledriverswithataxiservicecalledCabsforWomenbyWomen.Thelastcoupleofmonths,sincetherapeandmurderinthecityofacollegestudenttravellingonabus,havebeenparticularlybusyforherandhercolleagues.“Afterthiscase,ourworkloadhasincreasedsomuch,”saysSharma.“Womenwhousedothercabservicesarealsoturningtousnow.”MostwomeninDelhisaytheyroutinelyfaceharassment骚扰），andworse,especiallyonpublictransport.Sharma,asingleparentwiththreedaughters,hasbeenworkingasataxidriversince2011,whentheservicewasfirstsetupandithaschangedherlife.Thisisthefirsttimethatshehasearnedenough—about$250amonth—tosupportherfamily.Ofcourse，sheandtheotherfemaletaxidriversarecompletelyoutnumberedbymalecabbies.“WhenIparksomewheretherearealwaysmenthereandinevitablyfiveorsixofthemgettogetherandhangout，”shesays.“I'musuallytheonlywomanintheparkinglot，so