钟表中英文对照术语表

-.z钟表中英文对照术语表，希望对各位表迷有所帮助10J-10天动力储藏Abbreviationfor

10dayspowerreserve

inthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"10dayspowerreserve-10天动力储藏〞的缩写。24H-24小时表盘Abbreviationfor"24-hourdial",inthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"24-hourdial-24小时表盘〞的缩写。Amplitude-摆幅Measurementindegreesofthemovementofabalanceandspringassembly:amplitudeistheanglebetweenthepositionofequilibriumanditsma*imumelongation.测量摆轮游丝装置的摆动角度：摆幅即是游丝装置的平衡位置与最大距角之间的角度。Analogue-指针式时间显示Referstotimedisplayusinghands.指采用指针来显示时间。Aperture-视窗、孔径Dialopeningrevealingtheindicationsprovidedondiscsrotatingunderthedial.表盘上的开孔，可看见表盘下的转盘的显示信息。Applique-镶刻Raisednumeralorhour-marker,appliedtoorrivetedtothedial.AtPatekPhilippe,appliquesarealwaysingoldandaresometimesdiamond-set.固定在表盘上的凸起数字或时间刻度。百达翡丽钟表的镶刻通常用金打造，有时亦会镶嵌钻石。Appropriage-抛磨修整AnactivitycarriedoutbytheGrandComplicationsworkshop.Thewatchmakersthemselvesperformcertainfinishingoperationssuchaspolishingsteelpartsorchamferingbridges.顶级复杂功能〔GrandComplications〕作坊从事的一项工作。制表师亲自进展一些修正操作，如磨光钢部件和斜切桥板等。Aquanaut-Aquanaut系列AcollectioninspiredbytheNautilus,createdin1996.Itisdistinguishedbythecomple*ityofitscaseshape,equippedwithascrew-downcrown,framingasuperblyfinishedblackte*tureddial.Aquanautwatchesareavailableinthreesizes(small,mediumandlarge)andintwoversions(goldandsteel),ona"Tropical"compositestrapormetalbracelet.始创于1996年的腕表系列，灵感来自Nautilus系列。Aquanaut系列表以综合的表壳形状、旋入式表冠，精雕细琢的黑色纹理表盘为特色。该系列腕表分为大、中、小三种尺寸，并有金和不锈钢两种材质，表带则有"Tropical〞合成带和金属链。Arabic-阿拉伯数字Usualwayofshowingthenumerals.Arabicnumerals:..9.0.AsopposedtoRomannumerals:I,II,III...显示数字的常用方式，阿拉伯数字有1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、0，分别对应罗马数字I、II、III……Arm-臂杆Elongatedpartlinkingcertainpartsofamechanismwithinamovement(suchasthearmofawheel,fore*ample).连接机芯*些装置的狭长部件〔如齿轮的臂杆等〕。ArtDeco-装饰艺术AnartisticmovementstemmingfromtheDecorativeArtsE*hibitioninParisin1925,whichassertsatasteforstraightlinesandthegeometricalinterpretationofnature'sforms.一项源自1925年巴黎装饰艺术博览会〔DecorativeArtsE*hibition〕的艺术运动，主以直线与几何形状表达自然之美。Attachment-表耳、凸耳See

Horns.参见"Horns-表耳〞的解释。Back-底盖Thelowerpartofthecase,fi*edbeneaththecasemiddle.Thecase,eitherinmetalorinsapphirecrystaltorevealthemovement,maybeofthescrew-down,snap-on,screw-onorhingeddustcovertype.Screw-downback:thebackandthecasemiddlearerespectivelyfittedwithascrewthreadandthusscrewedtoeachother.Snap-onback:thebackisheldontothecasemiddlebypressure.Screw-onbackthebackisheldontothecasemiddlebyfourscrews.Hingeddustcover:thesapphirecrystalisheldontothecasemiddlebypressure,andthedustcoverishingedtothecasemiddle,enablingonetorevealthemovement.OnPatekPhilippewatches,thebackmayalsobeintegratedwiththecasemiddle.Onthosekindofmodels,thewatchisequippedwithamovementwitha"splitstem".表壳下半局部，固定在表壳中心下面。无论底盖是金属材质或是可展示机芯的蓝宝石水晶，均可采用旋入式、揿扣式螺丝固定或铰接式防尘表盖的结合方式。旋入式底盖：底盖和表壳中心通过螺纹接合，因此可以相互旋紧。揿扣式底盖：通过压力将底盖固定到表壳中心。螺丝底盖：通过四个螺钉将底盖固定到表壳中心。铰链式防尘盖：通过压力将蓝宝石水晶底盖固定到表壳中心，然后将防尘表盖铰接到表壳中心，可以翻开来观察机芯。百达翡丽钟表的底盖亦可以与表壳中心融为一起。这类钟表的机芯都配有"拼合柄轴〞。Baguette-方钻、长矩形宝石Agemstonecut.一种宝石车工。Balanceandspringassembly-摆轮和游丝装置Theregulatingorganofamechanicalmovement.Thebalanceandspringassembly,composedofabalanceandabalance-spring,oscillatesundertheimpetusoftheescapement.InPatekPhilippewatches,balanceandspringassembliesaregenerallyoftheGynoma*type.机械机芯的调校机构。摆轮游丝装置由摆轮和游丝构成，在擒纵机构的推动下摆动。百达翡丽钟表的摆轮游丝装置通常为Gyroma*类型。Balanceroller-摆轮轴Disc-shapedescapementcomponent.Thebalancerollerreceivestheimpulsesfromthepalletsviaitsimpulse-pin.盘状擒纵部件。摆轮滚轴通过冲击销来接收擒纵叉的冲击。Balance-cock-摆轮夹板Synonymouswithabalance-bridge.Thebalance-cockhasaspecialshape,fromwhichitgetsitsname,whichrevealsthebalance.同摆轮桥板。摆轮夹板的形状特殊，由其英文名称可知，那是与摆轮有关的局部。Balance-spring-摆轮游丝、游丝Smallspringcoiledintoaspiral,anintegralpartofthebalanceandspringassembly.卷成盘状的小弹簧，是摆轮游丝装置的组成局部。Ball-bearingmechanism-滚珠轴承机件Mechanicaldeviceenablingtwopartstorollovereachotherinsteadofsliding.可使两个部件互相滚动而非互相滑动的机械装置。Barrel-发条鼓、发条匣Thepartofamechanicalmovementthatenablestheaccumulationofenergy.Thebarreliscomposedofawheelanddrum(cylindricalcase)withacover.Ithousesthemainspringwhichcoilsaroundthebarrelarborundertheimpetusoftheratchetwheel.机械机芯的部件之一，可以积累动力。发条鼓由齿轮和鼓形带盖的圆筒〔条鼓轮〕构成。发条鼓装着主发条，在大钢轮的推动力下缠绕在条轴上。Barrelarbor-条轴Thestemaroundwhichthemainspringcoils.主发条缠绕的轴心。Barreldrum-条鼓轮Thelateralwallofthebarrel,fittedwithahooktoreceivethemainspring.发条鼓的侧壁，装有一个弯钩以固定主发条。Baseplate-底板Centralplateofthemovement,madeinbrassornickelsilver,onwhichthemovementcomponentsareassembled.Theuppersideofthebaseplateisthesidefacingthecasebackwhichreceivesthemovementorgans.Theundersideofthebaseplateisthesidefacingthedial.机芯的中央板，通常为黄铜或镍银制成，机芯组件在此底板上组装。底板的上面对着表壳底盖，用于安装机芯机件，而底板的下面则对着表盘。Baton-巴顿式指针Referstohourmarkersorhandsfeaturingtheelongatedshapeofabaton.指条形时间刻度或指针。Bauhaus-包豪斯AGermanschoolofarchitectureandappliedarts,renownedforhavinginitiatedtheartisticmovementwhichholdsthatfunctiondeterminesform.TheBauhauswasfoundedin1919byWalterGropiusinWeimar.德国建筑与应用艺术学院，以发动艺术运动而闻名。他们的观点是功能决定形式。包豪斯学院于1919年由格罗皮乌斯在德国玛创立。Benzine-苯精、轻质汽油Ahydrocarbonwithsolventproperties.具有溶解特性的碳氢化合物。Bezel-表框Upperpartofthecasewhichholdstheglass.Itisfi*edabovethecasemiddle.表壳上半局部，用于固定表镜。安装在表壳中心之上。Bienfacture-优质ASwisswordwithFrenchroots(basicallymeaning"tomakewell")whichreferstothegoodqualityofapieceofworkoranobject.来源于法语的瑞士语单词〔大意为"做得很好〞〕，指一件高质量的作品或物品。Binocularmagnifyingglass-双筒放大镜Instrumentdegrossissementoptiquequicomportedeu*oculairesoulentillesetpermetderegarderaveclesdeu*yeu*enmêmetemps.一个有双目镜的光学放大镜，使人可以同时用双眼观察。Blue-蓝油Aprotectivevarnishusedtocoatallpartsofthecaseandmetalbraceletafterpolishing.保护性清漆，用于涂敷所有磨光后的表壳部件和金属表链。Bracket-托架Akindofsupportorrest.一种支撑物或支架。Brass-黄铜Alloyofcopperandzinc.铜锌合金。Breguet-宝玑Abraham-LouisBreguet:SwisswatchmakerestablishedinParis(1747-1823),whoseinventionsincludethetourbillonescapement.Breguetnumerals:numeralsdesignedbyA.-LouisBreguet,adoptedbyPatekPhilippeoncertaindials.Breguethands:hollowed-tiphandsdesignedbyA.-LouisBreguet,adoptedbyPatekPhilippeoncertainwatchmodels.Bridge-桥板Movementpartfi*edtothebaseplate,inwhichthepivotofmobilepartsturn.Generallyspeaking,bridgesarenamedafterthemobilepartstheycarry.Amongtheeasiesttorecogniseisthebalance-cock.固定在底板上的机芯部件，移动部件的枢轴在其中转动。一般而言，桥板根据它所承载的移动部件来命名，其中最容易识别的桥板就是摆轮夹板。Brilliant-多面型Themostwidelyusedcutfordiamonds.Itcomprises57facets,meaning1tablesurroundedwith32facetsforthecrownand24fortheculet.钻石最常见的车工，共有57个琢面，即冠部的一个台面有32个琢面围绕，钻底则有24个琢面。Burin-雕刻刀、錾刀Engraver'schisel.雕刻师的工具。Byzantine-拜占庭风格Styleofchainbracelet,madefromgoldthreads.ThistypeofbraceletisfoundontheGoldenEllipse4931/2watch.由金线制成的表链样式。GoldenEllipse编号4931/2腕表就采用这种表链。C-日历Abbreviationfor"calendar〞=simpledate=simplecalendarinthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"calendar-日历〞的缩写=简单日期=简单日历。Cabled-缆线式指针Referstoahandshapedlikeacable.形状如缆线的指针。Calatrava-Calatrava系列AnemblematicandquintessentiallyclassicPatekPhilippecollectionsince1932.Thelinesofthistimelesswatchwitharoundcaseformenandladies,aredirectlyinspiredbytheBauhausartisticmovement.Featuringabezelthatmaybeflat,round,gem-setoradornedwithahobnailpattern,thewatchitselfmaybeultra-thinorfittedwithacoverprotectingthesapphirecaseback.百达翡丽自1932年一直沿用的经典系列表。这一经久不衰的男/女手表系列均有圆形表壳，设计灵感直接来自包豪斯艺术运动。表框既可为扁平、圆形、镶有宝石，也可饰以平头钉图案，表型即可为超薄型，又可配有表盖以保护蓝宝石底盖。Calendar-日历Acomplicationthatprovidesthevariousindicationsoftheconventionalcalendarsuchasthedate,thedate,theweek,themonthandtheyear.PatekPhilippewatchesinclude:Simplecalendars:theygivethedatethroughanapertureorbymeansofahand,indicatingthenumberofthedayfrom1to31withinthemonth.Theymustbemanuallyadjustedattheendof30-daymonthsandattheendofFebruary.Annualcalendar:acompletecalendar(day,dateandmonth),patentedin1996,whichrequiresasinglemanualadjustmenteachyear,attheendofFebruary.Perpetualcalendars,whichtakeaccountofmonthlyvariations,includingthoseofleapyears,untiltheyear2100(thene*tcenturyyearnotdivisibleby400).Thesecularperpetualcalendar,whichtakesaccountofallthevariablesinourcalendar,includingthatofcenturyyearsnotdivisibleby400.Thisisthemostsophisticatedcalendarine*istence.ItpowerscertainpocketwatchessuchastheCalibre89.复杂功能之一，提供各种传统日历显示，如日期、星期、月、年等。百达翡丽表的日历分为：简单日历：透过视窗或借助指针显示每月1至31号的日期数字。在小月〔只有30天〕和二月完毕时，必须手动调节日期。年历：1996年获得专利的完整日历〔星期、日期和月份〕显示技术，每年只需在二月完毕时手动调节一次。万年历：考虑到月份的变化〔包括闰年的月份〕，可显示至2100年〔不能被400整除的下一个世纪年〕。长久万年历：考虑到日历中的所有变化，包括不能被400整除的世纪年份。这是现有最复杂的日历技术，增大*些怀表〔如Calibre89〕的功能。Cam-凸轮Adiscwithaspecialprofileonwhichasprungleverrests.轮廓特殊的盘，支撑弹性扳手。Cannon-pinion-卡农小齿轮Inamovement,thepinionthatcontrolsthemotion-work(thegeartrainthatdrivesthehour,minuteandsecondshands).在机芯中控制运动机件〔驱动时针、分针和秒针的齿轮系〕的小齿轮。Carat-K〔黄金〕、克拉〔宝石〕Aunitofthegoldpurityinde*forgoldalloys.Pureorfinegoldweighs24carats.Watchesandjewelleryarecraftedfrom18-carator750gold,analloycontaining18/24thsor75%ofpuregold.金制品的黄金纯度单位。纯金为24K。手表和珠宝工艺品使用18K或750金，即含金量为18/24或75%的合金。宝石的重量单位。1克拉等于0.2克。Case-表壳Thewatchcaseisgenerallycomposedofthreeparts:thecasemiddle,thebezelandthecaseback.表壳通常由三局部构成：即表壳中心、表框和底盖。Casemiddle-表壳中心Themiddlepartofthecase,placedbetweenthebezelandtheback.Ithousesthemovement.表壳的中心局部，位于表框和底盖之间。用于容纳机芯。Casing-ring-表壳衬圈Ringsurroundingthemovementandholdingitinsidethecase.环绕机芯并将机芯固定在表壳的衬圈。Cathedral-教堂音簧See"gong".参见"gong-音簧〞的解释。Celestialcanopy-天文图Complicationthatprovidesarepresentationofthesky,asitmaybeobservedatnight.Alsoknownasskychart,itenablesonetofollowthepositionsofthestarsandthatofthemoonandtovisualisethevariousphases.显示天相的复杂功能，也称为天文星图。人们可以跟踪星星和月亮的位置，并目测各种月相。CH-计时腕表Abbreviationfor

Chronograph

inthePatekPhilippetypology.百达翡丽表中"Chronograph-计时腕表〞的缩写。Chainbracelet-链条状表链Abraceletforwhichthelinksareproducedonebyonefromagoldwire.通过金线一个接一个连接起来的表链。Chamfering-倒角Cuttingandpolishinganedgebetweenthesurfaceandtheflankofcertainmovementparts,foraestheticpurposes.Chamferingunderscorestheshapeofapartand,oncethecomponentsareassembled,thelightplaysovertheminane*tremelyattractiveway.Chamferingisatermusedinwatchmaking,aswellasinmarquetry-workandcabinet-making.出于美观，对*些机芯部件的外表与侧面之间的棱边进展切削和抛光。倒角强调部件的形状，组件装配起来后，部件将反射出迷人的光辉。倒角一词用于制表业以及镶嵌细工和家具木工。Champlevé-雕刻珐琅、填珐琅Handengravingtechnique.Champlevéconsistsofhollowingoutametalplatewithaflatgraver,thusformingsmallcavitiestoreceivetheenamel.一种手工雕刻工艺。使用扁平的雕刻刀挖空金属，形成小空腔以填充珐琅。Chenier(orknuckle)-铰链〔或关节〕Smalltubeintowhichoneinsertsapintoformahinge.小管件，部可插入销针，从而形成折叶。CHR-追针计时、双秒针分段计时Abbreviationof"Splitsecondschronograph〞inthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"Splitsecondschronograph-追针计时、双秒针分段计时〞的缩写。Chronograph-计时腕表Watchcomplicationenablingmeasurementofthedurationofanevent.Aclassicchronographcomprisesachronographorsecondshandcirclingthedialandanotherhandaddinguptheminutesonacounterortotaliser.Somehaveadditionalcounters.Becarefulnottoconfuseachronographwithachronometer!钟表的复杂功能之一，用于测量*一事件的持续时间。标准的计时腕表由计时或围绕表盘旋转的秒针以及另一支指针组成，用以累加计数器或加法器上的分钟数。有些计时腕表带有额外的计数器。注意不要将计时腕表与精细计时器混淆。Chronometer-精细计时器Awatchfeaturinghighprecisioncertifiedbyanofficialbody.InSwitzerland,ratingcertificatesaregranted,onaone-by-onebasis,bytheCOSC(SwissOfficialChronometerTestingInstitue).Becarefulnottoconfuseachronometerwithachronograph!高精度获得官方机构认证的钟表。在瑞士，由COSC〔瑞士官方天文表测试组织〕逐一授予等级证明书。注意不要将计时腕表与精细计时器混淆。Circulargraining-旋转式打圈图案Decoratingthesurfaceofbridgesandplateswithinterlacingcircularmotifs(liketilesonaroof).Circulargrainingisperformedusingaroundabrasivepolisher.用穿插环状图纹〔如同屋顶上的瓦片〕装饰桥板和主机板的外表。旋转式打圈图案采用圆形研磨抛光机进展。Circularsatinfinish-旋转式打圈磨光效果Formingfinecircularlinesonthesurfaceofcertainbrassornickelsilverparts,foraestheticpurposes.Acircularsatinfinishisachievedusingahandlatheoremerypaper.出于美观，在*些铜或镍银部件外表塑造精细的环线。旋转式打圈磨光效果采用手摇车窗或砂纸进展。CITES-CITES公约ConventiononInternationalTradeinEndangeredSpeciesofwildfaunaandflora.Thisagreementbetweennationsisintendedtoensurethatinternationaltradeinspecimensofwildplantsandanimalsdoesnotthreatenthesurvivalofthespeciestowhichtheybelong.PatekPhilippewatchstrapsaremadefromtheleatheroffarmedanimalssubjecttotheCITES.即"濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约"。此项国际公约旨在确保国际野生动植物样本贸易不会对这些野生动植物所属物种的生存造成威胁。受CITES公约的规限，百达翡丽表的表带均采用饲养动物的皮革制作。CL-天文图Abbreviationfor

Celestialcanopy

(orskychart)inthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"Celestialcanopy(orskychart)-天文图〔或天文星图〕〞的缩写。Cloisonné-景泰蓝See"Enamel〞.参见"Enamel-珐琅〞的解释。ClousdeParis-巴黎钉纹图案See"Hobnailpattern".参见"Hobnailpattern-平头钉图案〞的解释。CNC-电脑数值控制AcronymforComputerisedNumericalControl.是"ComputerisedNumericalControl-电脑数值控制〞的缩写。Column-wheel-导柱轮Centralelementofthesplitsecondschronographmechanismwhichgivesthevariousparts(operating-leverhook,hammer,couplingleverandbrake)theirappropriatepositions.追针计时机件的主要元件，使不同部件〔操作杆钩、锤、连动杆和制动器〕处于各自适当的位置。Comet'stail-彗尾Referstoaflawone*teriorparts:materialslightlyhollowedaroundatinyburr.指外部组件的瑕疵：小毛边周围的轻微凹陷材料。Consecutive-连续Relatingtoasequence,awellorderedsuccession(asopposedtosimultaneous).与序列有关，按顺序的连续性〔与"同时〞相对〕。Corrector-校正器Buttonintegratedwithinthecasemiddle,whichispressedusingthesettingstylustoadjustcertainspecificfunctions.结合在表壳中心的按钮。使用拨针按该按钮，可以调节假设干特殊功能。COSC-COSC瑞士官方时计测定局SwissOfficialChronometerTestingInstitute瑞士官方时计测定局〔SwissOfficialChronometerTestingInstitute〕的缩写。Counter-计数器Inaclassicchronograph,asubdialindicatingthetimeelapsedinminutes.Therearealsocountersforhoursorfractionsofasecond.在经典的计时腕表中，以分钟表示时间流逝的小表盘。此外，还有表示小时或几分之一秒的计数器。Crown-表冠Abutton(whichisoftenfluted),operatedbetweenthethumbandforefingerthatispulledintovariouspositionsandturned,generallytosetthetimeoradjustthedate.Onmechanicalwatches,thecrown(orwindingcrown)alsoservestowindthemovement.See:Windingcrown.通常带有槽沟的按钮，用拇指与食指将其拉到不同位置，并向不同方向并旋转，一般用于设定时间或调校日期。机械表上的表冠〔或上弦表冠〕还可用于给机芯上弦。参见"上弦表冠〞。Cut-车工Gemstonecut:anessentialelementinhighlightingthestones.Theproportionschosendeterminethreephysicalphenomena:internalreflection,diffractionordispersion,andscintillationoffire.Professionalshaveestablishedascaleforevaluationthequalityofcuts.PatekPhilippeusesonlythebest,referredtoas"verygood"and"e*cellent".宝石车工：突出宝石光华的重要工艺。所选择的比例决定三种物理现象——部反射、衍射或散射以闪烁或光荣。专业人士已设立评估车工质量的等级。百达翡丽只会采用最好的——被评为"优良〞和"出色〞的车工。Cuttingtheteeth-切割齿轮AchievingashapebycuttingoutonaComputerisedNumericalControlmachineorbystamping/pressing.这项操作须采用铣刀完成。铣刀可进展两项操作：旋转操作，切割齿轮和小齿轮；以及纵向操作〔沿移动部件的中轴方向〕。机芯Originallysynonymouswithsizeordimensions.Watchmakersthenbegantousethetermtorefertothemovement.PatekPhilippehas15basecalibres.Theyareusedeitherastheyareortoserveasa

base

foradditionaldevelopmentsorfunctions.Therearethus38differentcalibresforwristwatchesand6forpocketwatchesinregularproductionwithintheManufacture.原义是大小或尺寸，后来被制表师引申为机芯。百达翡丽有17种根底机芯，它们既可以作为一般机芯使用，也可以作为"根底〞机芯，在其根底上增添新技术或新功能。因此，在制造商的常规生产中，腕表有38种机芯，而怀表有6种机芯。DateofEaster-复活节日期ComplicationthatdisplaysthedateofEasteraccordingtothisrule:thefirstSundayafterthefullmoonwhichfollowsthespringequino*.ThepatentedmechanismishousedwithintheCalibre89watch.根据以下规则显示复活节日期的复杂功能：春分后满月之后的第一个星期日。Calibre89时计装有这项专利机件。Dauphine-匕首形指针Referstohandswithanelongatedtriangularshape.指长三角形指针。Dial-表盘Platewithametalbase,visiblethroughaglass,whichcarriescertainindicationssuchasthehours,minutesandseconds.OnPatekPhilippewatches,dialsaregenerallyinbrass.Thee*ceptionsarethosethataregoldcoloured,sunburstblueandmodelspavedwithpreciousstones,whicharemadefromsolidgoldplates.Particularcareisdevotedtotheirfinish.Theymaybegalvanised,embossed,guilloché,painted,metallic,opaline-white,gem-setorgenuineenamel.有金属底座的板、透过表镜可见的板面，带有小时、分钟和秒钟的时间刻度。百达翡丽的表盘一般以黄铜制成，例外的有金色、放射状蓝色表盘以及镶有宝石的表盘，全由金制成。表盘的精饰花费大量心思，可能经过电镀、带有压花、带有交织格状饰纹、上过漆、带金属色调、呈乳光色、嵌有宝石或是涂上珐琅等。Diamond-钻石Die-冲模、硬模、模具Steelplaterepresentingthehollowedreproductionofaparttobecutoutorstamped.Thematerialplacedonthedietakestheshapebybeingstruckwithapunch.一种中空的钢板，用于冲切或冲压的部件。将材料放入冲模中，用冲压机压制成所需的形状。Digital-数字显示Inwatchmaking,referstodisplaybymeansofnumberswithnohands.就制表业而言，指使用数字而非指针的方式来显示时间。Disc-盘Flat,thindisccarryingtheindicationswhicharesuccessivelydisplayedthroughanapertureasthediscrotatesunderthedial.带有标记的平薄圆片，当盘在表盘下面转动时，可以通过视窗连续显示上面的标记。Display-显示〔时间〕Stageno.6intheworkingofanywatch:ineitheramechanicalwatchoraquartzwatch,thedisplayisshownbyhandsorthroughapertures,drivenbyageartrain.钟表运作的第6阶段：无论是机械表还是石英表，是依靠指针显示还是视窗显示，均由齿轮系驱动。Divineproportion-神圣比例Amathematicalratioofhomogenoussizesymbolisingtheperfectequilibriumofshapesto(1/1.6181).Alsoknownas"thegoldensection〞,itformsthebasisofthedesignoftheGoldenEllipse.一个均衡尺寸的准确比例，可以使外观看起来到达完美的平衡〔1/1.6181〕。也被称作"黄金分割率〞，它是GoldenEllipse系列设计的根底。Drilling-钻孔Penetrating,passingthrough.Fore*emple,thedrillingofpivot-holes.穿透、穿过。Drillingforstonesetting-为镶嵌宝石钻孔Preparationforgem-settingbyformingtheholesthatwillaccommodatethestones.Thisoperationisamachiningoperation.为宝石镶嵌预打的小孔，可以容纳宝石。这是一道机器加工工序。Dualtimezone-两地时区See"Timezones〞.参见"Timezones-时区〞的解释。E-电子Abbreviationof"Electronic〞inthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"Electronic-电子〞的缩写。Easter-复活节See"DateofEaster".参见"DateofEaster-复活节日期〞的解释。Electrolysis-电解、电解作用Chemicaldecompositionachievedbytheactionofanelectriccurrent.Certainmetalsareelectrolysedinordertoapplythemonothersinfinelayers.通过电流的作用所产生的化学分解。为了能覆盖在其它金属薄层上，*些金属需要进展电解。Embossing-压纹、压花Stampingamotifinmetalwithimprintsembossedusingapress.使用冲压机的凸出印刻在金属上冲压出图案。Emerald-翡翠、纯绿柱石；翡翠式切割、长方形Greencolouredgemstone,avarietyofberyl.Mostwidelyusedgemstonecutforemeralds.绿色宝石，一种绿柱石。切割翡翠的最常用车工。Emerypaper-砂纸、金刚砂纸Abrasivemi*turecoatedonpaper.Emerypaperisusedinparticularforpolishing,smoothingdownandcreatingacircularsatinfinish.涂在纸上的研磨混合剂。砂纸多用于抛光、打磨和制造旋转式打圈磨光效果。Enamel-珐琅Translucentsubstancethattakesonvariouscoloursbyaddingmetallico*ides.Whenfiredinthefurnace,itadherestometalandacquirestheconsistencyofglass.Itmaybeappliedinasinglecolouroncertaindials.Figurativepaintingisalsousedtocreatedecorativemotifs.OnPatekPhilippewatches,thesedecorativemotifsaregenerallycreatedusingtwotechniques:Miniatureenamelpainting:thereproductionofpaintingsinminiature,generallyonthecasesofpocketwatches.Smalltouchesandsuccessivelayersareappliedtoawhiteenamelbaseandsuccessivelyfiredinafurnaceat850°C.Alayeroftransparentenamelisthenappliedtoperfectthiswork.Thisfinishiscalled"flu*".Cloisonnéenamel:thistechnique,generallyusedfortableclocks,consistsofcreatingcavitiesmarkedoutbygoldwires,inwhichtheenamelsareappliedinlayersandsuccessivelyfiredinafurnaceat850°C.一种半透明的物质，可参加不同的金属氧化物而呈现不同的颜色。经过在熔炉中燃烧，可以粘贴在金属上，具有玻璃的一致性。在*些表盘上可能只使用单一的颜色，具象绘画还可作为装饰图案。在百达翡丽钟表中，通常采用两种手法来制作此类装饰图案：搪瓷精绘：制作微型绘画，一般用于怀表表壳。在白色珐琅底座上涂上少量多层珐琅，并用850°C的炉火连续烘烤。然后，涂上一层透明的珐琅润色。这种透明的物质称为"透明珐琅〞。景泰蓝、嵌丝珐琅：这一工艺通常用于台式钟表。用金丝勾勒出凹穴，然后用一层一层的珐琅填充，并用850°C的炉火连续烘烤。Energydistribution-动力发散Inamechanicalwatch,theenergyisdistributedprogressivelybyastep-by-stepescapement,consistingofpalletsandanescapewheelwithaspecialprofile.Inaquartzwatch,theenergyisdistributedbyasteppingmotor.在机械表中，动力由步进式擒纵机构〔由擒纵叉和一个形状特殊的擒纵轮〕逐步发散。在石英表中，动力经步进马达发散。Energyproduction-动力产生Stageno.1intheworkingofanywatch:Inamechanicalwatch,thisimpliesmanualorautomaticwinding.Inaquartzwatch,energyisproducedbyabattery.钟表运作的第1阶段：在机械表中，是用手动或自动上弦。在石英表中，动力由电池产生。Energytransmissionanddivisionoftime-动力传递及时间分割Stageno.3intheworkingofanywatch:inbothmechanicalandquartzwatches,theenergyistransmittedbyageartrainwhichsimultaneouslydividesuptime.Intheformercase,itispoweredbythemainspring;andinthesecond,byasteppingmotor.钟表运作的第3阶段：在机械表和石英表中，齿轮系传递动力的同时分割时间。机械表由主发条驱动，而石英表由步进马达驱动。Engraving-雕刻Decorativetechniqueconsistingofhollowingoutthemattertocreatevariousmotifs,onvariousmetalpartsofthewatche*teriororthemovement.Handengraving:itrequirestheusebythemasterengraver,ofburinsforfinefurrowsandgraversforbroadfurrows.Mechanicalengraving:engravingonacomputerisednumericalcontrolmachinetoindicatetheseriesnumbersandlogosonthebridges,platesandcasebacks.一种装饰技巧，在钟表外部各金属部件或机芯上挖出物料以创作各种图案。手工雕刻：要求主雕刻师用錾刀刻出细条纹，并用雕刻刀刻出粗条纹。机械雕刻：在电脑数值控制机床上进展雕刻，在桥板、主机板和表壳底盖上标示序列号和标识。EQ-天文时差Abbreviationof"Equationoftime"inthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"Equationoftime-天文时差〞的缩写。Equationoftime-天文时差Complicationwhichindicatesthedifferencebetweenconventionaltime(meantime)andthetimedeterminedbythepositionofthesun(realtime).Thisdifferencerangesbetween-16and+14minutes,dependingonthedayoftheyear.显示常规时间〔平均时间〕与太阳位置决定的时间〔实际时间〕之间差异的一项复杂功能。差异围介乎-16至+14分钟之间，取决于具体*一天。Equino*-昼夜平分点、二分点Thedatewhenthedurationofthedayisequaltothatofthenight.Therearetwoequino*esperyearwhichcorrespondtothestartofspringandthatofautumn.白昼与黑夜等长的日子。一年有两个昼夜平分点，分别标志着春季和秋季的开场。Escapement-擒纵机构、擒纵机、摆轮、司行轮Theorganofamechanicalmovementthatenablesdistributionofenergystepbystep(andnotallatonce).Theescapement,composedofawheelwithaspecialshape(curvedteeth)andpallets,maintainstheoscillationsoftheregulatingorgan,thebalanceandspringassembly.机械机芯的机件，帮助动力逐步发散〔而非一次全部发散〕。擒纵机构由一个形状特别〔曲齿〕的齿轮和擒纵叉组成，用于维持调校机构、摆轮和游丝装置的振动。Etoquiau*-凸边Bankingofaleverescapementwhenitiscutoutoftheplateandisnotintheformofpins(solidbanking).ThistermisspecifictoGenevawatchmaking.由机板上切割出瓦式擒纵器时造成的凸边，但与插销不同〔实心凸边〕。这是日瓦制表上的专业用语。E*terior-外部组件Setofe*ternalpartsofawatch:case,dial,hands,glass,crown,strap/bracelet,etc.(tothee*clusionofmovementcomponents).钟表的整套外部组件：表壳、表盘、指针、表镜、表冠/表链等〔不包括机芯零件〕。Faceted-多琢面Havingfacets,suchasongemstones.具有多个琢面，比方宝石的多个琢面。Fancydiamond-彩色钻石Coloureddiamond.有颜色的钻石。Fineworking-表壳精加工、装壳Fineworkingthecase:hand-finishingoperationscomprisingtrimming,solderingthelugs,creating(wherenecessary)hingesforthecoverandpreparingforpolishing.对表壳进展精加工：手工操作，包括修整、焊接表耳、为表盖制造〔如必要〕铰链以及为抛光做准备。Finishing-最后加工Referstotheworkofacompanythatbuyswatchcomponentsfromoutsideandonlyhandlesassembly,adjustment,fittingthehandsandcasingup.OnemustdistinguishbetweenafinishingworkshopasopposedtoaMunufacture.指加工企业的工作，这类企业从外部购置钟表组件，只是负责进展装配、调校、安装指针及装壳。注意最后加工作坊与制造商的区别。Finishingoperations-精加工工序AtPatekPhilippe,thistermencompassesasetoffinishingoperationsperformedbyhandonwatchparts,inkeepingwiththeGenevatradition.Mostofthefinishingoperationswhichcontributehighvalueadded,aremandatorytoobtaintheGenevaSeal.在百达翡丽，该词指遵照日瓦传统，在钟表零件上以手工进展的一套精加工工序。大部份创造高附加价值的精加工工序都是取得"日瓦优质〞印记的必需步骤。Flu*-透明珐琅See"Enamel".参见"珐琅〞的解释。Fold-overclasp-折叠扣Aclaspthatopensbyfoldingover,withoutbeingdetachedfromthetwopartsofthebracelet.不需与表链两段别离，只要拉开折位便可开启的扣子。Fork-叉、叉头、分叉Tipofthepalletswhichalternatelypushestheimpulse-pinplacedunderthebalanceandspringassemblysoastomaintainitsoscillations.擒纵叉的末端，交替推动位于摆轮游丝装置下面的冲击销，以维持振幅。Frequency-频率Numberofoscillationspersecond.Frequencyise*pressedinHertz(Hz).1hertz=1oscillation=2vibrationspersecond.Thefrequencyofthebalanceandspringassemblyofmechanicalwatchesisnohigherthan5Hertz(5oscillations/sec.).Thefrequencyofquartzis32,000Hertz(32,000oscillations/second).每秒钟摆动的次数。频率以赫兹〔Hz〕计量。1赫兹=每秒1次摆动=每秒2次振动。机械表的摆轮游丝装置的频率不高于5赫兹〔5次摆动/秒〕。石英频率为32,000赫兹〔32,000次摆动/秒〕。FUS-时区AbbreviationfortimezoneinthePatekPhilippetypology.在百达翡丽而言是"timezone-时区〞的缩写。Galvanised/Galvanicplating-电镀Techniqueforplatingmetalbyelectrolysis.Fore*ample,thebridgesandplatesareprotectedfromo*idationbyafinelayerofrhodium.通过电解作用镀敷金属的工艺方法。例如，通过电镀一层薄铑来防止桥板和主机板氧化。Gearing-传动装置、齿轮装置、齿轮传动Geartraincomposedofwheelsandtoothedpinions.由齿轮和小齿轮组成的齿轮系。Gear-train-齿轮系、传动机构Setofwheelsdriveninaninterdependentmovement.Thegear-traingenerallycalledthegoingtrainistheonethattransmitsenergyanddividesuptime.Itcomprisesthehourwheel,theminutewheelandthesecondswheel.Variablesetsofwheelresultinreductionandindifferentspeedsofrotation.在机芯受驱动的一套齿轮，通常被称为运转轮系的齿轮系，用于传送动力和分割时间，由时针轮、分针轮和秒针轮组成。不同的齿轮组和可产生减速和变速的效果。匀速齿轮系：维持旋转速度。加速齿轮系：每个齿轮的转速较前者为快。减速齿轮系：每个齿轮的转速较前者为慢。Gemmologist-宝石专家Specialistoffinestonesandpreciousstones,scientificallycalled"gems".研究优质石和珍贵石头〔学名称为"宝石〞〕的专家。Gem-setter-镶石工匠Craftsmanwhosetsfinestonesorpreciousstones.镶嵌优质宝石或珍贵石头的工匠。Gem-setting-宝石镶嵌Adorningwithfinestonesorpreciousstones.Onwatches,thestonesarefittedintotherecesses,whicharesmallholesformedearlierduringthemachiningprocess,andtheyarethenimmobilisedbypushingbackthematerialaroundthem.用优质或珍贵宝石作装饰。在钟表上，这些宝石被嵌入凹槽〔先以机器加工工序形成的{要和谐}〕，然后通过推压其周围的材料将其固定。Genevastripes-日瓦条纹FamouswavelikedecorativepatterncreatedonthebridgesandoscillatingweightsofPatekPhilippewatches.Thetoolrequirediscraftedfrombo*woodbythecraftsmanhimself,coatedinabrasivepasteandthenpressedmanuallyinordertoremoveane*tremelysmallamountofmaterial.百达翡丽钟表的桥板和摆动锤上的著名波浪形装饰图案。所需工具由工匠采用黄木亲手制作，并涂上研磨膏，然后用手按压以去除极少量的材料。Glass-表镜Thintransparentplatethroughwhichonereadsoffthetime,and