2014年6月英语四级考试真题

扫一扫,对答-PartⅠWriting:Directions：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthefollowingquestion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.Supposeaforeignfriendofyoursiscomingtovisityourcampus,whatisthemostinterestingceyouwouldliketotakehim/hertoseeandwhy? PartIIListeningSectionA:Directions：Inthissection，youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD），anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Question1TheycameinfivedifferentTheywereaverygood

TheyweregoodvalueforTheyweresoldoutveryQuestion2AskherroommatenottospeakloudlytheGoandfindaquietercetoreviewher

AskherroommatetomakeherphonecallsReportherproblemtothedormQuestion3ThewashingmachineistotallyWendyshouldgiveprioritytowritingher

HewillhelpWendyprepareherannualThewashingmachineshouldbecheckedQuestion ThemanfelldownwhenremovingtheThewomanlikesthepaintingonthe

ThewallwillbedecoratedwithanewThepaintingisnowbeingQuestion5ItmustbeThemantookittotheQuestion6GotoaBooksome

ItwasleftintheSheceditonthedressingMeetHaveaget-Question7OneboxofbooksisfoundRecementshavetobeQuestion8ThemanwillpickupProfessorJohnsonherProfessorJohnsonhasgiventhemanaveryhighgrade.

SomeoftheboxesarrivedtooSomeofthebooksareThemandidnotexpecthispapertobegradedsosoon.ProfessorJohnsonwilltalktoeachstudentinheroffice.Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.Tobuyapresentforhisfriendwhoisgettingmarried.

TofindoutthecostforacompletesetofToseewhathecouldaskhisfriendstobuyforhim.

Tomakeinquiriesaboutthepriceofanelectriccooker.ToteachhimhowtousetheTolhimhowtopreparedelicious

Todiscusscookingexperienceswith mendsuitablekitchenwaretoTherearesomanydifferentsortsAmixercansavesomuchtimeinmaking

CookingdevicesaresuchpracticalSaucepansandfryingpansareamustinthekitchen.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.SomenewproblemsinherHerchanceforpromotioninthe

CooperationwithaninternationalHerintentiontoleaveherpresentTheWorldAUSfinance

BankofAninvestmentbankinNewSupervisingfinancial

TakingchargeofpublicMakingloanstoprivatecompaniesindevelocountries.Itisafirstmajorsteptorealizingwoman'sItisalossforher

OfferingservicetointernationalcompaniesintheUnitedStates.Itisanhonorforthewomanandherpresentemployer.ItisreallybeyondhisPartIIListeningSectionB:Directions：Inthissection，youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage，youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion，youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageQuestions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.CarryoutathoroughKeepextragasin

TrytokeepthegasFillupthewaterAttemptingtoleaveyourcartoRunningtheengineeverynowandItexhaustsyouItcausesyoutolosebody

OpeningawindowabittoletinfreshKeetheheateronforalongItmakesyoufallasleepItconsumestoomuchPassageQuestions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.TheyareverygenerousingivingTheyregardgiftsasatokenof

TheyrefusegiftswhenngTheygivegiftsonlyonspecialTheyenjoygivinggiftstootherTheyhavetofollowmanyspecific

TheyspendalotoftimechoosingTheypayattentiontothequalityofGift-givingysanimportantrolehumanWemustlearnhowtogivegiftsbeforegoingabroad.

Wemustbeawareofculturaldifferencesingivinggifts.ReadingextensivelymakesoneabetterPassageQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.ItreflectsAmericanpeople'sviewofFrenchpolitics.ItexinsAmericanpoliticstotheFrenchpublic.

ItisfirstpublishedinWashingtonandtheninParis.ItispopularamongFrench Workonher

DohouseworkatEntertainherToreporttoherTovisither

GoshopTorefreshherTomeetherQuestion25ofShemightberecalledtoShemightcloseherMonday

ShemightchangeherShemightbeassignedtoanewPartIIListeningSectionC:Directions：Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime，youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime，youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally，whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime，youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.AccordingtoAmericanlaw，ifsomeoneisaccusedofacrime，heis （27）untilthecourtprovesthe isguilty.Toarrest ，thehavetobereasonablysurethatacrime （28）,Themustgivethethereasonswhytheyarearrestinghimandlhimhisrightsunderthelaw.Thenthetakethetothestation，wherethenameofthe andthe （29）againsthimareformallylisted.Thenextstepisforthetogobeforeajudge.Thejudgedecideswhethertheshouldbekeptinjailor （30）.Ifthehasnopreviouscriminalrecordandthejudgefeelsthathewillreturntocourt （31）runaway,hecango.Otherwise,themustputupbail(保释金）.Atthistime,too,thejudgewill （32）acourtlawyertodefendtheifhecan'taffordone.Thereturnstocourtaweekortwolater.Alawyerfromthedistrictattorney'sofficepresentsacaseagainstthe.Theattorneymaypresent（33）aswellaswitnesses.Thejudgethendecideswhetherthereisenoughreasonto（34）.TheAmericanjusticesystemisverycomplexandsometimesoperatesslowly.However,everystepis （35）toprotecttherightsofthepeople.Theseindividualrightsarethe （36）oftheAmerican PartⅢSectionA:Directions：thissection,thereisapassagewithblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions37to46arebasedonthefollowingGlobalwarmingisatrendtowardwarnerconditionsaroundtheworld.Partofthewarmingisnatural;wehaveexperienceda20,000-year-longwarmingasthelasticeageendedandtheice （37）away.However,wehavealreadyreachedtemperaturesthatarein （38）withotherminimum-iceperiods，sowanningislikelynotnatural.Weare （39）toapredictedworldwideincreasein （40）between1℃and6℃overthenext100years.Thewanningwillbe （41）insomeareas,lessinothers,andsomecesmayevencooloff.Likewise, （42）ofwarmingwillbeverydifferentdependingonwhereyouare—coastalareasmustworryaboutrisingsealevels，whileSiberiaandnorthernCanadamay emorehabitable （43）forhumansthantheseareasarenow.Thefactremains,however,thatitwilllikelygetwarmer,on Scientistsareingeneralagreementthatthewannerconditionswehavebeenexperiencingareatleastinparttheresultofahuman-inducedglobalwanningtrend.Some （45）thatthechangesweareseeingfallwithintherangeofrandom(无规律的）variation—someyearsarecold,otherswarm,andwehavejusthadanunremarkablestringofwarmyears （46）—butthatis inganincreasinglyrareinterpretationinthefaceofandincreasingwarmconditions.A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. A. PartⅢReadingSectionB:Directions：Inthissection，youaregoingtoreadawithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.TheEndoftheA）Amazon,byfarthelargestbooksellerinthecountry,reportedonMay19thatitisnowsellingmorebooksinitselectronicKindleformatthanintheoldpaper-and-inkformat.Thatisremarkable,consideringthattheKindlehasonlybeenaroundforfouryears.E-booksnowaccountfor14percentofallbooksalesinthiscountryandareincreasingfarfasterthanoverallbooksales.E-booksalesareup146percentoverlastyear,whilehardbacksalesincreased6percentandpaperbacksdecreased8percent.B）Doesthisspellthedoomofthephysicalbook?Certainlynotimmediay,andperhapsnotatall.WhatitdoesmeanisthatthebookbusinesswillgothroughatransformationinthenextdecadeorsomoreprofoundthananyithasseensinceGutenbergintroducedprintingfrommoveabletypeinthe1450s.Physicalbookswillsurely emuchrarerinthemarketce.Massmarketpaperbacks,whichhavebeendecliningforyearsanyway,willprobablydisappear,aswillhardbacksformysteries,thrillers,"romancefiction,"etc.Suchbooks,whichonlyrarelyendupinpermanentcollections,eitherprivateorpublic，willprobablyonlybeavailablease-bookswithinafewyears.Hardbackandtradepaperbacksfor"serious"nonfictionandfictionwillsurelylastlonger.Perhapsitwill ethemarkofanauthortoreckonwiththatheorsheisstillpublishedinhardcopy.Asforchildren'sbooks,whoknows?Children'sbooksarelikedogfoodinthatpurchasersarenottheconsumers,sothemarket（andthemarketing）isinherentlyForcluestothebook'sfuture,let'slookatsomeexamplesoftechnologicalchangeandseewhathappenedtotheoldtechnology.Onetechnologyrecesanotheronlybecausethenewtechnologyisbetter,cheaper,orboth.Thegreaterthedifference,thesoonerandmorethoroughlythenewtechnologyrecestheold.Printingwithmoveabletypeonpaperdramaticallyreducedthecostofproducingabookcomparedwiththeold-fashionedoneshandwrittenonvellum，whichcomesfromsheepskin.ABible—tobesure，alongbook—requiredvellummadefrom300sheepskinsandcountlessman-hoursoflabor.Beforeprintingarrived,aBiblecostmorethanamiddle-classhouse.Therewereperhaps50,000booksinallofEuropein1450.By1500therewere10million.Butwhileprintingquicklycausedthehandwrittenbooktodieout,handwritinglingeredon（继续存在）wellintothe16thcentury.Veryspecialbooksarestilloccasionallyproducedonvellum,buttheyareone-of-a-kindshowpieces.Sometimesanewtechnologydoesn'tdrivetheoldoneout,butonlypartsofitwhileforcingtheresttoevolve.Themovieswerewidelypredictedtodrivelivetheateroutofthemarketce，buttheydidn't，becausetheaterturnedouttohavequalitiesmoviescouldnotreproduce.Equally,TVwassupposedtorecemoviesbut，again，didMoviesdid,however,fatallyimpactsomepartsoflivetheater.AndwhileTVkillmovies,itdidkillsecond-ratepictures，shorts，andNordidTVkillradio.Comedyanddramashows（"JackBenny,""AmosandAndy,""TheShadow"）allmigratedtoevision.Butbecauseyoucan'tdriveacarandwatchevisionatthesametime,rushhourbecameradio'sprimetime,whilemusic,talk,andnewsradiogreatlyenlargedtheiraudiences.Radioistodayaverydifferentbusinessthaninthelate1940sandamuchlargerone.Sometimesoldtechnologylingersforcenturiesbecauseofitssymbolicpower.Mountedcavalry（骑兵）recedthechariot（二轮战车）onthebattlefieldaround1000BC.ButchariotsmaintainedtheirceinparadesandtriumphsrightupuntiltheendoftheRomanEmpire1,500yearslater.Theswordhasn'thadamilitaryfunctionforahundredyears,butisstillpartofanofficer’sfull-dressuniform，preciselybecauseaswordalwayssymbolized"anofficerandagentleman."Sometimesnewtechnologyisalittlecranky（不稳定的）atfirst.evisionrepairmanwasacommonoccupationinthe1950s,forinstance.Andsotheoldtechnologyremainsasabackup.shipscapturedtheNorthAtlanticpassengerbusinessfromsailinthe1840sbecauseofitsmuchgreaterspeed.Butshipsdidn'tlosetheirsailsuntilthe1880s，becauseearlymarineengineshadanastyhabitofbreakingdown.Untilshipsbecamelargeenough（andenginessmallenough）tomounttwoenginessidebyside，theyneededtokeepsails.（Thehighcostofandthelesserneedforspeedkeptthemajorityoftheworld’soceanfreightmovingbysailuntiltheearlyyearsofthe20thThenthereisthefirece.Centralheatingwaspresentineveryupper-andmiddle-classhomebythesecondhalfofthe19thcentury.Butfunctioningfirecesremaintothisdayapowerfulsellingpointinahouseorapartment.Ithereasonisadeep-rootedloveoffire.Firewasoneoftheearliestmajortechnologicaladvancesforhumankind,providingheat,protection,andcookedfood（whichismucheasiertoeatanddigest）.Humancontroloffiregoesbackfarenough（overamillionyears）thatevolutioncouldhaveproducedageneticleaningtowardsfireasacentralaspectofhumanlife.Books—especiallybookstheaverage couldafford—haven'tbeenaroundlongenoughtoproduceevolutionarychangeinhumans.Buttheyhaveapowerfulholdonmanypeoplenonetheless，aholdextendingfarbeyondtheirli rycontent.Attheirbest，theyareworksofartandthereisatactile（触觉的）pleasureinbooksnecessarilylostine-bookversions.Theabilitytoquicklythumbthroughpagesisalsolost.Andaroomwithbooksinitinduces，atleastinsome，afeelingnotdissimilartothatofafireinthefireceonacoldwinter’snight.ForthesereasonsIthinkphysicalbookswillhavealongerexistenceasacommercialproductthansomecurrentlypredict.Likeswords,bookshavesymbolicpower.Likefireces,theyinduceasenseofcomfortandwarmth.And，perhaps，similartosails，theymakeausefulbackupforwhenthelightsgoout.Authorsstillpublishedinprintedversionswillbeconsideredimportantones. Somepeoplearestillinfavorofprintedbooksbecauseofthesenseoftouchtheycanprovide. Theradiobusinesshaschangedgreatlyandnowattractsmorelisteners. Contrarytomanypeople'spredictionofitsdeath,thefilmindustrysurvived. Remarkablechangeshavetakenceinthebookbusiness. Oldtechnologysometimescontinuestoexistbecauseofits Theincreaseofe-booksaleswillthebookbusinesstomakechangesnotseenforcenturies. Anewtechnologyisunlikelytotaketheceofanoldonewithoutaclear Paperbacksofpopularliturearemorelikelytoberecedbye-books. Ahousewithafirecehasastrongerappealtobuyers. PartⅢReadingSectionC:Directions：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingThequestionofwhetherour ernmentshouldpromotescienceandtechnologyortheliberalartsinhighereducationisn'taneither/orproposition（命题），althoughthecurrentemphasisonpreparingyoungAmericansforSTEM（science,technology,engineering,maths）-relatedfieldscanmakeitseemthatway.Thelatestcongressionalreportacknowledgesthecriticalimportanceoftechnicaltraining，butalsoassertsthatthestudyofthehumanities（人文学科）andsocialsciencesmustremaincentralcomponentsofAmerica'seducationalsystematalllevels.Bothareasarecriticaltoproducingcitizenswhocanparticipateeffectivelyinourdemocraticsociety, einnovative（创新的）leaders,andbenefitfromthespiritualenrientthatthereflectiononthegreatideasofmankindovertimeprovides.Parentsandstudentswhohaveinvestedheavilyinhighereducationworryaboutgraduates'jobprospectsastechnologicaladvancesandchangesindomesticandglobalmarketstransformprofessionsinwaysthatreducewagesandcutjobs.Underthesecircumstances，it'snaturaltolookforwhatmayappeartobethemost"practical"wayoutoftheproblem:"Majorinasubjectdesignedtogetyouajob"seemstheobviousanswertosome,thoughthisignoresthefactthatmanydisciplinesinthehumanitiescharacterizedas"soft"often,infact,leadtoemploymentandsuccessinthelongrun.Indeed，accordingtosurveys，employershaveexpressedapreferenceforstudentswhohavereceivedabroadly-basededucationthathastaughtthemtowritewell,thinkcritically,researchcreatively,andcommunicateeasily.Moreover，studentsshouldbepreparednotjustfortheirfirstjob，butfortheir4thand5thjobs，asthere'slittlereasontodoubtthatpeopleenteringtheworktodaywillbecalledupontoymanydifferentrolesoverthecourseoftheircareers.Theoneswhowilldothebestinthisnewenvironmentwillbethosewhoseeducationshavepreparedthemtobeflexible.Theabilitytodrawuponeveryavailabletoolandinsight—pickedupfromscience，arts，andtechnology—tosolvetheproblemsofthefuture，andtakeadvantageoftheopportunitiesthatpresentthemselves，willbehelpfultothemandtheUnitedStates.Whatdoesthelatestcongressionalreport<p>STEM-relatedsubjectshelpstudentsfindjobsintheinformationC.<p>Theliberalartsinhigherhelpenrichstudents’spiritual

<p>ThehumanitiesandSTEMsubjectsshouldbegivenequalimportance.</p>D.<p>Highereducationshouldbeadjustedtothepracticalneedsofsociety.</p>Whatisthemainconcernofstudentswhentheychoosea<p>TheirinterestinrelevantC.<p>Thequalityofeducationto

<p>TheacademicvalueoftheD.<p>TheirchancesofgettingagoodWhatdoestheauthorsayabouttheso-calledsoft<p>TheybenefitstudentsintheirfutureC.<p>Theyimprovestudents，communication

<p>Theybroadenstudents，rangeofD.<p>Theyareessentialtostudents，healthygrowth.</p>Whatkindofjobapplicantsdoemployerslook<p>ThosewhohaveastrongsenseofC.<p>Thosewhoarelikelyto innovativeleaders.</p>

<p>Thosewhoaregoodatsolvingpracticalproblems.</p>D.<p>Thosewhohavereceivedawell-roundededucation.</p>Whatadvicedoestheauthorgivetocollege<p>SeizeopportunitiestotaptheirC.<p>Preparethemselvesfordifferent

<p>Trytotakeavarietyofpracticalcourses.&;</p>D.<p>Adoptaflexibleapproachtosolvingproblems.</p>PassageQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingEnergyindependence.Ithasaniceringtoit,doesn'tit?Ifyouthinkso,you'renotalone,becauseenergyindependencehasbeenthedreamofAmericansfordecades,andnevermoresothaninthepastfewyears，whenthemostrecentoilpriceshockhasbeenpartlyresponsibleforkickingoffthegreatrecession."Energyindependence"anditsrhetorical（修辞的）companion"energysecurity"are,however,slipperyconceptsthatarerarelythoughtthrough.Whatisitwewantindependencefrom，Mostpeoplewouldprobablysaythattheywanttobeindependentfromimportedoil.Buttherearereasonsthatwebuyallthatoilfromelsewhere.Thefirstreasonisthatweneedittokeepoureconomyrunning.Yes,thereis21trickle（涓涓细流）ofbiofuel（生物）available,andmoremay eavailable,butmostbiofuelscauseeconomicwasteandenvironmentaldestruction.Second，Americanshavebasicallydecidedthattheydon’treallywanttoproducealltheirownoil.Theyvaluetheenvironmentalqualityt