Unit4+Listening+and+Speaking+ Reading+and+Thinking+Language+points课件【 核心知识备课精研精讲】 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

Unit4NaturalDisastersListeningandSpeaking&ReadingandThinking—LanguagePoints

Ⅰ.根据语境及汉语提示写出正确的单词或短语

Step1Prepareforthelesson（1）natural_________(灾害)（2）_________(干旱)region（3）______(滑下)down（4）______(涌入)in（5）volcanic_________(喷发)（6）_________(救援)workers（7）do_________(损害)to（8）__________(破坏)theenvironment（9）___________(疏散)thetrapped（10）sentencesb.to_____(死亡)disastersdroughtslideflooderuptionrescuedamagedestroy

evacuatedeath（11）______(影响)one’slife（12）_______(庇护)thehomeless（13）in______(废墟)（14）100_________(百分比)（15）a______(砖)wall（16）______(金属)

processing（17）culture________(震动，冲击)（18）_______(电的)vehicle（19）arat_______(陷阱)（20）be________(埋葬；沉迷于)inaffectshelterruins

percentbrickmetalshockelectrictrapburied（21）_______(呼吸)in/out（22）______(复活)economy（23）makeevery______(努力)to（24）_____(统一)differences（25）a_____(英明的)leader（26）inthis________(上下文)（27）______(遭受)frombreathereviveeffortunifywisecontextsufferⅡ.选词填空asif,inruins,inshock,betrappedin,beburiedin,makeefforts,breathein,sufferfro,…percentof…,cometoanend,（1）Thebuildinglay________afterthebigfire.（2）Theboy______________theflood.Pleasecall119atonce.（3）Takeadeepbreathandyouwill__________freshair.（4）Over55___________thevillagershaveleftthevillage.（5）Hestaredatme_______hewasjudgingmysoul.（6）Wemust____________tosavethefamousscientist.（7）Howtimeflies!Theyearhas_____________.（8）Newton____________thoughtanddidn’tnoticewhathadhappened.（9）Shewidenedhereyes,lookingattheanimal_________.（10）Jack_________________seriousheadacheandcouldn’tattendtoschool.inruinswastrappedinbreatheinpercentofasifmakeeffortscometoanendwasburiedininshockwassufferingfromStep2WarmingUp—Haveadictationaboutwordsandexpressions.Step3Learnsomeimportantlanguagepointsbythewayofexplaining,studyingandpractising.1.rescuen.&vt.营救；救援Thelifeboatwassentouttorescuethesailorsfromthesinkingship.派出了救生艇去营救沉船上的船员。Hewenttotherescueofadrowningchildregardlessofhispersonalsafety.他为了抢救落水儿童，把个人安危置之度外。KeyWordsandExpressionsrescueworkers救援工人rescueoperation救援行动rescuevehicle救援车辆rescuemission救援任务rescuesb.救人gotoone'srescue去救某人cometoone'srescue来救某人perform/makearescue进行营救【即学活用】（1）语法填空①Ididn‘tbecomeaseriousclimberuntilthefifthgrade,whenIwentupto________(救援)akitethatwasstuckinthebranchesofatree.②Lotsof_____________(救援人员)wereworkingaroundtheclock,sendingsuppliestoYushu,QinghaiProvinceaftertheearthquake.③Itwaswiththehelpofthelocalguidethatthemountainclimberwasr_______.（2）翻译：坚持一会儿，我会去救你。_____________________________________.rescuerescueworkersescuedHoldonamomentandIwillgotoyourrescue2.damagevt.损害；破坏n.损坏；损失Theaccidentcausedsomedamagetomycar,butit’snothingserious.我的车在事故中受损，但没什么大不了的。Onceenvironmentaldamageisdone,ittakesmanyyearsfortheecosystem（生态系统）torecover.一旦生态系统的破坏已经形成，生态系统需要许多年才能恢复。Iftheheavyrainlastedtoolong,itcoulddamagethehouse.如果大雨持续太长，会损毁房子的。Theoldmachinehasbeendamagedbeyondrepair. 这台旧机器已经毁掉，没法维修了。【即学活用】①Theretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschool___________bytheearthquakeinYushu,enablingthestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.②Toomuchsunlightwillburnalltheflowers,_________theroses.③Whenthefruitsareeaten,theseedsinsidethemgo___________(不受破坏的)throughanimals’stomachs.用damage的正确形式填空。damagingdamagedundamaged3.survivevi.生存；存活vt.

幸存；艰难度过NicholasmightnothavesurvivedthissnowstormhaditnotbeenforTV.如果不是那个电视节目，尼古拉斯或许就不会在暴风雪中活下来了。Shesurvivedbecauseofaplentifulsupplyoffreshwater.因为有足够的淡水可以饮用，她活了下来。Determiningwhereweareinrelationtooursurroundingsremainsanessentialskillforoursurvival.根据周围环境确定我们的位置仍然是我们生存的基本技能。Wehaveeveryreasontobeconcernedaboutthehealthofsurvivors.我们有充分的理由对幸存者的健康表示关切。【即学活用】①Dogshaveaverygoodsenseofsmellandareoftenusedtosearchfor_________inanearthquake.②Competitioncanalsoteachushowto________inafast-pacedandstressfulworld.③TheCaliforniacondors’average_______timeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.④Thedoghadinitiallybeenknockedunconscious(失去知觉的)buthad_________bydrinkingwaterfromafreshstreamatthebaseofthecliff.用survive的正确形式填空。survivorssurvivesurvivalsurvived4.affectvt.影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动；使感染（疾病）Technologicalchangeiseverywhereandaffectseveryaspectoflife.科技发展无处不在，影响生活的方方面面。Lightfromstreetlampsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclocks.来自街灯和家庭的灯光影响着鸟类的生物钟。Whatcountrieshavebeenmost

affected

by

covid-19？哪些国家新冠肺炎感染最厉害？effectn.影响，效果，作用effectiveadj.有效的，生效的effectiveadv.有效地，生效地haveeffecton对……有影响=haveinfluence/impactonWhileonlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.尽管网络购物改变了我们的生活，但并非只有积极影响。Thechangesinourpopulationwillhavelastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响。It’stimethecentralgovernmenttotakesomeeffectivemeasurestobringhousepricesundercontrol.

中央政府是时候采取有效措施去控制房价了。Ordinarysoap,usedcorrectly,candealwithbacteriaeffectively.普通肥皂，如果使用正确的话，可以有效地去除细菌。【即学活用】①We______deeply__________herdeath.她的去世对我们的影响很大。②Oneofthe_________waystobuildvocabularyistoreadgoodbooks.③Familyenvironment___________theshapingofchildren’scharacters.④Regardlessofyourchoiceofcourse,you’lldevelopyourlanguageabilitybothquicklyand_________.⑤Neglectingpersonalhygiene(卫生)isacommonside_______ofdepression.用affect的正确形式填空。wereaffectedbyeffectivehasaneffectoneffectivelybeaffectedby被……影响引申：sideeffect副作用effect5.asif似乎；好像；仿佛（=asthough)asif意为“仿佛；好像”，可以引导表语从句，也可以引导方式状语从句。①asif引导表语从句，主句中的系动词常用look，appear，seem，sound等。Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasif/asthoughit’sgoingtorain.乌云密布，看起来好像要下雨了。Itseemsasifourteamisgoingtowin．看来我们队要胜了。②asif/asthough引导方式状语从句。Irememberthewholethingasifithappenedyesterday.我记得整件事情，就好像它发生在昨天一样。Hebehavedasifnothinghadhappened.他表现得若无其事。1.asif还可用于省略句中如果asif引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。

Heactsasif（hewas）afool．他做事像个傻子。

Shelefttheroomhurriedlyasif（shewas）angry．她匆忙离开房间好像生气的样子。2.asif从句用虚拟语气：当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的、不可能发生时Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas．他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore．他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsaysomething．他张开嘴好像要说什么。1.Hemessedtheprojectup,buthebehaved_____nothinghadhappened.2.ItwasJohnwhobrokethewindow.WhyareyoutalkingtomeasifI__________(do)it.

3.Itseemsasifthey__________(care)aboutHenry’sfeelings.4.YoucanbrushwiththeKolibreeasif_______(guide)byadentist.5.汤姆举起手好像要说什么。Tomraisedhishandsasif____________________(say)something．【即学活用】asifhaddonedidn’tcareguided（hewasgoing）tosay6.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.单个的现在分词作定语，常放在被修饰词之前。arunningboyanembarrassingposition现在分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词之后，基本上相当于一个定语从句。Theybuiltahighwayleadingintothemountains.=Theybuiltahighwaywhichleadsintothemountains.他们修建了一条通往山里的公路。Wemetagroupofpupilsreturningfromschool.=Wemetagroupofpupilswho/thatreturnedfromschool.我们碰到了一群从学校回来的孩子。注意：某些现在分词作定语时，已不再表示动作，变成了形容词词性。如：interesting,exciting,shocking,embarrassing,puzzling等。这时，现在分词短语就不能转化为定语从句。aninterestingbook一本有趣的书ashockingfact一个令人震惊的事实thepuzzlingsituaton令人困惑的情形【即学活用】①Thereisanotepinnedtothedoor________(say)whenthesopwillopenagain.②Lastnight,thereweremillionsofpeople________(watch)thepartyliveonTV.③Attheageof29,Davewasaworker,_____inasmallapartmentnearBostonand______whattodoabouthisfuture.A.living;wondering B.lived;wonderingC.lived;wondered D.living;wonderedsayingwatching√④Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket_____thedesert.A.covering

B.covered

C.cover

D.tocover⑤Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosed D.toopenandclose√√7.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,and…现在分词lookingforplacestohide作伴随状语。现在分词短语作时间状语：Comingbacktohishome,hefoundeverythinghadchanged.回到家中，他发现一切都变了样。现在分词短语作原因状语：Beingill,hedidn’tgotoworkyesterday.昨天，由于生病了，他没有去上班。注意：现在分词作状语时，表示