新题型四级匹配练习题题

大学英语四级改革阅读了解新题型——匹配题（适合12月）练习1PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionB(原快速阅读了解调整为长篇阅读了解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含信息出自篇章某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配段落。)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Caringforelderlyparentscatchesmanyunprepared[A]LastJuly,JulieBaldocchi，smotherhadamassivestrokeandwasparalyzed.Baldocchisuddenlyhadtobecomeafamilycaregiver,somethingthatshewasn"tpreparedfor.“Iwasflyingbytheseatofmypants,”saysBaldocchi,anemploymentspecialistinSanFrancisco.Bothofherparentsare83,andsheknewherfathercouldn’thandlehermother’scare.Thehospitalrecommendedputtinghermotherinanursinghome.Baldocchiwasn’twillingtodothat.Butmovingherbackintoherparents’homecreatedotherproblems.Baldocchi,48,ismarriedandlivesaboutamileawayfromherparents.Shehasafull-timejobandhasbackproblemsthatmakeitdifficultforhertolifthermother.“Icouldn’tdoitall,”shesays.“ButIdidn’tevenknowhowtofindhelp.”[B]WithhelpfromtheFamilyCaregiverAlliance,sheeventuallyhiredalive-incaregiver.“Butevenifyouplanintellectuallyandlegally,you’reneverreadyfortheemotionalimpact,”Baldocchisays.Inthefirsttwomonthsafterhermother’sstroke,shelostabout30poundsasstressmounted.Morethan42millionAmericansprovidefamilycaregivingforanadultwhoneedshelpwithdailyactivities,accordingtoasurveybytheAARP.Anadditional61.6millionprovidedatleastsomecareduringtheyear.Andmanyareunprepared.[C]Whilemanyparentslackanadvancecaredirective,it’sthemostbasicandimportantsteptheycantake.Thedirectiveincludesseveralparts,including:adurablepowerofattorney,whichgivessomeonelegalauthoritytomakefinancialdecisionsonanother’sbehalf;ahealthcareproxy,whichissimilartothepowerofattorney,exceptitallowssomeonetomakedecisionsregardingmedicaltreatment;andalivingwillthatoutlinesinstructionsforend-of-lifecare.(Forexample,parentscansayiftheywanttobekeptalivebyartificialmeasures.)“It’sinvaluableforthekids,becauseit’shardtomakethosedecisionsforaparent,”saysJenniferCona,anelder-lawattorneyatGenserDubowGenser&ConainMelville,N.Y.Anadvancecaredirectiveisthefirstlineofdefenseifasituationarises,saysKathleenKelly,executivedirectoroftheFamilyCaregiverAlliance,whichsupportsandeducatescaregivers.Withoutanadvancedirective,thefamilywillhavetopetitionthecourttobeappointedtheparent’slegalguardian,saysAgingC.[D]It’simportantforfamiliestotalkaboutlong-termcaresotheadultchildrenknowtheirparents，preferences,wishesandgoals,saysLynnFeinberg,acaregivingexpertatAARP.Butit’snotaneasyconversation.Elderlyparentsaresometimessuspiciousoftheirchildren’sfinancialmotives,saysSusanJohn,afinancialplanneratFinancialFocusinWolfeboro,N.H.OneclientaskedJohntoholdafamilymeetingbecausetheyneededanintermediarytotalkaboutfinancialissues,shesays.Andwhentherearemanysiblings,thefamilydecisionscanbecomeathree-ringcircuswithmuchacrimony,saysAnn-MargaretCarrozza,anelder-lawattorneyinGlenCove,N.Y.Familieswhoneedinformationandhelpsortingoutdisagreementscancallonelder-lawattorneys,financialplanners,geriatriccaremanagersandcaregiversupportgroups.InFebruary,AARPsaiditwillofferitsmembersanewcaregivingsupportservicethroughfinancialservicesfirmGenworth.[E]Manyfamiliesareunpreparedforquickdecisions,especiallywhentheyfindoutthatMedicaredoesn’tpayforlong-termcare,Feinbergsays.Themediancostofayearinaprivateroomatanursinghomeinwas$77,745,accordingtoGenworth.AndonlythosewhohavespentmostoftheirassetscanqualifyforMedicaidtopayforthenursinghome.[F]Assistedlivingisanotheroption.Residentscanhavetheirownapartmenttomaintainsomeindependence.Butthefacilitiesgenerallyprovidepersonalcareservices,suchasmeals,housekeepingandassistancewithactivities.Still,it’snotcheap:Thenationalmediancostinwas$39,135,accordingtoGenworth.Assistedlivingisn’tcoveredbyMedicaid.[G]Iftheyhaveachoice,atleast90%ofelderlyparentsprefertostayathomeaslongastheycan,accordingtoAARPresearch.Butiftheparentscannolongersafelyliveathome,itcanbehardforchildrentomovethemintoanadultcarefacility.Theremaybeanotheroption.Sometimesthehomecanbemodifiedsoaparentcanstaythere.Forexample,Baldocchiputinachairliftforhermother.Shealsoarrangedforahomecaregiver.[H]Familycaregiverstakeovermanyresponsibilities.Onemightmanageaparent’sfinances,whileanothersiblingwilltaketheparenttodoctors"appointmentsandshopping.Thosewhomoveinwithaparenttakeonasignificantandsustainedburdenofcare.JanWalkermovedintohermother’shomeinLeesburg,Fla.Afterhermother,whois83,hadfallen,shewasn’tabletogetaroundaswell.Walker,55,hasthreebrothers.Butsheistheonlydaughter,isdivorcedandhasnochildren.“IalwaysknewthatthiswastherolethatIwouldhave,andIguessmymindwaspreparedforit,”saysWalker,whonowisafull-timecaregiverandworksfromhomeasatutorialinstructorforadigitalscrapbookingwebsite.“Whenyougetintothetrenches,it’sliterallybaptismbyfire,”shesays.“Newthingscomeup.It’snotjustaboutadvanceplanningforfinancesormedicalcare.It’severything,”shesays.[I]Caregiversneedtoalsowatchtheirownhealth.“Thereissuchathingascaregiverburnout,”Conasays.Amongfemalecaregivers50andolder,20%reportedsymptomsofdepression,accordingtoastudyonworkingcaregiversbyMetLife.“It’sahardjob,”Walkersays.“Butmostworthwhilethingsarehard.ShewasalwaysthereformewhenIneededahelpinghand.It’sonlynaturalthatIbehereforhernow.”46.Whenelderlyparentscannotliveathomesafely,theirchildrencanchangetheirhomeinsteadofsendingthemtoanadultcarefacility.47.Totalkaboutlong-termcareisnoteasybecausesometimesagedparentsaresuspiciousoftheirchildren’sfinancialmotives.48.Besidesadvanceplanningforfinancesormedicalcare,familycaregiverstakeovermanyotherresponsibilities.49.Thedifferencebetweenadurablepowerofattorneyandahealthcareproxyisthatthelatterallowssomeonetomakedecisionsregardingmedicaltreatment.350.Baldocchididnotwanttosendhermothertoanursinghome,butshehaddifficultytakingcareofher.51.Over42millioncaregivershelpedanadultwitheverydayactivitiesintheUSAin.52.Ifafamilyneedsinformationorhelptosortoutdisagreements,therearemanypeopletheycancallon.53.Caregiversshouldpayattentiontotheirownhealth,ortheymayburnoutorbecomedepressed.54.Onewillhavetopetitionthecourttobetheparent’slegalguardian,ifthereisnoadvancedirective.55.Thenationalmediancostofassistedlivinginwas$39,135anditisnotcoveredbyMedicaid.SectionB46.[G]。题干意为，当上了年纪父母住在家里不安全时，他们孩子能够改变他们家，而不是将他们送到成人看护中心去。注意抓住题干中关键词liveathomesafely和adultcarefacility。文章段落中，[G]段提到了上了年纪父母住在家里不安全和成人看护中心内容，该段第二至四句提到，假如上了年纪父母住在家里不再安全，对于孩子来说将他们送到成人看护中心也极难，不过有另外一个选择——能够改变他们家以适合他们在那里度过晚年。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[G]。47.[D]。题干意为，谈论长久护理问题并不轻易，因为有时老年人会怀疑自己孩子有金钱方面动机。注意抓住题干中关键词talkaboutlong-termcare、suspiciousof和financialmotives。文章段落中，[D]段提到了谈论长久护理和老年人会怀疑自己孩子内容，该段前三句指出，家庭组员谈论长久护理问题是很主要，这么才能了解父母喜好和意愿等，不过这并不轻易，有时候父母会怀疑儿女有金钱方面动机。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[D]。48.[H]。题干意为，除了提前进行资金和医疗方面规划，家庭护理人员还有其余许多责任。注意抓住题干中关键词planningforfinancesormedicalcare和manyotherresponsibilities。文章段落中，[H]段首先就提到了家庭护理人员要负担许多责任，该4段最终指出，家庭护理不但仅要提前做好资金和医疗规划，一切问题都要考虑到。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[H]。49.[C]。题干意为，永久授权书和医疗保健代理委托书区分在于，后者允许某人做出关于医疗方面决定。注意抓住题干中关键词adurablepowerofattorney和ahealthcareproxy。文章段落中，只有[C]段提到了这两个专有名词，该段第二句指出，护理指示应该包含adurablepowerofattorney、ahealthcareproxy和alivingwill。在介绍healthcareproxy时提到，它与durablepowerofattorney相同，只是它允许某人做出关于医?疗方面决定。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[C]。50.[A]。题干意为，Baldocchi不想将母亲送到疗养院，不过她又极难照料她。注意抓住题干中关键词Baldocchi和nursinghome。文章段落中，有几段都提到了Baldocchi,不过提到她不想将母亲送往疗养院但自己照料母亲又有困难只有[A]段。题干内容是对原文第一段总结，故答案为[A]。51.[B]。题干意为，，美国有超出4200万护理人员帮忙照料成年人日常生活。题干中关键词为Over42millioncaregivers和helpanadultwitheverydayactivities。文章段落中，[B]段倒数第三句提到了Morethan42millionAmericansprovidefamilycaregivingforanadultwhoneedshelpwithdailyactivities,其中Morethan42million和dailyactivities分别与题干中Over42million和everydayactivities为同义交换。故答案为[B]。52.[D]。题干意为，假如一个家庭需要处理纠纷信息或帮助，他们能够向很多人求援。注意抓住题干中关键词sortoutdisagreements和callon。文章段落中，[D]段倒数第二句提到，假如一些家庭需要处理纠纷信息或者帮助，他们能够向老年法律师、金融规划师、老年人护理经理和护理人员组织求援。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[D]。53.[I]。题干意为，家庭护理人员应该注意自己身体健康，不然他们可能会累垮或者变得心情抑郁。注意抓住题干中关键词theirownhealth、burnout和depressed。文章段落中，提到要护理人员注意自己身体是[I]段，该段前三句指出，家庭护理人员也要注意自己身体，有时候护理者可能会累垮。对年纪在50岁及以上女性护理人员调查显示，有20%人称自己有抑郁症状。由此可知，题干是对原文这三句话同义转述，故答案为[I]。题干中payattentiontotheirownhealth和原文中watchtheirownhealth对应。54.[C]。题干意为，假如没有提前准备一份护理说明，那么想成为父母正当监护人需要向法庭申请。注意抓住题干中关键词petitionthecourt、parent’slegal5guardian和noadvancedirective。本题比较简单，这几个关键词均在文章[C]段中直接出现，该段最终一句提到，Withoutanadvancedirective,thefamilywillhavetopetitionthecourttobeappointedtheparent’slegalguardian。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[C]。55.[F]。题干意为，，全国生活帮助平均花费为39，135美元，而且这项花费也不在医疗补助计划范围之内。注意抓住题干中关键词、$39，135和Medicaid。本题也比较轻易，扫读全文，能够发觉在[F]段出现了和$39，135这两个关键词，而且后面也提到生活帮助并不包含在医疗补助计划之内。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[F]。练习2PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionB(原快速阅读了解调整为长篇阅读了解，篇章长度和难度不变。篇章后附有10个句子，每句一题。每句所含信息出自篇章某一段落，要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配段落。有段落可能对应两题，有段落可能不对应任何一题。)Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.BeautyandBodyImageintheMedia[A]Imagesoffemalebodiesareeverywhere.Women—andtheirbodyparts—selleverythingfromfoodtocars.Popularfilmandtelevisionactressesarebecomingyounger,tallerandthinner.Somehaveevenbeenknowntofaintonthesetfromlackoffood.Women’smagazinesarefullofarticlesurgingthatiftheycanjustlosethoselasttwentypounds,they’llhaveitall—theperfectmarriage,lovingchildren,greatsex,andarewardingcareer.[B]Whyarestandardsofbeautybeingimposedonwomen,themajorityofwhomarenaturallylargerandmorematurethananyofthemodels?Theroots,someanalystssay,areeconomic.Bypresentinganidealdifficulttoachieveandmaintain,thecosmeticanddietproductindustriesareassuredofgrowthandprofits.Andit’s6noaccidentthatyouthisincreasinglypromoted,alongwiththinness,asanessentialcriterionofbeauty.Ifnotallwomenneedtoloseweight,forsurethey’reallaging,saystheQuebecActionNetworkforWomen’sHealthinitsreport.And,accordingtotheindustry,ageisadisasterthatneedstobedealtwith.[C]Thestakesarehuge.Ontheonehand,womenwhoareinsecureabouttheirbodiesaremorelikelytobuybeautyproducts,newclothes,anddietaids.Itisestimatedthatthedietindustryaloneisworthanywherebetween40to100billion(U.S.)ayearsellingtemporaryweightloss(90%to95%ofdietersregainthelostweight).Ontheotherhand,researchindicatesthatexposuretoimagesofthin,young,air-brushedfemalebodiesislinkedtodepression,lossofself-esteemandthedevelopmentofunhealthyeatinghabitsinwomenandgirls.[D]TheAmericanresearchgroupAnorexiaNervosa&RelatedEatingDisorders,Inc.saysthatoneoutofeveryfourcollege-agedwomenusesunhealthymethodsofweightcontrol—includingfasting,skippingmeals,excessiveexercise,laxative(泻药)abuse,andself-inducedvomiting.Thepressuretobethinisalsoaffectingyounggirls:theCanadianWomen’sHealthNetworkwarnsthatweightcontrolmeasuresarenowbeingtakenbygirlsasyoungas5and6.Americanstatisticsaresimilar.Severalstudies,suchasoneconductedbyMarikaTiggemannandLevinaClarkintitled“AppearanceCulturein9-to12-Year-OldGirls:MediaandPeerInfluencesonBodyDissatisfaction,”indicatethatnearlyhalfofallpreadolescentgirlswishtobethinner,andasaresulthaveengagedinadietorareawareoftheconceptofdieting.In,Teenmagazinereportedthat35percentofgirls6to12yearsoldhavebeenonatleastonediet,andthat50to70percentofnormalweightgirlsbelievetheyareoverweight.Overallresearchindicatesthat90%ofwomenaredissatisfiedwiththeirappearanceinsomeway.MediaactivistJeanKilbourneconcludesthat,“Womenaresoldtothedietindustrybythemagazineswereadandthetelevisionprogramswewatch,almostallofwhichmakeusfeelanxiousaboutourweight.”[E]Perhapsthemostdisturbingisthefactthatmediaimagesoffemalebeautyareunattainableforallbutaverysmallnumberofwomen.ResearchersgeneratingacomputermodelofawomanwithBarbie-dollproportions,forexample,foundthatherbackwouldbetooweaktosupporttheweightofherupperbody,andherbodywouldbetoonarrowtocontainmorethanhalfaliverandafewcentimetersofbowel.Arealwomanbuiltthatwaywouldsufferfromchronicdiarrhea(慢性腹泻)andeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.JillBarad,PresidentofMattel(whichmanufacturesBarbie),estimatedthat99%ofgirlsaged3to10yearsoldownatleastoneBarbiedoll.Still,thenumberofreallifewomenandgirlswhoseekasimilarlyunderweightbodyisepidemic,andtheycansufferequallydevastatinghealthconsequences.Initwasestimatedthatupto450,000Canadianwomenwereaffectedbyaneatingdisorder.[F]Researchersreportthatwomen’smagazineshavetenandone-halftimesmoreadsandarticlespromotingweightlossthanmen’smagazinesdo,andoverthree-quartersofthecoversofwomen’smagazinesincludeatleastonemessageabouthowtochangeawoman’sbodilyappearance—bydiet,exerciseorcosmeticsurgery.Televisionandmoviesreinforcetheimportanceofathinbodyasameasureofawoman’sworth.CanadianresearcherGregoryFoutsreportsthatoverthree-quartersofthefemalecharactersinTVsituationcomediesareunderweight,andonlyoneintwentyareaboveaverageinsize.Heavieractressestendtoreceivenegativecommentsfrommalecharactersabouttheirbodies(“Howaboutwearingasack?，，)，and80percentofthesenegativecommentsarefollowedbycannedaudiencelaughter.[G]Therehavebeeneffortsinthemagazineindustrytobuck(才氐制，反抗)thetrend.ForseveralyearstheQuebecmagazineCoupdePoucehasconsistentlyincludedfull-sizedwomenintheirfashionpagesandChatelainehaspledgednottotouchupphotosandnottoincludemodelslessthan25yearsofage.InMadrid,oneoftheworld’sbiggestfashioncapitals,ultra-thinmodelswerebannedfromtherunwayin.FurthermoreSpainhasrecentlyundergoneaprojectwiththeaimtostandardizeclothingsizesthroughusingauniqueprocessinwhichalaserbeamisusedtomeasurereallifewomen’sbodiesinordertofindthemosttruetolifemeasurement.[H]Anotherissueistherepresentationofethnicallydiversewomeninthemedia.AstudyconductedbyJuanitaCovertandTravisDixontitled“AChangingView:RepresentationandEffectsofthePortrayalofWomenofColorinMainstreamWomen’sMagazines”foundthatalthoughtherewasanincreaseintherepresentationofwomenofcolour,overallwhitewomenwereoverrepresentedinmainstreamwomen’smagazinesfrom1999to.[I]Thebarrageofmessagesaboutthinness,dietingandbeautytells“ordinary”womenthattheyarealwaysinneedofadjustment—andthatthefemalebodyisanobjecttobeperfected.JeanKilbournearguesthattheoverwhelmingpresenceofmediaimagesofpainfullythinwomenmeansthatrealwomen’sbodieshavebecomeinvisibleinthemassmedia.Therealtragedy,Kilbourneconcludes,isthatmanywomeninternalizethesestereotypes,andjudgethemselvesbythebeautyindustry’sstandards.Womenlearntocomparethemselvestootherwomen,andtocompetewiththemformaleattention.Thisfocusonbeautyanddesirability“effectivelydestroysanyawarenessandactionthatmighthelptochangethatclimate.”46.AreportinTeenmagazineshowedthat50%to70%girlswithnormalweightthinkthattheyneedtoloseweight.47.Onthewhole,for6yearswhitewomenhadbeenoccupyingmuchmorespaceinmainstreamwomen’smagazinessince1999.48.Somenegativeeffectssuchasdepressionandunhealthyeatinghabitsinfemalesarerelatedtotheirbeingexposedtoimagesofthinandyoungfemalebodies.49.Themassmediahashelpedboostthecosmeticandthedietindustries.50.Itisreportedthatthereisatleastonemessageaboutthemethodsforwomentochangetheirbodilyappearanceonmorethanthree-quartersofthecoversofwomen’smagazines.51.Somefilmandtelevisionactressesevenfaintonthesceneduetoeatingtoolittle.52.Toomuchconcernwithappearancemakesitimpossibletochangesuchabnormaltrend.53.ResearchersfoundthatarealwomanwithBarbie-dollproportionswouldeventuallydiefrommalnutrition.54.TheQuebecmagazineCoup(ePouceresiststhetrendbyconsistentlyincludingfull-sizedwomenintheirfashionpagesforseveralyears.55.Accordingtosomeanalysts,thefundamentalreasonofimposingstandardsofbeautyonwomeniseconomicprofits.PartⅢReadingComprehensionSectionB46.[D]题干意为，《青少年》杂志上一项报道称，有50%到70%体重正常女孩认为自己需要减肥。注意抓住题干中关键词magazine、50%to70%和normalweight。文章段落中，《青少年》杂志以及百分比50%到70%内容在[D]段出现，该段倒数第二句提到，《青少年》杂志报道称，在6~12岁女孩当中，有35%人最少进行过一次减肥，有50%~70%体重正常女孩认为自己超重。由此可知，题干是对该句部分内容同义转述，故答案为[D]。题干中needtoloseweight与原文中isoverweight对应。47.[H]。题干意为，总体而言，1999年以来白人女性连续六年占据了主流女性杂志多数篇幅。注意抓住题干中关键词for6years、whitewomen和occupyingmuchmorespace。文章段落中，提及白人女性在主流女性杂志所占百分比内容在[H]段出现，该段最终一句提到，该研究发觉，即使1999~间杂志中出现有色人种女性形象在数量上有所增加，不过从整体来看，白人女性还是占据了主流女性杂志多数篇幅。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[H]。题干中occupyingmuchmorespace对应原文中overrepresented。48.[C]。题干意为，女性身上存在一些诸如抑郁和不健康饮食习惯负面影响与接触年轻苗条女性形象关于。注意抓住题干中关键词depressionandunhealthyeatinghabits、beingexposedto和thinandyoungbodies。文章段落中，[C]段提到了抑郁、不健康饮食习惯以及接触年轻苗条女性形象内容，该段最后一句提到，另首先，研究表明，接触这种年轻苗条、妆容漂亮女性形象与女性抑郁、缺乏自信和不健康饮食习惯关于。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[C]。题干中arerelatedto对应原文中islinkedto，beingexposedto对应原文中exposureto。49.[B]。题干意为，大众媒体帮助促进了化装品和减肥产品行业发展。注意抓住题干中关键词boosted和thecosmeticandthedietindustries。文章段落中，只有[B]段提到了化装品和减肥产品行业发展，该段最后一句提到，经过展现一个难以达成和保持理想身材，化装品和减肥产品行业必定能够得到发展并获得利润，而其展现方式就是经过大众媒体。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[B]。50.[F]。题干意为，报道称超出四分之三女性杂志封面最少包含了一条关于怎样改变女性身材方法。注意抓住题干中关键词atleastonemessage和morethanthree-quarters。文章段落中，提到女性杂志封面提供怎样改变女性身材内容在[F]段出现，该段首句提到，研究人员公布说，女性杂志上宣传减肥广告和文章所占比重比男性杂志高10.5倍，超出四分之三女性杂志封面最少包含了一条关于怎样改变女性身材信息——诸如节食、运动或是整容手术。由此可知，题干对该句后半句内容做了概括，故答案为[F]。题干中methodsforwomentochangetheirbodilyappearance是对原文中howtochangeawoman’sbodilyappearance—bydiet,exerciseorcosmeticsurgery洽勺相无才括。51.[A]。题干意为，甚至有些影视女演员因为吃得太少而在拍摄现场昏倒。注意抓住题干中关键词filmandtelevisionactresses和faint。文章段落中，[A]段提到了女演员以及晕倒内容，该段第三句提到，有些女演员甚至因为吃得太少而在拍摄现场昏倒。由此可见，题干对原文做了同义改写，故答案为[A]。题干中duetoeatingtoolittle和原文中fromlackoffood对应。52.[I]。题干意为，对外表过分关注使得改变这种不正常风气变得不可能。注意抓住题干中关键词toomuchconcern和changesuchabnormaltrend。文章段落中，提及对外表过分关注内容在[I]段出现，该段最终一句提到，这种对于漂亮和性感关注“实际上摧毁了任何可能有利于改变这种风气意识和行动”。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[I]。题干中toomuchconcernonappearance对应原文中focusonbeautyanddesirability。53.[E]。题干意为，研究人员发觉假如一个女人身材百分比和芭比娃娃一样，那么她最终会死于营养不良。注意抓住题干中关键词Barbie-dollproportions和diefrommalnutrition。文章段落中，只有[E]段提到了芭比娃娃，该段第三句提到，假如一个女人身材真是那样(有着芭比娃娃身材百分比)话，她将会患上慢性腹泻并最终死于营养不良。由此可知，题干对原文做了同义改写，故答案为[E]。54.[G]。题干意为，几年来魁北克杂志坚持在其时尚页面上发表正常身材女性形象，以抵制这种时尚。注意抓住题干中关键词TheQuebecmagazineCoupde和consistentlyincludingfUll-sizedwomen。文章段落中，提及魁北克杂志Coupde)ou(e坚持发表正常身材女性形象内容在[G]段出现，该段前两句提到，杂志业有些人正在努力抵制这种时尚。几年来魁北克杂志Coupde)ou(e坚持在其时尚页面上发表正常身材女性形象。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[G]。题干中resists对应原文中buck(抵制，反抗)。55.[B]。题干意为，依照一些分析家观点，将漂亮标准强加到女性身上根本原因是经济利益。注意抓住题干中关键词fundamentalreason、standardsofbeauty和economicprofits。文章段落中，论及将漂亮标准强加到女性身上根本原因内容在[B]段出现，该段前两句提到，为何会把漂亮标准强加到女性身上，而大多数女性生来就比模特要胖要成熟?一些分析家认为，根源在于经济利益。由此可知，题干是对原文同义转述，故答案为[B]。题干中fundamentalreason和原文中roots对应。A:PizzaHutwasstartedin1958,bytwobrothersinWichita,Kansas.FrankandDanCarneyhadtheideatoopenapizzaparlor.Theyborrowed$600fromtheirmother,andopenedtheveryfirstPizzaHut.In1959,thefirstfranchiseunitopenedinTopeka,Kansas.Almostadecadelater,PizzaHutwouldbeservingonemillioncustomersaweekintheir310locations.In1970,PizzaHutwasputontheNewYorkStockExchangeunderthetickersymbolPIZ.B:In1986,PizzaHutintroduceddeliveryservice,somethingnootherrestaurantwasdoing.Bythe1990'sPizzaHutsaleshadreached$4billionworldwide.In1998,PizzaHutcelebratedtheir40thanniversary,andlaunchedtheirfamouscampaign"TheBestPizzasUnderOneRoof."In1996,PizzaHutsalesintheUnitedStateswereover$5million.Outofalltheexistingpizzachains,PizzaHuthadthelargestmarketshare,46.4%.However,PizzaHut'smarketsharehasslowlyerodedbecauseofintensecompetitionfromtheirrivalsDomino's,LittleCaesar'sandnewcomerPapaJohn's.Homedeliverywasadrivingforceforsuccess,especiallyforPizzaHutandDomino's.C:However,thisforcedcompetitorstolookfornewmethodsofincreasingtheircustomerbases.Manypizzachainsdecidedtodiversifyandoffernewnon-pizzaitemssuchasbuffalowings,andItaliancheesebread.Thecurrenttrendinpizzachainstodayisthesame.Theyalltrytocomeupwithsomenewer,bigger,better,pizzaforalowprice.Offeringspecialpromotionsandnewpizzavariationsarepopulartodayaswell.Forexample,chickenisnowacommontoppingfoundonpizzas.D:Inthepast,PizzaHuthasalwayshadthefirstmoveradvantage.Theirmarketingstrategyinthepasthasalwaysbeentobefirst.Oneoftheirmainstrategiesthattheystillfollowtodayisthediversificationoftheproductstheyoffer.PizzaHutisalwaysaddingsomethingnewtotheirmenu,tryingtoreachnewmarkets.Forexample,in1992thefamousbuffetwaslaunchedinPizzaHutrestaurantsworldwide.Theyweretryingtooffermanydifferentfooditemsforcustomerswhodidn'tnecessarilywantpizza.E:Anotherstrategytheyusedinthepastandarestillusingisthediversificationoftheirpizzas.PizzaHutisalwaystryingtocomeupwithsomeinnovativewaytomakeapizzaintosomethingslightlydifferent-differentenoughthatcustomerswillthinkit’sawholenewproduct.Forexample,let'slookatsomeofthepizzasPizzaHuthasmarketedinthepast.In1983,PizzaHutintroducedtheirPanPizza,whichhadaguaranteeofbeingreadytoeatin5minuteswhendiningatPizzaHutrestaurants.In1993,theyintroducedthe"BigFoot,"whichwastwosquarefeetofpizzacutinto21slices.In1995,theyintroduced"StuffedCrustPizza,"wherethecrustwouldbefilledwithcheese.In1997,theymarketed"TheEdge,"whichhadcheeseandtoppingsallthewaytotheedgeofthepizza.Currently,theyaremarketing"TheBigNewYorker,"tryingtobringthefamousNewYorkstylepizzatothewholecountry.F:AnotheropportunitythatPizzaHuthasistheirneworderingonlinesystem.AnyonewithInternetaccesscanorderwhatevertheywishandgetitdeliveredtotheirhousewithoutevenspeakingtosomeone.Thisprogramhasjustbeenstarted,sowedonothaveanynumberstosupportwhetherornotitwillbeasuccess.G:Lastly,PizzaHuthasalwaysvaluedcustomerserviceandsatisfaction.In1995,PizzaHutbegantwocustomersatisfactionprograms:a1-800numbercustomerhotline,andacustomercall-backprogram.Thesewereimplementedtomakesuretheircustomerswerehappy,andalwayswantedtoreturn.Inourplan,wewillfirstgiveasituationanalysisofcurrentandrelevantenvironmentalconditionsthataffectourplan.Next,wewillgiveabriefanalysisofthecurrentfastfoodindustry,andanytrendsorchangesthatmightoccurinthefuture.H:However,thefactthatPizzaHutdoeshavearestauranttorunisalsoaweakness.PizzaHuthashigheroverheadcosts,duetotherestaurantthatothercompetitorsdon'thavetodealwith.AnotherresultofhigheroverheadcostsishigherpricesPizzaHutmustcharge.Obviously,PizzaHutisnotthelowcostproducer.Theyrelyontheirqualitypizzaandgoodservicetoaccountfortheirhigherprices.I:AnindirectweaknessthatPizzaHuthasisthattheyhavelostalotoftheircustomersandmarketshareduetosuchintensecompetitionwithcompetitors.PizzaHut'sopportunitiesarealmostendless.Theycanincreaserevenuewiththeirnewinnovativepizzas,andincreasebrandloyaltywithgoodcustomerservice.J:PizzaHut'snumberonethreatsarefromtheircompetitors.Currently,theirclosestcompetitorisDomino'sPizza.Domino'smaincompetitiveadvantageoverPizzaHutistheirprice.ItisgenerallylowerthanPizzaHut.Also,Domino'swasveryprofitablewhentheyranthepromotionaldealofdeliveringapizzawithin30minutes.However,manylawsuitshavebeenfiledagainstDomino'sinthepastforrecklessdrivingbytheirdrivers,soDomino'swithdrewthepromotion.LittleCaesar'sisanotheroneofPizzaHut'scompetitors,rightbehindDomino'sinmarketshare.LittleCaesar'sisfamousforofferinglargequantitiesofpizzaforlessmoney.OthercompetitorsincludePapaJohn's,Sbarro,andPizzaInn.K:Aproblemfacingallofthepizzachainsisthateachoftheirindividualcompetitiveadvantagesareprettymucheveryone'scompetitiveadvantages.Mostifnotallthetoppizzachainsofferfreedelivery,andalwayshavesomesortofpromotionaldealofferinglargepizzasatreducedprices.Othercompetitorstotakeintoconsiderationarefrozenpizzasandmake-it-yourselfpizzasthatarepurchasedingrocerystores.SomeexamplesoftheseareTombstonePizzas,Boboli,andDi'Gorniopizzas.1.PizzaHutexpandeditsbusinessintomanypartsofthecountrybythetimeof1969.