英语人教新目标八年级下册Unit 2 Section A 1a-2d

打扫（或清楚）干净v.

欢呼；喝彩（使）变得更高兴；振奋起来分发；散发v.

义务做；自愿做n.

志愿者cleanup cheercheerupgiveoutvolunteer

Wordsandexpressions想出；提出（主意、计划、回答等）推迟comeupwithputoffn.

标志；信号n.

通知；通告；注意v.

注意到；意识到sign notice分发handout

打电话给（某人）；

征召曾经……；过去……adj.

孤独的；寂寞的照顾；非常喜欢adj.无家的callupusedtolonely careforhomelessv.

募集；征集adv.

独自；单独raisealone WarmingupFreetalkDoyouoftenhelpothers?

Tellussomethingaboutwhenandhowyouhelpedothers.Doyouwanttobeavolunteer?Howcouldwehelppeople?Theyhelptosendfoodtothepoorpeople.Lookatthepictures.Whatdotheydo?Theyhelptoexaminethehealthconditionoftheold.Theyhelptocuthairfortheold.Theyhelptocleantheyardsofthecommunity.Theyhelptokeepthebus-stopclean.Lookatthewaysyoucouldhelppeopleinthepicture.Thenlistotherways.1aOtherwaysyoucouldhelppeople.________________________________________________________________________________________________Otherwaysyoucouldhelppeople:Helptheoldtogoacrosstheroad.Offeryourseattotheold,thechildren,orthewomanholdingababy.Maketheoldwhoarespendingtheirresthoursintheeldercommunitylaugh.Anyothers?Whatotherthingscouldyouhelppeople?Justthinkandfillinthechart.takepartinplantingtreesteachingkidsinpoorareahelpprovidemoneyforthepoorstudentsbevolunteersinChina(Taiyuan)InternationalCoal&EnergyNewIndustryExposition_____Thegirlcouldvisitthesickkidsinthehospitaltocheerthemup._____Theboycouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbank._____Thegirlcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids._____Theboycouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.Listenandnumberthewaystheboyandgirlcouldhelpothers.12341bPracticetheconversationinthepictureabove.Thenmakeotherconversationsusingtheinformationin1b.Pairwork1cIhopetoworkoutside.Youcouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbanktohelpfeedthem.I’dliketohelpkidswiththeirEnglish.I’dliketo

giveoutfoodtothepoorpeople.I’dliketoputupsigns/notices.I’dliketohandoutadvertisements.I’dliketo

giveahandinanoldpeople’shome！AgroupofstudentsareplanningaCityParkClean-UpDay.Listenandcheck(√)thethingstheyaregoingtotellpeopleaboutit.√2a√√1.Weneedto______________aplantotellpeopleaboutthecityparkclean-up.2.Clean-upDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.Wecan’t________makingaplan.3.Wecould___________signs.4.Let’smakesomenotices,too.ThenI’ll_____them_______afterschool.5.Wecouldeach__________10studentsandaskthemtocome.putoff

putupoutcallupcomeupwithListenagain.Fillintheblanks.2bhandcomeupwithputoffputuphandoutwritedowncalluptowritesomethingonthepapertogivemanypeoplesomething,usuallyonthestreettothinkofsomeideastoaskmanypeopletodosomethingtomakesomethingdonelatertoputsth.onthewallDoyouknowtheirmeanings?A:WeneedtocomeupwithaplanfortheCityParkClean-UpDay.B:Let’shavelunchfirst.A:No,weneedtostartnow.Clean-UpDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.Makeaconversationusingtheinformationin2aand2b.2cRole-playtheconversation.Helen:Hi,Tom.I’mmakingsomeplanstoworkinanoldpeople’shomethissummer.Tom:Really?Ididthatlastsummer!Helen:Oh,whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith?Tom:Mm…thingslikereadingthenewspapertotheoldpeople,orjusttalkingtothem.2dTheytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.Helen:Thatsoundsinteresting.Tom:Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.Weshouldlistentothemandcareforthem.Helen:You’reright.Imeanwe’reallgoingtobeoldoneday,too.Roleplaytheconversationin2dwithyourpartner.1.Weneedtocomeupwithaplanfor…我们必须想出一个计划。need

是一个常见的动词，表示“需要”之意。它既可以作实义动词，也可以作情态动词。其具体用法如下：Languagepointsneed用作实义动词，有“必要”、“必需”之意，有人称、数和时态的变化，可以接名词、代词、动名词或带to的动词不定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动词。如：这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。ThemanneedsanEnglishdictionarywhenheworks.你必需亲自见他吗？Doyouneedtoseehimyourself?need用作情态动词，意为“必须”、“必要”，没有人称、数等变化，后接不带to的动词不定式。通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，不需要使用助动词。你必须和你的同学去公园吗？Needyougototheparkwithyourclassmate?

他不必花掉这么多钱买这块新手表。Heneedn’tspendmuchmoneyforthisnewwatch.【注意】由need引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用must或haveto；表示否定时用needn’t或don’thaveto。A:NeedIcometoworktomorrow?明天我需要来上班吗?B:Yes,youmust/haveto.是的，你必须来。A:NeedIfinishtheworkatonce?

我需要马上完成这项工作吗？B:No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto．不，不必马上完成。2....andcalledupallhisfriendsandtoldthemabouttheproblem.给他所有的朋友打电话告诉他们他的问题。callup

表示“给……打电话”,后面接指人的词。这个男孩给你打电话只是为了聊天吗？Didtheboycallyouupjustforachat?

“给……打电话”的常见说法还有:①give…acallTheyweregivingtheirteacheracallwhenIgotthere.当我到那时，他们正在给他们的老师打电话。②ringupDidyouringupyourfatherlastweek?上周你给你的父亲打电话了吗？③give…aringDoyouknowwhogaveZhangHuaaringanhourago?你知道一小时前谁给张华打电话了吗?④telephone/phone(to)…Willyoupleasetelephonetothepoliceman?请你给警察打个电话好吗？⑤telephone/phone…up

TelephoneupmeassoonasyouarriveinShanghai.你一到上海就给我打电话。【注意】callup,ring

up和telephone/phone…up

等是由“动词+副词”构成的词组，如果它们的宾语是代词，这个代词用在副词之前。请马上给他打电话。Pleasecallhimupatonce,please!

王萍没来，我现在想要给她打电话。WangPingisn’there.Iwanttophoneherupnow.3.Wecouldputupsigns.sign是名词，用法如下：“标牌，招牌”如：thesignofbarber’sshop“记号，符号”“示意动作”如：Theteachermadeasigntoustobequiet.“迹象，征兆”如：Aredskyatsunsetisasignofgoodweather.4.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.could

是情态动词can的过去式形式，表示过去的能力。它没有人称和数的变化，后面接动词原形。变否定句在could后加not,变一般疑问句把could提前。这个男孩七岁时就会骑自行车。Theboycouldrideabikewhenhewasseven.【注意】在某些情况下，could并不表示过去，只是表示委婉、客气的语气。其肯定答语用：Sure./Certainly./Allright.等。否定答语用：Sorry./Sorry,Ican’t.等。

A:Couldyoutellmeifheisastudent?

你能告诉我他是不是学生吗？

B:Sure.当然可以。5.cleanup“（把……）打扫干净”、“梳理整齐”。我们必须每天早上把操场打扫得干干净净。Wemustcleanuptheplaygroundeverymorning.【注意】如果在clean和up间加个连字符号，它就是名词了，表示“扫除”。Youmustgiveyourclassroomagoodclean-up.你必须对教室进行彻底地打扫。

1.Youcould__________(分发)foodatthefoodbanktohelpfeedthem.Iwantto_________(使变得更高兴)mygrandparents.3.—Whatdoesyourfriendwanttodothissummerholiday?—Hewantsto___________(自愿做)inanorphanage(孤儿院).I.根据句意及提示写出单词。giveoutcheerupvolunteerExercises1.汤姆贴了一些需求旧书的广告。2.我们需要想出一个计划来帮助无家可归的孩子们。3.我希望让生病的小孩振作起来。Tomputupsomesignsaskingforoldbooks.Weneedtocomeupwithaplantohelphomelesschildren.II.汉译英。Ihopetocheerupsickkids.4.你可以帮忙打扫城市公园。Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.5.我需要打个电话。6.他没必要给莉莉买礼物。7.你会讲英语吗？Ineedtomakeaphonecall.Heneedn’ttobuyLilyapresent.CouldyouspeakEnglish?(2019·四川广元)根据句意，用括号里所给单词的适当形式填空。请将正确答案填写在答题卡上的相应位置。Marioisusedto_______________(volunteer)atananimalhospitalnow.中考链接volunteering【答案】volunteering句意：马里奥现在习惯于在动物医院当志愿者。短语“beusedtodoingsth.”意为“习惯于作某事”。To后跟动名词作宾语，故填volunteering。（2019·湖北）Allthemembersdecidedto________themoneyfromthebooksaletohomelesspeople.A.giveup B.giveawayC.takeupD.takeaway【解析】B句意：所有的成员都决定把卖书所得的钱捐给无家可归的人。考查动词短语辨析:A.放弃；B.赠送；C.接受/开始干；D.带走。根据tohomelesspeople可知giveaway符合语境，故选B。（2019·湖南）Thevolunteers________thesickkidsinthehospitalonweekends.A.lookafter B.lookfor C.lookthrough【解析】句意：这些志愿者们周末的时候在医院里照顾这些生病的孩子。lookafter照顾；lookfor寻找；lookthrough浏览，温习。根据空后…thesickkidsinth