2018-2019英语人教版讲义必修1Unit4Earthquakes知识点汇总及练习Word版含

Unit4Earthquakes一、刷黑板——词汇全听写先过识记默写关Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．earthquaken．地震2．quaken.震动；地震3．welln.井4．crackn.裂痕；噼啪声vt.&vi.(使)开裂；破碎5．smellyadj.发臭的；有臭味的6．farmyardn.农场；农家[第二屏听写]7．pipen．管；导管8．millionn.百万9．canaln.运河；水道10．steamn.蒸汽；水汽11．dirtn.污垢；泥土12．extremeadj.极度的13．survivorn.幸存者；生还者；残余物14．brickn.砖；砖块15．damn.水坝；堰堤[第三屏听写]16．trackn．轨道；踪迹；印迹17．minen.矿；矿山；矿井18．minern.矿工19．sheltern.遮蔽；遮蔽处；避身处20．reportern.记者21．barn.条；棒；条状物22．outlinen.重点；纲领；轮廓23．headlinen.报刊的大字标题24．cyclistn.骑自行车的人[第四屏听写]Ⅱ.高频词汇

(汉译英)1．burstvi.n.2．eventn.3．nationn.4．ruinn.vt.5.sufferingn．6．injurevt.7．destroyvt.8．uselessadj.9．shockvt.&vi.

爆裂；迸发忽然破碎；迸发事件；大事民族；国家；公民废墟；破坏破坏；使破产磨难；悲伤伤害；伤害[第五屏听写]损坏；破坏；消灭无用的；无效的；无益的(使)震撼；震动n.10．rescuen．&vt.11．trapvt.n.12．electricityn.13．disastern.14．buryvt.15．titlen.16．damagen．&vt.17．frightenvt.18．frightenedadj.19．frighteningadj.20．congratulationn.21．judgen.vt.22．sincerelyadv.23．expressvt.n.24．right_away

休克；打击；震撼援救；救援使堕入窘境圈套；窘境电；电流；电学灾害；灾害[第六屏听写]埋葬；掩埋；隐蔽标题；头衔；资格损失；伤害使惊吓；恐吓吃惊的；受恫吓的令人惧怕的庆祝；(复数)贺词评判员；法官判定；判断；裁决[第七屏听写]真挚地；诚挚地表示；表达快车；速递马上；马上25．as_if忧如；仿佛26．at_an_end结束；终结27．in_ruins严重受损；破败不堪28．dig_out掘出；发现29．a_(great)_number_of很多；大量的二、刷清单——热身自清点再过基本应用关(一)核心单词6.trackn．轨道；踪迹；印迹7．minen.矿；1.earthquaken．地震矿山；矿井阅2．millionn.百万8．sheltern.掩读蔽；遮蔽处；避身3．canaln.运河；水道单处4．steamn.蒸汽；水汽词5．extremeadj.极度的9．reportern.记者10．outlinen.要点；纲领；轮廓

11.headlinen．报刊的大字标题12．cyclistn.骑自行车的人13．farmyardn.农场；农家14．brickn.砖；砖块15．damn.水坝；堰堤1.burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂；迸发忽然破碎；迸发2．eventn.事件；大事3．ruinn.废墟；破坏vt.破坏；使破产4．destroyvt.损坏；破坏；消灭表5．uselessadj.无用的；无效的；无益的达6．rescuen．&vt.援救；救援单7．trapvt.使堕入窘境词n.圈套；窘境8．buryvt.埋葬；掩埋；隐蔽9．damagen．&vt.损失；伤害10．judgen.评判员；法官vt.判定；判断；裁决11．disastern.灾害；灾害12．titlen.标题；头衔；资格

[语境活用]1．Theearthquakewassobigthatmostofthehousesinthesmallvillagewerecompletelydestroyed(损坏)．2．Withsomanypeopleburied(掩埋)underthemine,noneoftherescueworkerswouldstoptohavearest.3．Awaterpipeburst(爆裂)andtheentireapartmentwasflooded.4．Toomuchdrinkingwilldodamage(伤害)toyourhealth;youshouldtakethedoctor'sadvice.5．Afterlearningthattheboyshadbeenlostforalmost20hours,thepolicesentoutarescue(救援)teamtolookforthem.1.nationn．民族；国家；公民→nationaladj.民族的；国家的；公民的2．shockvt.&vi.(使)震撼；震动n.休克；打击；震撼→shockingadj.令人震撼的shockedadj.震撼的3．sufferingn．磨难；悲伤→sufferv．遭受；忍耐；经历拓4．injurevt.伤害；伤害→injuryn．伤害；展伤害→injuredadj.受伤的单5．expressvt.表示；表达n．快车；速递词→expressionn．表达；表情6．frightenvt.使惊吓；恐吓→frightenedadj.吃惊的；受恫吓的→frighteningadj.令人惧怕的7．congratulationn．庆祝；(复数)贺词congratulatevt.庆祝8．sincerelyadv.真挚地；诚挚地→sincereadj.真挚的；诚挚的(二)常用短语

6．Thisisoneoftheworstnaturaldisasters(灾害)evertohitthearea.[语境活用]1．Wewereshockedattheshockingnewsthathediedyesterday.(shock)2．IamlackinginwordsandexpressionstoexpresshowgratefulIfeelandIwillgivemyheadteacherthepresentasanexpressionofgratitude.(express)3．Afterseeingthefrighteningfilm,the_frightenedboywastoofrightenedtowalkhomealoneinthedark.(frighten)4．Rescuerssaidtheinjuredweretakentoahospitalnearby,butfortunatelytheinjurywasnotserious,notlifethreatening.(injure)5．Theheadmasterwrotealettertocongratulateheronhergoodperformanceandtheexcitingcongratulationsencouragedhergreatly.(congratulate)写准记牢1.right_away马上；马上2．think_little_of认为,,没什么3．at_an_end_结束；终结4．in_ruins_严重受损；破败不堪5．dig_out_掘出；发现6．a_(great)_number_of很多；大量的7．be_proud_of以,,而骄傲8．be_trapped_in堕入9．be_buried_in用心于(三)经典句式

语境活用(采用左栏短语填空)1.Iwas_trapped_intheheavyrainonthewaytoschoolyesterday.2．WhenIcamein,hewas_buried_inplayingcomputergamesinhisstudy.3．Pleasewaitforamoment.I'llfindtheaddressforyouright_away.4．Thestrongearthquakeleftthecityin_ruins_merelyinseveralseconds.5．Theexhibitionwassointerestingthata_number_ofpeoplecametovisitit.Myholidayisat_an_endandImustgobacktoworktomorrow.原句背诵1.Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!忧如到了世界末日！2.Thousandsoffamilieswerekilledandmanychildrenwereleftwithoutparents.不计其数个家庭罹难，很多孩子变为了孤儿。

句式解构asif后常接表语从句或方式状语从句，若表示非真切状况常用虚构语气。leave＋宾语＋宾补“使,,处于某种状态”。

佳句仿写保罗从后窗往外看，看见狼站在麦克的自行车上，忧如那是一个猎物。(2017·浙江高考写作)PaullookedoutofthebackwindowandsawthewolfstandingoverMac'sbicycleas_if_it_were_akill.她跑开了，留下她的母亲一个人在雨中。Sheranawayandleft_her_mother_in_the_rainalone.部分否定。all...近来的一项检查表示，在我们学校并不是所3.Allhopewasnotlost.not...＝notall...有的学生都在业余时间进行体育锻炼。意为“并不是所有Arecentsurveyshowsthat不是所有的希望都幻灭了。的,,not_all_the_students_in_our_school_take_p都,,”。hysical_exerciseintheirsparetime.(四)初中考点再回首高频考察类——记熟文化差别类——辨清易忘易错类——勤览1.“没有”的表达法1.be_expected_to被希望1.clothesn．衣服(集nobook＝notabook2．be_free免费合名词)nobooks＝notanybooks3．be_good_at善于,,2．clothingn.衣服(不行数)nowater＝notanywater4．begoodfor对,,有利3．clothn.布料(不行数)2．aboutfivekilometersaway5．begoodto对,,友善4．howmuchmoney多少钱fromschool离学校大概5公6．begoodwith与,,相处5．howold多大里远得好6．whatsize多大号3．farawayfromschool离学校很远一、过重点单词——纵引横联超人一点1．burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂；迸发n.忽然破碎；迸发[教材原句]Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市内，一些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。(1)burstin/into闯进；忽然破门而入burstoutcrying/laughing2忽然大哭起来/大笑起来burstintotears/laughter(3)burstwithanger勃然震怒[多角练透]单句语法填空Heburstinwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.②Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor，whichmademeveryangry.一句多译看到她的同学因为她的愚笨错误哄堂大笑，她忽然大哭起来。Seeingherclassmatesburst_out_laughingbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburst_out_crying.(burstoutdoing)Seeingherclassmatesburst_into_laughterbecauseofherfoolishmistakes,sheburst_into_tears.(burstinto＋n.)[名师指津]短语burstin中的in是副词，后不接宾语；而burstinto中的into是介词，后接宾语。2．ruinn．[U]破坏；破坏；崩溃；[常用复数]废墟；古迹vt.破坏；使破产[教材原句]Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。(1)lie/beinruins成为废墟bereducedtoruins沦为废墟(2)ruinoneself毁掉自己；自取消亡ruinone'shealth/fame/future破坏某人的健康/名誉/前程[多角练透]单句语法填空Inordertobenefitfromonlineshoppinginsteadofbeing_ruined(ruin)byit,Isuggestthateachonlineshopperlearnself-controlandmakeeveryminuteandeverypennycount.Shortlyaftersufferingfromamassiveearthquakeandbeing_reduced(reduce)toruins,thecitytookonanewlook.补全句子Nomatterhowfamousabrandis,it_can_be_in_ruinsonceitbetraysthetrustofconsumers.不论一个牌子多出名气，一旦辜负了花费者的相信它就有可能会破坏。3．injurevt.伤害；伤害[教材原句]Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.他们中有三分之二的人在地震中逝世或受伤。(1)injuredadj.

受伤的theinjured

伤员(2)injuryn.

伤害；伤害dosb.aninjury＝doaninjurytosb.

伤害某人[题点全练

]单句语法填空Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn'tbeenwearingone,Iwould_have_been_injured(injure)．(2016天·津高考单项选择)②Dogs'ownersshouldberesponsibleiftheirpetsdoaninjury(injure)tootherpeopleorcausedamagetotheirproperty.Aterribleaccidenthappenedatthecrossingandanambulancerushedtheinjured(injure)tothehospital.4．buryvt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉醉；隐蔽[教材原句]Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.解放军构成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，将死者掩埋。(1)beburiedin＝buryoneselfin

用心于；专心于(2)buryone'sfaceinone'shands

双手掩面[多角练透

]单句语法填空Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hewasn'tawarethatalltheothershadleft.Burying(bury)hisfaceinhishands,hetriedtocontrolhisweeping.一句多译专心于看报，他没注意到他的爸爸。Buried_in_reading_his_newspaper,_hedidn'ttakenoticeofhisdad.(bury)Absorbed_in_his_newspaper,_hedidn'ttakenoticeofhisdad.(absorb)Concentrating_on_reading_his_newspaper,_hedidn'ttakenoticeofhisdad.(concentrate)Devoted_to_his_newspaper,_hedidn'ttakenoticeofhisdad.(devote)5．judgen．评判员；法官vt.判定；判断；裁决[高考佳句

]

I'mwritingtoinviteyoutobea

judgeatourEnglishspeechcontesttobeheldinourschoolonJune15.(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我写信邀请你担当6月15号在我们学校举行的英语演讲竞赛的裁判。(1)judge...from/by...

从,,

来判断asfarasIcanjudge

据我判断；我认为(2)judgingby/from

从,,

上看；依据

,,

判断[多角练透

]单句语法填空①Astheoldsayinggoes,“Youcan'tjudgeabyookitscover.”Judging(judge)fromthenumberofcars,hethoughttherewerenotmanypeopleintheclubyet.补全句子As_far_as_I_can_judge/As_far_as_I'm_concerned,_it'sdangeroustogiveadrunkmanaliftatnight.依我看来，在夜晚搭载一个醉酒的人是危险的。[名师指津]judgingfrom/by用在句首时为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态的影响。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Onarrivingthere,weexpressedourcongratulations(congratulate)tohimonhissuccess.2．Hishousewas_destroyed(destroy)intheearthquakelastyearandhehadtobuildanewone.3．Hestoodonthesidewalkwithhishandsburied(bury)inthepocketsofhisdarkovercoat.4．Hewentthroughalotofsufferings(suffer)beforenewChinawasfounded.5．Don'tforgettopraisethemsincerely(sincere)whensomeonedoessomethinggood.6．Anumberofhighbuildingshavearisenwheretherewasnothingayearagobutruins(ruin).7．Whatthenewspaperreporteddidagreatinjurytoherfame.8．Alargenumberofsoldiersweresentthereto_rescue(rescue)thosetrappedinthebuildings.9．Whensheheardaboutthenewsthatherfatherhaddied,sheburstoutcrying(cry)．10．Whenpeopleusewordsandexpressions(express)differentfromthe“standardlanguage

，”itiscalledadialect.Ⅱ.单句改错1.Judgedfromherlastletter,theyarehavingawonderfultime.Judged→Judging2．Thelittlegirlwassofrighteningthatsheburstoutcrying.frightening→frightened3．Intheearthquake,lions→million4．Theearthquakediddamagefortheareawheremanyhousesfelldownandmanypeopleweretrappedinruins.for→to5．Toourrelief,uptonowtheinjuredinthecrashhasbeencarriedtothenearbyhospital.has→have6．Theywereextremesadatthethoughtoftheirmissingson.extreme→extremelyⅢ.一句多译1．因为他用心于念书，所以不知道外面下雨了。Becausehe_buried_himself_in/was_buried_inhisbooks,hedidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.Burying_himself_in_his_books,_hedidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.(使用此刻分词作状语)③Buried_in_his_books,_hedidn'tknowitwasrainingoutside.(使用过去分词作状语)2．听到这，全班同学大笑起来，我同桌的脸变红了。When_they_heard_this,_thewholeclassburst_into_laughterandmydeskmate'sfaceturnedred.(时间状语从句，burstinto)②Hearing_this,_thewholeclassburst_out_laughingandmydeskmate'sfaceturnedred.(分词作状语，burstout)二、太短语、句式——学通学活靓人一眼1．atanend结束；终结[经典例句]Whenthejourneywasatanend,everybodyfelttiredandhungry.当旅途结束时，大家感觉又累又饿。(1)attheendof在,,终点；在,,尾端bytheendof到,,结束时；到,,时候为止(常与达成时态连用)intheendput/etoanend[多角练透]同义句改写

最后；终于使,,结束达成；结束Themeetingwasatanendandhesetdownmanykeypoints.The_meeting_came_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points.(come)We_brought_the_meeting_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points.(bring)We_put_an_end_to_the_meeting_and_he_set_down_many_key_points./We_put_the_meeting_to_an_end_and_he_set_down_many_key_points.(put)单句改错Youshouldaddyournameintheendofthereport.in→at2．a(great)numberof很多；大量的[教材原句]Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecausethequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.造成这样多的人员死亡是因为地震发生时人们正在睡觉。[多角练透]单句语法填空Alargenumberofbookshave_been_stolen(steal)fromthelibrarysofar.②Thenumberofbooksstolenfromthelibraryis_(be)large.③Withmoreandmoreforestscutdown,largequantitiesofsoilawaynow.

are_being_washed(wash)单句写作④一位一般的工人向一所大学捐献了大量的金钱，这惹起了民众的关注。(2014·广东高考写作)Agreatdealofmoneywas_donated_to_a_university_byanordinaryworker,whicharousedpublicattention.[名师指津]“largequantities/amountsof＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用复数，而“alargequantity/amountof＋n.”作主语时谓语动词用单数。3．asif指引方式状语从句和表语从句Itseemedas_iftheworldwasatanend!忧如到了世界末日！asif(＝asthough)“忧如；仿佛”，在句中指引表语从句，也可指引方式状语从句。假如所指引的从句表示的状况是真切的或是极有可能发生的状况时，句子要用陈说语气。(2)当说话人所陈说的是不真切的或很少可能发生或存在的状况时，从句用虚构语气。(3)假如

asif

指引的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，

且含有

be动词，可省略从句主语和be动词，这样

asif

后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词

(短语)、介词短语或分词。①Hurryup!Itlooksasifthetrainis_going_to_move.(陈说语气)快点！看起来火车要开了。Ayoungcoupleinaboatwereeating,talkingandlaughingloudlyasiftheywere(be)theonlypeopleintheworld.一对年青夫妻坐在船上吃着东西，说着话，大笑着，仿佛他们是这世界上仅有的人。Tomraisedhisrighthandasif_to_say(say)something.汤姆举起右手仿佛要说什么。4．部分否定Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都幻灭了。该句是表示部分否定的句型。all...not...＝notall...，意为“并不是所有的,,都,,”。All_students_don't_obey/Not_all_students_obeytheschoolrules,soasateacher,Ishouldbestrictwiththem.并不是所有的学生都恪守学校规章制度，所以作为一名老师，我应严格要求他们。(1)英语中的

all,both,every,everybody,everything,completely,always,whole,entirely

等拥有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词

not连用，不论

not

位臵怎样，均构成部分否定，表示“并不是都”的意思。(2)英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,noone,nowhere,nomore,nolonger,noway等表否定意义的词(组)与一定式谓语一同使用构成“所有否定”。OurEnglishteacherisexcellent,butshecan't_help_everyoneintheclassin50minutes.我们的英语老师特别棒，可是她不行能在50分钟内帮助班里的每一位同学。None_of_uswasallowedtogothere.我们全都不被赞同去那边。Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Shewalkedhereandthereontheplaygroundasiflooking(look)forsomething.2．AsChinadevelopsfast,anumberofforeignersare_learning(learn)Chineseasasecondlanguage.3．DoyouknowthegirlwhoseEnglishisexcellent?4．Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostatanend.5．Wehadintendedtotakeatwo-daytrip,butweweretoobusyto_afford(afford)it.6．Doyouthinkit_possibleforsomanypeopletositinsuchasmallroom?Ⅱ.依据提示词和有关要求补全句子1．正如那句老话：活到老，学到老。(too...to...)Justasanoldsayinggoes:itisnevertoo_late_to_learn.2．有噪音，仿佛是从楼下传过来的。(asif)Itisnoisy._It_seems_as_ifthenoisecomesfromdownstairs.3．我正在街上走着，忽然听到有人叫我的名字。(bedoing...when...)Iwas_walking_along_the_street_whenIheardmynamecalled.4．他的房屋着火了，因为他让厨房炉灶烧着就出去了。(leave复合构造)Hishousecaughtfire,becausehewentoutbutleft_the_stove_burninginthekitchen.5．我赞同你所说的大多数内容，可是我其实不是赞同所有内容。(部分否定)Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butI_don't_agree_with_everything.Ⅲ.句型变换1．Everyboyisnotinterestedinsports.(变为同义句)Not_every_boy_isinterestedinsports.2．Notallofthemwereallowedtogothere.(变为所有否定)None_of_themwereallowedtogothere.3．Theoldmanwaslyingonthegroundasifhewashurtbadly.(状语从句的省略)Theoldmanwaslyingonthegroundasif_hurt_badly.三、过语法、写作——写对写美高人一筹(一)单元小语法——定语从句(Ⅰ)Ⅰ.用适合的关系代词填空1．Myfatherboughtanewbikeformewhosepriceaddeduptomorethan1,000yuan.2．Shesaidshewoulddoanythingthatcouldhelphermotherrecoverfromthedisease.3．Anyonewhohashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.4．Theboyandthedogthatareinthepictureareverylovely.5．Theearthquakethat/whichhitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.6．Wedon'tknowthenumberofpeoplewho/thatlosttheirhomesinthedisaster.7．Hanyistheboywhosemotherisourmathsteacher.8．Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarmthat/whichwevisitedthreemonthsago?9．Allthatweneedisenoughrestafterlonghours'work.10．Haveyoureadthebookwhich/thatwaswrittenbyAnneFrank?Ⅱ.用定语从句归并下边的句子1．Doyouknowtheman?Themanspoketotheheadmasterjustnow.Do_you_know_the_man_who/that_spoke_to_the_headmaster_just_now?2．Ihaveseenthefilm.They'retalkingaboutthefilm.I_have_seen_the_film_that/which_they're_talking_about.3．ThegirlisfromAmerica.HerfatherisaChinese.The_girl_whose_father_is_a_Chinese_is_from_America.4．Mygrandparentsliveinahouse.Itismorethan100yearsold.My_grandparents_live_in_a_house_which/that_is_more_than_100_years_old.5．ThegirlisfromAmerica.Icalledherjustnow.The_girl_whom/who/that_I_called_just_now_is_from_America.6．Thisisthehouse.LuXunoncelivedinthehouse.This_is_the_house_which/that_Lu_Xun_once_lived_in.(二)讲堂微写作练扩写——让意蕴更丰满[题目要求]昨晚，本市的一座办公楼发生火灾。假设你是一名校报记者，请把下边短文扩写成100词左右的报导，介绍火灾状况。AterriblefireAbigfirehappenedinoneofficebuildinginourcityataboutnineo'clocklastnight.Thefirestartedatthefirstfloor,spreadingonebyonetothefloorsabove.Somewindowsandbrickwallswereburntdown.Thefiremenputoutthefire.Luckily,therewasnopersonintheofficebuildingwhenthefirebrokeout.[答案示例]A_terrible_fireA_big_fire_happened_in_one_office_building_in_our_city_at_about_nine_o'clock_last_night.In_the_beginning,_we_saw_flames_with_thick_black_smoke_coming_out_from_the_sixth_floor._It_was_said_that_the_fire_started_at_the_first_floor,_spreading_one_by_one_to_the_floors_above,_and_finally_reached_the_top_floor.emen_put_out_the_fire.Luckily，there_was_no_person_in_the_office_building_when_the_fire_broke_out.练一语言知识运用保分练1篇完形＋1篇语法填空，限时25分钟Ⅰ.完形填空Ayearago,whenmysiblings(兄弟姐妹)andIlefthome,myparentsmovedtotheothersideofthecountry.Theyhadbuiltabeautifulhouseandtheylovetheirnew,pleasant__1__.Mydadstillworks,butMum__2__earlylastyearandisnow__3__andbecomingincreasinglyunhappyand__4__.Shehastriedjoiningclubs,__5__peopleandintegrating(融入集体)intohernewcommunitybutwithoutanyluck.Shestillknowsnoonedespiteherbest__6__.Theareatheyhavemovedtoisclosedand__7__tostrangers.Sheismanymilesfromheroldfriendsandfamily,__8__allday,everydaywithonlypetsforcompany.Sheisveryintelligent,artistic,loyalandfunny—atrulyamazingperson.Shehasalwayshadlovelyfriendsandbeen__9__andbusy.Itisbreakingmyhearttowatchher__10__lonelinessandsomanyknock-backs(挫折)．Recently,whenIchattoher,Ihavenoticedherlow__11__—shejokesthatshefeelsasifsheis__12__abitofcrazinessfromthequietand__13__.Aftermanyyearsofworkingand__14__afamily,sheshouldbefinallyfreetoenjoyherself.__15__，mysiblingsandIdonotlivenearbysowecannotvisitherfrequently—howshefeels.Ithasgotsobadthattheyare__19__movingagaintoadifferentarea.However,Iaminfavorofthat.Friendshipand__20__arefarmoreimportantthanafancyhouse.语篇解读：母亲退休后，搬了新家，只管房屋很美丽，但在新的地方，习惯了繁忙的母亲却感觉不快乐和孤单，作者由此得出：在人生中，友情和快乐远比昂贵豪华的房屋重要。1．A.scenery

B．surroundingsC．atmosphere

D．attraction分析：选

B

依据前文的“myparentsmovedtotheothersideofthecountry...lovetheirnew,pleasant”可知，他们在那边建筑了新家而且也很喜爱那边的环境。应选B。scenery“景色，景色”；surroundings“环境”；atmosphere“氛围”；attraction“吸引人的事物”。2．A.dismissed

B．displacedC．retired

D．removed分析：选C依据前文的“Mydadstillworks”及“but”可知，此处前后是转折关系，所以这里表示母亲已经退休。应选C。dismiss“辞退”；displace“代替”；retire“退休”；remove“搬走”。3．A.strugglingC．seeking

B．imaginingD．attempting分析：选A依据空后的“andbecomingincreasinglyunhappyand__4__”可知，母亲不太适应新的环境，所以此处表示母亲正努力适应环境。应选A。struggle“奋斗，努力”；imagine“想象”；seek“找寻”；attempt“妄图”。4．A.available

B．satisfiedC．painful

D．alone分析：选D依据后文的“Shehastriedjoiningclubs，__5__peopleandintegrating(融入集体)intohernewcommunitybutwithoutanyluck.”可知，她变得愈来愈不高兴和孤单。故选D。available“可获取的”；satisfied“知足的”；painful“悲伤的”；alone“孤单的”。5．A.meeting

B．recognizingC．tracking

D．calling分析：选

A

依据前文的“Shehastriedjoiningclubs

”可知，此处与前后文在语义上形成并列，即她以前试试着加入俱乐部，结纳四周的人们，融入新的社区，但都不是那么好运，应选A。meet“结纳，认识”；recognize“鉴别出，认可”；track“追踪”；call“打电话”。6．A.comments

B．regardsC．efforts

D．pains分析：选

C

依据前文的“...butwithout

anyluck”可知，只管母亲付出了很大的努力但仍一个人也不认识，应选C。comment“谈论”；regards“致谢，问候”；effort“努力”；pain“悲伤”。7．A.illegal

B．unfriendlyC．dishonest

D．innocent分析：选B此处表示我父亲母亲搬来的这个地方很关闭，对待陌生人也不友善，应选B。空前的closed“关闭的，闭关自守的”是解题的重点。illegal“不合法的”；unfriendly“不友善的”；dishonest“不诚实的”；innocent“单纯的，无辜的”。8．A.stuck

B．lostC．sleepy

D．addicted分析：选

A

剖析句子构造可知，空处作状语修饰句子的主语

She。依据前文的“Sheismanymilesfromheroldfriendsandfamily”及后文的“everydaywithonlypetsforcompany”可知，此处表示她成天困在家中，应选A。stuck“困住的”；lost“迷失的”；sleepy“打盹的”；addicted“着迷的，上瘾的”。9．A.gracefulC．aggressive分析：选D

依据倒数第二段中的

B．messyD．happy“Heisbusywithhisjobandcannotunderstandhowshecanbesounhappy”可知，母亲以前是很幸福快乐的，迁居前后的生活形成了对照，应选D。graceful“优雅的”；messy“纷乱的”；aggressive“好斗的，阵容浩荡的”；happy“快乐的，幸福的”。10．A.escapeB．bearC．undertake

D．solve分析：选B此处表示看到母亲忍耐孤单和打击，我的心就要碎了，应选跑”；bear“忍耐”；undertake“从事”；solve“解决”。

B。escape“逃11．A.attitude

B．conditionC．determination

D．mood分析：选

D

此处表示我注意到母亲的情绪有点低沉，应选

D。attitude“态度”；condition“状况，状态”；determination“信心”；mood“情绪”。12．A.makingup

B．goingthroughC．pursuing

D．witnessing分析：选B

此处表示母亲开玩笑似的说她仿佛正在经向来自寂静和孤单的一丝疯狂，应选B。makeup“假造，化妆”；gothrough“经历”；pursue“追求”；witness“目击，目睹”。13．A.pressureB．lossC．lonelinessD．ambition分析：选C依据前文“Itisbreakingmyhearttowatchher__10__lonelinessandsomanyknock-backs(挫折)．”可知，此处为原词复现，应选C。pressure“压力”；loss“丢掉”；loneliness“孤单”；ambition“野心，理想”。14．A.supportingB．providingC．protectingD．educating分析：选A此处表示多年的工作和养育一家人后，她本能够自由地享受生活。此处supportingafamily意为“养育一家人”，切合语境，应选A。support“养活，奉养，保持”；provide“供给”；protect“保护”；educate“教育”。15．A.UnbelievablyB．RemarkablyC．UnfortunatelyD．Especially分析：选C依据后文的“mysiblingsandIdonotlivenearbysowecannotvisitherfrequently—weallkeepincontactwithherbyphone”可知，我和兄弟姐妹因为住的离母亲远，只好经过电话与她联系，所以此处应填Unfortunately“不幸地”，应选C。unbelievably“难以臵信地”；remarkably“非凡地，惹人注视地”；especially“特别”。16．A.intentionB．experienceC．characterD．situation分析：选D依据后文的“asheisoutatworkallday”可知，父亲成天在外面上班，他不能够理解母亲此刻的状况，应选D。intention“企图”；experience“经历”；character“性格”；situation“状况，状况”。17．A.change

B．observeC．appreciate

D．increase分析：选A此处表示他也不知道怎样改变现状，察”；appreciate“赏识，感谢”；increase“提升”。

应选

A。change“改变”；observe“观18．A.confused

B．slimC．sad

D．relaxed分析：选

C

此处表示父亲不知道怎样改变现状，

对母亲的感觉感觉愧疚和悲伤，

应选C。confused“诱惑的”；slim“小的，苗条的”；sad“悲伤的，悲伤的”；relaxed“放松的”。19．A.admittingC．enjoying

B．consideringD．avoiding分析：选B依据前文的“Heisatalosshowhecan__17__thingsandfeelsguiltyand__18__forhowshefeels”可知，此处表示家人正在考虑搬到此外一个地方，应选B。admit“认可”；consider“考虑”；enjoy“享受”；avoid“防止”。20．A.excitement

B．embarrassmentC．disappointment

D．enjoyment分析：选D此处表示友情和快乐远比昂贵豪华的房屋重要。应选D。excitement“喜悦”；embarrassment“难堪”；disappointment“绝望”；enjoyment“快乐”。Ⅱ.语法填空For26years,TessHeidelberger'sweddingdresswassittinginadustyboxinherbasementnexttoherChristmasdecorations.Shefeltitwas__1__waste,andthenthoughtofherplainChristmastreeskirtonthetopoftheChristmasdecorations.Soshecameup__2__anideaofputtingthetwoof__3__(they)together,andwantedtoturnpartofherweddinggown(长袍)intoatreeskirt.Tess,__4__(live)inMauldin,purchasedtheweddingdressin1989,__5__hadallthewearingitastheyfeltitwas__6__(complete)out-of-date.SoTessmadea__7__(decide)tomakethedressanartproject.Shegotapairofscissorsandabottleofglue(胶水)andgottowork.Allsheneededtobuyweresomeprettyribbonstocovertheglue,becauseshehadalreadyhadaplainChristmastreeskirt__8__(put)underneaththeweddingdress.Wheneverythingwasready,shepinnedtheweddingdressskirtontheplainChristmastreeskirtuntilitwasthewaysheliked.Thenshe__9__(decorate)thedressskirt.Inall,Tessonlyspentanhourcompletingit.Shewasverypleasedwiththe__10__(finish)product.语篇解读：TessHeidelberger将自己的婚纱改成了一件圣诞树裙，她对自己的这件作品很满意。1．a第一次提到的名词用不定冠词a。2．withcomeupwith“提出”，为固定搭配。3．them

介词

of

后需接宾格。4．living

live

与逻辑主语

Tess之间是主动关系，故用此刻分词形式。5．which

此处指引非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，指代物，故用

which。6．completely修饰形容词out-of-date应用副词形式。7．decision

依据不定冠词

a可知此处应用名词形式。8．toput

此处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。9．decorated

decorate这个动作发生在过去，需用过去式。10．finished

finish

与product

之间是被动关系，且动作已经达成，故用过去分词形式。练二

主观题加强增分练

1篇语法填空＋1篇短改＋1篇写作，限时45分钟Ⅰ.语法填空Thereasonwhysomeofusenjoytakingrisksmighthavesomethingtodowithearlyhumans.Risk-takerswerebetterathunting,fightingorexploring.Beingbetteratthosethingsmeanta__1__(great)chanceofsurvival.Asthequalityofrisk-taking__2__(pass)fromonegenerationtothenext,humansendedupwithasenseofadventureandatoleranceforrisk.Youmaywonder__3__notallpeopleenjoytakingrisks.Well,even200,000yearsago,toomuchrisk-takingcouldgetone__4__(kill)．Asaresult,humansdevelopedarangeofcharactertypes__5__stillexisttoday.Somaybeyoulovecarracing,__6__maybeyouhateit.Italldependsonyourcharacter.Nomatterwhereyouareontherisk-seekingrange,scientistssaythatyour__7__(willing)totakerisksincreasesduringyourteenageyears.Thisiswhenyoustarttomoveawayfromyourfamilyandintothebiggerworld.__8__(help)youdothat,yourbrainincreasesyourhungerfornewexperiences.Newexperiencesoftenmean__9__(take)somerisks,soyourbrainraisesyourtoleranceforriskaswell.Asexpertscontinuestudyinghumanbrains,we'llknowmore__10__thescienceofrisk-seeking.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，叙述了人们喜爱冒险的原由和科学依照。1．greater

这里用

great的比较级与句中的

better相响应。2．waspassed

主语“thequalityofrisk-taking”是谓语动词动作

pass的承受者，需用被动语态；这里是描绘过去发生的事，用一般过去时。3．why

本空后的内容解说了为何不是所有的人都喜爱冒险，故用

why

指引宾语从句。4．killed

过去分词

killed

作宾语补足语，宾语

one与宾补动作

kill

之间是动宾关系。5．that/which关系代词that/which指代先行词“arangeofcharactertypes”，指引定语从句，并在从句中作主语。6．or前后两个分句在乎义上是选择关系，故用or连结。7．willingness空格中所填单词前有形容词性物主代词your，且在句中作主语，故用willing的名词形式。8．Tohelp“Tohelpyoudothat”是不定式短语作目的状语。9．takingmeandoingsth.意思是“意味着做某事”。10．aboutknowaboutsth.是习惯搭配，意思是“认识，知道”。Ⅱ.短文改错DearMr.Smith，I'mLiHua,astudentfromHongxingMiddleSchool.Onbehalfofourschool,I'dliketocongratulatingyouonthenewworldrecordyouhaveset.ButI'mdelightedtoinviteyoutogiveaspeechaboutthatyouhaveexperienced.Youareverypopularinourschoolnowandyourstoriespublishinginthenewspapersisagreatencouragementtomanystudents.TheactivitywouldbeheldinourschoolhallonNovember17th,startingwithat3pmandlasting2hours.Theaudiencemayincludeallthestudent,staffandsomeparents.Isincerehopeyoucancomeandmakewonderfulspeech.I'mlookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua答案：第二句：congratulating→congratulate第三句：But→And;that→what第四句：publishing→published;is→are第五句：would→will;去掉with第六句：student→students第七句：sincere→sincerely;make后加aⅢ.书面表达假设你是李华。你将在寒假参加一个名为“英国名校两漫游”的冬令营。请你给昨年回国的外教Bryan写一封电子邮件。内容包含：1．告诉他你的行程；2．请他介绍一些旅行景点；3．希望能见到他。注意：1.词数100左右；2．能够适合增加细节，以使行文连结。参照范文：DearBryan,Howtimeflies!Ithasbeenayearsinceyouwentbackhome.Allofusmissyouverymuch.IamwritingtotellyouaboutmytriptotheUKduringthecomingwintervacation.Iamplanningtojoinatwo-weekprogramtovisitsomefamousuniversitiesintheUK.WearescheduledtostayinLondonfromJanuary28thtoFebruary11th,whenweareorganizedtovisituniversitiessuchasCambridgeandOxford.Couldyourecommendsomemust-seetouristattractionstomesothatIcanlearnmoreabouttheUK?IamwonderingwhetherIcanmeetyouduringmystay.Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemeanearlyreply.Yours,LiHuaUnit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero一、刷黑板——词汇全听写先过识记默写关Ⅰ.阅读词汇(英译汉)[第一屏听写]1．meanadj.小气的；自私的；鄙俗的2．generousadj.大方的；大方的3．easy-goingadj.平和的；平和宽容的4．selfn.自我；自己5．selfishadj.自私的6．selflessadj.无私的；忘我的7．selflesslyadv.无私地；忘我地[第二屏听写]8．invadern．侵略者9．republicn.共和国；共和政体10．principlen.法例；原则；原理11．livelihoodn.生计；糊口12．mankindn.人类13．lawyern.律师14．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的15．feen.费(会费、学费等)；酬金[第三屏听写]16．leaguen．联盟；结盟；联合会17．YouthLeague18．quoten.19．releasevt.20．blanketn.21．terrorn.22．anti-[前缀]23．anti-blackadj.Ⅱ.高频词汇(汉译英)1．qualityn．2．warm-heartedadj.3．activeadj.4．devotevt.5．devotedadj.6．foundvt.7．peacefuladj.8．hopefuladj.9．youthn．10．guidancen.11．stagen.12．votevt.&vi.n.13．attackvt.14．equaladj.15．willingadj.16．unfairadj.17．escapevi.&vt.18．educatevt.19．educatedadj.20．begvi.21．relativen.22．rewardn.

青年团引用语；语录开释；刊行毛毯；毯子恐惧；可怕的人；恐惧时期；恐惧活动反；抗；阻反黑人的[第四屏听写]质量；质量；性质热情肠的踊跃的；活跃的(与to连用)献身；专心于忠实的；深爱的成立；建设和平的；沉静的；平和的怀有希望的；有希望的[第五屏听写]青年；青年时期指导；领导舞台；阶段；时期投票；选举投票；选票；表决攻击；攻击；抨击相等的；相同的愿意的；自发的[第六屏听写]不公正的；不公正的逃脱；逃脱；避开；泄漏教育；训练受过教育的；有修养的恳求；恳求亲戚；家属酬劳；奖金vt.酬金；奖励[第七屏听写]23．sentencevt.裁决；宣判24．presidentn.总统；会长；校长；行长25．opinionn.建议；见解；主张26．violencen.暴力；暴行27．crueltyn.残忍；残忍28．out_of_work失业29．as_a_matter_of_fact事实上[第八屏听写]30．blow_up使充气；爆炸31．in_trouble在危险、受罚、悲伤、忧愁等的处境中32．turn_to求援于；致力于33．lose_heart丧失勇气或信心34．come_to_power当权；登台35．set_up建立；成立36．be_sentenced_to被判处,,(徒刑)二、刷清单——热身自清点再过基本应用关(一)核心单词6.lawyer阅读单词表达单词

1.meanadj.小气的；自私的；鄙俗的2．generousadj.大方的；大方的3．republicn.共和国；共和政体4．principlen.法例；原则；原理5．mankindn.人类1.qualityn．质量；质量；性质2．warm-heartedadj.热情肠的3．foundvt.成立；建设4．hopefuladj.怀有希望的；有希望的5．youthn.青年；青年时期6．votevt.&vi.投票；选举投票；选票；表决7．escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃脱；避开；泄漏8．rewardn.酬劳；奖金vt.酬金；奖励9．presidentn.总统；会长；校长；行长10．opinionn.建议；见解；主张11．stagen.舞台；阶段；时期12．attackvt.攻击；攻击；抨击13．willingadj.愿意的；自发的14．begvi.恳求；恳求

n．律师11.livelihoodn.生计；7．legaladj.糊口法律的；依照12．feen．费(会费、法律的学费等)；酬金8．blanketn.13．leaguen.联盟；毛毯；毯子结盟；联合会9．terrorn.恐14．quoten.引用语；怖；可怕的人；语录恐惧时期；15．releasevt.开释；恐惧活动刊行10．invadern.侵略者[语境活用]1．TsinghuaUniversity,founded(成立)in1911,isoneofthebestuniversitiesinChina.2．Ourcompanyismoreconcernedwithquality(质量)thanquantity.3．Theymanagedtoescape(逃脱)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.4．Thegovernmentrewarded(奖励)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.5．Blackpeoplecouldnotvote(投票)orchoosetheirleaders.6．Wemayhavedifferentopinions(见解)inorganizingclassactivities.7．Chinaisplayinganimportantroleontheinternationalpoliticalstage(舞台)．1.activeadj.踊跃的；活跃的→activelyadv.踊跃地；活跃地→activityn．活动2．devotevt.献身；专心于→devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的→devotionn．关爱；献身；奉献；忠诚3．peacefuladj.和平的；沉静的；平和的→peacefullyadv.和平川→peacen．和平；沉静；友善拓4．guidancen．指导；领导→guidevt.展率领；指引n．导游单5．violencen．暴力；暴行→violentadj.词暴力的；剧烈的→violentlyadv.剧烈地；强烈地6．equaladj.相等的；相同的→equalityn．相同；相等→equallyadv.相同地；相等地；公正地7．educatevt.教育；训练→educatedadj.受过教育的；有修养的→educationn．教育→educatorn．教育工作者；教育家

[语境活用]1．Inordertogiveheragoodeducation,_herparentssenthertoafamousschooltobeeducated.(educate)2．Chinaisknowntobeapeacefulcountry.It'sbeenamodelofpeaceintheworld.(peace)3．Bethune,adevotedfriendofChinese,devotedhislifetohelpingChinese.Ireallyrespecthisdevotiontomedicalwork.(devote)4．Allmenarebornequal,_soeveryonehopestobetreatedequallybecauseequalityisthebasicdemand.(equal)5．Hecriticizedviolentlythatthegovernmentdidlittletostoptheviolenceinthecountry.(violent)(二)常用短语写准记牢1.out_of_work失业2．as_a_matter_of_fact事实上3．blow_up使充气；爆炸4．in_trouble在危险、受罚、悲伤、忧愁等的处境中5．turn_to求援于；致力于6．lose_heart丧失勇气或信心7．come_to_power当权；登台8．set_up建立；成立9．be_sentenced_to被判处,,(徒刑)10．be_willing_to_do_sth._愿意做某事11．be_in_prison蹲牢狱

语境活用(采用左栏短语填空)1.Manyuniversitystudentsdreamofsetting_uptheirowncompaniesaftergraduating.2．Don'tlose_heart!Tryagainandyouwillgetwhatyouwant.3．Acc