2022年湖南省岳阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)

2022年湖南省岳阳市大学英语6级大学英语六级真题(含答案)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20题)1.

Theauthorfindsthatifheworksmorethan45hoursaweekattheoffice,hisproductivity______.

2.

Theright-handcontroloftheMollerSkycarisusedtocontrolthevehicle'smovingpath,velocityandbreaks.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.GMOrganisms

Byfarthemostcommongeneticallymodified(GM)organismsarecropplants.Butthetechnologyhasnowbeenappliedtoalmostallformsoflife,form.petsthatglowunderUVlighttobacteriawhichfromHIV-blocking"livingcondoms"andfrompigsbearingspinach(菠菜)genestogoatsthatproducespidersilk.

GMtomatoesfirstappearedonBritishsupermarketshelvesin1996(adifferentfreshGMtomatofirstappearedintheUSin1994),butthattheconsumerswereinfavorofGMtechnologydidnoteruptuntilFebruary1999.ThiswasbecauseacontroversialstudysuggestedthatafewstrainsofGMpotatoesmightbetoxictolaboratoryrats.Thoseexperiments,subsequentlycriticizedbyotherexperts,werecarriedoutinScotlandbybiochemistArpadPustzai.

WhatfollowedwasaEuropeananti-GMfoodcampaignofnearreligiousfervor.SpearheadedintheUKbyenvironmentalgroupsandsomenewspapers,thecampaignwouldhavefar-reachingconsequences.Itculminatedinanunofficialmoratorium(延期付款)onthegrowthandimportofGMcropsinEuropeandledtoatradedisputewiththeUS.

GMcropsaretodayveryrareinEurope,strictlabelinglawsandregulationsareinplaceforfood(DNV=Abarcodes),andpublicopiniontowardsthetechnologyremainslargelynegative.SeveralUKgovernmentreportshaveofferedqualifiedsupportforGMcropsandproduce,thoughtheyarguethattheeconomicbenefitsofthetechnologyarecurrentlysmall.SomeAfricannationshavealsoopposedengineeredcrops,eventothepointofrejectinginternationalfoodaidcontainingthem.

GMproducehasbeentakenupwithfarlessfussintheUS(whereitdoesnothavetobelabeled),India,China,Canada,Argentina,Australiaandelsewhere.HowevercontroversyoveratypeofGMcorn--onlyapprovedforanimalfeed--whichturnedupintacoshellsandotherproductsstirredopinionintheUS.

BiotechRevolution

Thehumanracehasmethodicallyimprovedcropplantsthroughselectivebreedingformanythousandsofyears,butgeneticengineeringallowsthattime-consumingprocesstobeacceleratedandexotictraitsfromunrelatedspeciestobeintroduced.Butnoteveryoneagreesthisrepresentsprogress.

Therootofgeneticengineeringincropsliesinthe1997discoverythatsoilbugAgrobacteriumTumefacienscanbeusedasatooltoinjectpotentiallyusefulforeigngenesintoplants.Withthehelpofthatmicrobe,andothergene-implantationtechnologiessuchasgeneguns,geneticistshavedevelopedamultitudeofnewcroptypes.

Mostofthesearemodifiedtopest,diseaseorherbicideresistantandinclude:soya,wheat,corn(maize),oilseedrape(canola),cotton,sugarbeet,walnuts,potatoes,peanuts,squashes,tomatoes,tobacco,peas,sweetpeppers,lettuceandonions,amongothers.ThebacterialgeneBtisoneofthemostcommonlyinserted.Itproducesaninsecticidaltoxinthatisharmlesstopeople.

SupportersofGMtechnologyarguethatengineeredcrops--suchasvitaminA-boostedgoldenriceorprotein-enhancedpotatoes--canimprovenutrition,thatdrought--orsalt-resistantvarietiescanflourishinpoorconditionsandpreventworldhunger,andthatinsect-repellingcropsprotecttheenvironmentbyminimizingpesticideuse.

Otherplantshavebeenengineeredtoimproveflavour,increaseshelflife,increasehardinessandtobeallergen-free.Geneticistshaveevencreatedano-tearsoniontobanishculinary(厨房的)crying,andnovelcaffeine-freecoffeeplants.

"Frankenfood"Fears

Criticsfearthatwhattheycall"Frankensteinfoods"couldhaveunforeseen,adversehealtheffectsonconsumers,producingtoxicproteins(andallergens)ortransferringantibiotic-resistanceandothergenestohumangutbacteriatodamagingeffect.Buttherehasbeenlittleevidence

A.YB.NC.NG

4.

Ifmanypeoplehavedemandforthenetworkatthesametime,thedatacommunicationwillbedifficultevenwith4Gtechnology.

5.Algaeundernormalconditionsinrivers______.

A.consumetheavailablenutrients

B.maketheoxygenbalance

C.forceotherorganismsoutofrivers

D.overgrowanddie

6.

Theblack/whitetrickcanprovidepeoplewithmorethantwochoicesfortheirargument.

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

DuringtheCaliforniaGoldRush,restaurantandlaundrywereregardedas______.

A.unprofitablework

B.comfortablework

C.woman'swork

D.Chinesework

8.

Hayhasfoundthatboth______andsocialfactorscombinetoputtwinsatadisadvantage.

9.Thatriversareusedasopensewersforcitywastescauses______andeutrophication.

10.

YoucangetafreecopyoftheSeptemberissueifyou______.

11.

Somemiddle-agedpeopletendtosufferfromBiochemicaldepressionwhichmightresultfrom______withinthebrain.

12.Theonlyproblemthestudentsarefacingatgraduationisthedismaljobmarket.

13.

Inourworld,anystoryofthiskindmakespeople______.

14.

Airconditioning,especiallyheatinginwintercouldreallymakeusgainweight.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Whytheforeignteachersucceededingettingpaidwasduetothesituationinwhichthenumberofforeignteachers______ofsomanydesperateschools.

16.

ThestatisticreleasedbytheAlliancetoSaveEnergyin2004showedthathybriddriversspentmuchlessmoneyonfuelthanSUVdrivers.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

Interestinenhancingself-esteemasapathtosuccessgotunderwayafter______.

A.therealizationoftheimportanceofself-esteem

B.theeducationalreform.in1960's

C.theadventoftheself-actualizationtheories

D.theeducators'commentofself-esteem

18.

Doingmorephysicalexercisehelpsconsumeextracaloriesandstayfit.

A.YB.NC.NG

19.Evenifthecompanyoverallcannotpassthe12-questiontest,______maypassit.

20.

Fullerwon______in19

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20题)21.听力原文：Nolivingcreature,plantoranimal,canexistincompleteisolation.Ananimalisboundtodependonotherlivingcreatures,ultimatelyplants,foritsfoodsupply;itmustalsodependupontheactivitiesofplantsforacontinuedoxygensupplyforitsrespiration.Apartfromthesetwobasicrelationships,itmaybeaffecteddirectlyorindirectlyincountlessdifferentwaysbyotherplantsandanimalsaroundit.Otheranimalspreyonitorcompetewithitforthesamefood;plantsmayprovideshelter,concealmentornestingmaterial,andsoon.Similarly,theanimalwillproduceitsowneffectsonthesurroundingplantsandanimals:someitmaycatordestroy,forothersitwillprovidefood;andthroughitscontributionofmanureitmayinfluencethetextureandfertilityofthesoil.

Thisdependenceonotherlivingthingsisnotconfinedtoanimals.Thoughplantsmanufacturetheirownfood,theyaredependentonanimalrespirationforatleastapartofthecarbondioxidewhichtheyuseasrawmaterialinthisprocess.Moreover,despitetheapparentlypeacefulrelationshipsinplantcommunities,thereisintensecompetitiongoingonforwater,nutrientsalts,andaboveall,forlight.

Thewholecomplexoftheplantsandanimalsformingacommunity,togetherwithalltheinteractionphysicalfactorsoftheenvironment,reallyformsasingleunit,whichhasbeencalledanecosystem.Itwillbeseenthatthefinalaimofecology--thecompleteunderstandingofecosystems--isanidealonewecanscarcelyhopetoattain.Itisneverthelessanidealwellworthpursuingandvaluableprogresshasbeenmadetowardsit.

(33)

A.Theyeatordestroyplants.

B.Theyprovideplantswithcontinuedoxygensupply.

C.Theirmanureiseatenbyplants.

D.Theirmanureimprovesthequalityofsoilwhichplantsliveon.

22.(26)

A.4.B.Morethan4.C.14.D.40.

23.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Wecanexperiencestressanytimewefeelwedon'thave【B1】______.Itcancomefromafeelingthatwecan'tdoanythingabout.Basically,itisthebody'swayofshowingworryor【B2】______.

Stressisnotjustcausedbyourmentalor【B3】______condition,itisalso【B4】______byhowtiredweare,whetherwehavea【B5】______dietwithenoughvitaminsandminerals,whetherwegetenoughphysicalexercise,andwhetherwecan【B6】______.

Ifwefeelstressed,thereareseveralthingsthatwecando.First,weneedtolearnhowtorelaxandbreatheslowlyand【B7】______.

Wecanalsotakesometimeoutofourworried,busy【B8】______tonoticethesmallthingsinlife.Smelltheair,lookattheflowers,noticethesmalldesignsintheleavesonatree--【B9】______Weneedtotakecareofourbodies.【B10】______.

Finally,weneedtofindwhatiscausingthestressinourlives.Oncewehavefoundit,weneedtobegintochangethatpartofourlives.【B11】______.

【B1】

24.听力原文：W:Interestedinthisbook?Thisisourbestsellerthisweek.

M:Bestseller?Iamconsideringwhatnewideasitgivesabouthowtodealwiththeaggravatingpeople.

W:Itaskspeopletoquitcomplaininganddosomething.Whatsurprisesmanypeopleaboutthisbookisitsuggeststhatthebestthingtodoistochangeyourselfbecauseyouamnotgoingtochangetheotherperson.

M:Really?It's"me"thathastochangeasopposedtotheotherperson?

W:Well,haveyoueverchangedanybody?

M:I'vetriedmanytimes.It'snotreallypossiblethough.

W:That'sright.

M:ButhowcanIdothat?

W:Thebookishere.Bringitbackhomeandreaditandyoucanfindtheanswer.

M:BeforeIpaymymoneyIshouldbeclearthatthisbookisusefulforme.Idon'twanttopayforitandthenfindIhavepaidfornothing.

W:Thisbookisdefinitelyworththemoney.Thebookeventellsyouhowtodealwithdifferenttypesofworkers,coworkersandbosses,fromthemostcommonannoyingtypetotheworstkind.

M:Givemethemostcommonannoyingtypeofcoworker.

W:Themostcommonannoyingtypeofcoworkersiscalled"boundarybusters".So,it'ssomeonewhoinvadesyourspace,makestoomuchnoise,eatsupyourtimeorchewsyourearoff.Theyareboundarybusters.

M:AndhowdoIdealwiththem?

W:Again,sir,thebookishere.Bringitbackandreadfortheanswer.

M:Itseemsyouknowalotaboutthisbook.CanIdrawtheconclusionthatyoufancyit?

W:Well,frankly,Iamtheauthor.

(23)

A.Manyofherbooksarebestsellers.

B.Sheisashrewdbookstoreowner.

C.Sheispromotingherbookinperson.

D.Sheisasalespersonatthebookstore.

25.听力原文：W：I'msofrustrated.TheFinancialAidOfficeisgivingmearealrunaround.Theysentmefromofficetooffice,butnoonecallgivemetherightanswers.

M：Icanunderstandyou.EachtimeIgotoapplyforanextensionofmystudentvisa,theyjustgivemearunaround,too.

Q：Whatisthewomandoing?

(17)

A.Sheisapplyingforastudentvisa.

B.Sheisapplyingforfinancialaid.

C.Sheisrunningaroundtheoffice.

D.Sheisofferingthemanadvice.

26.(31)

A.Theyneednewmaterialsmadefromgarbage.

B.Thegarbagemakestheirenvironmentmoreandmoredirty.

C.Theirtraditionalwaysofdealingwithwastesarenotefficient.

D.Theyfindsomematerialsuseful.

27.(21)

A.Heworkedthereasaguide.

B.Hereadaboutit.

C.Hehadjustvisitedit.

D.Heinterviewedthesculptor.

28.(44)

29.听力原文：M:So,whatdoyoumeanwehavealottotalkaboutmyson?Whatistheproblemwithhim?

W:Oh,Iamafraidyoudidn'tknowhehadmadeupallsortsofreasonstoskipschoolrecently.

Q:Whataretheygoingtotalkabout?

(18)

A.Themanneedstotalktohissonmore.

B.Theman'ssonbehavedbadlyinschool.

C.Thewomanhaslotsofreasontoexpeltheman'sson.

D.Themanalwaysshowslesscaretohisson.

30.(39)

31.听力原文：W:Ican'tdecidewhethertobuyanewcarortrytofindasecond-handone.

M:Ifyoubuyanewone,you'llprobablysavemoneyinthelongrun.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggesttothewoman?

(15)

A.Tosavethemoneyforalongtime.

B.Tobuyanewcar.

C.Topurchaseausedcar.

D.Togetasecondcar.

32.(32)

A.Theywilltakeoneofthesixmajortests.

B.Theywillbegivenapoptest.

C.Theywillberequiredtoreadashortstoryinclass.

D.Theywillhavetowriteacomposition.

33.(13)

A.Asnowstorm.

B.Anearthquake.

C.Atrafficaccident.

D.Ahurricane.

34.(14)

A.Anagent.B.Atenant.C.Asecretary.D.Alandlord.

35.(28)

A.TheDailyStar.

B.TheTimes.

C.TheDailyTelegraph.

D.TheDailyMirror.

36.(18)

A.Itwouldbebesttohiresomeonetodothework.

B.Theyshouldforgetaboutthework.

C.Theyshouldputitofftilltomorrow.

D.Theyshoulddothejobtogether.

37.(24)

A.HewashousedbyEmmaThompsonfiveyearsago.

B.HehasgraduatedfromanEnglanduniversity.

C.HehasbecomeaBritishcitizen.

D.Hewillbe15yearsoldinApril.

38.听力原文：M:Ireallyenjoyedthatpieceyoujustplayedonthepiano.Ibetyougetalotofrequestsforit.

W:Peoplejustcan'tgetenoughofit.Youknow,thatisthethingthesedays.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(19)

A.Peopleoftenaskhertoplaythesong.

B.Shehasn'tbeenplayingthepianolong.

C.Shedoesn'tknowthesongwellenoughtoplayit.

D.Notmanypeopleknowthesong.

39.(29)

A.CanteensinLondon.

B.Placesforeating.

C.Employees'lunchinLondon.

D.ServicesinLondon.

40.

【B4】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20题)41.WhichstatementisTRUEaboutpopulationincrease?

A.Theremightbeanincreaseof2.2billionpersonsfrom1975totheyear2000.

B.About50,000babiesarebornannuallyatpresent.

C.Between8000B.C.andthepresent,thepopulationincreaseisabout80,000,000personseachyear.

D.Thepopulationincreasedfasterbetween8000B.C.and1650thanbetween1650andthepresent.

42.

Thereasonwhy1994wasexceptionalisthat______.

A.issawanunusuallylargenumberoftouriststotheUS

B.itwitnessedadropinthenumberoftouriststotheUS

C.tourismwashardlyaffectedbytheweakeningoftheUSdollarthatyear

D.TouristscametotheUSforsightseeingratherthanforbargainsyear

43.Overthelastdecade,demandforthemostcommoncosmeticsurgeryprocedures,likebreastenlargementsandnosejobs,hasincreasedbymomthan400percent.AccordingtoDrDaiDavies,ofthePlasticSurgeryPartnershipinHammersmith,themajorityofcosmeticsurgeryfantasticlengthstoimprovetheirappearanceflyadesiretolooknormal."Whatweallcraveistolooknormal,andnormaliswhatisprescribedbyadvertisingmediaandotherexternalpressures.Theygiveusaperceptionofwhatisphysicallyacceptableandwefeelwemustlooklikethat."

InAmerica,thedebateisnolongeraboutwhethersurgeryisnormal;rather,itcantersonwhatagepeopleshouldbebeforegoingundertheknife.NewYorksurgeonDrGerardImberrecommends"maintenance"workforpeopleintheirthirties."Theideaofwaitinguntiloneneedsaheroictransformationissilly,"hesays."Bythen,you'vewasted20greatyearsofyourlifeandallowedthingstogetoutofhand."DrImberdrawsthelineatoperatingonpeoplewhoareunder18,however."Itseemsthatsomeonewedon'tconsideroldenoughtoorderadrinkshouldn'tbeconsideringplasticsurgery."

IntheUKcosmeticsurgeryhaslongbeenseenastheexclusivedomainoftheveryrichandfamous.Buttheproportionatecostoftreatmenthasfallensubstantially,bringingallbutthemostadvancedlasertechnologywithinthereachofmostpeople.DrDavies,Whoclaimsto"caterfortheaverageperson",agrees.Hesays,"Itreatafewoftherichandfamousandanawfullotofsecretaries.Ofcourse,￡3,000foranoperationisalotofmoney.Butitisalsoaninvestmentforlifewhichcostsabouthalfthepriceofagoodfamilyholiday."

DrDaviessuspectsthattheincreasingsophisticationofthefatinjectingandremovaltechniquesthatallowpatientstogotreatedwithalocalanestheticinanafternoonhasalsohelpedpromotethepopularityofcosmeticsurgery.Yet,asonewomanwhorecentlypaid￡2,500forliposuction(吸脂)toremovecellulite(脂肪团)fromherthighsadmitted,theslopetobecomingacosmeticsurgeryveteranisadeceptivelygentleone."Ihadmylegsdonebecausethey'dbeenbuggingmeforyears.Butgoingintotheclinicwassolowkey(低调的,不声张的)andeffectiveitwhettedmyappetite.NowIdon'tthinkthere'sanyoperationthatIwouldruleouthavingincouldaffordit."

AccordingtoDr.DaiDavies(Para.1),whichofthefollowingpersonsistypicalofthosewhowantcosmeticsurgery?

A.Amanwithanextremelylargenose

B.Amanwhohasasmallspeckleonhisface

C.AwomanwhowantstolooklikeModanna

D.Awomanwhowantstolookthemostbeautifulpersonintheworld

44.

Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Themineralelementswillnotbeabsorbedbytheplantunlesstheyaredissolvedinitsroot.

B.Thestemscontainmorewaterthantheleaves.

C.Airaroundtheleafisfoundtobesaturated.

D.Partofthecarbondioxideintheplantsissynthesized.

45.

ClintonmadefriendswithRobertReichwhenhewasstudyat______.

46.

WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaboutCoke'ssponsorshipoffootballteams?

A.ExecutivesofCokedon'tworryaboutthelossofNFLsponsorship.

B.Cokeattachesmuchimportancetothesponsorshipofthelocalteams.

C.CokehastriedtoregainitssharebytyingitselftotheNHLfromthetopdown.

D.ExecutivesofCokethinkthatthevalueofNFLsponsorshipisfarbeyonditscost.

47.

Encouragingoldladlestocrossthestreetwheneverandwherevertheywanttoisatypicalexampleof______.

48.

Accordingtothewriter,whatisthecorrectattitudetotreatothers?

49.

Inthispassagetheauthorreallyconcerns______.

A.theethicalbehavior.weneedintheworld

B.thenecessityofensuringthetrafficsafety

C.therelationbetweentrafficaccidentsandethics

D.whoshouldtaketheresponsibilityforunsafetraffic

50.

Theauthor'stoneinthispassageis______.

A.sympatheticB.doubtfulC.criticalD.objective

51.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Iwillnowteach,offeringmywayoflifetowhomeverdesirestocommitsuicidebytheschemewhichhasenablemetobethedoctorandthehangmanforseventyyears.Someofthedetailsmaysounduntrue,buttheyarenot.Iamnotheretodeceive;Iamheretoteach.

Wehavenopermanenthabitsuntilweareforty.Thentheybegintoharden,presentlytheypetrify,thenbusinessbegins.SincefortyIhavebeenregularaboutgoingtobedandgettingup--andthatisoneofthemainthings.IhavemadeitaruletogotobedwhenIhadto.Thishasresultedinanunswerving(不改变的)regularityofirregularity.Ithassavedmesound,butitwouldinjureanotherperson.

Inthematterofdiet--whichisanothermainthingIhavebeenpersistentlystrictinstickingtothethingswhichdidn'tagreewithmeuntiloneortheotherofusgotthebestofit.UntillatelyIgotthebestofitmyself.ButlastspringIstoppedfrolickingwithmincepieaftermidnight,uptothenIhadalwaysbelieveditwasn'tloaded.ForthirtyyearsIhavetakencoffeeandbreadateightinthemorning,andnobitenorsupuntilseven-thirtyintheevening.Elevenhours.Thatisallfightforme,andiswholesome,becauseIhaveneverhadaheadacheinmylife,butheadachepeoplewouldnotreachseventycomfortablybythatroad,andtheywouldbefoolishtotryit.AndIwishtourgeuponyouthis--whichIthinkiswisdom-thatifyoufindyoucan'tmakeseventybyanybutanuncomfortableroad,don'tyougo.WhentheytakeoffthePullmanandretireyoutotherancidsmoker,putonyourthings,countyourchecksandgetoutatthefirstwaystationwherethere'sacemetery.

Ihavemadearulenevertosmokemorethanonecigaratatime.Ihavenootherrestrictioninregardtosmoking.Idon'tknowjustwhenIbegantosmoke;Ionlyknowthatitwasinmyfather'slifetime,andthatIwasdiscreet.Hepassedfromthislifeearlyin1847,whenIwasashadepasteleven;eversincethenIhavesmokedpublicly.Asanexampletoothers,andnotthatIcareformoderationmyself,ithasalwaysbeenmyrolenevertosmokewhenasleep,andnevertorefrainwhenawake.ThishabitissooldanddearandprecioustomethatIwouldfeelasyouwouldfeelifyoushouldlosetheonlymoralyou'vegot.Itisagoodrule.Imean,forme;butsomeofyouknowquitewellthatitwouldn'tanswerforeverybodythat'stryingtogettobeseventy.

Theauthor'stoneinthispassageis______.

A.solemnB.gayC.ironicD.objective

52.

Stanleythoughtthat______wastoblameforthecities'collapseinthemiddleoftheeighthcenturyA.D.

53.

【C6】

54.

Theselectionisprimarilyconcernedwith______.

A.wildlifeofallkindsreturningtolargecitiestolive

B.falconsinNewYork,Baltimore,Philadelphia,andNorfolk

C.moosestumblingintoplate-glassstorefronts

D.foxesreturningtoLondon

55.

ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5that______.

A.it'soutofFiat'scapabilitytosortoutthemessinmostanalysts'eyes

B.GMisdesperatetotakeoverFiatAutoassoonaspossible

C.GMwilltakeoverFiatAutoafterriddingitsownproblemsinEurope

D.it'suptoGianniAgnellitodecidewhetherGMwillmergetheFiatAuto

56.Whydoestheauthorsaythatstringandtinfoilaretreasures?

A.Thewarhasmadethemscarce.

B.Theyareusefultosixteen-year-olds.

C.Helikedthemwhenhewassixteen.

D.Peopleareverywasteful.

57.

Allofthefollowingaspectsofbackpackingarediscussedinthepassageexcept______.

A.wearingseverallayersofclothing

B.gettingmaximumusefromyourpackmaterial

C.improvingthewarmthofyoursleep

D.forecastingtheweather

58.

Thepassagesuggeststhat______.

A.nitinolisanorganicmetal

B.nitinolisstrongerthananymetal

C.nitinol'ssensitivitytotemperaturechangesmakesitimpracticalformostuses

D.nitinolisbetterthanstainlesssteelinjobsthatrequireconstantstressonthemetal

59.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Scientistshaveknownfordecadesthatcoffeebeanscontainoil.Mohapatraandcolleagues,however,werethefirsttoanalyzecoffeegrounds.

Usedgroundsusuallyendupinlandfills,thoughgardenerssometimesusethemasakindoffertilizer.ThescientistscollectedusedgroundsfromStarbucks,whichgivesbagsofgroundsawayaspartofthecompany's"Groundsforyourgarden"program.

Topreparethegroundsforanalysis,theteamfirstdriedtheminanoven.Theymixedtheresultingpowderwithacombinationofsolvents(溶剂)thatcausedtheoiltoseparatefromthesolution.Theyextractedtheoil,savingthesolventsforthenextroundofprocessing.Theremainscouldstillbeusedascompost,ethanolfeedstock,andfuelpellets.

"We'renotwastinganything,"MohapatratoldDiscoveryNews."It'sarecyclingprocess."

Thestudyshowedthatusedgroundscontainabout15percentoilbyweight,dependingonthetypeofcoffee.That'snottoofarofftheproportionsinsoybean,rapeseed,andpalmoils,whicharealsousedassourcesforbio-diesel.Andcoffeeoilismorestablethantheseothersourcesbecauseofitshighantioxidantcontent,foundthestudy,whichappearedinDecemberintheAmericanChemicalSociety'sJournalofAgriculturalandFoodChemistry.

Aroundtheworld,growersproducemorethan16billionpoundsofcoffeeeachyear,accordingtotheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture.Thescientistsestimatethatspentgroundscouldadd340milliongallonsofbio-dieseltotheglobalfuelsupply.

Mohapatrapicturesastreamlinedcoffeerecyclingsystem,inwhichthesametrucksthatdeliverbeanstoStarbuckscouldpickupthebrewedwasteandheadtoabio-dieselplant.Theplantwouldbecloseby,tosaveontransportationcostsandemissions.

Coffeegroundsappeartoproducehigh-qualityoil,grantedRobertMcCormick,anengineeratTheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratoryinGolden,Colorado.But,hesaid,coffeeprobablywon'tbeapracticalsolutiontotheworld'senergyneeds.

Foronething,thecountry'smainsourcesofbio-diesel-cookingoilandanimalfat-are100percentoil,comparedtocoffee's15percent.Andevenwhenacafebrewsalargeamountofcoffee,relativelyfewgroundsareleftbehind.Ittakes50gallonsofspentgroundstoproducejust1gallonofoil,Mohapatrasaid.

Still,McCormickcommendstheresearchersforthinkingoutsidetheboxabouttheworld'senergyissues.

"Anythingthattakesawasteproductandmakesafueloutofitisreallyapositive,"hesaid."Thisisprettycool."

Withthe"Groundsforyourgarden"program,Starbucksencouragespeopletousecoffeegroundsas______.

60.

______seemstogiveagoodexplanationtonaturaldisasters.

四、5.ErrorCorrection(5题)61.【S7】

62.

【S6】

63.

【S4】

64.

【S9】

65.Ourknowledgeaboutthehealthoflivingdolphin

populationsissadlyincomplete.Thegravedangeris

thatsomeuniqueandfascinateddolphinspecieswill【S1】______

begone.Urgentactionisneededtoavoidthedeathsof

hundredsofthousandsofdolphinsthataccidentally【S2】______

killedeveryyear.Someyears,thefigurehassurpassed

halfamillionworldwide—allbecauseofhuman

activities.Thisismorethan10timethenumberoflarge【S3】______

whalesthatwereslaughteredintheearly1930s,the

worstyearsofwhaling.

Dolphinsmaybedyingbecauseofpollution

fromdumpingatsea,oilspillsandfarmpesticidesand

otherchemicalrunoffthatenterstherivers,particularly【S4】______

intheMediterraneanandofftheeastcoastoftheUnited

States.Forsomecases,foodpoisonin