2015届钻石卡学员专题训练课程讲义英语一

二、难点.................................................................................................................................三、考点突 四、实 2041、阅读开局，把握；1分2、直奔句子，拆分结构；303、确定词义，分译部分；1.54、调整语序，组合译文；15、书写译文，检查核对。11：(2012-46)Inphysicsoneapproachtakesthisimpulseforunificationtoitsextreme,…例2：(2012-47)Here,Darwinismseemstoofferjustification,…3：(2012-48)filteroutwhatisuniquefromwhatisshared…4：distinctly…therearetwodistinctlyseparateandincreasinglyhostile…makesthisstudyauniqueanddistinctlyimportantsocialScientistsjumpedtotherescuewithsomedistinctlyshakyevidence 形容词短 thesongspopularin介词短 theloveinmy不定式短 theabilitytomodifythe分词短 thecuteboywearingblue定语从 名词+that/which/who/when/where/why等引导的从同位语从 抽象名词+that/whether等引导的从1：(2008-46)hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.2(2012-49)Thesecond,byJoshuaGreenberg,takesamoreempiricalapproachtouniversality,identifyingtraits(particularlyinwordorder)sharedbymanylanguages,whichareconsideredtorepresentbiasesthatresultfromcognitiveconstraints1以避免插入语句子结构。例：Ittendstoignore,andthuseventuallytoeliminate,manyelementsinthelandcommunity…例：(2010-47)butwehaveatleastdrawnnearerthepointofadmittingthatbirdsshouldcontinuesurvivalasamatterofintrinsicright,regardlessofthepresenceorabsenceofeconomicadvantagetous.例：(2007-47)Ontheotheritlinkstheseconceptstoeverydayrealitiesinamannerwhichisparalleltothelinksjournalistsforgeonadailybasisastheycoverandcommentonthe1：(2007-48)Buttheidearestsonanunderstandingoftheestablishedconventionsandspecialresponsibilitiesofthenewsmedia.2：(2008-46)hebelievesthatthisverydifficultymayhavehadthecompensatingadvantageofforcinghimtothinklongandintentlyabouteverysentence,andthusenablinghimtodetecterrorsinreasoningandinhisownobservations.3：(2011-48)Thisseemsajustificationforneglectofthoseinneed,andarationalizationofexploitation,ofthesuperiorityofthoseatthetopandtheinferiorityofthoseatthebottom.1、强调句型：Itis…that/who2、itItisobviousthatItisgenerallyrecognizedthatItisafactthatItoccurstomethatItstrikesmethatIthasturnedoutthatItiseasytoignorethatItispreferableforjournaliststodo21：(2009-47)Onlygraduallywastheby-productoftheinstitutionnoted,andonlymoregradually...2：(1998-75)Oddthoughitsounds,cosmicinflation3：Poweringthegreatongoingchangesofourtimeistheriseofhumancreativityasthedefiningfeatureofeconomiclife.

四、实2013Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegments YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10Itisspeculatedthatgardensarisefromabasicneedintheindividualswhomadethem:theneedforcreativeexpression.Thereisnodoubtthatgardensevidenceanirrepressibleurgetocreate,express,fashion,andbeautifyandthatself-expressionisabasichumanurge;(46)yetwhenonelooksatthephotographsofthegardencreatedbythehomeless,itstrikesonethat,foralltheirdiversityofstyles,thesegardensspeakofvariousotherfundamentalurges,beyondthatofdecorationandcreativeexpression.Oneoftheseurgeshastodowithcreatingastateofpeaceinthemidstofturbulence,a“stillpointoftheturningworld,”toborrowaphrasefromT.S.Eliot.(47)Asacredceofpeace,howevercrudeitmaybe,isadistinctlyhumanneed,asopposedtoshelter,whichisadistinctlyanimalneed.Thisdistinctionissomuchsothatwherethelatterislacking,asitisfortheseunlikelygardens,theformer esallthemoreurgent.Composureisastateofmindmadepossiblebythestructuringofone’srelationtoone’senvironment.(48)Thegardensofthehomeless,whichareineffecthomelessgardens,introduceformintoanurbanenvironmentwhereiteitherdidn’texistorwasnotdiscernibleassuch.Insongtheygivecomposuretoasegmentoftheinarticulateenvironmentinwhichtheytaketheirstand.Anotherurgeorneedthatthesegardensappeartorespondto,ortoarisefrom,issointrinsicthatwearebarelyeverconsciousofitsabidingclaimsonus.Whenwearedeprivedofgreen,ofnts,oftrees,(49)mostofusgiveintoademoralizationofspiritwhichweusuallyblameonsomepsychologicalconditions,untilonedaywefindourselvesinagardenandfeeltheoppressionvanishasifbymagic.InmostofthehomelessgardensofNewYorkCitytheactualcultivationofntsisunfeasible,yetevensothecompositionsoftenseemtorepresentattemptstocallforththespiritofntandanimallife,ifonlysymbolically,throughaclumplikearrangementofmaterials,anintroductionofcolors,smallpoolsofwater,andafrequentpresenceofpetalsorleavesaswellasofstuffedanimals.Ondisyherearevariousfantasyelementswhosereference,atsomebasiclevel,seemstobethenaturalworld.(50)Itisthisimplicitorexplicitreferencetonaturethatfullyjustifiestheuseofthewordgarden,thoughina“liberated”sense,todescribethesesyntheticconstructions.Inthemwecanseebiophilia—ayearningforcontactwithnonhumanlife－assuminguncannyrepresentational2014ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoYourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.(10Musicmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeopleandsometimesevendifferentthingstothe atdifferentmomentsofhislife.Itmightbepoetic,philosophical, ,ormathematical,butinanycaseitmust,inmyview,havesomethingtodowiththesoulofthehumanbeing.Henceitismetaphysical;butthemeansofexpressionispurelyandexclusivelyphysical:sound.Ibelieveitispreciselythispermanentcoexistenceofmetaphysicalmessagethroughphysicalmeansthatisthestrengthofmusic.(46)Itisalsothereasonwhywhenwetrytodescribemusicwithwords,allwecandoisarticulateourreactionstoit,andnotgraspmusicBeethoven’simportanceinmusichasbeenprincipallydefinedbytherevolutionarynatureofhiscompositions.Hedmusicfromhithertoprevailingconventionsofharmonyandstructure.SometimesIfeelinhislateworksawilltobreakallsignsofcontinuity.Themusicisabruptandseeminglydisconnected,asinthelastpianosonata.Inmusicalexpression,hedidnotfeelrestrainedbytheweightofconvention.(47)Byallaccountshewasathinking andacourageousone,andIfindcourageanessentialqualityfortheunderstanding,letalonetheperformance,ofhisworks.Thiscourageousattitudeinfact esarequirementfortheperformersofBeethoven’smusic.Hiscompositionsdemandtheperformertoshowcourage,forexampleintheuseofdynamics.(48)Beethoven’shabitofincreasingthevolumewithanintenseintensityandthenabruptlyfollowingitwithasuddensoftpassagewasonlyrarelyusedbycomposersbeforehim.Beethovenwasadeeplypoliticalmaninthebroadestsenseoftheword.Hewasnotinterestedindailypolitics,butconcernedwithquestionsofmoralbehaviorandthelargerquestionsofrightandwrongaffectingtheentiresociety.(49)Especiallysignificantwashisviewofdom,which,forhim,wasassociatedwiththerightsandresponsibilitiesoftheindividual:headvocateddomofthoughtandof alexpression.Beethoven’smusictendstomovefromchaostoorderasiforderwereanimperativeofhumanexistence.Forhim,orderdoesnotresultfromforgettingorignoringthedisordersthatourexistence;orderisanecessarydevelopment,animprovementthatmayleadtotheGreekidealofspiritualelevation.ItisnotbychancethattheFuneralMarchisnotthelastmovementoftheEroicaSymphony,butthesecond,sothatsufferingdoesnothavethelast(50)OnecouldinterpretmuchoftheworkofBeethovenbysayingthatsufferingis4butthecouragetofightitrenderslifeworth事物：①事物信息介绍②特征③感谢：有求于人——礼貌谢/再次感歉意：礼貌道歉（eg.辞职）希望/期盼(通用)Isincerelyhopethat….Iamlookingforwardtoyour祝福（熟人1、YouareastudentofBeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversity.WriteanapplicationlettertogetascholarshipforyourgraduatestudyinauniversityinAmerica.6DearSirorIamapostgraduatestudentinBeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversity,andIwouldliketoapplyforascholarshipthatyouruniversityofferstostudentsfromothercountries.ImajorinmicroeconomicsandIhaveengagedinseveralnationalprojectswithmytutorandalsoenjoyanexcellentacademicperformanceinmyuniversity.Besides,Ioftenparticipateincampusactivities,suchascharitysales,ngvolunteerwork,takingEnglishspeechcontestandsoon.Alltheseactivitiescanpromotethegrowthofimportantcommunicationandthinkingskillsandmakeiteasyformetodevelopthekindofabilitiesthatwillbeneededformyfurtherstudy.Iwishtofurtherstudyinyouruniversityforamasterdegree,asyouruniversityiswell-knowninthisfield.Butmyfamilycannotaffordthetuitionfeethere,soascholarshipisdistinctlyimportantforme.Enclosedintheenvelopearemyresumeandscorereports.Iappreciatealotandlookforwardtoyourfavorablereply.2、

LiAspartofastudentsocialsurveyproject,youareorganizingagroupofpupilstovisitahistoricalexhibitioninyourcity.Writealettertotheorganizeroftheexhibition,askingfornecessaryinformationregardingtheexhibition.DearSirorIamaseniorcollegestudentandntoorganizeagroupofstudentstovisitthehistoricalexhibitiontobeheld.IwouldliketoinquireaboutsomeinformationregardingtheFirst,whatisthedateoftheexhibitionandwhenwilltheexhibitionstartandendonthatday?Secondly,Ihopethepupilscanhaveagoodunderstandingofthehistory,soIwonderifthereareanyvisitingguidesforgroupvisiting.Thirdly,Iwouldalsoliketoknowifthereisanydiscountavailableonentranceticketsforstudents.Iappreciatealotandlookforwardtoyourfavorable3、

LiAspartofastudentsocialsurveyproject,youasamonitorareorganizingyourclasstovisitahistoricalexhibitioninyourcity.Writealettertoyourclassmates,informingthemofnecessaryinformationregardingtheexhibitionandencouragingthemtoparticipate.DearInordertofinishoursocialsurveyproject,IamgoingtoorganizeavisittothehistoricalexhibitiontobeheldonJanuary1st.Theexhibitionwillstartat9inthemorning.Sowewillgatherat7:30atourschoolgate.Andwewillbebackat5intheafternoon.Besides,thereisa50%discountfortheentranceticketsforcollegestudents.Thisexhibitionisnotonlyanecessarypartofoursocialsurvey,butitcanalsoenableustogainamoreprofoundunderstandingofhistory.SoIsincerelyhopeallofyouwouldnotmissit.Donotforgetthedateanddonotbelateforourgathering4、

LiInordertocelebratetheMid-AutumnDayinSeptember,yourclassisgoingtoholdacelebrationintheeveningofthatday.Supposingyouarethemonitoroftheclass,writealettertotheforeignstudentsinyouruniversitytoinvitethemtoattendtheexintothemthemeaningandcustomoftheMid-AutumnDay,andlthemsomedetailsoftheDearOnbehalfofClass301,IwarmlyinviteyoutoattendtheMid-Autumnfestivalcelebrationtobeheldontheygroundfrom6:30pm.to10:30pm.onSeptember20th.TheMid-AutumnDay,fallingonthe15thofAugustinthe lunarcalendar,isa holidayforfamilymembersandlovedonestogathertogether.Asidefromenjoyingthegloriousfullmoon, peoplewillalsoeatfestival-mooncakes.Ourclassdecidestoholdthiscelebrationtomakeeveryonefeeltheloveandfriendshiponthisspecialday.Theactivitiesinthecelebrationwillincluderecitingancient poemsaswellasguessinglanternriddles.Wesincerelyhopeyouwouldjoinustoenjoythisspecial5、Directions:YourfriendaskedyouforsomeadviceonsuccessfulDear

LiYouaskedmeforsomeadviceonhowtoprepareforasuccessfulinterviewandIwilltrytooffersomeusefulsuggestions.Firstofall,collectalltheinformationyoucanabout beforeyougotointerview.Secondly,practiceyouranswerstocommonquestionsandmakealistofquestionstoask,too.Thiswillmakeyoufeelmoreconfidentandrelaxed.Thirdly,trytomakethebestimpression:arriveearly,dressappropriay,sellyourstrengths,beenthusiastic,beanactivelistener,situpstraightandmaintaineyecontact.Finally,donotforgettosay“Thankyou”aftertheinterview.Ihopeyouwillfindthesesuggestionshelpful.Good6、

SincerelyLiSupposeyouareLiMingandyoufindthatmostofyourclassmateswillhavesomepsychologicalproblemsbeforeexams.Writeantoyourclassmates,offeringnecessaryadvicetothoseclassmates.DearmyfellowThefinalexaminationiscomingandIfindthatmostofyouaretroubledbysomepsychologicalproblems,suchasanxiety.Somewillfeeldizzyortired,somewillsufferfromlosingsleep,andsomewilllosetheirappetite.SoIamwritingtooffersomeadviceforyoutogetridofthem.Firstofall,it’simportantforustohavearightattitudetowardsexams.Theyareonlyameansoftestinghowwellwedowithourstudies,sothereisnoneedtoworrytoomuchabouttheresult.Juststudyhardeverydayandmakecarefulnsforeveryexam.Besides,enoughsleepcanmakeusenergeticandenableustoperformwellinanexam.Therefore,duringtheperiodofexams,weshouldnotstayuptoolate.Wecanalsotryawarmbathoracupofwarmmilkbeforegoingtobed.Theymighthelpustohaveasoundsleep.Also,we’dbettergooutforawalkordosomeoutdoorexercisesbeforeanexamsothatwecankeepourselvesrelaxedandthenconcentrateourselvesonexams.Isincerelyhopeallofyoucouldfindmysuggestionshelpfulandobtainasatisfyingresultinthisfinalexam.SincerelyLi93—440—505—880—1002—340—50模板一：①Asisdepictedinthepicture,整体描述.Themoststrikingofthesceneis细节描述模板二：①Depictedinthepictureis/are整体描述.Ascanbeseen,细节描述①Presentedinthetwopicturesis/are 整体描述.②Inthefirstdrawing,第一幅图画细节描述.③Incontrast,(Similarly,)第二幅图画细节描述.④Weareinformedthat文字说明.1：Thereisnodoubtthatitssymbolicmeaningsubtlyconveyedshouldbegivenadeep写法2Eg.2007年Thereisnodoubtthatthetwoyersarelackof3：翻译中文提示句，就图写图Eg.2003年温室的花朵经不起风雨Obviously,justasthewordsread,theflowersundertheprotectionofthegreenhousecannotwithstandthewindandstormoutside.首段示例（2005年①Depictedinthepictureisaspecialfootballmatchheldbyfourchildrenandtheirold②Eachofthefourchildrenarekeetheirgoalsandtheeldestsoniskickingoutthefather,whohuddlesuphelplesslylikeaball.③Thereisnodoubtthatthefourchildrenareunwillingtosupporttheiragedfather.①Wearesupposedtoceourattentionontheimpliedmeaningofthecartoon—词.②Whydoesthisphenomenonappear?Possiblythereareseveralreasonsaccountingforthis.③Firstandforemost,原因一.Furthermore,原因二.Lastbutnotleast,原因三.①Withoutanydoubt,thepurposeofthecartoonistoshowusthatweshould句.②Itssignificanceisfar-reaching.③Firstandforemost,itisuniversallyheldthat积极意义一.Moreover,weallshareanideathat积极意义二.Lastbutnotleast,accordingtosomeresearchfindings,积极意义三.①Thepictureisfairlythought-provoking,whichisintendedtoconveythat句.②Thismightresultinsomenegative/positiveinfluenceonbothindividualsandthesociety.③Judged al,优/劣势一.Fromthesocialstandingpoint,优/劣势二.拓展方式：举例说明、论1、举例说明(supportyourviewwithan①Forexample,//For②Icanthinkofnobetterillustrationthanthefollowingone(s).Eg.2007(confidence)Forexample,whenwestandonastagetoperform,orwhenwegiveaspeechinthelecturehall,weallwillbenervous,butifweareconfident,wewould ethenegativefeeling.2、数据①Accordingtotherecentsurvey/data/figure/statistics/studyby AcademySocial②SurveysconductedbyawebsiteconcernedhaveshownthatEg.AccordingtotherecentsurveybytheMinistryofEducation，lastyear45%ofcollegestudentssatforthenationalentranceexaminationforgraduates,increasingby3%.①Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,itisurgenttotakesomeimmediateandeffectivemeasurestosolvethisproblem.②Inthefirstce,weourselvesshouldenhancetheawarenessof….Inthesecond,morerulesshouldbemadeandcarriedoutbytheernmenttorestrain/encourage….③Shouldallthesebedone,wewould….Inconclusion,askedabouttheattitudetowards+主题词，Iamconvincedthatthespirit/quality/qualificationexertsafavorableinfluencenotonlyonindividualsbutalsoonoursociety.Besides,itisalsoelevatingtoourpresentandmoreimportantlytoourfuture.Asacollegestudent,Iwillinmydailylifeandalsodeliverittopeoplearound.Watershortageisstillaseriousproblemthreateningtheexistenceandsurvivalofthewholehumanbeing.Yetthephenomenonofwastingwater(Sothegoodpracticeofsavingwater)canstilleasilybefoundanywhereinourdailylife.Forexample,watertapsarefrequentlyleftonbycarelessusers(weareincreasinglyawareofturningoffwatertapsbeforeleaving).Waterresourceisindispensablenotonlyinourdailylifebutalsointheindustryandagriculture.Andwateristhewealthofthewholemankind,anditisdifficulttoimaginewhattheworldwouldbelikewhenthereisnomorewater.Eventhoughanincreasingnumberofpeoplehave eawareofsavingresources,furthermeasuresstillneedtobetaken.Onthemacrolevel,thewholeworldshouldmakeajointefforttofightagainstthewasteofwater.Onthemicrolevel,publicizingactivitiesincommunities,schools,andenterprisesshouldbeorganized.Tostorewatermeanstostorehappinessandonlybysavingwatercanwesaveabetterlifeforouroffspring.Theterm“lowcarbonlife”referstoreducingtheemissionofcarbon,especiallycarbondioxide,protectingourenvironmentandrealizingsustainabledevelopment.Accordingtostatistics,ifwecandecreasethetimeforhavingtheevisiononbyonehoureachday,wecandeducetheamountofcarbonemissionby4.71kilogramperToserveasresponsiblecitizensofthenet,wemustpromoteandpopularizeacarbonlifeamongthepublicfromeverydetailinourdailyWemustchangethepastpracticeofsacrificinglong-termenvironmentalhealthforshort-termrapideconomicdevelopment,andshifttodevelogreeneconomy,circulareconomyandlowcarboneconomy.Publictransportationsuchasbusesandsubways,whicharelow-carbontransportationmeans,shouldbeencouragedandpromotedsothatwecanhaveasmoothtransportation.Taxesleviedonthesalesofprivatecarsshouldberaisedsoastorestrictprivatecarownershiprate.Alltheseeffectivemeasurescanhelpustoreachharmonybetweendevelopmentofthesocietyandhealthofthenature. Scienceandtechnologyaretheprimaryproductive sandhavebeenyingakeyroleinthenationaleconomydevelopment.ProgressinscienceandtechnologyhaspromotedeconomicandsocialprogressWiththedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,suchasthehigh-speedtransportation, meeting,theworldhasbeendrawnnearer.Scienceandtechnologyhavetransformedthewayofourlifeandareofgreatbenefittooursociety. munication,suchastheInternet,enablepeopletosendinformationtoadistantceinstantly.Mankindmayenjoyalltheconveniencesoflifebroughtbytechnology.Yettheydonotfeelanyhappierorwise