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黑龙江省哈尔滨市2020年中考语文试卷一、积累与运用下列词语中加点字的注音完全正确的一项是( )A.B.C.取(jí)果(shuò)D.立(cù)洁(jiǎo)浴(mù)下列词语中没有错别字的一项是( )自言自语 妙手偶得 鸟语花香油然而生 轻描淡写 以身作侧叹为关止 思贤如渴 十拿九稳交头接耳 呼朋引半 神通广3.对病句的修改不正确的一项是( )A.B.优秀的文学作品会制造出栩栩如生的人物形象。将“制造”改为“建造”CD.通过老师的教育,使他端正了线上学习的态度。删掉“通过”或者“使”4.下列文学、文化常识及名著的相关信息对应不正确的一项是( A.苏轼——宋代文学家 B《孟子》——儒家经C.寒舍——属于谦辞 D.吴用——沂岭杀四5.下面情境下,语言表达最准确得体的一项是( )【情境】学校要举行防火演练,同学们都认真准备,只有王欣雨同学满不在乎,嘴里还不停地嘟囔:“又不是真的,干嘛小题大做啊!"班长听后想要劝说他认真对待防火演练。班长对王欣雨说:ACD6.填入下面横线处的语句,与上下文衔接最恰当的一项是( )每个人都有自己的优点。恰如一棵树,如果花不漂亮,也许 ;如果叶子也不漂亮也许 ;如果花叶子和枝干都不漂亮,也许 。A.叶子会青翠欲滴体态会绰约生姿枝干会错落有致B.枝干会错落有致叶子会青翠欲滴体态会绰约生姿C.叶子会青翠欲滴枝干会错落有致体态会绰约生姿D.体态会绰约生姿 枝干会错落有致 叶子会青翠欲7.按教材原文填空。海日生残夜, (王湾《次北固山下) ()感时花溅泪, (杜甫《春望) ()零落成泥碾作尘, (陆游《卜算子·咏梅)《白雪歌送武判官归京》中诗人以春花喻冬雪的千古名是: , 。二、阅读(45分)陋室铭刘禹锡读笑有解释文中加点的词语①鸿: 形: 把下列语句翻译成现代汉语。①山不在高,有仙则名。②孔子云:何陋之有?9.中华文化的瑰宝——太极拳600300一大门派。1978。目前,太极150的动物、事物命名,例如金鸡独立、野马分鬃、双峰贯耳等,形意结合,生动形象。它那特有的艺术性的语言,把我们的生活演绎得更精彩、更富有诗意。(选文有改动)从第①段看,太极拳拳法的特点是什么?写出第②段中加点词语“开枝散叶”在文中的含义。(一个括号里只能填写一种说明方法)①目前,太极拳已传播到150多个国家和地区。 不同于少林拳的内静外猛,太极拳一招一式外柔内刚。 ③其招式丰富名称也极具特色常常以身边的动物事物命名例如金鸡独立野马分鬃峰贯,形意结合,生动形象。 10.绳子那头①我的父亲是一个修理空调的工人。次与父亲出去干活。⑤热气我不解地问。的绳子,听着绳子那头传来的敲击声,眼睛有些湿润以前我从来不知道父亲做的是这样的工作。“踩空了,吓死我了……”意,而我却很想哭。⑩绳子那头喊了声才四十多岁啊!岁月啊,你过早地变老了我的父亲!⑪把雪糕袋往衣服上干净的地方擦了擦,递给了我。整块雪糕。我从来没有吃过如此美味的雪糕。⑬厚重的感觉,一种踏实的感觉。⑭我紧紧地握住手中的绳子,紧紧地拉住绳子那头的人——那是一个伟大的人。(选文有改动)找出文中最能体现父亲呵护儿子的三处细节,请分别概括。第⑤段画线句从内容上看属于 描写,突出了天气 的特点,侧面现出父亲工作艰辛。阅读第⑦一⑨段,思考并回答下面两个问题。①父亲踩空了,心里很害怕在回答“我”和母亲的询问时,为什么还带着笑意?②父亲带着笑意说没划伤,还夸我劲儿大,为什么“我”却很想哭?第⑩段画线句表现了“我”怎样的心理?(要求:三条理由合理且不重复)正能量助人实现理想实现理想。(1(2)“天下兴亡,匹夫有責”的意识,肩负起时代赋予我们的使命,在实现理想的大路上快步前行。的船,能轻松越过激流险滩,到达繁花似锦的彼岸。(选文有改动)本文的中心论点是什么?助人实现理想的正能量有哪些(一个括号里只能填写一种论证方法)第⑥段画线句子在文中含义是什么?三、作文(50)从下面两题中任选一题作文⑴命题作文请以“微笑面对生活”为题写一篇文章。(题目前空四格(诗歌戏剧除外600⑵给材料作文1995915这条穿越塔克拉玛干沙漠的公路修建过程极其艰难。1990年3月,32名工程专家挺进沙肆虐的塔克拉玛干沙漠,确定勘测点3800个,分析沙土样101804405236148材料的使用,为公路的顺利修建提供了有力的科技保障。这条公路的建成,改善了周边群众的出行条件,对新疆发展起到了巨大促进作用。的力量巨大。请根据以上材料,自选角度,写一篇文章。(6001.C2.A3.B4.D5.B6.C7(1)江春入旧年人生自古谁无死恨别鸟惊心不以物喜只有香如故8(1)大;形体、躯体①山不一定要高,有仙人(居住)苔痕上阶绿,草色入帘青。9(1)传播列数字;作比较;举例子10(1)买并涂防晒油;垫毛巾;让雪糕。环境;炎热(恶劣)(答出其中的两点即可)②很感动。因自己长时间忽略父亲而愧疚;因父亲过早衰老而心酸。11(1)正能量助人实现理想赤子之心 兴趣激情 团结协作 责任使命道理论证,举例论证12.略一、单选题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市2020年中考数学试卷1.-8的倒数是( )A.B.-8 C.8 D.2.下列运算一定正确的是( )A.B.C.D.下列图形中既是轴对称图形又是中心对称图形的是( )A.B.C. D. 五个大小相同的正方体塔成的几何体如图所示,其左视图是( )A.B.C.D.如图 是直径点为切点,交于点点在上连接,若,则的度数为( )A.B.C.D.将抛物线向上平移3个单位长度,再向右平移5个单位长度,所得的抛物线为( )A.B.C.D.如图,在中,,垂足为D, 与关于直线AD对称,点的B对称点是,则的度数是( )A.B.C.D.8.方程A.的解是(B.)C.D.一个不透明的袋子中装有9个小球其中6个红球个绿球这些小球除颜色外无其他差别从子中随机摸出一个小球,则摸出的小球是红球的概率是( )A.B.C.D.如图,在中,点D在BC上,连接AD,点E在AC上,过点E作,交AD于点F,过点E作,交BC于点G,则下列式子一定正确的是( )A.B.C.D.二、填空题将数4790000用科学记数法表示为 .在函数中,自变量x的取值范围是 .已知反比例函数的图像经过点 ,则k的值是 .计算:的结果是 .把多项式分解因式的结果是 .抛物线的顶点坐标为 .不等式 的解集为 .一个扇形的面积为,半径为6cm,则扇形的圆心角是 度.在 中, , 为BC边上的高,则BC的长为 .如图在菱形中对角线相交于点点E在线段BO上连接若,,,则线段AE的长为 .三、解答题先化简,再求代数式的值,其中1,ABCDABEF在图中画出以CD为边的等腰三角形,点G在小正方形的顶点上,且的周长为EG,EG的学生人数占所调查人数的,请你根据图中提供的信息回答下列问题:在这次调查中,一共抽取了多少名学生;请通过计算补全条形统计图;800中,,点D,点E在BC上,,连接.如图1,求证: ;如图2,当时,过点B作,交AD的延长线于点F,在不添加任213136元;若购买2个大地球仪和1个小地球仪需要132元.求每个大地球仪和每个小地球仪各多少元;30960已知是的外接圆,AD为的直径,,垂足为E,连接BO,延长BOACF.如图1,求证:;如图过点D作交于点点H为GD的中点连接求证:;如图3,在(2)的条件下,连接CG,若 的面积为,求线段CG的长.27.已知,在平面直角坐标系中,点O为坐标原点,直线 与x轴的正半轴交于点A,与y轴的负半轴交于点B, ,过点A作x轴的垂线与过点O的直线相交于点C,直线OC的解析式为,过点C作 轴,垂足为 .如图1,求直线 的解析式;如图2,点N在线段上,连接ON,点P在线段ON上,过P点作轴,垂足为D,交OC于点E,若,求 的值;3,在(2)FABOF,FOFACQ,BQ,FxBQG,PFxH,EH,若,求点P的坐标.1.A2.C3.B4.C5.B6.D7.A8.D9.A10.C11.12.x≠713.﹣1214.15.16.(1,8)17.x≤-318.13019.720.21.解:原式,∵,∴,∴原式.22(1)ABEF(2)解:如图所示,△CDG即为所求,由勾股定理,得EG=.23(1)解:15÷30%=50(名,50(2)解:50﹣15﹣20﹣5=10(名补全条形统计图如图所示:(3)解:800× =320(名,32024(1)1,,在和中,,∴在和中,,∴∴;(SAS,(2)解:顶角为45°的等腰三角形有证明:∵, ,∴ ,下四个: 、 、,∵,,即:是等腰三角形,;∴,∴∴,,∴,∴、 即: 、是等腰三角形,,∵∴∠DBF=∠C=45°,,又∵,∴,∴ 、即:是等腰三角形,25(1)∴∠DBF=∠C=45°,,又∵,∴,∴ 、即:是等腰三角形,由题意可得,解得: ,答:每个大地球仪52元,每个小地球仪28元;(2)m(30-m)52m+28(30-m)≤960解得m≤5∴昌云中学最多可以购买5个大地球仪.26(1)证明:∵AD为的直径,,∴,BE=CE,∴∠BAD=∠CAD,∵∠BOD=2∠BAD,∴∠BOD=2∠CAD,∵∠BOD=∠AOF,∴∠AOF=2∠CAD,∵∠BFC=∠AOF+∠CAD,∴∠BFC=2∠CAD+∠CAD=3∠CAD;OG,∵点H为GD的中点,OG=OD,∴DH=GH,OH⊥DG,∵AD⊥BC,∴∠AEB=∠OHD=90°,∵DG∥BF,∴∠BOH=∠OHD=90°,∵∠BOD+∠OBE=90°,∴∠OBE=∠DOH,又∵OB=OD,∴△OBE≌△DOH,∴BE=OH;AG,AAM⊥CGM,FFN⊥ADN,由(2)可知DH=OE,∵DG=2DH=2OE,DG=DE,∴DE=2OE,设OE=m,则DE=2m,∴OB=OD=OA=3m,∴AE=4m,在Rt△OBE中,BE==,∴CE=BE= ,tan∠BOE=== ,tan∠EAC===,∵tan∠AOF=tan∠BOE=,∴= ,设ON=a,则NF=a,∴tan∠EAC=,∴AN=4a,∵AN+NO=AO,∴4a+a=3m,∴a=m,∴FN= ×m=m,∵S△AOF=·OA·FN=,∴·3m·m=,∴m2=1,∴m=±1,∵m>0,∴m=1,∴DH=1,OD=3,由(2)得BE=CE=OH=,AE=4,在Rt△AEC中AC=,∵OD=OA,DH=HG,∴AG=2OH=,∵∠ADG+∠ACG=180°,∠ACM+∠ACG=180°,∴∠ADG=∠ACM,∴cos∠ADG=cos∠ACM,∴,∴,∴CM=,Rt△ACM,AM==,Rt△AGM,GM==,∴CG=GM-CM=.27(1)解:∵CM⊥y,OM=9,∴当y=9时,,解得:x=12,∴C(12,9,∵CA⊥xA(12,0,∴OB=OA=12,B(0,-12,AB∴,解得:,∴;解:由题意可得,∠CMO=∠OAC=∠MOA=90°,∴四边形MOAC为矩形,∴MC=OA=12,∵NC=OM,∴NC=9,则MN=MC-NC=3,∴N(3,9)设直线ON的解析式为,将N(3,9)代入得:,解得:,∴y=3x,设P(a,3a)∵PD⊥x轴交OC于点E,交x轴于点D,∴, ,∴PE=,OD=a,∴ ;GFCAR,yS,FFT⊥xT,∵GF∥x轴,∴∠OSR=∠MOA=90°,∠CAO=∠R=90°,∠BOA=∠BSG=90°,∠OAB=∠AFR,∴∠OSR=∠R=∠AOS=∠BSG=90°,则四边形OSRA为矩形,∴OS=AR,SR=OA=12,∵OA=OB,∴∠OBA=∠OAB=45°,∴∠FAR=90°-∠AFR=45°,∴∠FAR=∠AFR,∴FR=AR=OS,∵QF⊥OF,∴∠OFQ=90°,∴∠OFS+∠QFR=90°,∵∠SOF+∠OFS=90°,∴∠SOF=∠QFR,∴△OFS≌△FQR,∴SF=QR,∵∠SFB=∠AFR=45°,∴∠SBF=∠SFB,∴BS=SF=QR,∵∠SGB=∠RGQ,∴△BSG≌△QRG,∴SG=RG=6,∴△BSG≌△QRG,∴SG=RG=6,FR=m,AR=m,∴QR=SF=12-m,∴AF=,∵,∴GQ=,∵QG2=GR2+QR2,即∴FS=8,AR=4,∴FT=FR=AR=4,∠OTF=90°,∴四边形OSFT为矩形,∴OT=FS=8,∵∠DHE=∠DPH,∴tan∠DHE=tan∠DPH,∴,由(2)可知,DE=,PD=3a,∴ ,解得:DH=,∴tan∠PHD= ,∵∠PHD=∠FHT,∴tan∠FHT=,∴HT=2,∵OT=OD+DH+HT,∴,∴a=,∴
,解得:m=4,黑龙江省哈尔滨市2020年中考英语试卷一、单项选择,选择最佳答案。Inthefollowingwords,whichunderlinedlettershaveadifferentsoundfromothers?brother B.throat C.themWhichpairofthewordswiththeunderlinedlettershasthesamesound?moviegold B.hatelake C.headteamWhichofthefollowingwordsdoesn'thavethesamestressastheothers?Pardon. B.Tiger. C.Event.—Whenisyourbirthday,Sally?—Mybirthdayis July3rd.in B.on C.at5.—ItisrainingheavilybutIdon'thaveanumbrellawithme.—Don'tworry!Ihavegotone.Youcanshare .A.yours B.ours —Candy,Ihaveatoothache.WhatshouldIdo?—You'dbetterseeadentistandget X-ray.A.an B.a — wonderfulthemusicis!—Yes.Itmakesmerelaxedafterabusyday.How B.Whata C.Howa—Sarah,I'maveryslowreader.Couldyougivemesomeadvicetoimprovemyreadingspeed?—Well,keeponreadingsomethingyouenjoy.Themoreyouread, you'llA.theslower B.thefresher C.thefaster—Whodoyouadmiremost,YangMing?—ZhongNanshan.NotonlyIbutalsomyclassmates A.lookforwardto B.lookupto C.areupto—Accordingtoarecentsurvey,manystudentshavepooreyesight—Inmyopinion,readingonmobilephonestoooftenisthe ofhavingpooreyesight.A.cost B.result C.cause—Whosemagazineisthis?—It beNancy's.Look!Hernameisonitscover(封面).A.must B.can't C.mustn't—Whatisyournewclassmatelike?—Sheisveryshy.Shespeaksso thatIcanhardlyhearA.loudly B.clearly C.quietly—Hi,Jill.I inmymathsinceyousharedyourgoodexperiencewithme.—Great!Congratulations!A.havemaderapidprogressmaderapidprogresswillmakerapidprogress—Whatlanguage inCanada?—BothEnglishandFrench.isspoken B.speaks C.isspeaking15.—Tim,ourforeignteacherMs.GreenwillgobacktoEnglandnextweek.—Really?Let'shaveapartytosaygoodbyetoher sheisfreethisweekend.A.unless B.if C.though16.—Couldyoutellme ?—Thereisnothingbutsomeoldmodelplanes.A.what'sintheroomwhatcanyouseeintheroomwhointheroomis17.—Whataretheytalking—Theyaretalkingaboutthegreatestinventions havemadeabigdifferencetoourdailylife.A.which B.who C.thatEveryyear,anumberofvisitorschoosetogotoBritaintosee .A.ChengduResearchBaseB.StonehengeC.TheHollywoodWalkofFameAsamiddleschoolstudent,followingtheschoolruleshelpsyoubecomebetterandbetter.Soyoushouldn't atschool.①weartheschooluniform ②fightwithyourclassmates ③bequietinthelibrary inthehallways ⑤eatsnacksinclassA.①②③ B.②③⑤ C.②④⑤FortystudentsinClassOne,GradeNinearefondofreadingnovelswritteninEnglish.Differentstudentslikereadingdifferentnovels.Accordingtotheformbelow, studentslikereadingnovelswrittenbyBritishwriters.ThenameofthenovelTreasureIslandTheOldmanandtheseaOliverTwistTomSawyerThewriter'snationalityBritishAmericanBritishAmerican百分比25%40%20%15%A.24 B.22 二、完形填空完形填空Amongallthefestivals,Christmasismyfavorite.Tenyearshaspassedsincethatthinghappened.Iwasonly (1) yearsoldatthattime.ItwasDecember24th,justtheday ChristmasDay.Thatevening,mydadcamehomefromworkalittleearlier.Aftersupper,hesaidtous,"TomorrowisChristmasDay.Mykids,Ithinkyouneedto (3) lovingothers."Hewenton,"Therefore,wearegoingtohelpoutatanorphanageIcouldn'tbelieveIheard.MyheartbegantosinkSowewouldn'tenjoyourownChristmasdinnerathome?Whyso?Ididn'twanttospendsuchaholiday!TheholidaywithoutaChristmasdinnertheoneIexpected.Thenextmorning,we(6)early.Afteraquickbreakfast,wesetoutonourjourneytotheorphanage.Assoonaswearrivedtherewestartedtowork.Wehad(7)todo,suchaspreparingforthedinner,settingthetables,andorganizingthekidstoin,thatwehadnotimetohavearest.However,allIcouldthinkaboutwastheChristmasdinnerIcouldn'tenjoy.How(8)Iwas!ButthethoughtsquicklyOverthenextfewhours,Iwatchedthekidssittingaroundthetablesandenjoyingthedinner.Theytalkedhappilyallthetime.Forsomekids,thiswasthemostdeliciousmealtheythatweek.For(9),itwasanunusualChristmasdinnertheywouldneverforget.Thekidsweresohappy.Laughterfilledtheorphanage.Throughthis(10),Ihavelearnedalot.AlthoughIdidn'tenjoytheChristmasdinnerathome,Igotmuchmorepleasure.NowIama19-year-oldcollegestudent.IwillrememberthatChristmasDay(1)A.nineforever.B.tenC.nineteen(2)A.onB.beforeC.after(3)A.avoidB.practiceC.manage(4)A.what(5)A.was(6)A.pickedupB.whereB.weren'tB.gotupC.howC.wasn'tC.tookup(7)A.tooB.veryC.so(8)A.disappointedB.pleasedC.satisfied(9)A.theotherB.anotherC.others(10)A.ecosystemB.exhibitionC.experience三、阅读理解22.阅读理解JohnSmithisanexchangestudentfromNewYork.Hereisalettertohisfriendinhishometown.DearDavid,Howtimeflies!It'sbeen3monthssinceIcametoChina.I'mhavingagreattimeonmystudentexchangeprogramhere.Sofar,I'vecompletelygotusedtothelifeandhaveknownalotabouttraditionalChineseculture.I'dliketosharesomewithInChina,therearemanydifferentkindsof traditionalartforms,suchaspapercutting,Chineseclayartandsoon. Amongthem,thekiteinterestsmemost.TheancientChinesekite appearedmorethan2,000yearsago.ThenflyingkiteswasspreadintoJapan, KoreaandMalaysiaduringtheTangDynastyandtheSongDynasty.Kitesregardedastheearliestcraft(飞行器). Theyplayedanimportantroleintheprocessofinventingtheplane.TeacultureisimportantinChina.Teawasdiscoveredasakindofdrinkbyaccidentabout5,000yearsago.ItisbelievedthatteawasbroughttoKoreaandJapanduringthe6thand7thcenturies.Itdidn'tappearinEnglanduntilaround1660.TheteatradeChinatoWesterncountriestookplaceinthe19thcentury.Nowteahasbecomeoneofthemostpopulardrinksaroundtheworld.Lastly,I'dliketotellyousomethingaboutoneofthetraditionalChinesefestivalstheMid-AutumnFestival.ItisonthefifteenthdayoftheeighthmonthintheChineselunarcalendarChinesepeoplehavebeencelebratingtheMid-AutumnFestivalenjoyingmooncakesforcenturies.Ifyou'dliketoknowmoreabouttraditionalChineseculture,Iwilltalkaboutinthenextletter.Bestwishes!yours,yours,JohnFromthispassage,weknowthatJohnSmithisfrom A.Canada B.theUS C.theUKWhichofthefollowingisn'tatraditionalChineseartA.Papercutting.B.Chineseclayart.C.TheMid-AutumnFestival.About5,000yearsago, .thefirstancientChinesekiteappearedflyingkiteswasspreadintoJapan,Korea,andMalaysiateawasdiscoveredasakindofdrinkbyaccidentWhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtotheletter?A.DavidcametoChinathreemonthsago.B.Teadidn'tappearinEnglanduntilaroundthe16thcentury.C.Kitesplayedanimportantroleintheprocessofinventingtheplane.JohnwrotethislettertoDavidinorderto .A.sharesomethingabouttraditionalChineseculturewithB.tellhimtheteatradefromWesterncountriestoChinatookplaceinthe19thcenturyC.tellhimtheMid-AutumnFestivalisinAugusteveryyear23.根据短文内容判断正、误。Oneday,acouplewantedtobuyateacup.Sotheywentintoashop.Theysawabeautifulonethere.Theyasked,"Mayweseethat?We'veneverseensuchabeautifulone."Astheshopkeeperhandedittothem,suddenlytheteacupspoke."Youdon'tunderstand."itsaid."OnceIredandlookedugly.Iwasrolledandstruckoverandoverbymymaster.Ishouted'Letmealone.'Butheonlysmiled,'Notyet.'ThenIwasputonawheelwhichwasmoving,andsuddenlyIwaspushedtomovearoundandaround.'Stop!'Icried.Butmymasteronlyhisheadandsaid,'Notyet.'Thenheputmeintheoven.Iwasfiredataveryhighheat.Iwonderedwhyhewantedtoburnme,andIcriedandknockedatthedoor.Buthejustshookhishead.""Finally,thedooropened.Heputmeonthetable,andIbegantobecomecool.ThenIwaspolished.Afterthat,mymasterbrushedandpaintedmeallover.Howterriblethewas!IthoughtIwoulddie.'Stop!'Icried.Heonlyshookhishead,'Notyet.'Thensuddenlyheputmeintothesecondoven.ThisovenwastwiceashotasthefirstoneandIcouldn'tbreatheatall.IbeggedHowever,mymasterputmeonthetableagain.'Notyet.'nearlylosthope.Justthen,thedooropened.Hetookmeoutandputmeonthetableagain.""Onehourlaterhehandedmeamirrorandsaid,'Lookatyourself.'AndIdidso.Iwassurprisedandsaid,'That'snotme.WhyamIsobeautiful?'Iwantyoutoremember,'mymastersaid,'withoutthosepaints,youwouldneverbeaperfectproduct.'"Oneday,acouplewentintoashoptobuyateacup.Whenthecouplesawtheteacup,itlookedugly.Afterbeingpolished,themasterwasbrushedandpaintedallover.Thesecondovenwashotterthanthefirstone.Accordingtothepassage,weknowthatthosepaintshelpedtheteacupbecomeaperfectproduct.阅读理解MonaIslandisanamazingplacetotakeavacation.Someoftheanimalslivingcan'tbefoundanywhereelseintheworld.TherearefascinatingbeachesandcavestoexploreTheseaaroundtheislandhascolorfulfishes.MonaIslandisverysmall.ThegovernmentofPuertoRicotakescareofislandandhasmadeitanaturalreserve.Thatmeanstheisland'sanimalsandplantsareprotectedfrombeingharmedbypeople.MonaIslandisdifferentfrommostplacesbecausearenotallowedtolivethere.Onlyafewparkworkersareabletostay.Theparkworkers'jobistokeepMonaIslandsafeandwonderful.Rulesmustbefollowedontheisland.Oneruleisthatonly100peopleatatimecanvisittheisland.Thatway,parkworkerscanmakesurethelandandanimalsremainsafe.Ontheisland,visitorscangotoseeMonaIslandiguanaswhichliveonlyonMonaIsland.Also,visitorscancometotheislandtohaveacloselookatmanykindsoffishes.candive(farbelowthesurface.Theyusespecialtoolstobeabletobreatheunderwater.Throughtheclearwater,visitorscanseethebrightcolorsofthefishes.Visitorscanalsoexplorecaves.Someofthecavesevenhavepaintingsonthewalls.ThesepaintingsweremadebysomeIndianswholivedontheislandhundredsofyearsago.Afterafulldayoffunactivities,visitorscantakearest,listentothenightsounds,andwatchthestarsinthehugesky.Thestarsareeasiertosee.Visitorssaythatwatchingthestarsisamazing.It'stheperfectendtoaperfectday.Theunderlined(划线的)word"reserve"inthepassagemeans" "inChinese.A.休息区 B.保护区 C.风景区Only100peopleatatimeareallowedtovisittheislandsothat A.manyparkworkersareabletostayonMonaIslandB.theparkworkers'jobistokeepMonaIslandsafeandwonderfulC.theparkworkerscanmakesurethelandandanimalsremainsafeWhatcanvisitorsdoonMonaIsland?A.TheycanliveontheislandforseveralB.TheycangotoseeMonaIslandiguanas.C.TheycanmeettheIndianswholivedontheislandhundredsofyearsago.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.MonaIslandisalargeislandandtakencareofbythegovernment.B.Fishescandivefarbelowthesurfacewithspecialtools.C.VisitorsareamazedtowatchthestarsinthehugeskyonMonaIsland.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?MonaIsland—anAmazingPlacetoTakeaVacationMonaIsland—aGoodPlacetoWatchStarsMonaIsland—theBestPlacetoProtectAnimals(一次。Teensarenotashealthyastheyusedtobe.Theyareputtingonweight.Arecentresearchshows97%oftheteensneedmoreexercise. First,exercisecanhelpyourmind.whogetplentyofphysicalactivitymightworrylessandsleepbetteratnight.Youmaylearnbetterinschool. Physicalactivitycanmakeyourbodystrong.Itcankeepyouatahealthyweight.Buthowcanteensbeencouragedtodomoreexercise?Heresomegoodsuggestions. DoctorscallwatchingTVorplayingvideogamesscreentime.Youshouldhavemorethantwohoursofscreentimeaday.Thenyouwillenjoyyourlifemore. Interestisthebestteacher.Youcanchoosethetraditionalsports,suchasbasketball,soccer,orbaseball.Thoseareallgreatsportsandifyoulikethem,play Findafriendorafamilymembertoexercisewithyou.Youwillhavemorefunit'snoteasyforyoutogiveup.Allinall,it'snecessaryforteenstodomoreexercise.Second, exercisehelpsyourSecond, exercisehelpsyourbody.Step awayfromthescreen.Exercise withotherstogether.Exercise helpsintwoways.Find asportyouareinterestedin.四、交际应用A~G(选项中有两项是多余的A:Hi,Lucy!Thecatinthephotoissocute.Whoseisit?B: A:Iloveitsroundface. B:It'scalledsmart.A:Why?B:Becauseit'sreallysmart. A:Howamazing!Thenthat'sagoodnameforit! B:Fiveyearsold.Bytheway,doyouhaveapet?A: Mymotherworriesthatkeepingapetwillbringmealotoftrouble.Yes, Ihaveapet,too.It canevenplaytheguitar.It's mypetcat.No,I don'thaveonethoughIlovepetstoo.How oldisit?What's itsname?It's kindofsilly.B:Actually,petscanbringyoulotsofpleasure.Yes, Ihaveapet,too.It canevenplaytheguitar.It's mypetcat.No,I don'thaveonethoughIlovepetstoo.How oldisit?What's itsname?It's kindofsilly.填入一个适当的词补全对话,每空一词。A:Hi,Mike!Youlooksohappy,don'tyou?B:Yes.Todayis .It'smyfavoriteA:Why?B:BecausetomorrowisSaturday.A: yourplanfortomorrow?B:Ihavenothingmuchtodo.Ionlywanttostayathome.A:WhatabouttakingatriptotheSunIsland?B:Goodidea!Wecangotherebybus.A:Whynotrideabike oftakingabus?It'sgoodforourhealthandtheenvironment.B:Great!But shallweA:Infrontofourschoolgate.B:Whenshallwemeet?A:Let'smeet 8:00tomorrowmorning.B:OK.Ican'twaittotakethetripwithyou.五、任务性阅读beofmediumheight, social, bored, laughter,beofmediumheight, social, bored, laughter,this, compete, eighth,introductionDoyouhaveafriend?Inthemodern friendsareanimportantpartofourlife.Withoutfriends,lifewillbe Asamatteroffact,atruefriendreachesforourhandsandtouchesourhearts.Here,letme myfriendJacktoyou.Jackisahandsomeboywho WhenIwasinGradeSeven,ItookpartinanEnglishsinging .Whentheresultcameout,IlearnedIfailed!Icouldhardlyholdbackmytears.IfeltthattheworldbecamecoldandIwas atbyeveryone.HowsadIwas!Justatthattime,IreceivedaletterinEnglish,saying,"Cheerup!Haveconfidenceinyourself.Keeponpracticingandyou'llsucceed."IknewitwasfrommyfriendJack.wordsencouragedmegreatly.Fromthenon,Ipracticedevenharder.WhenIwasinGrade ,Itookpartinanothercontestandwonfirstprize.I'msoluckytohavesuchagoodfriend.29.根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词。Manykidsgocampingduringthesummer.Usually,theystartcampinthemorningandgohomeintheafternoon.Thatiscalleddaycamp.Nowadays,anotherkindofcamp,sleep-awaycamp,isbecomingpopularwithkids.It'scalledsleep-awaycampbecausetheystayovernightthere.It'sakindofvacationforkids,butwithouttheirparents.Kidsusuallyaweekinattendingsleep-awaycamp.Itoffersmuchmoreexcitementbecausethey'llbealldayandnight,eatingtheirmeals,playinggamesandcommunicatingwithothers.They'llsleepinacabinwiththeotherkidsattendingthecamp.Theyhavetosharethebathroomwiththeotherkids.Ifyougotoasleep-awaycampforthefirsttime,you'llfeelexcitedandmaybeanervous.Beproudofyourselfforbeingoldenoughtogocamping.Itisachancetotrythings.It'salsoachancetolearnaboutbeingindependent.Areyoulookingforwardtoattendingsuchacampinyoursummervacation?(1)c toexchangeinformation,newsorideaswithsomebody(2)n beingworriedandnotabletorelaxBeproudofyourselfforbeingoldenoughtogocamping.完成同义句转换,每空Take yourselfforbeingoldenoughtogocamping.Howmanykindsofcampsarementionedinthepassage?Howlongdokidsusuallyspendinattendingsleep-waycamp?Whodotheyhavetosharethebathroomwith?任务型阅读HaveyoueverheardofIceland?IcelandisaEuropeancountry.Itusedtobeoneofrichestcountriesintheworld.Itstotalareais103thousandsquarekilometers.SummerIcelandisveryshort,whichlastsfromJunetoAugust.ItswinterstartsfromSeptemberendsnextMay.In1980,Icelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustry.Fortyyearshaspassedsincethen.Insummer,plentyoftouristsfromallovertheworldcomeheretohaveavisit.Inwinter,peopleinIcelandhavetospendthelongdarknight.Theyusuallyhavealotofspecialactivities,suchasskating,ridingsnowmotorbikesandhavingpartiestohaveanexcitingnight.Iceland—aCountryin Itstotalarea103,000 kilometersWhenIcelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustryFortyyears WhatpeopledotohaveanexcitingnightinwinterThey ,ridesnowmotorbikesandhaveparties.WhyIcelandhasaIceland—aCountryin Itstotalarea103,000 kilometersWhenIcelandstartedtodevelopitstouristindustryFortyyears WhatpeopledotohaveanexcitingnightinwinterThey ,ridesnowmotorbikesandhaveparties.WhyIcelandhasashort seasonBecauseofalongcoldwinter六、书面表达Peter如何才能实现自己的理想。写作要点:班会的主题:我的理想介绍你和几名同学的理想:①赵勇:想成为一名勇敢的警察;②张红:想做一名志愿者;③你:想成为一名优秀的医生。说说中学生如何才能实现(realize)自己的理想(idea写作要求:不得使用真实的姓名和学校名。可适当加入细节,使内容充实,行文连贯。字迹工整、语言精练、表达准确、条理清晰。80Dearpeter,I'mwritingtotellyousomethingabouttheclassmeetingheldlastweek.Bestwishes!Yours,LiPing1.B2.B3.C4.B5.C6.A7.A8.C9.B10.C11.A12.C13.A14.A15.B16.A17.C18.B19.C20.C21(1)A(2)B(3)B(4)A(5)C(6)B(7)C(8)A(9)C(10)C22(1)B(2)C(3)C(4)C(5)A23(1)正确(2)错误(3)错误(4)正确(5)正确24(1)B(2)C(3)B(4)C(5)AD;A;B;E;CC;F;B;E;D27.Friday;What's;instead;where;at28.society;boring;introduce;isofmediumheight;competition;laughed;These;Eight29(1)communicate(2)nervous(3)pride;in(4)Two.(5)Aweek.(6Theother30.Europe;square;ago;skate;growing31.I'mwritingtotellyousomethingabouttheclassmeetingheldlastweek.Thethemeitwas"MyIdeal".Ourmonitorhostedthemeeting.Duringit,allofustookanactiveinthediscussionandsharedouropinionswitheachother.ZhaoYongisgoingtobeabravepoliceman.Hehopestohelppeopleindanger.ZhangHongwantstobeavolunteer,shewillhelppeopleinneedespeciallythedisabledandthehomeless.Mydreamistobeanexcellentdoctor,Ithinkit'sameaningfuljob,becauseIcansavepeople'slivesandhelpthemoutofdanger.Torealizeourideals,Ihavesomeopinions.Firstly,wemusttrytoworkharderfromnowonandlearnasmuchknowledgeaspossible.Secondly,weshouldbelieveourselves,becauseconfidenceisthekeytosuccess.Besides,it'salsoimportanttofindouthowpeoplediditsothatwecanlearnfromthem.黑龙江省哈尔滨市2020年中考物理物理试卷一、单选题下列说法不正确的是( )A.电路的连接方式只有串联 B.汽化的方式包括蒸发和沸腾C.光可以传播能量和信息 D.异名磁极相互吸引2.太阳岛公园里出现的自然现象与对应的物态变化正确的是( A.露 液化 B.冰锥 凝华C.霜 凝固 D.雾 升3.下列关于甲、乙两图中现象的说法,正确的是( )A.甲图能用“光的折射规律”解释B.甲图说明利用小孔只能成等大的像C.甲图和乙图中的现象都是由光的折射形成的D.解释乙图中的情景用到了“光的反射定律”4.关于厨房中的情景说法不正确的是( A.菜刀磨得锋利是为了增大压力B.为了安全,使用有金属外壳的电水壶时,要用三脚插头插入三孔插座C.用燃气灶烧水时,通过热传递的方式改变了水的内能D.在汤中放盐,整锅汤都有咸味,是由于分子的无规则运5.下列图中不符合安全用电原则的是( )A.使用验电笔时,手应接触笔后端的金属部分B.人应远离断线后落地的高压线C.电灯的开关应接在零线上D.不用湿布擦拭正在工作的电灯在哈尔滨教育云平台线上微课教学中,小明整理的笔记上有笔误,需纠正的一项是( )A.B.C.D.中国运动员苏炳添在国际百米大赛中成为首位跑进10秒内的中国人赛跑过程中关于运动员的说不正确的是( )以运动员为参照物,坐着的观众是运动的C.运动员蹬地起跑,说明力可以改变人的运动状态D.运动员的鞋底花纹很深,是为了减小摩8.下列有关各图的说法不正确的是( )喝水使用的茶壶是连通器夹菜时使用的筷子属于省力杠杆用吸管从瓶中吸饮料利用了大气压力纸条向上飘起时,纸条上方比下方空气流速大压强9.关于甲、乙两图的说法中,正确的是( )A.甲图中改变电流大小,电流周围磁场强弱不发生改变B.甲图中改变电流方向,小磁针的偏转方向不发生改变C.利用乙图可研究电磁感应现象D.乙图中闭合开关后,静止的导体就会运动军事科技力量是国防安全的重要保障我国第一艘国产航空母山东舰已交付使用关“东舰”的说法不正确的是( )舰上雷达工作时,利用的是电磁波C.工作人员佩戴耳罩,可以减弱噪声D.飞机在甲板上着陆滑行时,速度减小,动能减小如图是“研究小灯泡电功率”的电路图。灯丝电阻、电源电压不变,电路连接正确后,闭合开关向左移动滑动变阻器的滑片。下列说法正确的是( )电流表示数变小 B.滑动变阻器两端电压变大C.电路的总功率变小 D.灯泡亮度变亮如图所示,“、“灯丝电阻不变电源电压3V开关闭合后,下列说法正确的是( )A.L1和L2的电阻之比是B.L1和L2的电流之比是C.L1两端电压是2V D.两灯消耗的总功率是二、填空题物理课上敲击音叉,发出的声音是由于音叉的 产生的,用大小不同的力敲击同一音叉发出的声音的 不同。“照镜子,正衣冠。小红站在平面镜前0.3m处,她的像离她 m。用自制简易潜望镜可观察到高处的物体是利用了平面镜可以 。在“探究杠杆平衡条件”的实验前,如图甲,杠杆不在水平位置平衡,为使杠杆在水平位置平衡应将平衡螺母向 移动。实验中,如图乙,在 点用弹簧测力计施加一个竖直向上的力,在点施加一个最小为 N的力,才能使杠杆在水平位置重新平衡。透镜向 移动,图乙的成像原理可应用于 选填“照相机”或“放大镜”小聪用如图所示的电路探究“电流跟电阻的关系。将电阻R1接入电路后,闭合开关,调节滑动变阻器的滑片、电压表的示数为U;用电阻R2;(R2>R1)替换电阻R1后,实验中,应调节滑片,使电压表示数为 ,则前后两次电流表示数之比为 。如图,甲、乙两鱼缸都静止在水平桌面上,鱼缸底部受到水的压强较大的是 ,甲受到面的支持力为80N,与桌子的接触面积为0.08m2,则甲对桌面的压强为 Pa。某小组同学想测量铅球的密度准确测得铅球的质量后测量体积过程如图所示则测得的体积真实值 ,测得的密度比真实值 。一个小球质量为,漂浮在水面上,它受到的浮力是 排开水的体积是 m3。有一只标“的小灯泡其“是指小灯泡的 将小灯泡接在3.0V的电路中,实际的电功率是 W(灯丝电阻不变,结果保留两位小数)如图小车从斜面上滑下后在足够长的光滑水平木板上运动从 点运动到 点所用时间为0.8s,则小车这段时间内运动的速度 m/s(结果保留一位小数,小车经过 点后的运情况是 。我们生产、生活中利用的能量,追根溯源,大都来自太阳。用一块太阳能电池给电路供电使的电阻中通过了0.2A的电流则电阻1min内产生的热量是 ?一个太阳能热水器的容量为装满水后使这些水的温度从升高至则水需要吸收 热量?(,)一辆太阳能汽车接收到的光能。其中有用于汽车的牵引力做功,若匀速行驶时汽车的牵引力为200N,这辆汽车能匀速行驶 三、作图题如图,木块在水平向右的拉力作用下做水平匀速直线运动。请画出它在水平方向上的受力示意图。(以“”为力的作用点)光从空气斜射向玻璃,发生反射和折射。请完成光路。并标出反射角的度数。四、实验题(重相同。忽略摩擦及绳重。实验中应 拉动弹簧测力计。实验过程中收集到 、、 三组实验数据如下。装置钩码重钩码上升的高度弹簧测力计示数绳子自由端移动的距离20.11.00.350.12.00.3计算出 组实验的:有用功 J,机械效率 。比较 、 两组的机械效率它们的关系是: 若提升相同物重到相同度,与 装置相比, 装置的优势是 。比较 、 滑轮组,它们机械效率的关系是: ,影响它们机械效率高低的因是 。同学们利用图中装置探究“晶体熔化”的实验。小聪用手握冰块,一会儿看到有部分冰化成了水,并感觉手很凉,据此体验。请你提出一个熔化相关的猜想 。实验中,小聪把装有正在熔化的冰的试管从热水中取出。在安全前提下,放进冰水混合物中试管中的冰会停止熔化,请你说明原因 。要研究冰熔化时温度的变化规律,需要收集哪些证据 ?小聪又研究了海波的熔化,对比冰的熔化实验。在熔化过程中:海波与冰相同的规是 。能观察到的不同现象是 。小聪帮爷爷检修小电器发现一个规格“2.5V 的小灯泡L1坏了他在家中找到一个标有VL2L2L1,于是在现有条件下,用如图所示的电路进行研究。请将小聪设计的图甲所示电路连接好()12345电压0.71.01.42.03.0电流40.280.31小聪用此电路进行实验收集了五组数据在图乙坐标系上已描出了三个坐标点请你将第2组和第3组数据描在坐标系上,并画出图象 。则12345电压0.71.01.42.03.0电流40.280.31L2L1,并说明理由 。通过实验研究可知,小灯泡L2电阻的变化规律是 。1.A2.A3.D4.A5.C6.A7.D8.B9.C10.B11.D12.D13.振动;响度14.0.6;改变光路15.左;116.远离商标的方向;照相机17.U;R2:R118.甲;100019.偏大;偏小20.2;21.额定电压;0.7122.0.4;一直做匀速直线运动23(1)12J(2)(3)16km解:如图所示:解:如图所示:26(1)竖直向上匀速(2)0.2;(3);省力;;提升物体的重力不同27(1)冰在熔化的过程中会吸收热量0℃相同,不会发生热传递,所以冰不会熔化。需要用秒表和温度计记录不同时刻下冰的温度变化在熔化的过程中,吸收热量,温度保持不变;海波和冰的熔点不同28(1)(2) ;0.295;8.5能,两端电压为2.5V时的电流为0.295A,与灯的规格相符灯泡的电阻随电压的增大而变大一、单选题
黑龙江省哈尔滨市2020年中考化学试卷“爱我家乡,赞我龙江,哈尔滨的美食美景欢迎八方来客。下列美食中富含维生素的是( A.商委红肠 B.水果西红柿C.华梅面包 D.对青烤鹅下列实验操作错误的是( )用滴管取液体 B.熄灭酒精灯C.蒸发食盐水 D.稀释浓硫酸下列过程中不发生化学变化的是( )铁钉生锈 B.白磷放入冷水中C.电解水实验 D.拉瓦锡研究空气成4.下列物质的用途错误的是( )A.充氮气以防腐 B.氧气用于医疗急救C.洗涤剂用于洗碗 D.用于改良碱性土壤下列生活中的做法正确的是( )链条喷漆防锈 B.用钢刷擦洗C.用亚硝酸钠烹调食物 D.用其扑灭图书、档案失火下列实验现象描述正确的是( A.无色溶液中产生蓝色沉淀发出微弱的淡蓝色火焰,生成有刺激性气味的二氧化硫白色固体变成白色浆液,吸收大量的热黑色固体表面有
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