消化系统 (7)附有答案附有答案

消化系统[复制]1.Thejobofthedigestivesystemistobreakdownthefoodsandliquidswe_____________intoverytinypartssothatthecellsinthebodycanusethemforenergy.（）[单选题]*A.digestB.ingest(正确答案)C.inhaleD.exhale2.Whenapersoneatsfood,thebodyhastoconvertthatfoodintomoleculechainsthatcanbeconvertedtoenergyandraw____________（）[单选题]*A.nutrients(正确答案)B.aminoacidsC.proteinsD.hydrochloricacids3.Thehumandigestivesystemcontrolsthedistributionofnutrientsandenergyinthebodybysubjectingthefoodtochemicalreactionsasittravelsthroughthe____________________.（）[单选题]*A.respiratorytractB.intestinaltractC.digestivetract(正确答案)D.analtract4.Theprocessofdigestionstartsinthemouth,with__________moisteningandbreakingdownfoodintomanageablechunks.（）[单选题]*A.saliva(正确答案)B.enzymesC.mucousD.gastricjuice5.Thestomachisthefirstpartofthestructureofthedigestivesystem,consistingofa______________hollowsaclocatedjustbelowthediaphragmandribcage.（）[单选题]*A.vascularB.muscular(正确答案)C.ResilientD.brittle6.Thestomachisseparatedfromtheesophagusandthesmallintestinebytheesophagealsphincterandthe_______________sphincterrespectively.（）[单选题]*A.pyloric(正确答案)B.gastricC.pancreaticD.salivary7.Afilmofmucuscoverstheliningofthestomachtoprotectthewallsofthestomachagainst_____________acidthatbreaksthefooddown.（）[单选题]*A.gastricB.hydrochloric(正确答案)C.aminoD.organic8.Thesmallintestinedoesmostoftheworkofchemicaldigestionviaenzymessecretedbythe______________.（）[单选题]*A.liverB.B.GallbladderC.pancreas(正确答案)D.salivaryglands9.Proteinsbreakdownintoaminoacids,fatsbreakdownandcarbohydratesbreakdowninto_______________andothersugars.（）[单选题]*A.maltoseB.glucose(正确答案)C.lactoseD.adiposeintoglycerol,10.Theinteriorwallofthesmallintestinecontainsfinger-likefoldsoftissuecalled______________,whichcatchfoodmoleculesandpassthemintoexteriorcapillariesandthentolargerbloodvessels.（）[单选题]*A.bronchiB.fungiC.ciliaD.villi(正确答案)11.Whichofthefollowingisnotapartofsmallintestines?（）[单选题]*A.DuodenumB.JejunumC.IleumD.cecum(正确答案)12.Throughtheactionofptyalin,_________,thesalivabeginsprocessofchemicallybreakingdownthefoodintosimplercompounds.（）[单选题]*A.pepsinogenB.salivaryamylase(正确答案)C.hydrochloricacidD.pancreaticjuice13.Thelargestsalivaryglandwhichislocatedinfrontoftheearisthe___________gland.（）[单选题]*A.adrenalB.pinealC.parotid(正确答案)D.thymus14.Therearethreesalivaryglands,thelargestiscalledthe____________becauseitislocatedinfrontoftheear.（）[单选题]*A.sublingualB.submandibularC.parotid(正确答案)D.D.bolus15.Whenthefoodmassdescendsintotheoropharyngealcanal,the________willcoverthelarynx,whichpreventthefoodfromenteringtrachea.（）[单选题]*A.hardpalateB.peristalsisC.cardiacsphinctervalveD.epiglottis(正确答案)16.Thedigestivesystemisalsocalledthe_____________tract.（）[单选题]*A.alimentary(正确答案)B.absorptiveC.accessoryD.peristaltic17.Twomainfunctionsareperformedbydigestivesystem:digestionand___________.（）[单选题]*A.absorption(正确答案)B.filtrationC.secretionD.excretion18.Theportionofthestomachthatprotrudesabovethegastroesophagealjunctioniscalledthe______________.（）[单选题]*A.fundus(正确答案)B.pylorusC.alveolusD.anus19._____________isaprocessthatconvertsaminoacidsorfattyacidstoglucoseandthatisperformedmainlybylivercells.（）[单选题]*A.CoagulationB.Gluconeogenesis(正确答案)C.hyperthyroidismD.phagocytosis20.Whenthefoodarrivesattheentrancetothestomach,itpassesthroughasphincterlikevalvecalled________________.（）[单选题]*A.pyloricsphinctervalveB.bicuspidC.tricuspidD.cardiacsphinctervalve(正确答案)21.Itisinthedescendingportionofthe___________thatthesecretionsfromtheliver,gallbladder,andpancreasaremixedwiththechyme.（）[单选题]*A.jejunumB.rectumC.duodenum(正确答案)D.cecum22.The___________istheorganintowhichtheswallowedfoodispushed.Itconnectsthethroatabovewiththestomachbelow.（）[单选题]*A.Esophagus(正确答案)B.larynxC.pharynxD.trachea23.Severalenzymesfromthepancreaticjuiceandliningoftheintestinecarryoutthebreakdownofhuge_________moleculesintosmallmoleculescalledaminoacids.（）[单选题]*A.carbohydratesB.vitaminsC.proteins(正确答案)D.lipids24.Starchisdigestedintwosteps.First,anenzymeinthesalivaand___________juicebreaksthestarchintomoleculescalledmaltose.Thenanenzymeintheliningofthesmallintestinesplitsthemaltoseintoglucosemoleculesthatcanbeabsorbedintotheblood.（）[单选题]*A.gastricB.pancreatic(正确答案)C.splenicD.hepatic25.Thebileacidsproducedbytheliveractasnatural______________todissolvefatinwaterandallowtheenzymestobreakthelargefatmoleculesintosmallermolecules,someofwhicharefattyacidsandcholesterol.（）[单选题]*A.lubricantB.detergent(正确答案)C.hormoneD.feces26.“Peristalsis”is_______________.（）[单选题]*A.atypeofindigestionB.muscularactionsofthedigestivetract(正确答案)C.asmallorganwhichsecretesenzymesD.foundintheesophagealsphincter27.Thelivercontributestodigestionby______________.（）[单选题]*A.removingexcesswaterandreturningittothebloodstreamB.secretingwater,hydrochloricacidandpepsinthroughthebileductC.secretingbileintothesmallintestinesthroughthebileduct.(正确答案)D.processingfoodnutrients28.Theappendixisattachedto_________.（）[单选题]*A.co