全国卷2021届高三英语下学期4月经典模拟题3含解析

（全国卷）2021届高三英语下学期4月经典模拟题3（含解析）(时间：120分钟满分：120分)选择题部分第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。A（2021·宁夏银川市·银川一中高三月考）Manypeoplebelievethatgoldfishhaveathree-secondmemory.Infact,goldfishhaveverygoodmemoriesforfish.Theycanbetrainedtoreactinmanywaystocertaincolorsoflightanddifferentkindsofmusic.Researchershavesuccessfullytaughtgoldfishtoplayfetch,pushlevers,andevenplayfootball.Aroundacertainpersonthegoldfishareveryfamiliarwith,theywilloftenbemuchmoreactiveandevensometimesstopconsideringthepersonanykindofdanger,evenifthatpersonstickstheirhandinthewaterandtriestotouchthem.Aroundstrangers,ontheotherhand,thegoldfishwilloftenhide.Blindgoldfishalsoshowthissametypeofbehavior,excepttheyreacttothevoiceoftheirowner,similarlytohowthenon-blindgoldfishreacttothesightoftheirowner.Inoneexperiment,researchersevengotthegoldfishtolearnthatiftheypushedacertainleveratacertaintimeofday,theywouldgetfood.Iftheleverwaspushedanyothertimeofday,nothingwouldhappen.Inveryshortorder,thesegoldfishlearnedtoonlypushtheleverduringthetimeofdayitwouldproducefood;therestofthetime,theytooknonoticeofit.Inanotherexperiment,researcherstrainedyounggoldfishtoconnectacertainsoundwithfeedingtime.Theythenreleasedthemintothesea.Abouthalfayearlater,whenthefishwerefullygrown,theresearchersplayedthesoundoveraloudspeakerandthefishswamfromwherevertheywereinthesea,backtowheretheywerereleased.Thishasbeensuggestedasamethodtocutdownthecostofraisingfish.Teachthemtocomewhentheyareyoungandthenreleasethemintotheseaandlakestogrowtoadulthoodnaturally.It'sbetterfortheenvironmentandlesscrueltothefish(relativelyspeaking).1．WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytellus?A．Blindgoldfishcaneasilyrealizedangers.B．Goldfishareabletorecognizetheirowner.C．Goldfishdon’tliketobetouchedbystrangers.D．Blindgoldfishhavebetterhearingthannon-blindones.2．Whatdoesthefirstexperimentmainlyshow?A．Goldfishhaveagoodsenseoftime. B．Goldfisharegoodatpushinglevers.C．Goldfishcanplaygameswithpeople. D．Goldfishliketobefedatacertaintime.3．Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondexperiment?A．Goldfisharefullygrownwithinthreemonths.B．Goldfishpreferlivingintheseatolivinginthelake.C．Goldfishreactquicklytothesoundoverloudspeakers.D．Goldfishcanrememberthingstheyweretaughtalongtimeago.4．Inwhichpartofamagazinemaythetextappear?A．Education. B．Environment. C．Sport. D．Science.B（2021·全国高一单元测试）ForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.,todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’snervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear,whencalledupontoread,Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent,”Whaleyexplains,“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage,tofeelconfidentenoughtosay,‘Idon’tknow,butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”5．WhatmadeChrisnervous?A．Tellingastory. B．Makingaspeech.C．Takingatest. D．Answeringaquestion.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A．Improperpauses. B．Badmanners. C．Spellingmistakes. D．Sillyjokes.7．WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A．helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB．assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC．preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD．inspirestudents’loveforpolitics8．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A．Humorous. B．Ambitious. C．Caring. D．Demanding.C（2020·西藏日喀则上海实验学校高三月考）Disney’sFamilyMagicTourMagicKingdom®ParkWaltDisneyWorld®ResortValidParkAdmissionRequiredPriceAdultUSD$39.00HoursTuesday,October6,2017,10:00A．M.PutonYourDetectiveHat!Solveconfusingmysteriesonthishigh-energyinteractive（相互作用的）search—youneverknowwhomyoumightmeetalongtheway!FollowyourguideasyoumakewaythroughMagicKingdomPark,pickingupclueaftercluewhileunlockingasplendidandmemorablesearchyouwon’tsoonforget.Besuretobringyourcameratocatchallthememorablesurprisesasyouandyourgroupwindyourwaythroughmanyofthemagicallandsthroughoutthepark.KnowBeforeYouGoViewimportantinformationincludingexperiencedetails,guestrestrictionsandcancellationpolicies.◆Childrenandtheyoungatheartwillenjoythisimaginativeadventure,thoughitisbestsuitedforguests4to10yearsofage.Guests17yearsofageandunder(free)mustbeaccompaniedbyapayingadult(18yearsofageorolder).◆Pleasenotethatthetourinvolvesalotofoutdoorwalkingforabout2hours,sobesuretochecktheweatherforecastanddressproperly,includingwearingcomfortableshoes.Accordingly,thetourmaybetoodifficultforsomeofouryoungerguests.◆PleasecheckinattheChamberofCommercebuildingclosetoCityHall15minutesbeforeyourexperience.Youwilllosetheentirepriceofyourtourifyoudon'tshowuporcancelwithin2daysofyourreservation.◆Same-daybookingsareavailableonawalk-upbasisonly.9．Whatisencouragedtocarrywhentravelling?A．Acamera. B．Ahat.C．Amirror. D．Aticket.10．Howmuchshouldbepaidifaten-year-oldboyandhisparentsexperiencethepark?A．Nothing. B．39dollars.C．78dollars. D．117dollars.11．Whyshouldtheguestschecktheweatherforecastanddressproperlybeforethetour?A．Thetourincludesabout2-houroutdoorwalking.B．Theguestsaresoyoungthattheycan'twalk.C．Thebadweathercanstopthenormaltour.D．Theguestsdressproperlytomakethetourhappy.D(2021青海西宁市·高三期末）HowGrandpaTataCaughtaGinormousFishwithoutaHookByDhanReddyRating(等级):4.6outof5starsManychildrenareluckyenoughtogofishing.Theluckiestonesgettogofishingwiththeirgrandpas!Inthisstory,Dineshandhisgrandpagoinsearchofareallybigfishandcatchtheworld’sbiggestfishwithnothingbutapiglet(小猪)!Thisbookisafunnystoryofgoingoutandgettingwhatyouwant—ifyou’rewillingtogobeyondwhatothersdo.MerelyByCateDavisRating:4.5outof5starsBornintheKalahariDesertinAfrica,MerelytheMeerkatistheonlychildofhermother,Mernie,whoteacheshertokeepanopenheart,tobekind,andtolookforthebestinothers.ButMerelyisunluckilytakenfromherhomeandfamily,alongwithmanyotheranimals,andtransportedacrosstheoceantoanAmericanzoowhereheryounglifechangesforever.TheWayThingsNeverWereByNormanH.FinkelsteinRating:4.6outof5starsItseemslikekidsarealwayshearingstoriesaboutAmericainthe“goodolddays.”But,infact,the1950sand1960swerenotascarefree(无忧无虑的)astheysometimesseem.Throughinterestingstories,advertisements,factsandphotographs,NormanH.Finkelsteininvitespeopleofallagestodecideforthemselves.SilentDays,SilentDreamsByAllenSayRating:4.8outof5starsThispicturebooktellsthestoryofJamesCastle,anartistwhogrewupunlovedbyhisfamilyandcommunitybecauseofhisdeafness.Thisbookisastoryasmuchaboutacceptanceandunderstandingasitisaboutperseverance(坚持).12．Whichwordcanbestdescribethestorytoldinthefirstbook?A．Boring. B．Touching. C．Worrying. D．Interesting.13．WhowouldbemostinterestedinMerely?A．Thosewhocareaboutanimals. B．Thosewholovemakingfriends.C．Thosewhowanttoknowaboutdesert. D．Thosewhowereborninanunluckyfamily.14．Whichauthor’sbooktellsreadersthetruthaboutAmericainthemid-20thcentury?A．AllenSay’s. B．CateDavis’s. C．DhanReddy’s. D．NormanH.Finkelstein’s.15．Whichbookhasthehighestrating?A．Merely.B．SilentDays,SilentDreams.C．TheWayThingsNeverWere.D．HowGrandpaTataCaughtaGinormousFishwithoutaHook.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2021·陕西西安市·西安中学高三二模）Everyday,wearefacedwithchallengesanduncertainties.Whilethesearethingsthatareoutofourcontrol,wecanmostcertainlycontrolhowwereactandfeelinsuchsituations.16．Optimismisasimpleyetpowerfulmindsetthatcanaffectusinmanyways.Anoptimistwillbemorecommittedtowardshisgoals.Whensomepeoplesetagoaltheydon’taccountfortheproblemstheyruninto.Theyviewthemasbarriersthatcan’theremoved.Thisiswhytheminutesomethingdoesn’tgoasplannedtheystarttoshrinkandgiveup.17．Infact,anoptimisticpersonwillmerelylookattheproblemsasnewexperiencesandnewpossibilities.Heunderstandsthatfailureisjustpartoftheprocessandwelcomesitwithopenarms.18．AsurveyconductedbyGallupfoundthatonly35percentofUSmanagersareoccupiedintheirjobs.ThislackofdevotionanditsinfluenceonemployeescoststheUSapproximately$77billionto$96billioneachyear.Optimisticleaderscanhelpmotivatetheiremployees.19．Aboveall,optimismoffersahealthierandlongerlife.AstudyfromtheUniversityofPittsburghconcludedthatthosewhohaveanoptimisticviewpointhavea30percentlowerriskofheartdisease.20．Additionally,researchpublishedintheCanadianMedicalAssociationJournalfoundthatoptimistsarelesslikelytoexperiencedisabilitiesastheygetolderandenduplivinglonger.Inlife,movementandgrowthisimportantandnecessary,whichoptimismhelpsusachieve.A．Theyseefailureasanewstart.B．Wecanlearntokeepoptimistic.C．Optimistsalsospreadagoodatmosphere.D．Theythinkaboutpossiblepositiveoutcomes.E.That’sbecausetheyaregenerallyhappierandlessstressed.F.Ontheotherhand,anoptimisticpersonismoreopentoproblems.G.Similarly,havingapositiveattitudecaninspireeveryonearoundus.第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2021·云南昆明市·昆明一中高三月考）Whenfacedwithtoughdifficultiesortroubles,peoplealwaysgiveuspositivewords.21canliftourspiritsindeed,butsometimesinsomecaseit22depressesus.Psychologycallsit“toxicpositivity.”Whatisit?Let’sseethefollowing23.Betweensleeplessnights,diapers(换尿布)andfeedingtimes,havingsmallchildrenathomecouldleavePriscillaGoinsfeeling24.Shelovedherkids,butitwasalot.“Iwouldsometimessay‘Ijustwantaminutetomyself,’”Goins,ofKnoxville,Tennessee,said.“Peoplewouldbelike:Oh,you’llmissitwhenthey’re25oryoushouldvalueit.”Thatmadehersomad.Shedoesn’t26whatpeoplesay.Shedisagreedatall.Actually,inthosemoments,shesimplywanted27thatshewasgoingthroughthetiredness28.Afocusonpositivethinking,whileputtingchallengingand29experiencestotheside,iswhatsomeexpertscall“toxicpositivity.”Beingcheerfulisnotabadthing.Certainly,a30attitudecanbeagifttothosearoundyou,butitshouldn’t31listeningthoughtfullytoothers’experiences.Whenyouarechoosingtolookat32fromoneangle-inthiscaseapositiveangle-youareverylikelytodismissordenyanauthentic33.That’stoxicpositivity,whichiswhatGoins34whenshewaslookingforabitofmercyaboutthe35ofparentingyoungchildren.Evenifyou’retryingto36someone,ignoringsomeone’stoughexperiencescanleavethemfeelingthattheyshould37negativefeelingsinthefuture.38tryingtofindapositivespin,wearesupposedtouseacceptingandcomprehensivewords.Sometimeswejustneedtosay“Yeah,metoo,”or“Thatmakestotalsense.”It’sallowingsomeonetoexpresssomethingthatis39,evenifit’shardtohearorit’s40.21．A．Modesty B．Encouragement C．Excitement D．Admiration22．A．also B．ever C．just D．still23．A．analysis B．statement C．summary D．example24．A．thrilled B．joyful C．tired D．panic25．A．younger B．older C．stronger D．taller26．A．distinguish B．discontent C．deny D．recognize27．A．commitment B．concern C．acknowledgment D．acquisition28．A．eventually B．gradually C．anyway D．indeed29．A．cosy B．unforgettable C．joyful D．tough30．A．negative B．positive C．critical D．caring31．A．taketheplaceofB．takecontrolof C．takechargeofD．takeadvantageof32．A．views B．positions C．situations D．phenomena33．A．experience B．relationship C．conclusion D．virtue34．A．explained B．received C．exposed D．conveyed35．A．pleasure B．loss C．challenge D．well-being36．A．cheerup B．letdown C．speakhighlyof D．speakillof37．A．present B．hide C．indicate D．spread38．A．Regardlessof B．Intermsof C．Insteadof D．Asaresultof39．A．artificial B．vague C．accurate D．authentic40．A．uncomfortable B．comprehensive C．optimistic D．unavoidable非选择题部分第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第二节(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（2021·陕西西安市·西安中学高三二模）BeijingOpera,41．(know)asChina'snationalopera,alsocalledPekingOpera,whichoriginatedinthelate18thcentury,isacombinationofmusic,dance,artandacrobatics(杂技).ItisthemostinfluentialandrepresentativeofalloperasinChina.ItiscalledBeijingOperabecauseitisformedinBeijing.BeijingOperahas42．historyof200yearsanditsorigincandatebacktooldlocaloperas,especiallyAnhuiOpera,43．wasverypopularinnorthernChinainthe18thcentury.In1790,thefirstAnhuiOperaperformance44．(hold)inBeijingtocelebratetheEmperor'sbirthday.Later,someotherAnhuiOperatroupes(班子)45．(continue)performinginBeijing.AnhuiOperawaseasy46．(move)andgoodatabsorbingtheactingstylesofothertypesofoperas.Beijingaccumulatedmanylocaloperas,47．(make)AnhuiOperaimprovequickly.48．theendofthe19thcenturyandthebeginningofthe20thcentury,afterthemarriagefor10years,BeijingOperafinallyformed,andbecamethe49．(big)ofallOperasinChina.Wecan50．(honest)saythatBeijingOperaisthemostimportantoperainChina.第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节、改错（满分10分）（2020·西藏日喀则上海实验学校高三月考）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。I’vehadmanydreamssinceIwasachild.Nowmydreamistoopensacafe.Thoughitmayappearsimple,itrequiredalotofideasandefforts.WhatIwantisnotjustanordinarilycafebutaveryspecialone.Iwantmycafehaveaspecialthemesuchaslike“TangDynasty”.Inthecafe,customerswillenjoyyourselvesinthehistoricalenvironmentwhatiscreatedforthem.IfIsucceedinmanageone,Iwillopenmore.Iwishtohaveachainofcafesinmanydifferentcity.Eachofmycafeswillhaveadifferentthemeandanuniquestyle.提纲类作文（满分25分）（2021·云南昆明市·昆明一中高三月考）假如你是学生会主席李华，你校下周将要举行“遵守交通规则，做文明学生”的社会实践活动。请拟一份书面通知给学校的留学生。内容要点如下：1.目的；2.相关情况；3.其它。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Notice____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________参考答案1．B2．A3．D4．D【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些关于金鱼的研究发现，研究人员通过实验发现金鱼能认出它们的主人，而且有很好的时间感。1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Aroundacertainpersonthegoldfishareveryfamiliarwith,theywilloftenbemuchmoreactiveandevensometimesstopconsideringthepersonanykindofdanger,evenifthatpersonstickstheirhandinthewaterandtriestotouchthem.Aroundstrangers,ontheotherhand,thegoldfishwilloftenhide.Blindgoldfishalsoshowthissametypeofbehavior,excepttheyreacttothevoiceoftheirowner,similarlytohowthenon-blindgoldfishreacttothesightoftheirowner.(在金鱼非常熟悉的某个人身边，它们通常会更加活跃，有时甚至会不认为这个人有任何危险，即使那个人把手伸到水里试图摸它们。而在陌生人身边，金鱼往往会躲起来。失明的金鱼也表现出同样的行为，除了它们会对主人的声音做出反应，就像非失明的金鱼对主人的视线做出反应一样)”可推断，第二段主要告诉我们金鱼能认出它们的主人。故选B。2．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Inveryshortorder,thesegoldfishlearnedtoonlypushtheleverduringthetimeofdayitwouldproducefood;therestofthetime,theytooknonoticeofit.(在很短的时间内，这些金鱼学会了只在一天中产生食物的时间里推动操作杆；在其余的时间里，他们都不理会操作杆)”可知，第一个实验主要说明了金鱼有很好的时间感。故选A。3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Inanotherexperiment,researcherstrainedyounggoldfishtoconnectacertainsoundwithfeedingtime.Theythenreleasedthemintothesea.Abouthalfayearlater,whenthefishwerefullygrown,theresearchersplayedthesoundoveraloudspeakerandthefishswamfromwherevertheywereinthesea,backtowheretheywerereleased.(在另一项实验中，研究人员训练幼金鱼将某种声音与进食时间联系起来。然后他们把这些鱼放生到海里。大约半年后，当这些鱼完全长大时，研究人员通过扬声器播放这一声音，这些鱼就会从它们在海里的地方游回它们被放回的地方)”可知，从第二个试验中，能得知金鱼能记住很久以前别人教它们的东西。故选D。4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Manypeoplebelievethatgoldfishhaveathree-secondmemory.Infact,goldfishhaveverygoodmemoriesforfish.Theycanbetrainedtoreactinmanywaystocertaincolorsoflightanddifferentkindsofmusic.Researchershavesuccessfullytaughtgoldfishtoplayfetch,pushlevers,andevenplayfootball.(许多人相信金鱼有三秒钟的记忆。事实上，金鱼对鱼有很好的记忆力。经过训练，它们可以对特定颜色的光和不同种类的音乐做出多种反应。研究人员已经成功教会金鱼玩捡东西、推杠杆，甚至踢足球)”结合文章主要介绍了一些关于金鱼的研究发现，研究人员通过实验发现金鱼能认出它们的主人，而且有很好的时间感。可推知，文章最可能出自杂志的“科学”部分。故选D。5．B6．A7．A8．C【分析】本文属于记叙文。文章讲述了纽约一所小学二年级的老师树立信心，看到自己的优点，发起一项总统竞选演讲活动。5．细节理解题。根据第一段todayisspeechday和本段最后一句withshiningdarkeyes,heseemslikethekindofkidswhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.以及第二段第一句Buthe’snervous.可知，Chris眼睛黑亮，似乎是那种喜欢公共演讲的孩子，但是他却很紧张，故可知Chris是因为做演讲紧张，故选B。6．词义猜测题。根据第二段“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”apronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.以及后文exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.可知，Chris发ld比较困难，这对于英语不是母语的学习者来说都是一个困难，总体来说Chris做得出奇的好。根据前文可知，ld发音困难，故推知是有些结巴，停顿不准确，故选A。7．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.以及最后一段“Boastingaboutyourself,andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays,“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”可知，这个课程不仅仅教孩子阅读以及公共演讲，还要让孩子学会夸耀自己，而夸耀自己对于那些进入教室没有信心的学生来说很困难，故可知Whaley老师这么做是为了帮助学生认识自己的优势，培养自信，故选A。8．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.和最后一段Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboastaboutthemselves.可知，当他有一天问学生认为自己当不了总统请举手的时候，想到了一个想法，这个课程就是帮助学生树立自己的信心，故可以看出这位老师很关心学生的成长。A.Humorous幽默的；B.Ambitious有雄心壮志的；C.Caring关心的；D.Demanding要求高的。故选C。9．A10．C11．A【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了迪士尼家庭魔幻之旅，包括票价，时间和注意事项。9．细节理解题。根据文中“Besuretobringyourcameratocatchallthememorablesurprisesasyouandyourgroupwindyourwaythroughmanyofthemagicallandsthroughoutthepark.当你和你的团队在公园的许多神奇的土地上蜿蜒前行时，一定要带上你的相机来捕捉所有难忘的惊喜。”可知，游客被推荐带着相机，故选A。10．细节理解题。根据“AdultUSD$39．00及Guests16yearsofageandundermustbeaccompaniedbyapayingadult(18yearsofageorolder)16岁及以下的客人必须由付费的成年人(18岁或以上)陪同”可知，大人门票39元，而16岁以下免费，故选C。11．细节理解题。根据文中“leasesnotethatthetourinvolvesalotofoutdoorwalkingforabout2hours,sobesuretochecktheweatherforecastanddressproperly租赁合同指出，这次旅行涉及大量的户外行走，大约2小时，所以一定要查看天气预报，并穿好衣服。”可知，旅行包括两个小时的户外活动。故选A。12．D13．A14．D15．B【分析】本文是应用文。文章介绍了四本评分很高的书。12．细节理解题。根据第一本书HowGrandpaTataCaughtaGinormousFishwithoutaHook的介绍中“Thisbookisafunnystoryofgoingoutandgettingwhatyouwant”（这本书是一个关于出去得到你要的东西的有趣故事）中的“afunnystory”可知，第一本书里讲的故事很有趣。故选D。13．推理判断题。根据第二本书Merely的介绍中“MerelytheMeerkat”可知，Merely是一只猫鼬；“Merelyisunluckilytakenfromherhomeandfamily,alongwithmanyotheranimals,andtransportedacrosstheoceantoanAmericanzoowhereheryounglifechangesforever.”故事讲述的是Merely和其他许多动物一起被送到大洋彼岸的一家美国动物园，在那里，她的生活永远改变了。由此可以推断，那些关心动物的人会对Merely这本书最感兴趣。故选A。14．推理判断题。根据TheWayThingsNeverWere的介绍中“ItseemslikekidsarealwayshearingstoriesaboutAmericainthe“goodolddays.”But,infact,the1950sand1960swerenotascarefreeastheysometimesseem.…NormanH.Finkelsteininvitespeopleofallagestodecideforthemselves.(孩子们似乎总是听到关于美国“美好的旧时光”的故事。但事实上，1950年代和1960年代不像看起来的那么无忧无虑。……NormanH.Finkelstein邀请不同年龄的人自己做决定。)”可以推断，NormanH.Finkelstein的这本书告诉读者关于20世纪中期美国的真实情况，让读者自己决定那是一个什么样的年代。故选D。15．细节理解题。根据每一本书的评分可知，HowGrandpaTataCaughtaGinormousFishwithoutaHook的评分为4.6；Merely的评分为4.5；TheWayThingsNeverWere的评分为4.6；SilentDays,SilentDreams的评分为4.8。因此，SilentDays,SilentDreams是四本书中评分最高的。故选B。16．B17．F18．C19．G20．E【分析】本文是一篇说明文，讲述了乐观是一种简单而有力的心态，可以在许多方面影响我们。16．根据空格前一句“Whilethesearethingsthatareoutofourcontrol,wecanmostcertainlycontrolhowwereactandfeelinsuchsituations.(虽然这些都是我们无法控制的事情，但我们可以很肯定地控制我们在这种情况下的反应和感受)”可知，我们虽然有很多不能控制的事情，但是却能控制我们的反映和感受；再结合文章下文“Optimismisasimpleyetpowerfulmindsetthatcanaffectusinmanyways.(乐观是一种简单而有力的心态，可以在许多方面影响我们)”可知，空格处应该引入乐观这一主题。B项Wecanlearntokeepoptimistic(我们可以学习乐观)引出乐观这个主题。故选B。17．根据空格前“Whensomepeoplesetagoaltheydon’taccountfortheproblemstheyruninto.Theyviewthemasbarriersthatcan’theremoved.Thisiswhytheminutesomethingdoesn’tgoasplannedtheystarttoshrinkandgiveup.(当一些人设定目标时，他们没有考虑他们遇到的问题。他们将其视为无法消除的障碍。这就是为什么一旦事情没有按计划进行，他们就会开始退缩和放弃)”可知，有些人在制定目标时没有考虑会存在的问题，所以会经常放弃。然后结合空格后“Infact,anoptimisticpersonwillmerelylookattheproblemsasnewexperiencesandnewpossibilities.(事实上，乐观的人只会把这些问题看成是新的经历和新的可能性)”可知，空格处应该陈述乐观主义者在遇到问题时该怎么办。F项Ontheotherhand,anoptimisticpersonismoreopentoproblems(另一方面，乐观的人更容易面对问题)陈述了乐观者面对问题的态度，承上启下。故选F。18．根据下文“AsurveyconductedbyGallupfoundthatonly35percentofUSmanagersareoccupiedintheirjobs.ThislackofdevotionanditsinfluenceonemployeescoststheUSapproximately$77billionto$96billioneachyear.Optimisticleaderscanhelpmotivatetheiremployees.(盖洛普公司开展的一项调查发现，美国只有35%的经理在专心工作。这种缺乏奉献精神及其对员工的影响每年使美国损失约770亿至960亿美元。乐观的领导者可以帮助激励他们的员工)”可知，在公司中，如果领导是个乐观的人，公司的效益会很好。相反地，如果领导缺乏奉献精神那么会造成巨大的损失。由此推知，本段主要在讲述，在公司之中需要良好的氛围，这样可以带动大家。C项Optimistsalsospreadagoodatmosphere(乐观主义者也传播了一种良好的氛围)满足本段段意。故选C。19．根据空格前一句“Optimisticleaderscanhelpmotivatetheiremployees(乐观的领导者可以帮助激励他们的员工)”可知，此处在陈述乐观的领导者会带动他的员工。由此推知，下文应该讲述乐观的人也会带动周围的人。G项Similarly,havingapositiveattitudecaninspireeveryonearoundus(同样，积极的态度可以激励我们周围的每一个人)承接上文。故选G。20．根据空格前一句“Pittsburghconcludedthatthosewhohaveanoptimisticviewpointhavea30percentlowerriskofheartdisease.(匹兹堡大学的一项研究得出结论，那些乐观的人患心脏病的风险降低了30%)”可知，乐观的人患心脏病的风险降低了30%，由此推知下文应该分析这一现象产生的原因。E项That’sbecausetheyaregenerallyhappierandlessstressed(这是因为他们通常更快乐，压力也更小)陈述了这个原因。故选E。21．B22．A23．D24．C25．B26．D27．C28．D29．D30．B31．A32．C33．A34．B35．C36．A37．B38．C39．D40．A【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了在心理学上一种被称之为“有毒的正能量”的现象。21．考查名词辨析。句意：鼓励的确能使我们精神振奋，但有时在某些情况下，它也会使我们沮丧。A.Modesty谦逊；B.Encouragement鼓励；C.Excitement兴奋；D.Admiration钦佩。根据上文的“Whenfacedwithtoughdifficultiesortroubles,peoplealwaysgiveuspositivewords.”和下文的“canliftourspiritsindeed”可知，此处是指鼓励的确能使我们精神振奋。故选B。22．考查副词辨析。句意：鼓励的确能使我们精神振奋，但有时在某些情况下，它也会使我们沮丧。A.also也；B.ever曾经；C.just仅仅；D.still仍然。此处“depressesus”是指鼓励的另一个影响，所以应用also表示并列补充。故选A。23．考查名词辨析。句意：让我们看看下面的例子。A.analysis分析；B.statement陈述；C.summary总结；D.example例子。根据下文“Betweensleeplessnights,diapers(换尿布)andfeedingtimes,havingsmallchildrenathomecouldleavePriscillaGoinsfeelingtired.Shelovedherkids,butitwasalot.”（在几个不眠夜、换尿布和喂奶的时间之间，家里有小孩会让普丽西拉觉得很累。她爱她的孩子，但也太多了。）可知，接下来作者是用一个例子来说明。故选D。24．考查形容词辨析。句意：在几个不眠夜、换尿布和喂奶的时间之间，家里有小孩会让普丽西拉觉得很累。A.thrilled兴奋的；B.joyful开心的；C.tired疲劳的；D.panic惊慌的。根据后文“Iwouldsometimessay‘Ijustwantaminutetomyself”（我有时会说‘我只想自己待会’）可知，家里有小孩会让普丽西拉觉得很累，且下文的“shewasgoingthroughthetiredness”也是提示。故选C。25．考查形容词辨析。句意：等他们长大了你会想念的或者你应该珍惜它。A.younger更年轻的；B.older年龄更大的；C.stronger更强壮的；D.taller更高的。根据“you’llmissit”可知，此处是指等孩子长大了她会想念现在。故选B。26．考查动词辨析。句意：她不认可人们说的话。A.distinguish区分；B.discontent使不满；C.deny否定，否认；D.recognize认出，识别。根据“Shedisagreedatall.”（她完全不同意。）可知，此处是指她不认可人们说的话。故选D。27．考查名词辨析。句意：实际上，在那些时刻，她只是想让大家知道她当时正在经历疲劳。A.commitment承诺，保证；B.concern担心，忧虑；C.acknowledgment承认；D.acquisition获得物，获得，收购。根据“shewasgoingthroughthetiredness”可知，此处是指她是想别人认可她的疲惫。故选C。28．考查副词辨析。句意：实际上，在那些时刻，她只是想让大家知道她当时正在经历疲劳。A.eventually最后，终于；B.gradually渐渐地；C.anyway无论如何，不管怎样，总之；D.indeed的确。根据“shewasgoingthroughthetiredness”这件事是事实，所以应用indeed强调。故选D。29．考查形容词辨析。句意：把充满挑战性的、艰难的经历放在一边，专注于积极思考，这就是一些专家所说的“有毒的正能量”。A.cosy舒适的；B.unforgettable难忘的；C.joyful欢喜的，令人高兴的；D.tough艰苦的，困难的。根据and可知，前后词义相近。所以此处是指充满挑战性的和艰难的经历。故选D。30．考查形容词辨析。句意：当然，积极的态度对于周围的人来说是一个馈赠，但它不应该取代仔细倾听别人的经历。A.negative消极的，否定的；B.positive积极的；C.critical批评的，爱挑剔的；D.caring关心他人的。根据“Beingcheerfulisnotabadthing.”可知，此处是指积极的态度对周围的人来说是一个礼物。故选B。31．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当然，积极的态度对于周围的人来说是一个馈赠，但它不应该取代仔细倾听别人的经历。A.taketheplaceof代替；B.takecontrolof控制；C.takechargeof接管，负责；D.takeadvantageof利用。根据“Whenyouarechoosingtolookatsituationsfromoneangle-inthiscaseapositiveangle-youareverylikelytodismissordenyanauthenticexperience.”（当你选择从一个角度看问题——一个积极的角度——你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。）可知，此处是指很多人只会用积极的态度面对别人的困难，但是往往不会仔细倾听，所以积极的态度不应该取代仔细倾听别人的经历。故选A。32．考查名词辨析。句意：当你选择从一个角度看问题——一个积极的角度——你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。A.views观点，风景；B.positions位置，姿态；C.situations状况，情境；D.phenomena现象。结合语境可知，此处是指从一个积极的角度看某件事情。故选C。33．考查名词辨析。句意：当你选择从一个角度看问题——一个积极的角度——你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。A.experience经验，体验；B.relationship关系；C.conclusion结论；D.virtue美德。根据“listeningthoughtfullytoothers’experiences”可知，此处是指如果你单纯选择从一个积极的角度看问题，你很可能会忽视或否认真实的体验。故选A。3